Importance Of Such Activities Research Articles

Global Impact of Musical Extracurriculars on Cultural Enrichment

This study explores how musical extracurricular activities at SD Muhammadiyah 1 Taman foster cultural appreciation and patriotism among elementary students in Indonesia. Using qualitative methods like observation, interviews, and document analysis, the research unveils effective collaboration between stakeholders, student enthusiasm, and character development. The findings underscore the importance of such activities in promoting cultural awareness and preserving local heritage, highlighting the need for continued support and integration in educational curricula. Highlight: Collaborative stakeholders ensure successful musical extracurricular implementation. Activities nurture tolerance, patriotism, and cultural appreciation among students. Integration into curricula vital for preserving and promoting local cultural heritage. Keyword: Musical extracurricular activities, Cultural appreciation, Elementary education, Stakeholder collaboration, Character development

Пути повышения эффективности систем управления охраной труда

The high level of occupational injuries has been registered globally. Daily, 5,000 deaths are caused by industrial accidents and occupational illnesses. It is an issue that requires an urgent solution. The International Organization of Standardization has developed the ISO 45001:2018 Standard; implementing its recommendations in the working practices of an enterprise should increase the efficiency of activities aiming to ensure occupational safety. The basic recommendation of the standard is the development of an occupational safety management system at the enterprise. It is a documented system; within its setup, it is required to develop a significant volume of documentation and determine information links between the departments. The enterprise, however, must not focus only on documentation. The main functioning efficiency factor of the occupational safety management system is training for staff. Conditions to boost staff activities and their involvement in the development of favorable working conditions, detection and elimination of hazards at the workplace must be provided. An essential factor of the successful functioning of the occupational safety management system is the conducting of recurrent audits (1–2 times a year) at each department of the enterprise. Nevertheless, hazards and incidents at the workplace can emerge daily; therefore, the staff should act as auditors as the efficiency of detection of emerging hazards and risks and their timely elimination will depend on the staff’s qualification, attention, and active approach. In order to boost staff involvement, constant improvement of competencies and the use of an incentive system developed considering the efficiency of proposals on occupational safety improvements can be recommended. The involvement of staff in occupational safety activities, their understanding of the importance of such activities aiming at the safety of life and health, and the support of initiatives of the staff are possible on the condition of interest of the enterprise's top management in the efficient measures to ensure occupational safety. Involvement of all employees of the enterprise in solving occupational safety problems will enable significant improvement of working conditions, reduce the level of occupational injuries, and resolve social issues within the framework of achievement the goals of the sustainable development program.

Studying the peculiarities of the universities students’ motivation for research activities

Introduction. The article substantiates the need for up-to-date knowledge about the state and possibilities of university students’ research activities, taking into account the necessity to increase the importance of such activities for education and personal development of future professionals in the field of science. The purpose of the article is to present the research results (2023) reflecting the problems of involving students into research activities and ways of solving these problems, as well as the results of investigating students’ motivation at the Herzen State Pedagogical University in Russia. The innovative model of preparing highly qualified scientific and academic staff is characterized. Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on the ideas of a personality-centered approach. Theoretical and practical methods of scientific research were applied: theoretical analysis, synthesis, classification; the online questionnaire, which revealed various aspects of students’ motivation to participation in research activities, and mathematical methods of data processing. Results. The authors presented three groups of results: - the review and analysis of studies conducted in the 2000s by Russian and international researchers on various aspects of engaging university students in research activities; - the review of current research investigations conducted in Russian universities, reflecting practice of improving university students’ research activities in various regions of the country; - the results of the study conducted in 2023 at the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia - a survey of students majoring in the following fields: Education (Education science); Psychology (psychological sciences); Psychology and Education which reflect the key positions of organizing students’ research: the engagement of students in educational activities; motivation for research activities; satisfaction with research experience; the degree of participation in the student research society; self-assessment of the research skills; assessment of existing conditions for research activities and accessibility to them at the university. Conclusions. Students will choose research activities as a basis for their professional formation if research is considered to be a leading activity in the higher educational institution; where external and internal motives of involving students in research are taken into account and regulatory and research support of students in their scientific self-determination is manifested. One of the possible forms of creating such conditions is the model of a joint master’s and doctoral-level degree program.

Information space of controlling information in the context of joint activities: economic security aspect

The article examines the concept and outlines the components of the "information space of controlling information" category. Given the study of the information space of a joint venture as a system representing a single whole with a set of interconnected and interacting components - information objects, but on a smaller scale within the external and internal environment, the author develops a mechanism for the formation of information security with the allocation of information flows by directions (entry into the system, processing in the system, exit from the system), which allows to schematically depict the impact of information from the external information space on the joint venture's activities, information processing processes in the management system, management decision-making based on the processed information, as well as the output of high-quality and reliable information to meet the information needs of external users. When organising information security, it should be borne in mind that the vast majority of threats are generated by its employees, regardless of whether it is information in the form of employee knowledge or information contained in documents. The paper focuses on office threats to information of business entities, namely, threats to information contained in documents and information possessed and used by office workers in the course of their work. Since the set of actions of the personnel of a certain entity, aimed at ensuring the management of its activities, is appropriately organised in space and time, work with information of an enterprise, and work in the management link, determines the particular importance of such activities. A large amount of financial information can lead to the inability to process all the information, reduce the likelihood of assessing the most appropriate and reliable information, and make erroneous management decisions. The emergence and intensification of threats in the information environment significantly increases the importance and role of information security for the national security of Ukraine. As a result of the research of the selected topic, reasonable conclusions have been drawn which make it possible to define the concept of "financial controlling information" as a set of diverse data produced by individual structural units of business entities, public authorities, other institutions and organisations and used in the process of preparing reports for managers of various levels in order to make the right management decisions.

Theoretical Foundations of Constitutional and Legal Research of State and Public Control in the Light of Current Trends in the Development of Public Administration

The paper shows from the standpoint of constitutional and legal science that state control (supervision), municipal control, public control are inextricably linked with the functions of the state and form a part of the subject of constitutional law and an important element of modern Russian constitutionalism. With this in mind, control and supervisory activities have very strong theoretical and legal and constitutional grounds due to the special importance of such activities for the normal functioning of the state as such, the state and public system and to ensure the full implementation of the constitutional and legal status of the individual. The author highlights the following current trends in the development of public administration in our country that are of particular importance for the further improvement of control and supervisory activities: the orientation of public administration to citizens, their rights, needs, expectations and wishes; openness (transparency) of public administration; development of forms of interactive communications of public authorities and society; reduction of excessive administrative burden on subjects in respect of which control and supervisory activities are carried out; the widespread introduction of a risk-based approach within the framework of control and supervisory activities; increasing the role of public control as a significant form of feedback in the government-public dialogue, contributing to the improvement of public administration. It is important to conduct modern constitutional and legal studies of state control (supervision), municipal control and public control with mandatory consideration of the indicated trends and based on the relevant priorities, which will allow developing legal approaches, normative and practical proposals that ensure the client-centricity of public administration, its even greater openness and clarity for citizens and increasing the level of satisfaction of society with the results of activities of public authorities at all levels.

SELF-ASSESSMENT AND PEER ASSESSMENT ‒ DETERMINANT OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE PROCESS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

The subject of the research is the activity of students in the assessment process - in self-assessment and peer assessment. The aim is to demonstrate the importance of such activities for improving the quality of the process and learning outcomes of students. The values of self-assessment and peer assessment were analyzed, and their theoretical foundations were characterized. The results of empirical research confirm the advantages of increasing student activity in the assessment process, but also indicate challenges related to the implementation of such forms of assessment into practice. The use of self-assessment and peer assessment by teachers in the process of teaching undoubtedly requires increased effort and time, but as a result it increases the quality of the desired learning outcomes of students.

THE EFFECT OF GROUP EVENTS PROMOTING VOLUNTEERING ON THE AWARENESS AND MOTIVATION OF SCHOOL AND HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS

The publication deals with the theoretical and empirical researches of school and higher education students’ involvement in volunteering. The sociological survey analyzes results of students’ volunteering experiences among the participants of information events in the autumn-winter of 2021-2022 (before the Russian military aggression in Ukraine). The results of this sociological survey have shown specific features of school and higher education students’ attitude to volunteering. Attitudes to volunteering among school and higher education students, their awareness, the importance of such activities for them, knowledge about volunteering areas and volunteering benefits have been analyzed. The authors of the article analyze the results of the sociological survey of students who participated in the volunteering school (entrance and exit survey). Conclusions which were based on this survey help to define the impact of master-classes at the volunteering school on students' perceptions of volunteering, the importance of volunteering for students. The authors paid special attention to the study of the volunteering school’s impact on young people (school and higher education students) in the context of their informing and involvement in volunteering practices. Based on the results of the comparative analysis of volunteering practices among school and higher education students, the specifics of the ideas of the two groups of young people about volunteering have been determined. The article also analyzes forms of informational and explanatory work which can be used for informing and involving young people in volunteering, the effectiveness of webinars, trainings, group discussions, volunteering schools, which are held in "Caritas Zaporizhzhia Charitable Fund" to inform and motivate school and higher education students to volunteering. On the basis of this, the authors have considered and singled out the most effective forms of group informing social work and its stages with these age groups for their education before volunteering. The fact that the information work is more effectve for the schoolchildren than for higher education students is determined. It is important for the students that volunteering meets their interests, provides an opportunity to develop their skills and contacts that are important in their future professional activities. The authors determine the perspective of further research taking into account the development of youth volunteering in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine associated with military aggression.

DP 0263 - Science, Technology and Innovation in the Strategic Programs of the Brazilian Navy

National Defense requires adequately trained, prepared and equipped armed forces to perform in guaranteeing national interests and protect sovereignty. Regarding the issue of equipping – which is the main focus of the three forces’ (Navy, Army, and Air Force) strategic programs – it is not restricted to investment in updated defense equipment and systems procurement, but chiefly the development of endogenous scientific-technological capacities able to provide defense needs. This makes it vital to undertake efforts and investments in the area of science, technology, and innovation, especially in research and development activities aimed at national defense. The purpose of this work is to analyze the importance of such activities in the achievement of the main strategic programs of the Brazilian Navy. For this purpose, the main aspects of the interrelation between national defense and science, technology and innovation, the general characteristics of the Navy’s main strategic programs and the importance of scientific-technological enterprises in their development will be examined.

Official COVID-19 coping strategies in educational institutions.

To analyze normative acts on coping with COVID-19 in the teaching environment, sanctioned by the state and federal governments of Brazil. Documentary research, with a qualitative approach to documents published by federal and state education and health bodies between March/2020 and March/2021, analyzed according to Bardin's Document Analysis framework. From 61 documents, four categories resulted: Acts and strategies to protect against COVID19 adopted by the federal government; Normative acts of state governments on suspension of classes; Strategies to protect against COVID-19 in the teaching environment common among Brazilian states; Strategies to protect against COVID-19 in the teaching environment specific to Brazilian states. The normative acts analyzed present weaknesses regarding the clarification on how to establish the systematization of COVID-19 surveillance actions in the teaching environment, as well as there is a lack of reflections on the importance of such actions.

From Barbara to Bia: Art, policy and science dialoguing with rights and health of lesbians in Brazil

Abstract Issue Discrimination and homophobia are latent and can affect health. Chico Buarque composed at least three songs about lesbian love: Barbara (with Ruy Guerra - 1972), Sea and Moon (1980) and Blues for Bia (2017). Problem Beginning with the view that art can manifest itself as narrative, this paper analyzes the alignment of the content of the three songs mentioned above with Brazilian policies ensuring LGBT rights and the trend of studies on lesbian health in Brazil from 1970 to 2019. The results can assist the promotion of discussions in other places. We performed 1) a search of governmental policies aimed at protecting the rights of the LGBT population; 2) a systematic search for studies on lesbian health in PUBMED; 3) a musical analysis of the songs. Results The 1970s was marked by a military government when the love addressed in the song 'Barbara' was closeted and sad. The song (composed in a minor tone) uses half-step intervals, generating melancholy feelings. In the 1980s, still under a dictatorial government, several social movements initiated a militant stance for the LGBT movement and the song “Sea and Moon” addressed the suicide of a lesbian couple. We found no government actions in this period or studies conducted in Brazil in the PUBMED database up to 1998. Government policies emerged in the 2000s, especially through the program entitled 'Brazil without Homophobia' in 2004. Other policies followed and intensified in the 2010s. The number of studies increased from seven up to the year 2009 to 105 from 2010 onward. “Blues for Bia” addresses sexual freedom with lightheartedness. Lessons The increase in policies for the rights of the LGBT population was aligned with a trend in studies on lesbian health and with the three songs analyzed. Songs began with sad, negative tones until finally arriving at issues of autonomy and freedom, suggesting the importance of the maintenance of these actions that can alleviate problems related to LGBT rights and health. Key messages Policies for LGBT rights and studies on lesbian health have increased in Brazil since 2000s, especially after 2010. The tone of the songs studied changed from pain to lightness, in line with increase of the research and policies, emphasizing the importance of such actions.

The Role of Zero and Low Carbon Hydrogen in Enabling the Energy Transition and the Path to Net Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions

As public pressure to limit global warming continues to rise, governments, policy makers and regulators are looking for the most effective ways to achieve the target set by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to keep the global temperature increase to below 1.5°C above pre‐industrial levels. This will require the world to move to net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050, and numerous governments have committed to reach net zero by this date, or even earlier. It is widely recognised that achieving net zero at the state, country and regional levels will necessitate a systems-wide approach across all the major sources of GHG emissions, which include power generation, transport, industrial processes and heating. Land use is also critical with billions of trees needing to be planted and a change in the amount of meat eaten. There is a growing realisation that hydrogen has a vital role to play, particularly to decarbonise sectors and applications that are otherwise extremely difficult to abate, such as industrial processes, heavy duty freight movement, dispatchable power generation and heating applications. Hydrogen will also provide long-term (for instance seasonal) energy storage, enabling much greater uptake of renewable power generation, which itself is a key prerequisite of the clean energy transition. Hydrogen can play a role in the decarbonisation of all major segments, and this means it can facilitate cross-sector coupling, enabling the exploitation of synergies between different key parts of the economy. This article discusses the different production routes to low and zero carbon hydrogen, and its uses across numerous applications to minimise and eliminate carbon dioxide and GHG emissions, building a picture of the key role that hydrogen will play in the energy transition and the broader global move towards decarbonisation and climate stabilisation. An overview of some of the ongoing and planned demonstration projects will be presented, outlining the importance of such activities in providing confidence that the hydrogen approach is the right one for multiple geographies around the world and that there are technologies that are ready to be deployed today.

Análise dos resultados da logística reversa no setor sucroalcooleiro: um estudo de caso em uma usina do estado de Alagoas, Brasil

RESUMO: A logística reversa é um tema que vem se destacando ao longo dos anos quando se trata de práticas operacionais e responsabilidade ambiental. Dessa forma, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar os resultados da prática da logística reversa realizada pelo setor sucroalcooleiro no estado de Alagoas por meio das operações de uma usina. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso em uma usina do estado, onde, por meio de uma entrevista com gestores e análise de documentos, foi possível identificar a importância de tais ações às operações da empresa. Constatou-se como resultado que a usina analisada vem se destacando com a reutilização de bagaço da cana-de-açúcar para a produção de energia, torta de filtro e vinhaça, tornando esse um diferencial competitivo perante os concorrentes. Observou-se ainda que tais práticas auxiliam no processo de gestão à medida que otimizam o sistema produtivo e impactam na redução de custos.
 PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Logística Reversa, Compostagem, Responsabilidade Ambiental.

Physical Fitness in Patients With Oligoarticular and Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Diagnosed in the Era of Biologics: A Controlled Cross-Sectional Study.

To perform a comprehensive evaluation of and identify correlates for physical fitness in consecutive patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who have been diagnosed in the era of biologics and to compare the results with those obtained in healthy controls. The study cohort included 60 patients with JIA (50 girls) ages 10-16 years and 60 age- and sex-matched controls. The JIA group included 30 patients with persistent oligoarticular JIA and 30 patients with extended oligoarticular or polyarticular disease. Measures of physical fitness included cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) by peak oxygen uptake (Vo2peak ) during a continuous graded treadmill exercise test, muscle strength by isokinetic and isometric knee and hand grip evaluations, and bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry. Forty-two percent of the patients were being treated with biologic drugs. Patients with JIA demonstrated lower muscle strength and total body BMD compared to controls, but there were no differences in CRF and body composition. Physical fitness was comparable between the persistent oligoarticular and extended oligoarticular/polyarticular-JIA groups. In patients with JIA, we identified associations between higher vigorous physical activity and higher CRF and muscle strength, but did not find any association between physical fitness and disease variables. In this cohort of patients with JIA, we found suboptimal muscle strength and BMD compared to controls, but no differences in CRF and body composition. Vigorous physical activities appeared important for optimizing muscle strength and CRF in patients with JIA; the importance of such activities should be highlighted in patient education.

INFLUENCE OF AWARENESS, PERCEIVED IMPORTANCE, AND PERCEPTION TOWARD OTHERS ON INTENTION TO IMPLEMENT RESPONSIBLE TOURISM MARKETING

This research aims at examining influence of awareness and perceived importance on intention to implement responsible tourism marketing, moderated by perception towards other tourism stakeholders. Respondents of the research were 157 tourism Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. Results show that while levels of awarenes and perceived importance were high, perception towards others and intention to implement responsible tourism marketing were lower. Further, awareness and perceived importance influenced positively intention to implement the concept. The influence of awareness on intention to implement was moderated by perception towards other stakeholders. This indicates that tourism industry is systemic where actions of stakeholders are highly interdependent. Individual stakeholder’s decision to adopt of a certain concept/strategy depends on others’ decision to also adopt it, despite the importance of such actions perceived by him/her individually.

Miejsce muzykoterapii w stymulowaniu rozwoju dzieci z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną

Music therapy is a complex process conducive to the improvement of the functioning of the organism subjected to this type of action. It is a multifaceted action including various forms and methods of working with the use of music. In this text I present an analysis of the importance of such activities for the development of children with intellectual disabilities and try to assess the extent to which such activities are used in working with this group of people. The analysis of the ways of performing music therapy in relation to children with intellectual disabilities is illustrated by the results of a diagnostic survey.

Do Tourists’ Preferences Match the Host Community’s Initiatives? A Study of Sustainable Tourism in One of Africa’s Oldest Conservation Areas

Involvement of stakeholders in sustainable tourism, particularly in developing countries, is crucial for the success of tourism development. However, its implementation is often criticized for not considering stakeholders’ needs. This study explores tourists’ preferences for tourism activities, designed by local stakeholders, in one of the oldest conserved parks in East Africa—the Menagesha Suba Forest, in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia. The study area is endowed with natural, cultural and historical, yet undeveloped, tourist attractions. The host community benefits little from tourism and is in continual conflict with the park administration. This study aims to provide new insights on potential engagement of stakeholders in sustainable tourism planning. In particular, we explored tourists’ preferences for activities designed by local stakeholders, as well as their preferences concerning the improvement of the park infrastructure. The local community has been engaged in group discussions to design community involvement activities in tourism, while park guest books have been consulted to identify infrastructure improvements suggested by tourists. A survey that embedded a discrete choice experiment was conducted among tourists that visited the Menagesha Suba Forest. Data were analyzed with mixed logit and latent class models. We identified preferences for infrastructure improvement in the park. Tourists’ preferences are heterogeneous and vary with their profile as foreigners, foreign residents, and locals. Furthermore, the study indicates that there is a mismatch between tourists’ preferences and activities designed by the host community for their engagement in tourism. Tourists might be unaware of the importance of such activities for local communities. On the other hand, the findings also imply that increasing host residents’ awareness of tourism and tourists’ preferences is required, prior to tourism activities planning. Hence, sustainable tourism planning and development needs to understand perception gaps between host residents and tourists for its smooth implementation.

Teachers’ professional development through teachers’ professional activities

PurposeThis study aims to identify various teachers’ professional activities (TPAs) and classify these TPAs according to their relative importance for the professional development of teachers.Design/methodology/approachThe systematic review of the literature had been conducted to identify various TPAs in the institutions. Later, an empirical research had been conducted through confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS 20.0 to classify these TPAs according to their relative importance using the natural gap in standardized beta (β) values. In total, 96 administrators of 35 technical institutions of Punjab (India) offering engineering and management programs and 93 veteran educational experts had responded in a field survey.FindingsThe results of the study identified eight TPAs and further revealed that “regular self-assessment,” “adopting a creative problem-solving approach” and “developing deep commitment to make the difference” qualify among the “most important” activities for the professional enhancement of the faculty.Originality/valueThe study highlights different TPAs that they must establish, raise, promote, encourage and organize for their development. The study further classifies different activities according to their relative importance. The institute can evaluate their resources, budgets and efforts according to the relative importance of such activities. The classification of TPAs would help faculty to increase their efficacy.

Measurement of muscular Christian ideals in sport: Validation of the Contemporary Muscular Christian Instrument

Muscular Christianity’s influential role in establishing Western sport values and ideals during the 19th century has long been acknowledged by sport scholars. Yet these relatively dated sets of physical moral constructs are rarely understood as having lasting relevance, or as forming part of the contemporary attraction to sport, and thus have been missing in critical sociological analyses of sport. While shown to be valid and reliable, initial results from developing the Contemporary Muscular Christian Instrument (CMCI) also suggested that modifications to item wording could enhance readability and capture all six theorized factors of muscular Christianity, supported by literature. The current scale development study is aimed to strengthen the instrument and verify its structural validity and internal consistency among a more diverse sample population: spectators at the 2014 Tour de France. Following data collection and cleaning of data, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted, and internal consistencies were examined. Results indicate strong support for the structural validity of the revised 20-item, 6-factor CMCI, showing strong factor loadings across all items and acceptable internal consistencies for all six-theorized factors. Findings among this international sample of sport spectators suggest that historic muscular Christian themes used to develop this instrument continue to shape and influence perceptions of what is deemed good, right, and valuable in sport. Our findings point to the importance of understanding these six moral constructs as contemporary discussions on the social value and importance of such activities evolve. The revised CMCI provides sociologists of sport a tool by which to examine theorized muscular Christian constructs, promoting certain values about sport and its social “good,” and allows for further investigation into sports’ social significance, meanings, and values within related topics. This paper details the improvements to the survey instrument, the CFA results, and recommendations for future application and research using the survey instrument.

The Organisation as the Cure for Its Own Ailments: Corporate Investigators in The Netherlands

Public/private relations in the field of security attract considerable academic attention. Usually, the state is central to the analysis, focusing on the diminishing role of a previously dominant state. The role that organisations themselves play in the investigation and settlement of their internal norm violations is, however, much less researched. An emphasis on the role of the state downplays the importance of such actions. This research paper, based on qualitative data from the Netherlands, highlights the role of the organisation as the principal actor in corporate investigations and corporate settlements. The legal constraints upon and day-to-day activities of corporate investigators are considered and the consequences of the distance between public law enforcement actors and corporate security are reflected upon. The paper arrives at the conclusion that the limited insight into the measures taken by organisations in response to internal norm violation can be considered problematic from a democratic, rule-of-law point of view. The freedom of action enjoyed by organisations within the private legal sphere makes oversight and control quite challenging.

Ações formativas em disciplinas de prática pedagógica na licenciatura em Educação Física

Neste trabalho, são investigadas contribuições para a docência inicial decorrentes de três ações formativas desenvolvidas em duas disciplinas de Prática Pedagógica nos dois últimos semestres de um curso de licenciatura noturno em Educação Física. Neste sentido, são articuladas ações pautadas na formação do professor reflexivo, em modelos de ensino fundamentados na cultura corporal de movimento e na orientação, problematização e reformulação de planos de ensino a serem desenvolvidos no Estágio Supervisionado por quinze futuros professores. Depoimentos dos mesmos, obtidos por meio de entrevistas gravadas e transcritas, segundo uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, evidenciam a importância de tais ações que, por se contraporem ao modelo formativo vigente – racionalidade técnica, que enfatiza uma concepção de Educação Física como atividade técnica, desportiva e descompromissada de seus propósitos educacionais – configuram-se como propostas significativas para uma melhor formação docente inicial naquela área.