Implications For Counseling Research Articles

Range-of-Motion Predictors for Repeat Manipulation Under Anesthesia and Revision Surgery for Stiffness After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Introduction: Manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) is a first-line treatment for stiffness after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but predicting outcomes after MUA can be difficult. Purpose: We sought to determine the association between pre-MUA range-of-motion (ROM) and the risk of repeat MUA and revision in patients who underwent primary TKA. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 543 MUAs for stiffness at a single institution. Mean age was 62.5 years, and 64% were female. Second MUA or revision TKA were considered failures of treatment. Penalized logistic regression models were used to assess risk factors for failures. The Kaplan-Meier survivorship was used to examine survivorship free from second MUA or revision. Results: Before and after MUA, there was significant improvement in knee flexion (78.0° vs 112.8°, respectively) and extension (4.1° vs 0.8°, respectively); 6.4% of patients required repeat MUA and 5.3% required revision TKA. Survivorship free of second MUA was 90.9%, revision for stiffness was 92.4%, and all-cause revision was 88.2% at 2 years post-MUA. Patients with pre-MUA flexion contracture of ≥5° were more likely to undergo second MUA revision for stiffness and any revision. There were significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes postoperatively. Conclusions: This retrospective chart review suggests that MUA is an effective treatment for post-TKA stiffness, with good early survivorship, and that worse pre-MUA ROM is associated with MUA failure and need for repeat MUA or revision. This information may have implications for patient counseling and management.

Apologies, Remorse, and Amends: Empirical Legal Studies Across Domains and Disciplines

The role of apologies in law is offered as an example of a topic that cuts across legal fields, and one that is quintessentially interdisciplinary. Because apologies are an often-desired response in the wake of a wrongful act, they can be significant in many legal settings. Apologies or the lack thereof affect attributions of responsibility and blame, provide information, and alter relationships. Apologies play a role in motivating or forestalling legal action, shape settlement in civilcases, influence punishment in criminal cases, provide alternate or complementary means of accountability, and impact relations among parties to conflict from the interpersonal to the geopolitical. An understanding of apologies is enriched by research conducted by legal scholars, sociologists and psychologists, economists and political scientists, historians and linguists, and criminologists, using methods drawn from each of these fields. This range of empirical research is necessary to successfully develop a better understanding of the desire for, effects of, and limits of apologies across varied legal contexts and the implications for client counseling and legal strategy, for legal reform and systems design, for political decision making, and for procedural, restorative, and transitional justice.

Advancing the Understanding of Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 1-Related Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome: Phenotypic Insights, Favorable Response to 3,4-Diaminopyridine, and Clinical Characterization of Five New Cases

BackgroundCongenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are a group of inherited neuromuscular junction (NMJ) disorders arising from gene variants encoding diverse NMJ proteins. Recently, the VAMP1 gene, responsible for encoding the vesicle-associated membrane protein 1 (VAMP1), has been associated with CMS. MethodsThis study presents a characterization of five new individuals with VAMP1-related CMS, providing insights into the phenotype. ResultsThe individuals with VAMP1-related CMS exhibited early disease onset, presenting symptoms prenatally or during the neonatal period, alongside severe respiratory involvement and feeding difficulties. Generalized weakness at birth was a common feature, and none of the individuals achieved independent walking ability. Notably, all cases exhibited scoliosis. The clinical course remained stable, without typical exacerbations seen in other CMS types. The response to anticholinesterase inhibitors and salbutamol was only partial, but the addition of 3,4-diaminopyridine (3,4-DAP) led to significant and substantial improvements, suggesting therapeutic benefits of 3,4-DAP for managing VAMP1-related CMS symptoms. Noteworthy is the identification of the VAMP1 (NM_014231.5): c.340delA; p.Ile114SerfsTer72 as a founder variant in the Iberian Peninsula and Latin America. ConclusionsThis study contributes valuable insights into VAMP1-related CMS, emphasizing their early onset, arthrogryposis, facial and generalized weakness, respiratory involvement, and feeding difficulties. Furthermore, the potential efficacy of 3,4-DAP as a useful therapeutic option warrants further exploration. The findings have implications for clinical management and genetic counseling in affected individuals. Additional research is necessary to elucidate the long-term outcomes of VAMP1-related CMS.

The Function of Rape Myths in the Battle Over Parental Rights

The Function of Rape Myths in the Battle Over Parental Rights

Germline findings in cancer predisposing genes from a small cohort of chordoma patients

IntroductionChordoma is a rare slow-growing tumor that occurs along the length of the spinal axis and arises from primitive notochordal remnants (Stepanek et al., Am J Med Genet 75:335–336, 1998). Most chordomas are sporadic, but a small percentage of cases are due to hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) such as tuberous sclerosis 1 and 2 (TSC1/2), or constitutional variants in the gene encoding brachyury T (TBXT) (Pillay et al., Nat Genet 44:1185–1187, 2012; Yang et al., Nat Genet 41:1176–1178, 2009).PurposeThe genetic susceptibility of these tumors is not well understood; there are only a small number of studies that have performed germline genetic testing in this population.MethodsWe performed germline genetic in chordoma patients using genomic DNA extracted by blood or saliva.ConclusionWe report here a chordoma cohort of 24 families with newly found germline genetic mutations in cancer predisposing genes. We discuss implications for genetic counseling, clinical management, and universal germline genetic testing for cancer patients with solid tumors.

Coping with discrepancies: implications of career guidance and counselling for migrants’ social inclusion in Finland and Sweden

ABSTRACT Career guidance and counselling (CGC) plays an important role in the ‘egalitarian tradition’ of the Nordic countries’ perspective of education, since it aims to support all students in developing skills and knowledge to access further education and the labour market. Inspired by the critical institutionalism approach and focusing on education aimed at migrant students, this article explores the strategies that school actors implement to cope with the discrepancies between CGC policy and practice by analysing two cases: one in adult vocational education and training in Finland and the other in the Language Introduction Programme in Sweden. The ecological framework facilitates an understanding of the complex policy – practice dynamics within the local learning ecologies while also opening up a discussion on their implications for migrant students’ opportunities for social inclusion. The findings show how the shortcomings of the policy – practice relationship affect teachers’ and counsellors’ work, and how students consequently may end up relying on self and peer support.

Prenatal detection of mosaicism for a genome wide uniparental disomy cell line in a cohort of patients: Implications and outcomes.

To investigate the prenatal detection rate of mosaicism by SNP microarray analysis, in which an individual has not one, but two, complete genomes (sets of DNA) in their body, a normal biparental line with a Genome Wide Uniparental Disomy (GWUPD) cell line was used. This study retrospectively examines the prenatal detection of GWUPD in a cohort of ∼90,000 prenatal specimens and ∼20,000 products of conceptions (POCs) that were studied by SNP microarray. In total, 25 cases of GWUPD were detected; 16 cases were detected prenatally with GWUPD (∼0.018%) and 9 POCs revealed GWUPD (0.045%). The nine POC specimens presented with placental abnormalities. The 12 amniotic fluid specimens were ascertained because of abnormal ultrasound findings. Nine of 12 pregnancies had findings consistent with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome or because of abnormal placentas. However, three pregnancies were detected with GWUPD of maternal origin, with less common findings and demonstrated maternal origin. Four other pregnancies showed GWUPD in a chorionic villus sample, but normal findings in amniotic fluid and apparently normal fetal development. This cohort with GWUPD mosaicism expands our understanding of GWUPD and has implications for prenatal care and counseling. Additional studies are necessary to understand the rarer maternal GWUPD.

Disruptive Behaviour and Its Influence on Social Development of Students in Selected Secondary Schools: Implications for Counsellors in the Bamenda Ii Sub-Division North West Region

This study sought to examine the impact of parental control, home environment and counselling services on social development of students in secondary schools in Bamenda II Sub-Division. The sample was constituted of 215 students drawn from three secondary schools in Mezam Division. The purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to select the form five, lower and upper sixth students of the selected schools. Six counsellors in these schools were included in the sample. Three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted the disruptive survey design. A 15 item questionnaire was used to collect data. Percentages were used to calculate the raw score while chi square was used in testing the hypotheses, while the level of significance was set at p-0.05. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between home environment and students’ social development, there is a significant relationship between parental control and students' social development, and there is a significant relationship between counsellors' activities and students' social development. Based on these findings, some recommendations were made to students, teachers, counsellors, parents and school authorities on how to help improve on students' behaviour. Finally, some suggestions were made for further studies to be carried out in similar situations deemed necessary.

Habakkuk 2:4 Implications in Biblical Counseling

Habakkuk 2:4 Implications in Biblical Counseling

기본심리욕구 불만족과 우울의 관계

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mediating effect of Fear of Missing Out(FoMO) on the relationship between basic psychological needs dissatisfaction and depression. In addition, the adjusted effectiveness model was tested to ensure that moderate uncoditional self-acceptance in the medium path produces an adjustment effect through the FoMO with basic psychological needs dissatisfaction. First, the basic psychological needs dissatisfaction was predicted depression through FoMO, thus supporting the mediation effect of FoMO. Second, unconditional self-acceptance significantly moderated the link between basic psychological needs dissatisfaction and FoMO. Third, The moderated mediating effect of unconditional self-acceptance was significant in the path that basic psychological needs dissatisfaction leads to depression through FoMO. Based on these findings, the counseling intervention plan and implications for future research were suggested.

Broadening the Phenotype and Genotype Spectrum of Glycogen Storage Disease by Unraveling Novel Variants in an Iranian Patient Cohort.

Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are a group of rare inherited metabolic disorders characterized by clinical, locus, and allele heterogeneity. This study aims to investigate the phenotype and genotype spectrum of GSDs in a cohort of 14 families from Iran using whole-exome sequencing (WES) and variant analysis. WES was performed on 14 patients clinically suspected of GSDs. Variant analysis was performed to identify genetic variants associated with GSDs. A total of 13 variants were identified, including six novel variants, and seven previously reported pathogenic variants in genes such as AGL, G6PC, GAA, PYGL, PYGM, GBE1, SLC37A4, and PHKA2. Most types of GSDs observed in the cohort were associated with hepatomegaly, which was the most common clinical presentation. This study provides valuable insights into the phenotype and genotype spectrum of GSDs in a cohort of Iranian patients. The identification of novel variants adds to the growing body of knowledge regarding the genetic landscape of GSDs and has implications for genetic counseling and future therapeutic interventions. The diverse nature of GSDs underscores the need for comprehensive genetic testing methods to improve diagnostic accuracy. Continued research in this field will enhance our understanding of GSDs, ultimately leading to improved management and outcomes for individuals affected by these rare metabolic disorders.

Adolescents’ Contraceptive Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Premarital Sex: Educational and Counselling Implications

The quest for abstinence has made the dissemination of information on contraceptives to be sporadic. This study investigated the relationship between knowledge of contraceptive and attitudes towards premarital sex among senior high school students in Asante Akim North district of Ghana. The study sample comprised 365 students selected from two senior high schools in the district, 11 teenage mothers and six pregnant teenagers. The questionnaire and a semi-structured interview guide were the main tools for data collection. After cleansing the data, 361 responses were used for the quantitative data analyses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the quantitative analyses, and thematic analysis used for the qualitative analyses. The study findings revealed that respondents’ knowledge of modern, and natural contraceptives significantly and negatively predicted the variance of attitude toward pre-marital sex (β = -0.15, p < 0.05), and (β = -0.09, p < 0.05) respectively. However, respondents’ knowledge on emergency contraceptive significantly and positively predicted the variance of attitude toward pre-marital sex (β = 0.19, p < 0.05). The study concluded that although a good contraceptive knowledge is needed to promote chastity and also protect adolescents from unwanted pregnancies and other health-related issues, contraceptives must be made available for the youth. The study recommends to heads of the institutions, school counsellors as well as parents to provide adolescents with information on contraceptives to enable them make right decisions whenever they decide to engage in premarital sex.

Impact of body image and perceived stigmatization on the psychological wellbeing of obese women in Kumasi metropolis, Ghana.

Obesity is found to have a significant impact on body image perception and overall well-being. This study examines the impact of body image and perceived stigmatization on the psychological wellbeing of obese women in Kumasi metropolis, Ghana. A sample of 231 obese women was selected from health shops and some fitness centers using snowballing technique (purposive, snowballing technique and convenience). The study employed the descriptive survey design and made use of both descriptive and inferential data analysis approaches. The body shape questionnaire BSQ-34, the inventory of the Stigmatization Situation (SSI) and finally, the psychological well-being tools were used. Also, frequency distributions mean, and standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient and simple linear regression analysis were employed using SPSS version 23. Our findings indicated that obese women in the Kumasi metropolis were significantly satisfied with their body image. This is a true reflection of their higher self-esteem and standard of living. The body image and perceived stigmatization on the psychological wellbeing of the obese do have some counselling implications. Counselors, nutritionists, and clinical psychologists address specific schemes such as binge eating, dieting, and exercising to build the self-esteem of obese women.

In Vitro Functional Analysis Can Aid Precision Diagnostics of HNF1B-MODY

Precision medicine relies on accurate and consistent classification of sequence variants. A correct diagnosis of HNF1B-MODY, caused by pathogenic variants in the HNF1B gene, is important for optimal disease management and prognosis, and has implications for genetic counseling and follow-up of at-risk family members. In the present study, the hypothesis is that the functional characterization could provide valuable information to assist the interpretation of pathogenicity of HNF1B variants. Using different in vitro functional assays, seven variants were analyzed identified among 313 individuals suspected to have monogenic diabetes with or without kidney disease. The data from the functional assays were subsequently conjugated with obtained clinical, biochemical, and in silico data. Two variants (p.A167P, p.H336Pfs*22) showed severe loss-of-function due to impaired transactivation, reduced DNA binding (p.A167P), and mRNA instability (p.A167P). While both these variant carriers were diagnosed with diabetes, the p.H336Pfs*22 carrier also had congenital absence of a kidney, which is a characteristic HNF1B-MODY trait. Functional analysis of the p.A167P variant revealed damaging effects on HNF-1B protein function, which may warrant imaging of the kidneys and/or pancreas. In addition, the current study has generated important data, including evidence supporting the benign functional impact of five variants (p.D82N, p.T88A, p.N394D, p.V458G and p.T544A), and piloting new approaches that will prove critical for the growth of HNF1B-diabetes diagnosis.

Assessing social determinants of mental health: Client experiences and counselor practices

AbstractIncreasing socioeconomic challenges and their impacts on mental health support the importance of assessing clients’ social determinants of mental health (SDMH) challenges. We examined counseling clients’ (N = 390) experiences with SDMH assessment in counseling using the Client Perceptions of SDMH Assessment Scale (CP‐SDMH). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a three‐factor structure for the CP‐SDMH. Results suggest potential biases in SDMH assessment practices. Clients reported that SDMH assessment most often occurred verbally and in relation to health and economic issues. Disparities emerged, indicating higher assessment frequency for Black/African American clients compared to White clients, and lower SDMH assessment rates for clients in specific settings, such as private practices. Furthermore, results indicate a significant positive correlation between assessment of SDMH challenges and client satisfaction. Implications for counseling and future research are discussed.

University students’ future time perspective and career adaptability: The mediating role of grit

AbstractWithin the larger framework of career construction theory, the present study investigated how future time perspective is related to career adaptability and whether grit may play a mediating role in this relationship. A sample of 483 university students (Mage = 20.03, 92.3% women) filled in scales measuring future time perspective dimensions (i.e., connectedness, value, extension, and speed), grit, and career adaptability comprised in an online survey. Findings showed that career adaptability was positively associated with connectedness and extension, and negatively associated with speed future time dimension. Further, grit was positively linked to career adaptability. In addition, grit mediated the relationships of future time dimensions with career adaptability. Results are discussed in terms of educational and counseling implications regarding university students’ future career construction in academic settings.

Genotype–phenotype correlation in PRKN-associated Parkinson’s disease

Bi-allelic pathogenic variants in PRKN are the most common cause of autosomal recessive Parkinson’s disease (PD). 647 patients with PRKN-PD were included in this international study. The pathogenic variants present were characterised and investigated for their effect on phenotype. Clinical features and progression of PRKN-PD was also assessed. Among 133 variants in index cases (n = 582), there were 58 (43.6%) structural variants, 34 (25.6%) missense, 20 (15%) frameshift, 10 splice site (7.5%%), 9 (6.8%) nonsense and 2 (1.5%) indels. The most frequent variant overall was an exon 3 deletion (n = 145, 12.3%), followed by the p.R275W substitution (n = 117, 10%). Exon3, RING0 protein domain and the ubiquitin-like protein domain were mutational hotspots with 31%, 35.4% and 31.7% of index cases presenting mutations in these regions respectively. The presence of a frameshift or structural variant was associated with a 3.4 ± 1.6 years or a 4.7 ± 1.6 years earlier age at onset of PRKN-PD respectively (p < 0.05). Furthermore, variants located in the N-terminus of the protein, a region enriched with frameshift variants, were associated with an earlier age at onset. The phenotype of PRKN-PD was characterised by slow motor progression, preserved cognition, an excellent motor response to levodopa therapy and later development of motor complications compared to early-onset PD. Non-motor symptoms were however common in PRKN-PD. Our findings on the relationship between the type of variant in PRKN and the phenotype of the disease may have implications for both genetic counselling and the design of precision clinical trials.

Understanding prolonged grief from an existential counseling perspective

AbstractIn this article, we examine prolonged grief through an existential theoretical lens. In particular, we critically compare criteria for prolonged grief disorder with existential theoretical principles, including existential phenomenology, existential relatedness, and existential givens of human existence: death anxiety, existential freedom, existential isolation, and existential meaning/meaninglessness. We explore how existential perspectives and principles provide a clinically useful explanation for the presence and etiology of many of the symptoms of prolonged grief. We also describe counseling implications for treating prolonged grief phenomenologically, relationally, and through the lens of the four existential givens.

Young adults’ career goal management: The mediating role of perceived employability and career adaptability

The present study examined the career goal management strategies of Italian young adults. Based on the dual-process framework of goal management, assimilation and accommodation, which are considered adaptive personal resources, were hypothesized to be associated with young adults’ career goal engagement and career goal disengagement. Perceived employability and career adaptability were also hypothesized to play a mediating role in these associations. A two-time study was carried out among Italian university students ( N = 294). The results confirmed that assimilation was positively associated with career goal engagement and perceived employability mediated this relationship. Additionally, assimilation was found to be negatively associated with career goal disengagement, whereas accommodation was positively associated with career goal disengagement. These findings have implications in career counseling and university programs related to young adults’ university-to-work transitions.

People in Ecuador and the United States conceptualize compassion differently: The role of avoided negative affect.

Even people from frequently studied cultural contexts differ in how they conceptualize compassion, partly because of differences in how much they want to avoid feeling negative. To broaden this past work, we include participants from an understudied cultural context and start to examine the process through which culture shapes compassion. Based on ethnographic and empirical studies that include Ecuadorians, we predicted that Ecuadorians would want to avoid feeling negative less compared to U.S. Americans. Furthermore, we hypothesized that because of these differences in avoided negative affect, compared to U.S. Americans, for Ecuadorians, a compassionate response would contain more emotion sharing, which in turn would be associated with conceptualizing a compassionate face as one that mirrors sadness more and expresses happiness (e.g., a kind smile) less. Using a reverse correlation task, participants in the United States and Ecuador selected the stimuli that most resembled a compassionate face. They also reported how much they wanted to avoid feeling negative and described what a compassionate response would entail. As predicted, compared to U.S. Americans, Ecuadorians wanted to avoid feeling negative less, they conceptualized a compassionate response as one that focused more on emotion sharing, and visualized a compassionate face as one that contained more sadness and less happiness. Furthermore, exploratory analyses suggest that wanting to avoid feeling negative and conceptualizations of a compassionate response as emotion sharing partly sequentially explained the cultural differences in conceptualizations of a compassionate face. What people regard as compassionate differs across cultures, which has important implications for cross-cultural counseling. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).