Importance Of Capital Research Articles

Comparison between the short-term observed and long-term estimated wind power density using Artificial Neural Networks. A case study

The economic feasibility of a wind project is dependent on the wind regime since it relies on the power output of the turbines over the installation’s working life. Consequently, the interannual variability of wind speed at a potential wind energy conversion site is an issue of capital importance. Usually a wind data measurement campaign is limited to a period no longer than one year (i.e. short-term). Therefore, the process of decision-making for wind farm constructors must be based in this short-term data. Various methods have been proposed in the scientific literature for estimation of the long-term wind speed characteristics at such sites. These methods use simultaneous measurements of the wind speed at the site in question and at one or several nearby reference sites with a long history of wind data measurements. In this paper, long-term wind power densities which have been estimated through the use Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), will be compared to those which have been calculated by means of the short-term wind data (i.e. considered to be representative of long-term wind performance). Mean hourly wind speeds and directions calculated in a 10 year period of time at six weather stations located on six different islands in the Canarian Archipelago (Spain) were used in this study. Among the different conclusions which this study revealed, we can highlight that the wind resource estimation based on ANNs is better than that dependant on short-term wind data. This is true when the correlation coefficient between the reference and candidate weather station is of 0.6.

Do received remittances cause Dutch disease in developed and developing countries?

PurposeThe present study aimed to examine the effect of received remittance inflows on the price level ratio of the purchasing power parity conversion factor to the market exchange rate in 36 developed and developing countries from 2004 to 2020.Design/methodology/approachThe panel data conducted a comparative analysis and used panel least squares, regression with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors of fixed effect, random effect, feasible generalised least squares and maximum likelihood robust least squares to overcome the heterogeneity issue. Furthermore, the two-step difference generalised method of moments to overcome the endogeneity issue. Diagnostic tests were used to increase robustness.FindingsIn the studied countries, there was a statistically significant negative relationship between received remittance inflows and the price-level ratio of the purchasing power parity conversion factor to the market exchange rate. This relationship explains why remittance flows depreciate the real exchange rate. The study’s results also indicated that attracting investments can improve the quality of institutions despite high tax rates, leading to low tax revenue.Originality/valueThe current study findings enrich the understanding of policies of how governments should minimise tariff rates on capital imports and introduce export-oriented incentive programmes. The study also revealed that Dutch disease can occur due to differences in the demand structure and manufacturing development policy.

Does social capital promote sustainable livelihood? Mediating effect of women entrepreneurship

PurposeThe present study investigates the role of social capital in promoting sustainable livelihood amongst indigenous women in India. The study further analyses the mediation effect of women entrepreneurship between social capital and livelihood promotion.Design/methodology/approachStructure equation modeling has been used to empirically examine the effect of social capital in promoting sustainable livelihood. The study has collected 612 samples from indigenous women entrepreneurs across Sundargarh and Koraput districts in Odisha.FindingsThe result highlighted the extensiveness of indigenous women entrepreneurs, who utilized their social capital to improve enterprise performance and livelihood conditions. It is witnessed that social capital has a direct and positive effect on uplifting the living standards of indigenous women. Furthermore, women entrepreneurship mediates the relationship between social capital and livelihood promotion of indigenous women.Practical implicationsThe decision-makers, policy practitioners and government agencies must encourage more women's self-help groups to participate in entrepreneurial activities by utilizing social capital through government welfare programs.Originality/valueThe present study adds value to the existing literature on social capital, women entrepreneurship and sustainable livelihood by measuring the importance of social capital in achieving sustainable livelihood. This study will add knowledge to the existing theories and literature of social capital on its use and importance towards the benefit of society.

The importance of childhood social capitals in the future well-being of children.

Elucidating the enduring effects of childhood social capital is vital for shaping future well-being. Here, we investigate the impact of childhood social capital (SC) and parental engagement on adult psychological well-being and cognitive performance. Utilizing a cohort of 292 Japanese university students, we assessed the influences of SC and parental time during childhood on adult outcomes. Participants retrospectively reported their early childhood experiences, focusing on social interactions and parental involvement. Our findings reveal a significant positive correlation between childhood SC and adult subjective well-being, particularly in its positive dimensions. Additionally, maternal involvement during childhood is associated with cognitive abilities in adulthood, as measured by Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis highlights the substantial impact of childhood SC on adult well-being, elucidating the intricate interplay between social and parental contributions to developmental trajectories. These results highlight the crucial roles of both parental and non-parental figures in fostering social, emotional, and cognitive development from childhood to adulthood, underscoring the importance of nurturing supportive relationships throughout early life to promote positive developmental outcomes.

The Impact of Police Education on Technological Innovation within Law Enforcement Agencies

This study investigates the role of educational investments in fostering technological innovation within police departments. Utilizing virtual data and a range of analytical methods, including linear regression and structural equation modeling, the research explores how different types of education influence innovation outcomes. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation between educational investments and technological innovation, highlighting the importance of human capital in driving technological advancements. Moreover, the study identifies variations in the impact of formal education, specialized training, and continuous learning on innovation. These insights provide valuable recommendations for policymakers and law enforcement agencies aiming to enhance their operational capabilities through targeted educational programs.

The human factor in the development of a green economy in the Kyrgyz Republic

The paper explores the importance of human capital as the most important factor in the development of a green economy of the Kyrgyz Republic. A green economy is in line with the new concept of sustainable development, thanks to its ability to improve the bio-environment, increase resource efficiency and take care of future generations. Although there are many studies on the concept and implementation of a green economy, the practical issues associated with it are not completely clear, including the importance of macroeconomic sustainability. The purpose of this study is to identify the importance of human capital in ensuring the development of a green economy of the Kyrgyz Republic. To achieve the objectives of the study, a comprehensive analysis was applied, which has shown a direct and close relationship between the level of human capital and the potential for the development of a green economy. This study examines the experience of developed countries and the competitive advantages of developing a green economy through the trinity of sustainability of the development of economy, society and environment, with the priority of investing in human capital. This paper shows that human capital is an important factor in the growth of a green economy and sustainable development for the Kyrgyz Republic.

THE IMPORTANCE OF COLLECTIVE SKILLS IN THE PERFORMANCE OF HOTEL ESTABLISHMENTS

The current economic context, characterised by intense and persistent competition, underlines the crucial importance of human capital in business competitiveness. These situations are prompting organisations to give strategic priority to their human resources, given that innovation and creativity, the drivers of organisational development, emanate from human effort. It is becoming imperative to guide employees towards career paths aligned with their skills and aptitudes in order to guarantee organisational performance. The focus on skills has become widespread in organisations, giving rise to a variety of approaches and reflections in the field of management. In the specific context of the hotel sector in Madagascar, which is characterised by a diversification of the offer to meet the varied expectations of travellers, employee skills are of particular importance. The growth of tourism in the country has stimulated the development of the hotel sector, but its expansion cannot be sustained without adequate skills. Hence the question: How can collective skills ensure the performance of hotel establishments? Through a survey of 250 employees of hotel establishments, this research aims to verify the importance of collective skills in the performance of hotel establishments in Madagascar. In short, this study aims to understand and optimise the crucial role of skills in organisational performance, by highlighting their specific impact in the hotel sector in Madagascar.

Scaling research and practice of scholarships impact for peace: The role of theory

The scope of appraising international higher education scholarships’ potential impact on peace should be broadened beyond assessing their contribution to technical recovery and development. Extant research often limits appreciation of this contribution to instrumentalist terms of human capital import, underpinning it with a view of ‘peace’ as a flat phenomenon of technical functions in a neoliberal order. I present here an alternative approach for fuller and more critical examination of scholarships’ potential impact on peace in Palestine. Working within critical realism, I collected qualitative data from 32 Palestinian alumni on their master's scholarship experiences, which I then analyzed in a data-driven, descriptive mode followed by abductive analysis. Descriptive and inferential findings developed from this two-stage analysis demonstrate that the participants’ perceived academic, career, and identity developments relate to peace in Palestine in deeper, more complex ways than advancing career progress and human-sourcing higher education recovery. Interpreted through an interdisciplinary theoretical framework of everyday peace capability, these perceived developments suggest that scholarships enhanced the participants’ ability to reposition themselves in relation not only to conflict but also to a reflexive agenda of individual-national progress, enabled their transgression of oppressive forces disciplining their national and global connections, and expanded their capacity for working with advanced methods of knowing. These findings illustrate the significant role that critical interdisciplinary theorization can play in developing fuller, context-informed understanding of the impact of scholarships and of international academic mobility more broadly. While these findings demonstrate only micro-level effects, i.e., impact on individuals, they have clear implications for scaling research and practice of scholarships impact for peace at the meso- and macro-levels.

The Effect of Strategic Orientation Through Social Capital on the Performance of the Republic of Indonesia Public Employee Cooperative (KPRI) Tulungagung Regency

Strategic orientation refers to how organizations should interact with customers, competitors, technology, and other external factors to make optimal strategic choices. Research using four orientations simultaneously is still rarely done and given the importance of social capital in social enterprises, this study will analyze the effect of social capital as an intervening variable on the performance of KPRI. Based on this, this study aims to determine the effect of strategic orientation on KPRI performance with social capital as an intervening variable. The research method uses quantitative methods with path analysis and data analysis using the PLS Smart application. The results of the study resulted in the following findings; Entrepreneurial orientation. Market orientation Technology orientation has no effect, learning orientation has no effect on KPRI performance. Social capital has a significant influence on the performance of KPRI in Tulungagung Regency. Social capital is proven as an intervening variable affecting entrepreneurial orientation, market orientation, technology orientation, learning orientation on KPRI performance. KPRI management is more risk averse to maintain financial balance so that the social mission of the cooperative is maintained. The majority of KPRI's business is savings and loans, KPRI members to meet urgent financial needs prefer to borrow from KPRI. The use of technology and learning orientation is still limited due to constraints on KPRI's resources. Improving cooperative performance can be done by the management by strengthening social capital in KPRI.

Universidad sin fronteras en la Eurorregión Galicia-Norte de Portugal: una exploración desde las experiencias de estudiantes y docentes

The literature review on university cooperation in the Galicia-North Portugal Euroregion allows for the development of the script for in-depth interviews, a fundamental source of information in this study. The study explores student and academic mobility, as well as research mobility from Galicia to Northern Portugal, specifically towards the Escola Superior de Enfermagem Dr. José Timóteo Montalvão Machado for the former, and the Universidade do Minho for the latter. Emphasis is placed on understanding cross-border relations, the role of linguistic issues, how residence is addressed, and what the facilitators are. This exploratory research reveals the importance of relational capital in cooperation beyond the necessary community framework and the existence of formal structures, emphasizing the relevance of this Euroregion as a spatial frame of reference.

The effect of capital inflows on the imports of capital goods in developing countries

This paper examines the relationship between capital inflows and import of capital goods to credit-constrained industries in developing countries. Using data of 11 industrial sectors in 57 countries for 2000–2020, we find that financially dependent industries import disproportionately more capital goods if they operate in countries that receive more foreign funds. A host of robustness tests, including instrumental variables estimation, confirm our main finding. We also document that: (i) the established nexus breaks down during the global financial crisis, (ii) the observed relationship is mainly due to the direct investment via equity, and (iii) host countries tend to import relatively more capital goods from G7 economies. Overall, our results suggest that one channel through which capital inflows affect economic growth is by alleviating firms' financial constraints, thereby enabling firms to acquire more advanced capital goods.

Sustainable Micro‐ and Nanocomposites for Thermal Insulation in Buildings

Energy efficiency in buildings requires adequate materials for thermal insulation. Given the enormous number of buildings worldwide needing a retrofit to improve their energy efficiency, it is of capital importance to identify materials suitable for sustainable thermal insulation. Among the many available insulators, polyurethanes occupy a preeminent role, given their versatility and effectiveness, and are thus expected to be extensively used in retrofitting buildings for improving their energy efficiency. Herein, the currently available bio‐derived or recyclable polyurethane‐based composites, considering them as either foams (i.e., with gaseous filler) or fully solid (i.e., with solid filler) composites, are assessed. The first section of the review is devoted to bioderived PUs as matrices for thermally insulating composites; the second section focuses on bio‐derived/recyclable fillers adopted with PUs as matrices, with specific reference to silica‐based aerogels. The main issues of the surveyed bio‐based composites are analyzed, and the future prospects of these materials, that are actually sustainable but at the same time performance effective, are discussed.

IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN CAPITAL AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE SUCCESS OF CONTEMPORARY COMPANIES IN CDE

To define human capital, we must talk about the economic value of the professional skills that a person has, capitalized in the value of the future benefits that a person expects to obtain with his work. and, that if the financial aspect is added, we can talk about obtaining the integral wealth of people, which is what really matters to all organizations, since with it productivity is obtained, as a result of work experience as well as the degree of their training. Through a mixed investigation, applying interviews and surveys to obtain the data on which the results were interpreted, in a single study with the objective of obtaining a broader panorama of the object of study, and that through a level Descriptively, the situation is presented, which in the particular case is the importance of human capital for the success of contemporary companies in Ciudad del Este. Based on the results, it can be determined that constant training is capitalized in greater productivity of human capital, which represents greater efficiency in their daily activities. It is concluded that these companies lack adequate tools with regard to HR, and therefore do not adequately execute their efforts, however, it has been verified that they apply internal recruitment for internal vacancy, and that none of them apply a performance evaluation. to the staff, precisely because of a continuous lack of training.

Criminal capitalism: a new socio-economic formation

Abstract Criminal capitalism, fuelled mainly by drug trafficking, creates social consensus and determines a social order that plays a not-always marginal role in the fragmented social reality of the contemporary capitalist mode of production. Drug trafficking not only feeds the sophisticated machine of corruption that reaches the highest institutional spheres, but, in some regions, also represents the only form of subsistence economy. The growing importance of criminal capitalism is in large part the consequence of financial liberalisation, which has facilitated the mechanisms for the laundering and illegal investment of accumulated wealth.

THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CUSTOMS REVENUES IN THE WAEMU ZONE

In recent years, the planet has been marked by major events: immigration, terrorism, armed conflicts and above all global warming which is attracting the attention of countries around the world and those of WAEMU in particular. Global warming leads to disruptions in the functioning of production cycles. Indeed, these countries which are essentially agricultural are facing several phenomena. The impact of climate change on customs revenues in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) area refers to the effects that climate variations, such as increased temperatures, extreme weather events, rising of sea level and changes in precipitation, can have on the revenue generated by customs activities in this region. 
 Agricultural production is falling sharply. This inevitably leads to a reduction in customs revenue. Customs revenues constitute the main means of development for these countries. This question is of capital importance insofar as it obliges States to adopt new policies. They should diversify areas of production and think about transforming products in order to increase added value. Furthermore, WAEMU States would benefit from taking an increasing interest in industrialization policies in order to minimize imports which weigh heavily on the trade balance because the effects of global warming will continue to grow.

Prenatal Detection and Postnatal Outcome of Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava and Agenesis of Ductus Venosus Associated with Postnatal Bovine Aortic Arch.

Isolated agenesis of ductus venosus (ADV) is usually a benign condition, but it may be associated with cardiovascular defects, hydrops, growth restriction, and chromosomal abnormalities. Additionally, persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) and bovine aortic arch are relatively common fetal anomalies. To the author's knowledge, this is the first report of prenatal detection of DV agenesis and PLSVC associated with the postnatal bovine aortic arch with a hypoplastic transverse aortic arch. A 25-year-old, G2P1 woman was referred to our department at 31 weeks due to fetal growth restriction and short femur. On fetal echocardiography, DV could not be viewed via two-dimensional (2D) and Doppler ultrasound (US) imaging; there was also evidence of the co-occurrence of PLSVC and an aortic arch anomaly. We revealed the intrahepatic continuation of the umbilical vein. A weekly follow-up program was scheduled for the patient and the rest of the pregnancy was uneventful. Postnatal, thorax computer tomography and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) demonstrated PLSVC and bovine aortic arch associated with hypoplastic transverse aortic arch. Routine echocardiographic examinations revealed that the blood flow of the aortic arch had increased gradually, and the male infant's aortic arch had significantly widened and reached the normal range until the baby was discharged from the hospital. DV agenesis and PLSVC are usually benign conditions but underlying serious heart diseases may accompany them. Therefore, in situations like ours, a prenatal aortic arch evaluation is of capital importance. Postnatal hemodynamic changes should be taken into consideration in the management of these cases. This is the first example in the literature that these abnormalities co-existed in one case.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Food Insufficiency in Families with Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: the Role of Risk and Protective Factors.

Black and Hispanic households are at elevated risk of food insecurity and insufficiency-correlates of adverse outcomes in areas such as health and mental health-relative to White households in the USA. The COVID-19 pandemic and its economic shock threatened to further exacerbate these issues. Research has identified a number of risk and protective factors for food insecurity and insufficiency. These could relate to racial and ethnic disparities in two ways-through aggregate differences in the distribution of characteristics such as educational attainment and employment or through differences in the degree of risk or protection associated with a factor. We examined the relationship between four factors-household head age, educational attainment, single mother household composition, and employment-and disparities in food insufficiency between White, Black, and Hispanic households with children during the COVID-19 pandemic to consider these pathways. We analyzed data from the Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey using bivariate statistics, multivariable regression, and decomposition methods to understand differences in the prevalence and consequences of underlying risk and protective factors for food insufficiency in households with children. Consistent with prior literature, we documented higher rates of food insufficiency among Black and Hispanic households compared to White households. Differences in the distributions of education and employment accounted for a substantial fraction of the disparities in risk. Both the distribution and degree of risk associated with single mother household composition also related to disparities, but these differences were muted after accounting for economic resources. Much, though not all, of the relationship between the distributions of education and disparate risk of food insufficiency were also captured by differences in economic resources. This study provides insight into the structure underlying racial and ethnic disparities in food insufficiency during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the importance of human capital, income, and assets.

Creative Industries’ Entrepreneurial Success: Social Capital, Networks, and Internationalization Strategy

The purpose of this study is to explain the success factors of business ventures in creative industries. By analyzing three types of festivals in three countries through the perspectives of entrepreneurial success, internationalization, and management, the paper explains how business ventures in creative industries from developing economies mobilized key factors to succeed. The study particularly focuses on identifying the types of partners, channels, and strategies that entrepreneurs in creative industries mobilized to achieve international success. Using data from publicly available online sources to categorize important factors for success, the paper argues that social capital-based view may explain success in creative industries better than resource-based or knowledge-based views although the combination of the three perspectives is deemed necessary. Founders’ personal social capital (connections and networks) appeared particularly important for entrepreneurial success in creative industries. The importance of social capital is perceivable in national and international success and is also applicable, to some degree, to the contexts of both developing and developed economies.

FDI and Growth: A Re-look at Evidence on Developing Economies

Using cross-country data, this article investigates the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on growth in developing economies during globalisation. The study adopts an approach different from existing studies by categorising countries from Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean based on FDI growth and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) growth relationship in the two phases: 1991–2004 and 2005–2019. In a sample of 29 countries, the least-squares dummy variable (LSDV) estimation shows a significant negative between FDI and per capita GDP controlling for both country-specific and time-specific effects and various other factors including gross domestic capital formation, inflation, physical infrastructure, human capital, trade openness, financial development and governance. This study confirms the positive impact of FDI in the earlier phase, while a significant negative impact on the later phase. The observed negative relationship holds for sub-sets of the sample countries for the entire period. These results are despite the importance of human capital, infrastructure, financial development, trade openness and governance along with FDI. These developing countries thus need to formulate complementary domestic economic policies, including institutional changes, which complement foreign direct investment in promoting per capita growth. JEL: F21, F43, O11, C23

G20 Economic Growth Analysis Using VECM

This study analyzes the effect of Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF), Imports, Exports, and Government Expenditure of selected G20 member countries on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) using historical data from 1981 to 2021. The detailed analysis aims to explore the relationship between short-term and long-term causality that begins with examining and testing the degree of integration, Unit Root Test, Johansen cointegration test, and causality test. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) test results with a 95% confidence interval show that Gross Fixed Capital Formation causes Australia’s and South Africa’s long-term GDPs to have reached a balance point. In addition, Government Spending also causes the European Union’s Gross Domestic Product to achieve a balance point. Imports affect the GDP of the United States, China, and South Africa towards a balance point, and exports affect the GDP of Australia, China, and South Africa. The test results using VECM also conclude that GDP, GFCF, exports, and imports affect GDP growth in the short term. However, on the contrary, on the Australian continent, only GDP, GFCF, and imports which in the previous year had an impact on Australia’s GDP in the short term—concluded that differences in government policies in each country in regulating the economy could affect the causal relationship between the independent variable and GDP in the short and long term.