Implementation Of Management Decisions Research Articles

Гражданские финансы

The article highlights the experience of civic participation in state and municipal management and financial aspects of civic self-organization in different countries of the world. The main forms of cofinancing projects by the population or collecting interest-free loans through civil mutual assistance are determined. Russian practices of financial participation of citizens in the implementation of projects of common interest are identified: co-financing of initiative budgeting projects, practices of self-taxation of citizens, co-financing of projects in the implementation of certain state programs and national projects, as well as co-financing of projects on crowdfunding platforms. Based on the analysis and review of scientific literature, the conclusion was made about the need to define and describe a new phenomenon in the field of public finance — "civil finance", which refers to financial resources and relations between citizens themselves and between citizens and state institutions in the process of implementing management decisions that affect the interests of urban and rural residents.

ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ УПРАВЛІНСЬКОГО РІШЕННЯ ЩОДО АСОРТИМЕНТНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ІЗ ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МАТЕМАТИЧНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ В УМОВАХ РИЗИКУ

Increasing the efficiency of functioning and development of any enterprise is possible if modern management methods are used, in particular in the field of assortment management. Assortment management should be understood as the field of activity, the purpose of which is to ensure the competitiveness of the enterprise and its sustainable development by means of forming and optimizing the assortment of products. It was determined that the development of recommendations for the adoption and implementation of management decisions in the field of assortment policy of the enterprise based on optimization and modeling is an urgent issue today. In view of this, the aim of the study is to optimization of the management decision regarding the assortment policy of the enterprise using mathematical modeling under conditions of risk. Based on the results of the research, the article proposed a mathematical model and based on it, a management decision was formed regarding the optimization of the company's assortment policy, which is based on the functional relationship between the parameter of the structural level of the optimal assortment and a set of economic values (parameters, criteria), that ensure the effective commodity circulation of the enterprise in conditions of risk. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the improvement of the economic-mathematical model of planning and regulation of commodity circulation of the enterprise, which is based on the assessment of the elasticity coefficient of product sales and the optimization criterion, that takes into account an expanded set of economic parameters. In this model, unlike the existing ones, two variants of the coefficient of elasticity of product sales are proposed: by price and by profit. The appropriate approach allows to reduce the possibility of risks of inaccurate and inadequate results in the context of the assortment policy of the enterprise. It is advisable to conduct further research in the direction of studying practical issues regarding the formation and use of the competitive potential of the enterprise in conditions of risk

МОДЕЛІ ТА МЕТОДИ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ УПРАВЛІНСЬКИХ РІШЕНЬ У МЕНЕДЖМЕНТІ

The activity and development of any enterprise is directly related to the conditions, as well as to the development, adoption and implementation of management decisions (or business decisions) aimed at solving a certain management problem. It was determined that the research of conditions and methods of making rational decisions in management, including the optimization of business decisions, is a relevant issue today. With this in mind, in the article presents the models and methods of making managerial decisions in management based on the research results. It is noted that the management decision under conditions of risk and/or uncertainty should be understood as the choice of the most effective business solution option from possible alternatives under conditions of risk and/or uncertainty, and the main goal of the management decision is to achievement of enterprise goals. At the same time, it was found that in conditions of complete uncertainty, the criteria for making business decisions are important, in particular, the criterion related to the result and the costs of resources and time incurred to obtain this result. It was concluded that rational managerial decisions in management are determined in the process of optimization. It is advisable to carry out further research in the direction of determining the optimal allocation of resources in conditions of uncertainty and risk, taking into account the models and methods of making business decisions in management for the purpose of enterprise development, taking into account the result, process, stability, quality and effective management.

Визначення сутності корпоративної інтеграції у векторі розвитку корпоративного управління

The study is dedicated to determining the essence of corporate integration in the vector of corporate governance development, in particular, foreign and domestic research on the essence and processes of corporate integration in the vector of corporate governance development was thoroughly summarized and the basic principles of corporate integration process management were substantiated. In our research, we came to the view that integration can be represented in dynamics as a process, and in statics as a state, the result of a process. For all the multitude of types of integration, we came to the conclusion that they come down to two options depending on the subject composition of the participants: territorial (interstate, interregional) integration; production integration. The conducted research made it possible to identify within the currents and schools of economic theory different directions for the study of integration activity, which is explained by the complexity, multi-component and interdependence of the components of the phenomenon under study. Also, our analysis of literary sources revealed the absence of a universal approach both to the phenomenon of corporate integration and to its typology. Therefore, its essence and process were considered within the framework of the neoclassical direction, institutional economic theory, from the standpoint of the structural-functional approach and the global economic approach. Today, there is an approach that examines integration processes in two areas: international economic relations and organizational and economic relations at the level of individual organizations. Depending on the direction of corporate integration, the main types of merger and acquisition agreements were highlighted. In the study, according to the level of centralization of functions, two main organizational and economic forms of a corporate association were highlighted and schematically presented: an international corporation and an international strategic alliance. We also considered the management characteristics of the classification of integration associations from several different aspects: level of integration; goals of integration; form of ownership; field of activity; geographic coverage. We have described in detail the forms of international corporations, such as national associations, syndicates, trusts, concerns, and conglomerates, since these forms are a rigid and long-term type of association of companies. It was determined that each of the considered organizational and economic forms can be formed by various methods, which we presented in the author's classification of methods of formation of organizational and economic forms of international corporate integration. It was determined that management of corporate integration processes requires justification, adoption and implementation of management decisions. These decisions are determined by various factors: strategic orientation; new competitive advantages and competencies; interaction with other subjects of economic relations. These parameters affect the development and implementation of management solutions in the field of corporate integration. The article identifies several widely used methods of managing corporate integration processes that help ensure a successful merger or acquisition of companies: strategic planning; project management; involvement of key stakeholders; cultural integration; effective communication. Therefore, the choice of necessary and effective management methods depends on specific circumstances, strategic goals and features of corporate integration. It is recommended to choose those methods that are best suited to achieve successful integration of companies, in particular, they can be combined.

Open Government mechanisms as a way to increase openness, accountability and anti-corruption in Russia

The article is devoted to the analysis of the need for openness, transparency, accountability of government bodies, as well for the dialogue between society and the state regarding the implementation of management decisions. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the relationship between the level of openness and the efficiency of public administration, supporting anti-corruption, including on the basis of foreign experience. The empirical basis of the research is the mechanism of "open government" that was implemented in 2011 in more than 70 countries including Russia, and analyzed by the author. The result of the research is the preparation of a methodological and organizational model for evaluating and carrying out international and new initiatives that have been successfully implemented in the field of public administration.

РИЗИК-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ В СИСТЕМІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В УМОВАХ НЕВИЗНАЧЕНОСТІ

The article examines the role of risk management in the system of ensuring the sustainable development of the enterprise in uncertain conditions. The increasing uncertainty of doing business has resulted in the need to develop and implement effective tools to ensure the protection of the enterprise from various types of risks. The purpose of the article is to provide a summary of the theoretical and methodological advancements in enterprise risk management in uncertain conditions to ensure its sustainable development. Scientific approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the concepts "risk" and "risk management" are summarized and an author's approach to their interpretation is proposed. It is determined that risk management is a dynamic process, the effectiveness of which depends on the speed of response to changes in market conditions, the financial condition and economic situation of the management object. The sequence of stages of enterprise risk management is validated. In particular, the accumulation of information about the situation; diagnosis of the current situation; development of alternative options for management solutions; management decision-making; implementation of management decisions. The prerequisites for ensuring effective risk management of enterprise are defined. To ensure sustainable development, the common features inherent in all models of the enterprise's risk management system are determined. It is proposed to limit the risk at each stage of development of the risk situation. It was established that the effectiveness of risk management is directly related to the reasonableness of choosing a set of measures to prevent and/or minimize risk. Proposals are developed to improve the efficiency of enterprise risk management in conditions of rapid change of environmental factors. It is concluded that in a rapidly changing external environment, the determining prerequisites for ensuring the sustainable development of domestic enterprises are the integration of the risk management system into the overall management system of the enterprise and the formation of the correct perception of risk in its managers.

ЗАГАЛЬНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ХАРАКТЕРНІ АСПЕКТИ DIGITAL-ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ СФЕРИ HR-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ

The article is devoted to the problem of identifying general trends and determining the most important aspects of digital transformation in the field of HR management in modern realities. It has been established that digitalization, due to the use of the latest software, the most advanced information technology solutions, provides opportunities in the optimization of business processes, the implementation of radical changes in the improvement of the organizational structure, in models and methods of management, centers for the adoption and implementation of management decisions. It has been established that in today's world the digital skills of employees are becoming critically important, as a result of which a systematic rethinking and large-scale revision of the requirements for specialists is taking place. At the same time, the latest approaches to the implementation of HR management processes cause a significant technological transformation, which requires an increase in the level of digital competence of HR managers. It has been argued that digitization consists not only in the use of digital technologies, but, first of all, in changing the way of thinking, the content of corporate culture, management style and methods, the system and approaches to encouraging employees, and in the introduction of modern progressive models. At the same time, it involves the integration of digital technologies in all areas of business, which leads to certain qualitative, and sometimes even fundamental changes in the functioning of the business entity. Strategic guidelines for the formation of an effective personnel management system during large-scale digitalization are outlined. The currently most widespread digital technologies used in the field of HR management have been identified. It has been proven that the implementation of modern digital HR technologies by organizations not only provides them with significant opportunities and competitive advantages, but can also create a number of risks and have certain significant disadvantages. Established trends in the HR field that influence processes related to the formation of a personnel management strategy. Prospective improvements from the implementation of the latest digital HR technologies by organizations have been identified.

ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-АНАЛІТИЧНА СИСТЕМА ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

At the heart of security activities are the processes of obtaining and using information for making and implementing management decisions. The current stage is characterized by increasingly active use of digital technologies, which make it possible to speed up work with information resources, which creates new opportunities for security subjects. The use of such opportunities requires a review of the principles of formation and development of relevant information systems. The current focus exclusively on accounting information does not allow creating the necessary information basis for making management decisions, in particular due to the limited consideration of the influence of external factors. The study involves consideration of the theoretical basis and development of practical recommendations for the creation of an information and analytical system for ensuring the economic security. In order to develop a theoretical basis for improving the information and analytical system of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise, the following methods were applied: induction and deduction, comparison and systematization – in the study of the essential characteristics of the terms "information" and "information and analytical support"; synthesis and analysis – when characterizing the information and analytical subsystems of the information and analytical provision of economic security of the enterprise; morphological analysis – to clarify the procedure for obtaining and processing information within the process of meeting the information needs of security subjects; abstract-logical – for theoretical generalizations and research conclusions. Consideration of the essence of the concept of "information" and a further critical review of existing approaches to information and analytical support allowed to substantiate the author's position regarding the principles of formation and improvement of the information and analytical system for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise. The key points of the author's position are the need to implant such a system in the information and analytical support of enterprise management for a more rational use of resources in relation to obtaining, checking, processing, addressing and storing data in relation to meeting the information needs of security subjects, based on the nature of changes in the external and the internal environment, which may indicate real or potential impact on security due to the realization of a threat or the emergence of new opportunities for development.

Labour market and employment in the post-pandemic reality: Fault lines and vectors of development (review of the 6th St Petersburg International Labour Forum)

The article is an analysis of the results of academic events held within the framework of the 6th St Petersburg International Labour Forum, held on March 14–18, 2022.The attention of the forum participants was focused on changes in the functioning of the labour market and new forms of employment in the post-pandemic period. The new socio-economic reality brought to life by the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, which are associated with the breakdown of traditional economic and social ties in conditions of isolation and migration restrictions, has significantly changed the sphere of work. This requires prompt decisions to restore employment, to introduce new forms of employment, to analyze the impact of modern types of work and the changed conditions of its implementation on labour relations and the quality of life of the population. To implement the solutions found, it is necessary to change legislation in various spheres of public life, change the ways of implementing management decisions and, in general, changes in state policy on the labour market and in the field of employment. Within the framework of the Forum, recommendations were developed on more than 50 sites for public authorities, businesses, educational organizations, and the scientific community on improving the functioning of the labour market and its adaptation to new postandemic conditions, including on improving labour legislation and legislation regulating economic activity, on improving law enforcement practice in this area, on accounting the impact of digitalization on various areas of public life, including to protect against interference by foreign companies in the digital sphere, under a reasonable restriction on the use of social networks for commercial purposes. Special attention was paid to informal employment and measures to control its expansion. Priority directions of scientific research in the field under consideration, as well as measures to improve the quality of management activities are proposed.

ROLE AND PLACE OF CORPORATE SECTOR IN THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN ECONOMY

The article notes the role and place of corporate formations in the strategic development of national economies. The essence and meaning of the concept corporation are researched. The differences between corporations and joint-stock companies are considered. Characterized features, functions, components and classification of corporations are described. The corporation, with its institutionalization of domestic economic relations, rigidity of the procedures for making and implementation of managerial decisions, with the simultaneous mechanism of limiting the freedom of action of managers – from the point of view of information specialization, is sufficiently perfect structure. It is necessary to distinguish the basic functions of the corporation: social, economic, technological, innovative and institutional. It was determined that the main feature of the corporate form of ownership is inner duality objectively inherent to it, i.e., it arises, functions and develops simultaneously: on the one hand, as the property of shareholders (private), and on the other – joint stock company as a whole (collective). The possibility of purposeful and effective behavior of the corporation is largely determined by this. It also determines those organizational advantages that can enhance its ability to use the most rational (definite, consistent) process of making decision for implementing the most effective market strategies. It was conclusion that for further perspective the development of corporations will enable to increase the efficiency of the Ukrainian economy both at micro and macro levels: to restore the stock market of Ukraine; to increase the capitalization of domestic companies; to strengthen the role of professional managers; to increase the competitiveness of products at domestic enterprises.

THE ESSENCE AND EVOLUTION OF STRATEGIC BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

The article examines the theoretical foundations of strategic enterprise management, the evolution of strategic management, the essence, critical approaches, and principles of strategic enterprise management. It is noted that the term «strategy» was first used by A. Chandler in 1962 and the term «strategic management» by I. Ansoff in 1965. The evolution of strategic planning was studied. I. Ansoff identified four stages of strategic management development, in particular: Stage I – reactive (Chandlerian) adaptation, Stage II – strategic planning, Stage III – management of strategic opportunities, and Stage IV – management of problems on a real-time scale. Namely: Stage I – budgeting and control, Stage II – long-term planning, Stage III – strategic planning, and Stage IV – strategic market management. The strategies of the school were analyzed, which were analyzed in detail in the work of H. Mintzberg, B. Ahlstrand, and J. Lempel. These schools can be grouped according to the nature of research into three groups in the following group: Group I – includes three schools: design, planning, and positioning; II group – consists of six schools: entrepreneurial, cognitive (cognitive), school of education, power (force), culture and external environment; III group – includes one school: configurations. The article analyzes the existing definitions of the essence of the concept of «strategic management», which means the processes of making managerial decisions or sets of decisions; management process; action model; management of the organization based on human potential, etc. The author’s definition of strategic management has been formulated, which should be understood as the specific processes of making and implementing management decisions regarding the formation and implementation of a strategy with the targeted achievement of established goals, which are based on an objective assessment of the external and internal conditions of the enterprise’s functioning.

Modern Regional Information and Analytical Centres: Structural and Functional Features

The purpose of the article is to reveal the structural and functional features of regional information and analytical centres of the 21st century and outline the tasks and direction of their activities in the context of making effective management decisions. Research methodology. Logical, system-structural, and comparative methods were applied to summarise the theoretical and methodological principles and identify the content of the regional information-analytical centre's activities, as well as consider it as a system, i.e. integrity, consisting of subsystems and elements of different levels that are functionally interdependent. Methods of system analysis and synthesis has been used to clarify the role and place of information and analytical centres in the system of state, private, and public structures. Scientific novelty. The structure, functions, tasks and direction of work of regional information and analytical centres were studied; the concept of organising the activity of the regional information and analytical centre, which includes a system of principles, implementation strategy, directions of information and analytical work and criteria for evaluating its effectiveness, is considered. Conclusions. The basis for the activity of modern regional information and analytical centres is the processing of actual data with elements of forecasting. It is positioned as an effective tool for transforming intuitive concepts into a logical category, developing optimal management solutions, summarising disparate data, researching non-obvious processes in socio-economic and political life, research activities, with the aim of obtaining qualitatively new information as a result of the generalisation of materials that were not systematised and accepted for processing. The prospects for the development of information and analytical centres at the regional level directly depend on the described below tasks. The creation of a single information space for each region of the country aims to provide official and additional information at the regional and municipal level to ensure monitoring of socio-economic processes, forecasting the situation, adoption and implementation of management decisions by state authorities and local self-government. Formation, updating and systematisation of databases of integrated information funds about situations in the region in relation to the creation of the Central repository of the regional information system is aimed to monitor and find the situation in the region. It also implements the information and analytical system of monitoring, analysis, and evaluation of the development of the region, provides analysis and evaluation of the development of the territory in comparison with the development indicators of other regions. Keywords: regional information and analytical centre, structure, functions, management decisions.

Non-profit organizations and their networking

Aim. The presented study aims to analyze the current state and development trends of socially oriented non-profit organizations at the regional level and to summarize the innovative practice of interaction between public administration, the business, and the population in solving the problems of social development. Tasks. The authors assess the importance of non-profit organizations in solving the problems of socio-economic development; analyze the quantitative characteristics of non-profit organizations in Russia at the national and regional levels (through the example of the Perm region); highlight the specific features of socially oriented non-profit organizations; provide recommendations for the development of non-profit organizations in the context of solving common problems of socio-economic development. Methods. This study uses the methods of analysis and synthesis, graphical interpretation of statistics, and approaches to implementing management decisions of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation associated with supporting the development of non-profit organizations. Results. In the context of crisis development, which has been manifesting systematically over the past few years, it is necessary to mobilize additional resources in order to solve urgent problems of public policy. One such resource that is not fully used in Russia is non-profit organizations, particularly socially oriented non-profit organizations. Statistics show that they are numerous and widespread in all regions of the Russian Federation. Since their activities are focused on solving socially significant tasks, they should be more actively involved in the implementation of various state programs, which, in turn, would justify government support for the activities of these organizations. The most successful can partially self-finance through the implementation of business networking, which is inherent, for example, in professional sports clubs. Therefore, government support for them should be expanded not only in terms of providing traditional financial, administrative, legal, and other assistance, but also from the perspective of the government creating favorable institutional conditions for the formation and development of networking between non-profit organizations. Conclusions. The conducted study shows a promising outlook for the development of socially oriented non-profit organizations in the Russian Federation in terms of completing the main objectives of state policy. The results of the analysis of trends in the development of these organizations through the example of the Perm region can be useful in the innovative practice of interaction between stakeholders in solving problems of social development throughout the country. The efficiency of business networking with the participation of government bodies, the business, and the population, which is forming around large socially oriented non-profit organizations, can serve as a basis for the development of new conceptual solutions related to the development of society from the strategic perspective.

Organisational Sustainability Management Principles

The objective of the article is to substantiate and implement an approach to designing the principles of sustainability management of organisations and their associations, which ensures digitalisation of these principles and their structuring regarding levels of management, as well as between adjacent links in the logistics chain.The research used methods of classification, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction as research methods, and binary matrices formed based on classification features and their dichotomies, which make it possible to increase the objectivity of the results obtained, as a tool.The article substantiates the possibility of designing organisation management principles based on their actual qualitative features of principles and dichotomies with further formation of binary matrices that allow for digitalisation of management principles and their structuring regarding levels of organisation management, as well as between adjacent links of the logistics chain; develops an ordered set of principles for organisational sustainability management with justification for their quantity and quality; proves the compliance of the developed management principles with the goals and objectives developed by the United Nations in 2015.The implementation of the obtained results will reduce the lost profit of organisations and their associations, the time and costs for preparation and implementation of management decisions, will respond in a timely manner to the unique requirements of end consumers, and will also ensure that the parameters and characteristics of the internal environment of organisations and their associations correspond to the nature, duration, and volatility of environmental factors.The suggested approaches and solutions, being sufficiently universal, can refer to full extent, to transport and logistics organisations and associations, as well as to all participants in supply chain, and are particularly relevant with the account for accelerated adoption of digital technology in transport and logistics activities.

Development and implementation of a concept for substitution of the highly hazardous substances with safe chemical alternatives

Introduction. The concept of chemical substitution is now increasingly included in policy and regulatory efforts around the world to reduce the risks of chemicals to human health and the environment, as well as in industry initiatives for the sustainable management of chemicals. With the exception of conventional substances regulated by EEC documents, unfortunately, there is no legislatively established mechanism for identifying, banning and limiting the production and consumption of highly hazardous chemical compounds in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the research is to develop and scientifically substantiate the concept of replacing highly hazardous chemicals with safer alternatives. Materials and methods. The guidelines and recommendations of the OECD, WHO, ILO, FAO, UNEP, as well as regulatory and methodological documents of the EU, the USA, Canada and other states on the criteria for classifying substances as highly hazardous, organizing and monitoring them in environmental objects and selection of safe chemical alternatives were studied and analyzed. Results. The concept of substitution includes the scientific substantiation of the criteria for classifying substances as highly hazardous, the organization and generalization of data from monitoring the human environment and the circulation of hazardous chemical products on the market, the development of a list of highly hazardous chemicals that are priority for regulation; selection of safe alternatives and their comparative analysis, taking into account the assessment of the advantages of the alternative over the existing technology/substance, implementation of management decisions. The criteria for identifying substances of highly concern and selecting their alternatives are the following indicators: biological activity (carcinogens, mutagens, reprotoxicants class 1A and 1B in accordance with GHS, endocrine disruptors); stability in the environment; bioaccumulative potential; the possibility of cross-media transfer; aquatic toxicity (acute and chronic toxicity of hazard class 1 in accordance with GHS); production volumes (volumes of emissions and discharges); number of contacts. Conclusion. The analysis of the international practice of regulating highly hazardous chemicals indicates the need to implement at the national level and within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union a program for the systematic monitoring of high-risk chemicals circulating on the market in order to withdraw them from circulation and replace them with safe analogues. Implementation of the concept of replacing highly hazardous substances with safe chemical alternatives allows to create a draft national list of banned and restricted highly hazardous chemicals relevant to various industries (food, materials, basic chemistry).

METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES OF SOCIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS MANAGEMENT

The article considers socio-labor relations as a complex of economic, social, political, legal, socio-cultural, psychological and administrative methods and norms aimed at the effective inclusion and adequate reproduction of the workforce in the labor process on a market basis. Management of social and labor relations is a complex of relations between employees and employers, formed on the basis of market demand, supply and price of labor. It is noted that managerial activity is one of the oldest manifestations of social relations and social interaction of people. It is directly related to inequality in all its manifestations, which requires certain organizational actions, the implementation of conscious decisions, certain volitional efforts. And this leads to the emergence of an appropriate field for management-subordination relations, that is, the basic relations of managerial activity. It is substantiated that the decisive role in the management of social and labor relations belongs to the state, which guarantees citizens a free choice of types of labor activity, promotes employment and employment of workers in accordance with their education and qualifications, abilities and vocations, as well as the real needs and requirements of employers for the quality of employees and the state of the market labor "Management-subordination" relationships can be manifested in any form: voluntary or forced, desired or forced, internal or external, development of managerial decisions and their implementation in practical activities.
 It is emphasized that there are ongoing disputes among specialists regarding the relationship between the categories of "management", "leadership" and "management". Sometimes they are used as synonyms. The article determines that the current state of the theory and practice of management requires the development of new methodological approaches regarding various aspects of management, social mechanisms for making and implementing management decisions, features of management in various types of social organizations, criteria for the effectiveness of management activities, etc. Specialists pay attention to the diversity and variety of existing management approaches: "pulsating management", "innovative management", "transformative management", "self-management", "anti-crisis management", etc.

Investment mechanism in agricultural enterprises during war

The article analyzes the state of investment activity of agricultural enterprises during a full-scale war. In today's conditions, the complexity of the process of investment activity development of agricultural enterprises boils down, on the one hand, to the need to ensure their financial stability, and on the other hand, to consider a significant number of factors that ensure the investment attractiveness of a particular enterprise and stimulate the attraction of investment resources from external sources in the post-war period. Active investment activity of agricultural enterprises includes not only accelerated reproduction and development of the material and technical base, but also the expansion of its innovative component. To a large extent, this process depends on the approval and implementation by the owners of enterprises of successful investment projects, which are based on information about the financial attractiveness of investing in certain objects and technological methods. This indicates the need for improving methodological approaches, practical recommendations, and mechanisms for preparing and implementing management decisions in the field of investment activities of agricultural enterprises. Therefore, the system of investment attractiveness management is complex because to change the situation of an enterprise that has been formed under the influence of a set of factors for a certain period of time, a significant toolkit for influencing its financial and economic system must be involved. It is important to emphasize that the process of increasing investment attractiveness should be continuous because the successful implementation of measures to increase investment attractiveness results not only in the activation of investment processes but also in the growth of management system efficiency, level of profitability, and implementation of progressive business planning and budgeting systems. Keywords: investment climate, investment activity, investing, investment intensity, agricultural enterprise.

IMPROVING THE METHODS OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT OF THE RESTAURANT CHAIN

The aim of the article is to study the issues that determine the relationship between the management function and its instrumental apparatus to improve the efficiency of enterprises in the field of catering. Methodology. The management system used and inherent in the network of restaurants in Vinnytsia is investigated in order to identify their effectiveness and determine their strengths and weaknesses. The article analyzes the relationships in the team, which form the basis of personnel management at restaurant business enterprises, because in the conditions of constant socio-economic changes and dynamic development of market relations, the need for effective and professional management personnel is growing. Socio-economic approaches to improving the efficiency of personnel management in the food industry are considered. According to the results of the study, it was found that the implementation of management decisions is influenced by the following factors: material and resource base, training and strategy of the company's management, and the key role is played by the support of the staff. What is the motivational component and what is the main purpose of motivation, psychophysical, personal, professional and material motivators of the behavior of employees of the restaurant chain, as well as the main types of motivation and forms of their stimulation are determined. Practical implications. The main methods of improving the efficiency of personnel management are proposed, taking into account the concepts of corporate culture, leadership development and the use of positive features of the organizational structure of the network. It is argued that employees should be given the opportunity to acquire new skills and move up the hierarchical structure of the restaurant, along with the implementation of incentive motivation policy. This will significantly reduce the outflow of personnel from the enterprise and ensure its effective functioning. Value / originality. The essence of the personnel management system, which is inherent in the network of restaurants in Vinnytsia "Faini spravy" and has a systemic nature, is substantiated, and it is established that the restaurants of this chain need constant improvement of personnel in order to continue to keep pace with modern market challenges. The company should also reduce the costs and time spent on the search for new personnel. To do this, it is necessary to establish closer ties with colleges and universities in Ukraine.

The regional system of health risk management in a subject of the Russian Federation

Introduction. The article discusses the main organizational and methodological aspects, as well as the stages and results of the creation and functioning of a regional system for managing public health risks posed by adverse environmental factors based on the results of socio-hygienic monitoring. Objective. To elaborate and implement organizational and methodological approaches to developing a regional health risk management system that is adequate to modern threats and challenges to the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population based on the example of the Sverdlovsk Region and using data of socio-hygienic (public health) monitoring. Materials and methods. Public health monitoring data collected in 89 towns of the Sverdlovsk Region were used to do the cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analyses of public health risk management measures. Results. Priority tasks and measures for securing sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population are substantiated annually at the regional, municipal, and business entity levels based on the results of a system analysis and using risk assessment techniques. Public health monitoring is the foundation for the created regional system of public health risk management that provides information and analytical support for managerial decision-making. Conclusions. The established priority directions for ensuring sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population have been used to plan targeted programs and budgets of the activities of federal and local government authorities and to inform the population. Based on the findings, we demonstrate the economic efficiency and social effectiveness of achieving key performance indicators on ensuring sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing, reducing health risks, and increasing life expectancy by all management entities. We also propose strategic tasks for the development of the public health monitoring system and implementation of managerial decisions.

INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL MANAGEMENT AS EDUCATIONAL THEORY AND PRACTICE

The article considers innovative pedagogical management as a means of transforming pedagogical systems into a qualitatively new state, as a tool for building a new, more prosperous and developed society as a whole. The main changes that every manager needs to make if he wants his educational institution to be able to fully realize its potential are outlined.
 Innovative pedagogical management involves solving two interrelated tasks: first, the management of technological, organizational and economic innovations; secondly, managing the process of development and distribution of new highly effective pedagogical technologies, new methods, techniques and tools of teaching, education and personal development. Its characteristic features are systemic, collegiality, democracy, flexibility in the preparation, adoption and implementation of management decisions and more.
 In today's dynamic environment, the long-term effectiveness of the educational institution is increasingly dependent on targeted changes that are continuous, affecting the mode of its operation by the management of controlled adjustments to preset statistical indicators. To achieve recognition and satisfaction of students, parents, the public, the head of a modern educational institution must not only create a functioning system that works in a certain, consistently repetitive mode, but also be able to update it and thus bring it into dynamic balance or harmony with changing environments.
 The authors study the process of creating and using educational innovations, emphasizing the importance of translating it from spontaneous to purposeful, planned. It is shown that the main directions and tasks of innovative management should be considered: development and implementation of a unified innovation policy; defining a system of strategies, projects, programs; resource provision and control over the course of innovation activity; training and education of teachers; formation of target teams, groups that implement solutions to innovation projects, creating an innovation environment.
 The content of innovative pedagogical management in the educational institution involves, firstly, a targeted policy on the organization of education based on new information technologies in traditional educational institutions, and secondly, the development of new types of organizational structures, institutional forms characteristic of modern education. Formation and development of the system of innovative pedagogical management is evolutionary in nature and is achieved through the coordinated actions of the entire teaching staff.