Implementation Of Investment Projects Research Articles

СТРАТЕГІЧНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЮ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ З ПЕРЕРОБКИ ТВЕРДИХ ПОБУТОВИХ ВІДХОДІВ

The article demonstrates that Ukraine faces significant challenges in the management of solid household waste. These issues include the absence of a clear waste disposal strategy and insufficient attention to environmental safety. Most landfills in Ukraine fail to meet safety standards and environmental norms, posing a threat to the surrounding environment. Effective resolution of these problems involves the implementation of advanced solid household waste processing technologies and the improvement of waste management systems to ensure sustainable resource utilization and reduce negative environmental impact. The prospects for the development of enterprises involved in solid household waste processing are discussed, including societal awareness of environmental pollution issues and the need for protection, legislative initiatives aimed at reducing waste volumes, and technological progress enabling the creation of new products from recycled waste while minimizing environmental impact. It is argued that the development of this sector can stimulate investments and contribute to the creation of new jobs in the environmental economy. It is argued that effective strategic management of investment activities in enterprises dealing with solid household waste processing is a crucial factor in their successful development and achieving competitive advantage in the market. It is demonstrated that based on the analysis of the enterprise’s needs and opportunities, an investment strategy should be developed to align with strategic goals and enhance its competitiveness. This strategy involves optimal resource utilization to ensure sustainable development and maximize financial results. The main stages of developing and implementing the investment management strategy in enterprises dealing with solid household waste processing include market and needs analysis, selection of investment directions, evaluation of investment projects, development of an investment plan, implementation of investment projects, monitoring and control, evaluation of results, and strategy adjustment. It is proposed that for maximum effectiveness, these stages of the strategy should be implemented comprehensively.

PECULIARITIES OF INVESTMENT LEGAL RELATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AT THE PRESENT STAGE

This article deals with the specifics of investment legal relations in the Russian Federation at the present stage. Public relations regulated by the norms of investment law should be considered an investment legal relationship, the participants of which have a certain amount of rights and obligations protected and protected by the state. The characteristic features and peculiarities of investment legal relations are determined. It is revealed that investment relations need to develop new legal mechanisms to solve the tasks set by the state in the field of investment policy. In this regard, the State is constantly expanding the base of normative legal acts that regulate the sphere of investments and investment activities to some extent. Investment relations arise on the basis of a contract. The variety of such agreements is great: concession agreements and agreements on public-private partnership, agreements on the implementation of investment projects, life cycle contracts, etc. In other words the concept of “investment relations” is intended to conditionally unite various social relations which are also regulated by various branches of legislation.

Threats to economic security from the implementation of derivative investment projects in the field of protection of transport infrastructure facilities

Subject. The article addresses economic relations between investors and other entities involved in the protection of transport infrastructure facilities. Objectives. The aim is to identify new threats to economic security from the implementation of derivative investment projects in the field of protection of transport infrastructure facilities. Methods. The research employs systems approach, logical and comparative analysis, induction and deduction. The information base of the study rests on open data from Rosavtodor, Rosmorrechflot, Roszheldor, Rosaviation, accounting statements provided by enterprises and organizations, and materials on the results of analytical surveys of transport security workers conducted by Finnauchprosvet Association, in which more than 1,000 people participated. Results. The existence of derivative investment projects in the field of protection of transport infrastructure facilities and vehicles from acts of unlawful interference is indirectly confirmed at facilities for protection of public roads, marine and river transport. Investments in human capital in the context of formation and implementation of derivative investment projects in areas where the share of human resources exceeds 90% are absolutely ineffective and carry the risks of multiplying negative consequences from the implementation of derivative investment projects. A potentially effective measure to deter threats to economic security from the implementation of derivative investment projects in the field of object protection is a significant increase in the cost of control by the State and business. Conclusions. The sphere of protection of transport infrastructure facilities is not ready to expand due to unresolved problems of formation and development of derivative investment projects. The expansion process will entail a serious increase in threats to economic security. Based on the findings, public policy measures can be developed to ensure transport security from the perspective of economic security threats.

Implementation of large-scale investment projects with state participation under sanctions

Implementation of large-scale investment projects with state participation under sanctions

Methodological provision of analysis of the efficiency of investment activities of enterprises

The paper is devoted to the disclosure of the main provisions of methodological support for the analysis of the investment activity of enterprises and practical recommendations on the use of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of investment projects for decision-making. Making investment decisions is based on the use of various formalized and informal methods and models, taking into account the following factors: changes in the value of money over time; alternative value of resources; cash flows generated by the project; uncertainty and risk; inflation, price changes and currency exchange rate fluctuations; investment goals and investor psychology; possible changes in project parameters; synergies between investment projects of the enterprise. When forming the list of monitoring indicators, those aspects of the business entity's investment activity that are most important for owners, investors and management organizers were highlighted. It is proposed to form a system of performance indicators of the enterprise's investment activity in accordance with the sphere of investment: production, marketing, technology, organization. The principles of investment activity analysis and recommendations on the procedures for analyzing the effectiveness of project implementation have been formed, the choice of which depends on the management goals aimed at achieving a stable cash flow and ensuring the financial stability of the enterprise. The essential characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the existing approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects are revealed. A system of indicators and criteria for the analysis of the effectiveness of investment activities of indicators characterizing the effectiveness of investments depending on the sphere of investment of funds: production, marketing, technology, organization are proposed. Recommendations for choosing a specific method for evaluating the effectiveness of investment projects in the context of achieving the priority goal - maximizing project profitability, risk acceptability and investors' interests are substantiated.

Prospects for Strengthening Economic Relations Between Cities and Rural Areas (According to the Results of the Survey of Agricultural Producers)

An urgent scientific and practical task is to develop ties and strengthen cooperation between cities and rural areas. Agricultural producers are one of the key participants in such cooperation in the economic sphere. In this regard, it is advisable to take their opinion into account when determining prospects, developing measures and tools for the development of rural-urban relations. The article is devoted to the substantiation of promising directions for the development of economic relations between cities and rural territories based on the results of a survey of heads of agricultural organizations and farms of the Vologda Region. It is established that the most relevant and promising, according to agricultural producers, areas of development of rural-urban relations, cooperation are agriculture and agriculture in general, as well as the field of education. It has been revealed that the main links between agricultural organizations and firms, organizations, institutions located in cities are: conducting laboratory research in urban institutions; training and advanced training of employees of agricultural organizations in educational institutions of cities; marketing of agricultural products to processing enterprises, shops, retail chains of cities and buying from urban enterprises of raw materials, materials, equipment needed in agricultural production; implementation of joint investment projects. The directions of strengthening and development of rural-urban relations in the mentioned directions are proposed.

РОЛЬ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВА ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ В РАЗВИТИИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ СЕВЕРНАЯ ОСЕТИЯ – АЛАНИЯ

The scientific article examines the role of investment projects in the development of the regional economy, as well as the prospects for the implementation of priority and breakthrough investment projects in the territory of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania. The authors examine the main investment projects being implemented on the territory of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, evaluate priority projects, determine the role of priority and breakthrough projects in the development of the regional economy of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, as well as the main prospects for their implementation. The subject of the study is the relationships that arise during the implementation of investment projects on the territory of the republic. The purpose of the scientific article is to establish the role in the development of investment activity through the prism of the implementation of investment projects. The relevance of the topic of this scientific article lies in the fact that investments serve as a trigger for the strategic development of the regional economy.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА УПРАВЛІННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНО-ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИМ ПОРТФЕЛЕМ В УМОВАХ ПЕРЕТВОРЕННЯ КОМПАНІЇ В ХОЛДИНГОВУ СТРУКТУРУ

The domestic economy, successfully integrated into world market relations, strives to take a leading position in modern world economic relations. The high dynamics of economic and political transformations of the legislative and executive power of our state has a stimulating effect on the activities of economic entities of the national economy. Fast-growing enterprises and companies of various forms of ownership and size are faced with the problem of finding further ways to improve the efficiency of their activities. One of these ways is the transition to innovative development factors. This path involves the development, development and use of a set of product (new products) and process (new technologies) innovations. Creativity of management allows to ensure economic adaptability of the company's management system to rapidly changing conditions of market relations. As a result of changes in the external conditions of business entities, it is the creative team of managers who are able to create a complex of non-standard management solutions for the company and successfully implement these solutions in the process of its development. Such a set of solutions, for example, may contain organizational changes in the company structure or business processes being implemented, redistribution of product and financial flows, development and implementation of investment projects, as well as various combinations of potentially possible elements of a set of management solutions. In order to obtain profit and achieve positive results from investment in innovation, modern organizations create innovation investment portfolios that reduce the risk of losing invested funds. The creation of an innovation-investment portfolio is connected with the selection of the most optimal objects of investment in innovation, that is, the implementation of innovation-investment activities. In order to evaluate the innovation and investment portfolio, various methods are used, in addition, the selection of the optimal option for the creation and regulation of the innovation and investment portfolio is carried out, as well as the analysis of potential risks that the organization will face.

Модели оценки и классификации региональных инвестиционных проектов, реализуемых в рамках концессионных соглашений

Imposed wide-ranging sanctions require stricter control over the use of budget funds in order to increase the return on investment and minimise the risks of inappropriate spending. Thus, regional development based on the implementation of investment projects with public participation through concession agreements becomes particularly important. The article considers the construction of classification models for the assessment of such projects to identify high-risk concession agreements. State customers can use these models to make informed decisions when choosing a contractor and to improve the efficiency of public property management. For an objective assessment of the integrity of contractors based on financial and other factors, the study used screening models and built-in tools of the SPARK information and analytical system, as well as the methods of descriptive analysis of big data, machine learning and the nearest neighbours approach for clustering regional investment projects according to the risk of improper execution of concession agreements. The presented approach was tested on 1248 regional investment projects implemented through concession agreements. As a result, the research identified two clusters: projects with low risk (83.8 %) and high risk (16.2 %) of improper performance of obligations by the concessionaire. To assess the models’ accuracy and sensitivity to outliers, the confusion matrix and Spearman’s coefficient were utilised, which showed a sufficiently high accuracy of the resulting classification. The constructed models can be used for selecting regional investment projects, as well as for monitoring implemented projects in order to identify potential risks of their non-completion and timely take necessary response measures.

Інвестиційний потенціал туристичної галузі України в системі стратегічного управління його розвитком

The article is devoted to the disclosure and substantiation of the theoretical foundations of the formation and development of the investment potential of the tourism industry of Ukraine, as well as the identifi-cation of factors of the investment strategy for attracting investments in this industry. It is substantiated that, depending on the sources of formation, the investment potential should be divided into internal and external, where the external investment potential is the possibility of investing in the development of enterprise by external investors who are interested in the financial stability and solvency of the enter-prise, whether the project will be able to make a profit, and if not, whether they will be able to return their invested funds; the internal investment potential is an opportunity to invest temporarily free funds to make a profit or achieve another useful effect in the future, both in the development of own produc-tion and in other projects (in this case, the company becomes an external investor). It is determined that, taking into account modern realities, the domestic tourism industry should mainly focus on attracting foreign investment, and the issues of their attraction to the tourism industry should be considered com-prehensively, taking into account the main factors of the investment strategy. It is substantiated that the structure of the motivational mechanism for attracting foreign investment includes regulatory, legal, economic and organizational factors, which are supplemented by the following: partial unification of the legislative framework with other countries; decentralization of executive power at the regional and local levels; creation of tourism clusters based on innovative projects; creation of special economic zones in the relevant territories with preferential conditions for investors; reduction of bureaucratic delays in the implementation of investment projects, especially innovative ones; cooperation between the State au-thorities and local self-government.

Economic assessment of investment projects of energy-saving technologies

The article examines the influence of the conditions for the implementation of investment projects on the level of energy consumption of industrial enterprises, as well as the amount of economic benefits received in production, and proposes an economic assessment of the efficiency of iron ore products. As an economic criterion for assessing the effectiveness of energy-saving measures, indicators were calculated that reflect the price of energy saving in relation to investment and operating costs. The practice of assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of investment projects to reduce the energy intensity of production shows that in the process of their control and operational management, priority should be given to natural indicators, and at the current stage of long-term planning – to cost indicators. An improved methodology for assessing the implementation of energy-saving technical solutions based on natural indicators is proposed. To do this, it is necessary to express the volume of production of natural units directly as a function f of the total amount of energy consumed in production (direct and embodied) and calculate the additional volume of production that can be obtained from saved energy resources during the implementation of the project, as well as the additional volume of production obtained in the basic version due to additional investments. The «given» volumes of industrial production are compared with each other. The criterion for evaluating energy saving measures using natural indicators is the minimum value of total energy costs according to the option, per unit of the given production volume. The economic assessment of energy-saving technologies is based on the calculation of changes (savings) in the following indicators: direct costs, integral costs and integral effect, calculated on the basis of indicators characterizing the amount of total energy resource savings in relation to investment and operating costs. In turn, this makes it possible to calculate the minimum volumes of energy resource savings required to ensure the effectiveness of an investment project at a given energy tariff.

Моделирование инвестиций в техническое обновление и рост ESG-рейтинга компаний

The subject of the study is the accelerated technical and economic development of Russia in order to achieve national goals, which requires the creation of a special mechanism for the formation and implementation of investment projects within the framework of public administration. Simultaneously with technical, technological and economic development, the requirements of the green economy must be fulfilled, which are specified using ESG criteria. The aim of the work is to improve the rating of companies through effective investments while simultaneously implementing projects aimed at technical infrastructure renovation. The result of the work was the creation of an economic and mathematical model that allows you to choose projects aimed at increasing the ESG rating of companies and implementing technical updates, including import substitution with domestic analogues or the implementation of technical and technological innovations. Based on an overview of a wide range of methods and algorithms for finding solutions to an optimal set of projects within the framework of a mathematical programming model with Boolean variables, it is proposed to use a modification of the Faure and Malgrange method, the algorithm of which is given in the text of the article. The conclusions are drawn that the generated model and the given algorithm are a flexible tool that allows you to obtain a set of projects that require minimal investment within the limits of restrictions on the indicators of technical renewal of the company and the values of ESG criteria for different companies and using a different number of criteria.

МЕТОДИКА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ФИНАНСОВОГО ИНСТРУМЕНТАРИЯ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ КОНЦЕССИОННОГО МЕХАНИЗМА

In this article, the authors consider some methodological approaches to the formation of financial instruments for investment projects. The paper reflects the current problems of the development of concession agreements in our country, indicates the need to intensify the involvement of private capital in investment projects using the concession mechanism. One of the ways to attract private investors may be the development of a methodology for the formation of financial instruments for investment projects. Through the prism of the provisions of the legislation on concession agreements, as well as as a result of the analysis of the opinions of scientists, experts and practitioners on existing methods of financing projects using the concession mechanism, the author’s methodological recommendations on the formation of financial instruments for investment projects are presented. The methodological approaches presented in the paper can be used by all interested parties in the process of preparing and implementing investment projects using the concession mechanism.

ADAPTABILITY OF INVESTMENT POLICY IN UKRAINE DURING THE PANDEMIC

Background . This article provides a comprehensive view of investment activities in the country, which have undergone significant changes due to the global crisis caused by COVID-19. The article offers an in-depth analysis of the current state of investment policy, identifies the main problems and challenges faced by Ukraine, and proposes strategic directions for overcoming them. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of existing investment policy mechanisms and to develop recommendations for their optimization, taking into account the needs of the country during the pandemic. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the adaptability of public administration to rapidly changing conditions and its ability to respond to new challenges. Methods . The research methods include a wide range of analytical approaches: from empirical analysis to SWOT analysis, which allows assessing the strengths and weaknesses of investment policy, as well as identifying opportunities and threats facing Ukraine. Comparative analysis helps to understand Ukraine's position at the international level, and the graphical method visualizes key trends and indicators. Results . The research results emphasize that the pandemic has introduced adjustments not only to economic processes but also to the way investments are managed. It has been found that insufficient legal support, high levels of corruption, bureaucracy, and ineffective interaction between government bodies create obstacles to attracting investments and implementing investment projects. The recommendations formulated based on the research include the need to restore infrastructure damaged by the pandemic, support innovative projects that can become drivers of economic growth, and develop key sectors of the economy, particularly the agricultural sector, IT industry, and manufacturing sectors. Emphasis is also placed on the importance of attracting international financing and investments, which can contribute to the rapid recovery of the economy. Conclusions . The conclusions summarize that the adaptability of investment policy is a key factor in ensuring the stability and development of Ukraine during the pandemic. The necessity of integrating the best global practices, creating a favorable investment climate, and ensuring effective interaction between all subjects of the investment process, including government bodies, the private sector, and international institutions, is emphasized. It is noted that only a comprehensive approach and joint efforts of all interested parties can ensure the successful overcoming of the challenges posed by the pandemic and create a strong foundation for the country's future prosperity.

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННО-СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ

The article discusses issues of efficiency in managing investment and construction projects, optimal use of resources, innovation and minimizing financial risks. The need for comprehensive analysis and effective management for sustainable development of enterprises and technological optimization is emphasized. Efficiency is characterized as a key element in achieving set goals. The table presents the main characteristics of investment performance, quantitative and qualitative aspects, the relationship between invested resources and achieved results, methods for identifying and minimizing risks in design and construction activities. The article summarizes the factors influencing the effectiveness of the implementation of investment and construction projects and their impact on the activities of the organization. The impact of digitalization and modern construction methods on project performance through competent management, the use of technological innovations, strategic planning, effective budgeting, resource allocation and risk management is summarized.

Основные направления российско-индонезийского экономического взаимодействия на современном этапе

The article is devoted to the analysis of the main directions of Russian-Indonesian economic cooperation in the context of Western sanctions against Russia. The author analyzes the current state and prospects of this cooperation in three main areas: tourism, investment and trade. It is noted that Western sanctions have undoubtedly had a detrimental effect on the interaction of the two countries in the trade and investment spheres, although even before their introduction the situation was far from ideal, which especially concerned Russian investment projects in Indonesia, which were practically marking time. The lack of implementation of serious investment projects does not contribute to the development of bilateral trade, in which the mutual interest of the parties, with the exception of only a few trade items, is actually minimal. The greatest progress in bilateral economic relations is observed in the field of tourism, which was facilitated by Western sanctions, which actually cut off the Russian tourist flow from traditional European destinations.

Макроэкономические тенденции развития Дальнего Востока России в первой половине 2024 г.

Based on operational statistical, analytical and expert information, an analysis of the economic and social situation in the Far Eastern Federal District in the first half of 2024 is carried out in comparison with 2022–2023. It is shown that while instability and contradictory development trends in certain sectors of the economy persist, a sharp decline in the macroeconomic context is not observed. The output index of basic economic activities shows positive dynamics, but the active growth rate has slowed down. This does not currently allow us to talk about a stable phase of economic growth. The formation of growth rates in the industry of the Far Eastern Federal District was positively influenced by an increase in mining production for the main raw materials, an increase in the production of aviation and engineering products, certain types of non-metallic mineral products, and prefabricated wooden building structures. The positive dynamics and growth of investments in fixed assets were associated with the implementation of large investment projects in the field of railway and port infrastructure, mining, and manufacturing. There is a high level of inflation despite tight monetary policy. Consumer demand continues to expand in certain categories due to the growth of real incomes of the population

Application of the controlling mechanism and sustainable development principles in the implementation of construction projects

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to ensure sustainable functioning of construction enterprises by increasing the efficiency of investment projects through the use of controlling mechanisms and application of the ESG concept. As a result of the research, the interrelation of project implementation processes by management phases was analyzed, problems in terms of control of investment and construction projects were identified and directions for improving the control mechanism with the application of the ESG concept were proposed. The purpose and main result of the study is to develop measures to improve the methods of control over the timing of implementation of investment and construction projects, taking into account compliance with the principles of the ESG concept.

Державна інвестиційна політика в контексті обліку й оподаткування установ фінансово-кредитної та бюджетної сфер

The article determines that the significant growth of interest in the management of the process of generating profits and the use of investment resources in the field of implementation of investment and innovation projects and programs testifies to the special importance of investment operations as the main source of financial stability and further development of economic entities. It is substantiated that institutions of the financial, credit and budget sphere can use various forms of State regulation of investment activity, in particular, the most used of them are: management of State investments, regulation of the conditions of investment activity, as well as control over the order of its implementation, which is carried out by all investors and participants in investment activity. It has been proven that for domestic banks, investment activity is primarily a tool for asset diversification, a means of maintaining liquidity and a source of profit generation. This, in turn, requires the implementation of a balanced State policy based on a complex of tax and financial stimulation methods. It is defined that, in contrast to the financial and credit sphere, in the budget sector, investment activity, accounting and taxation of investment transactions is a rather specific direction. Focusing on the basic concept of investment formulated in the legislative field, methods of reproduction of investments in the budget process are systematized and it is proved that the State bodies can manage the State investments, in particular financial ones, and this allows the accountant of a budget institution to correctly reflect economic transactions in accounting and prepare financial statements, properly comply with tax discipline. This made it possible to allocate a significant feature for budget planning, which is expressed in the fact that the use of fund and financial instruments in the budget process will not act as the implementation of the budget institution's estimate for capital expenditures.

ПРОЄКТНЕ ФІНАНСУВАННЯ В УМОВАХ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ “UKRAINE FACILITY PLAN”

In the context of the extensive destruction Ukraine has suffered as a result of the war, there is an acute shortage of funds for economic recovery. The assessment of damage, losses, and needs for the reconstruction and rebuilding of Ukraine is reflected in the updated World Bank report - Third Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA3). The key tasks and goals for Ukraine's economic development are outlined in the Ukraine Facility Plan. Given this, the organizational, legal, and financial aspects of interaction with potential investors require greater attention in the implementation of the priorities set out in the Ukraine Facility Plan. This article is dedicated to studying the mechanism of project financing in Ukraine in the context of implementing the comprehensive economic development plan - Ukraine Facility Plan. It reveals the features of organizing the financing of projects with significant investments in the real sector of the economy. The article provides a list of organizations responsible for the development and implementation of the "Ukraine Facility Plan" at national and territorial levels, as well as those facilitating interaction with foreign investors. A list of contentious issues related to the imperfections of the current financial and legal mechanism, which may lead to potential conflicts of interest and risks in the process of interaction between participants in the investment process in Ukraine, is defined. Attention is drawn to the need to intensify work on supporting foreign investments at the state and regional levels. Given the high level of business risk in Ukraine, the mechanism for assessing and distributing risks among project participants requires greater attention. Based on the study of existing legislation, it is concluded that financial risks are the primary types of risks in the implementation of projects with significant investments in Ukraine. A list of World Bank Group instruments that can be used to protect the interests of investors in the implementation of large-scale investment projects in Ukraine is presented.