Implementation Of Technique Research Articles

Review of Microwave Near-Field Sensing and Imaging Devices in Medical Applications.

Microwaves can safely and non-destructively illuminate and penetrate dielectric materials, making them an attractive solution for various medical tasks, including detection, diagnosis, classification, and monitoring. Their inherent electromagnetic properties, portability, cost-effectiveness, and the growth in computing capabilities have encouraged the development of numerous microwave sensing and imaging systems in the medical field, with the potential to complement or even replace current gold-standard methods. This review aims to provide a comprehensive update on the latest advances in medical applications of microwaves, particularly focusing on the near-field ones working within the 1-15 GHz frequency range. It specifically examines significant strides in the development of clinical devices for brain stroke diagnosis and classification, breast cancer screening, and continuous blood glucose monitoring. The technical implementation and algorithmic aspects of prototypes and devices are discussed in detail, including the transceiver systems, radiating elements (such as antennas and sensors), and the imaging algorithms. Additionally, it provides an overview of other promising cutting-edge microwave medical applications, such as knee injuries and colon polyps detection, torso scanning and image-based monitoring of thermal therapy intervention. Finally, the review discusses the challenges of achieving clinical engagement with microwave-based technologies and explores future perspectives.

Water body extraction from high spatial resolution remote sensing images based on enhanced U-Net and multi-scale information fusion

Employing deep learning techniques for the semantic segmentation of remote sensing images has emerged as a prevalent approach for acquiring information about water bodies. Yet, current models frequently fall short in accurately extracting water bodies from high-resolution remote sensing images, as these images often present intricate details of terrestrial objects and complex backgrounds. Vegetation, shadows, and other objects close to water boundaries have increased similarity to water bodies. Moreover, water bodies in high-resolution images have different boundary complexities, shapes, and sizes. This situation makes it somewhat challenging to accurately distinguish water bodies in high-resolution images. To overcome these difficulties, this paper presents a novel network model named EU-Net, specifically designed to extract water bodies from high-resolution remote sensing images. The proposed EU-Net model, with U-net as the backbone network, incorporates improved residual connections and attention mechanisms, and designs multi-scale dilated convolution and multi-scale feature fusion modules to enhance water body extraction performance in complex scenarios. Specifically, in the proposed model, improved residual connections are introduced to enable the learning of more complex features; the attention mechanism is employed to improve the model's discriminative ability by focusing on important channels and spatial areas. The implemented multi-scale dilated convolution technique enhances the model's receptive field while maintaining the same number of parameters. The designed multi-scale feature fusion module is capable of processing both small-scale details and large-scale structures in images, while simultaneously modeling the spatial context relationships of features at different scales. Experimental results validate the superior performance of EU-Net in accurately identifying water bodies from high-resolution remote sensing images, outperforming current models in terms of water extraction accuracy.

Analisis Program Badan Layanan Umum Daerah (BLUD) Sekolah Menegah Kejuruan (SMK) Dalam Mewujudkan Layanan Pemerintah Daerah Yang Good Corporate Governance (GCG)

The Regional Government, in supporting education reform for better quality and optimality within its units of authority, established the Regional Public Service Agency Program (BLUD) which can be understood as a system implemented by a technical implementation unit of regional agencies/agencies in providing services to the community, and has flexibility in financial management as an exception to regional financial management provisions in general. In line with the Directorate of Vocational High School Development (SMK) in seeking SMK as a school with BLUD status, this can support the management of goods and services whose superior products can manage the production process in the Teaching Factory Program (TEFA) more flexibly without violating regulations (Fazli, 2022). Implementing the Teaching Factory (TEFA) in the form of goods and services for vocational school students is expected to align with the objectives of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) Regional Government Services, namely good management to support the BLUD Vocational School Program in schools. In conducting this research the author used a descriptive qualitative research method approach.

Generative Artificial Intelligence: Analyzing Its Future Applications in Additive Manufacturing

New developments in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly finding their way into industrial areas such as additive manufacturing (AM). Generative AI (GAI) applications in particular offer interesting possibilities here, for example, to generate texts, images or computer codes with the help of algorithms and to integrate these as useful supports in various AM processes. This paper examines the opportunities that GAI offers specifically for additive manufacturing. There are currently relatively few publications that deal with the topic of GAI in AM. Much of the information has only been published in preprints. There, the focus has been on algorithms for Natural Language Processing (NLP), Large Language Models (LLMs) and generative adversarial networks (GANs). This summarised presentation of the state of the art of GAI in AM is new and the link to specific use cases is this first comprehensive case study on GAI in AM processes. Building on this, three specific use cases are then developed in which generative AI tools are used to optimise AM processes. Finally, a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis is carried out on the general possibilities of GAI, which forms the basis for an in-depth discussion on the sensible use of GAI tools in AM. The key findings of this work are that GAI can be integrated into AM processes as a useful support, making these processes faster and more creative, as well as to make the process information digitally recordable and usable. This current and future potential, as well as the technical implementation of GAI into AM, is also presented and explained visually. It is also shown where the use of generative AI tools can be useful and where current or future potential risks may arise.

Influence of Strategy Implementation Practice on Organizational Performance of Ngos in Nairobi County

Strategic implementation practices in the nonprofit sector are the same as in the for-profit sector. Some potential benefits that could be realized by a non-governmental organization (NGO) as a result of implementing strategic management practices include improved decision-making, enhanced organizational performance, greater clarity of purpose, and better alignment between the organization's activities and its goals. NGOs in Kenya are facing challenges as a result of the dynamic environment. This therefore calls for evaluation of strategic implementation practices and further implement. The study aimed to assess the influence of strategic implementation practices on the performance of NGOs in Nairobi County. Specifically the objective was to examine the influence of strategy implementation on the performance of Non-Governmental Organizations in Nairobi County. The study employed a descriptive research design. From the population of 1881 NGO registered in Nairobi County, a sample of 100 NGOs were selected using stratified random sampling technique to select strategic managers from each NGOs within Nairobi County to participate in the study. Primary data were collected using a combination of closed-ended and open-ended questionnaires. The data was then processed so that the responses could be classified into distinct sets. The information obtained was primarily quantitative. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The investigator was able to explain the data and quantify its utility thanks to descriptive statistical tools like SPSS and Microsoft Excel. The data was displayed visually in the form of tables and figures. The study outcome revealed an existing positive and significant correlation between Strategy Implementation Practice and the performance of NGOs in Nairobi County. This proves that, when Strategy Implementation Practice is enhanced, the performance of NGOs in Nairobi County also greatly improves. The study therefore recommended that, Managers in non-governmental organizations (NGOs) should improve their organizations' performance through strategic implementation practice if they focus on fostering a culture of shared vision, cooperation, and empowerment. The study also recommended that top executives learn more about the link between strategy implementation and strategic management techniques in order to boost the efficiency of NGOs in Nairobi County.

Cultivating consumer resilience: understanding and navigating adolescents’ responses to intrusive advertising

Purpose The purpose of this study is to show that as technologies expand the personalization capabilities of advertisers and that intrusive ad formats online and in mobile contexts raise privacy and control concerns, this emerging area requires better understanding. Design/methodology/approach The model tests antecedents and outcomes of advertising intrusion based on surveys of 170 respondents and structural equation modeling. Personalized mobile ads, privacy concerns and perceived vulnerability heighten intrusion, leading to resistance behaviors like avoiding ads and negative brand attitudes. Findings The findings offer several practical implications for marketers targeting youth to balance relevance with transparency in personalized communications to avoid irritation that damages brand perceptions and relationships. The authors believe the article contributes uniquely to the literature at the intersection of interactive marketing technologies, privacy concerns and adolescent consumers – an impactful yet understudied demographic. The rigorous methodology also advances knowledge of advertising intrusion phenomena. Research limitations/implications As with all research, it is important to recognize the limitations of this work that can be taken advantage of in future avenues of research. Firstly, the authors did not consider demographic variables, such as gender, and psychographic variables (lifestyle, personality, etc.), as factors that may influence advertising intrusiveness. Secondly, the authors limited the consequences of intrusion to the variable resistance over time, since several consequences can be studied in this context. Further investigations may remedy those limitations by integrating additional variables into the models, as well as resistance proxies. Besides, a new path for research would consider a breakdown of the age range of teenagers, i.e. the beginning, the middle and the late teenage years. Practical implications The discoveries from this study have significant implications for marketers and organization. The authors therefore recommend that companies commit to creating value through personalization and implement techniques to reduce consumers’ privacy concerns “personalizing mobile advertising involves several important aspects including choosing the right target market, sending users relevant and wanted information and creating personalized advertising contents” (Wang et al., 2019). One way forward, in an environment that will be even more connected in the future, is for companies to request only the data that is relevant and necessary for the smooth running of their business and to integrate privacy practices into their operations. Originality/value This research can contribute to the development of a theory on the role of advertising intrusion in shaping adolescent behavior. The research model has enabled us to deduce the impact of personalization on the perception of an advertising intrusion, providing us with information on the importance of elements provided by the company, such as the importance of the characteristics and beliefs of the adolescent consumer, i.e. perceived privacy concerns and risks, in deciding whether or not to participate in personalization. The conclusions of the study therefore highlight the need for companies to adapt their marketing strategy to remain consistent with new expectations, i.e. to conceive personalization and privacy as two consubstantial issues.

Chinese expert consensus on radiofrequency therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease 2024

ObjectiveRadiofrequency (RF) therapy is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). During the procedure, electrodes are meticulously inserted into the lower esophageal sphincter and cardiac muscle through a gastroscope. By applying heat at various layers and sites around the gastroesophageal junction, the treatment intends to augment the junction's pressure and reduce tissue compliance. This process may also desensitize the esophagus, thereby preventing reflux and relieving symptoms. RF therapy boasts a high success rate and a low risk of adverse effects, making it an increasingly popular choice. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding its indications, contraindications, and the evaluation processes for pre- and postoperative care. To enhance the precision of patient selection and the technical execution of RF therapy, it is imperative to consolidate and standardize its clinical application in China. This will ensure the therapy's safety and efficacy are optimized. MethodsBetween December 2022 and April 2024, a group of 25 Chinese endoscopists, each with experience in over 50 radiotherapy procedures, engaged in six rounds of consensus discussions. The discussions focused on several key aspects of the procedure. During these discussions, each item was put to a vote among the experts. A consensus was reached when an item received agreement from at least 80 ​% of the participants. ResultsThe expert group, comprising 25 specialists from 22 different institutions, had an average experience of over 50 RF procedures. These experts engaged in comprehensive discussions on a total of eight critical items, covering the full spectrum of the procedure, including indications, contraindications, basic working conditions and preparation, preoperative preparation, surgical process and technical skills, postoperative management, therapeutic effects, complications and prevention. The group successfully reached a consensus on all these items, ensuring a standardized approach to RF procedures. ConclusionThis consensus summarized and standardized the clinical application of anti-reflux RF therapy in China. Adoption of this consensus will improve the precision of patient selection and technical implementation, thereby enhancing the safety and effectiveness of anti-reflux radiofrequency therapy.

Predictors of Mortality Among Hemodialysis Patients at Al-Thora General Hospital, Ibb Governate, Yemen: A Retrospective Study.

In addition to the global rise in the use of hemodialysis (HD) for end-stage renal disease, individuals receiving maintenance HD continue to have higher mortality rates than the general population. The mortality rates among HD patients in Yemen have not been studied because of the lack of a national registry system, and the impact of the disease on the country is yet to be evaluated. Our study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and factors associated with mortality among patients with HD in a resource-limited setting. This retrospective study involved 4194 HD patients at the Nephrology Center of Al-Thora General Hospital, Ibb Governate, Yemen, between March 2014 and September 2023. Data on HD patients' demographic characteristics, risk factors, and comorbidities were gathered and analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests were used to evaluate and compare survival curves, and the proportional Cox hazard model was used to investigate the factors associated with mortality. The mean age was 49.2 ± 16.5 years. The majority of cases were male (n= 2604, 62.1%) and from rural areas (3386, 80.7%), with 1226 (29.2%) living outside Ibb Governorate. Hepatitis C and B viruses were positive in 466 (11.1%) and 312 (7.4%) patients. The main comorbidity was hypertension (n= 3152, 75.2%), followed by diabetes mellitus (DM) (n= 1375, 32.8%). Five hundred and forty-eight patients died during the study period between 2017 and 2023, with an estimated mortality rate of 13.1%. The survival rates at 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months of follow-up were approximately 97.4%, 93.3%, 91.7%, 86.0%, and 74.6%, respectively. Predictive factors for mortality among HD patients in the Cox regression model were age >65 years (HR:1.41; 95 % CI: 1.15-1.74, p<0.001), cardiovascular disease (HR: 7.28; 95 % CI: 2.68-19.81, p<0.001), coming from other cities (HR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.11-1.59, p= 0.002), DM (HR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.23-2.01, p <0.001), and cerebral vascular accidents (HR:1.57; 95 % CI: 1.13-2.18, p= 0.007). Instead of a higher mortality rate in this study, coming from other cities, DM, cardiovascular disease, cerebral vascular accidents, and age >65 years were predictive factors for mortality in HD patients. The study underlines the necessity of planning new HD facilities, avoiding and treating comorbidities, managing them early to decrease mortality, and educating regional administrative decision-makers on effective implementation techniques.

Digital Transformation Development Strategies to Improve Sustainable Performance

This article examines the intersection of virtual transformation and sustainable overall performance, highlighting strategies corporations can implement to enhance their operational effectiveness while selling sustainability. It begins with a complete know-how of digital transformation, defining its key additives and the technological improvements riding this change. The significance of sustainable performance is mentioned, emphasizing its growing relevance in these days’s commercial enterprise landscape, wherein stakeholders an increasing number of call for environmentally and socially accountable practices. The article explores how integrating digital transformation initiatives with sustainability dreams can lead to synergistic advantages, growing an aggressive benefit for companies. Implementation techniques for virtual transformation are mentioned, focusing on frameworks that facilitate the adoption of innovative technologies at the same time as ensuring alignment with sustainable overall performance targets. Case research and exemplary practices from various industries illustrate successful digital transformation efforts that have undoubtedly impacted sustainability outcomes. In conclusion, the item offers insights into destiny guidelines for studies and practice, urging groups to embrace virtual transformation no longer merely as a technological improvement but as a holistic technique to attaining long-term sustainability. By exploring these issues, this examines objectives to provide a valuable aid for practitioners and researchers looking to navigate the complexities of digital transformation within the context of sustainable overall performance. Keywords : Digital Transformation, Sustainable Performance, Development Strategies

CONTROL OF ENGINEERING GEODETIC WORKS DURING THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE TERRITORY OF THE HIGHWAY

The article now considers the issues of the necessity to increase the bearing capacity of weak road spoil bases in a number of cases during overhaul or reconstruction of highways. Reconstruction of highways is an important process that allows modernizing and improving the existing infrastructure. This is necessary to ensure the safety and comfort of road traffic. This problem is particularly relevant when it is necessary to increase the capitalization of road surfaces, which is usually associated with increased stiffness and, therefore, sensitivity to deformable earth bed in general. In general, this study considers engineering-geodetic works during the reconstruction of the highway of republican significance "Kalbatau-Maikapshagai". Stages, sections of engineering geodetic works were carried out, deformation analysis works were carried out. The obtained results were analyzed, proposals for other measuring works were excluded, the possibility of forecasting on these proposals was considered. The overall objective is to encompass various activities aimed at improving the safety, passability and comfort of the road. Reconstruction of an area is carried out due to deterioration of the road surface, outdated infrastructure, non-compliance of the road with modern safety and traffic requirements and changing needs and volumes of traffic flow. Reconstruction of highways is an integral part of their maintenance and development. It is necessary to ensure the safety and comfort of road users, as well as to support and improve the transportation infrastructure. In the article reconstruction stages of planning, financing and technical implementation are an important step in infrastructure development.

Analysis of Patient Satisfaction Levels with Pharmaceutical Services at Rumbai Community Health Center, Pekanbaru City in 2024

Pharmaceutical services are a form of pharmaceutical care which aims to maintain the quality of pharmaceutical preparations and support the success of the therapy the patient undergoes during treatment. Pharmaceutical services are one part of the health services at the Community Health Center. Puskesmas is a technical implementation unit of the District/City Health Service which is responsible for carrying out health development in a work area (Permenkes, 2020). The aim of this research is to determine the level of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services at the Rumbai Community Health Center. The method used is descriptive research (Non-Experimental) with a quantitative approach. The research instrument is a questionnaire sheet. The sampling method is purposive sampling. The number of samples in this research was 100 people. Data collection uses a Likert scale. The level of patient satisfaction is measured against five (5) dimensions of service quality, namely the dimensions of Responsiveness, Reliability, Assurance, Empathy, Tangibles. The results of this research show that the level of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services at the Puskessmas Rumbai shows that patient satisfaction is in the Responsiveness dimension (71.75%), Reliability (72.66%), Assurance (74.3%), Empathy (75%) , and Physical Evidence (Tangible) (67.3%). So the average percentage level of patient satisfaction at the Rumbai Health Center overall from 5 dimensions is 72.2% with the satisfaction classification being satisfied.

Design Patterns for Building More Efficient Generative Autonomous Agents: A Survey

This survey paper explores the design patterns essential for constructing generative autonomous agents, a significant advancement over traditional LLM-based applications. These agents can independently plan, execute, and refine tasks, enabling them to overcome limitations such as the need for continuous human input and rules-based reasoning. I review four design patterns: reflection, planning, tool use, and multi-agent collaboration for building more efficient agents. Each is illustrated through a detailed, holistic analysis of a specific implementation technique.

Analisis Pengaruh Ditutupnya Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Piyungan Terhadap Keputusan Manajemen Keuangan UMKM

This research aims to investigate the process and impact of closing the Piyungan Final Disposal Site in the city of Yogyakarta to explore the economic impact. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach, including document analysis, in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders, and field observations. The research results show that the closure of the landfill in Piyungan involves several crucial stages, including planning, technical implementation, and post-closure management. The effects of these landfill closures include causing significant changes in the local economy.

Sphere transgressions in the Dutch digital welfare state: causing harm to citizens when legal rules, ethical norms and quality procedures are lacking

ABSTRACT Welfare states across the world increasingly experiment with the use of big data and algorithms in the name of efficiency gains and fair decision-making. However, recent public scandals in various countries show persistent problems with how digital welfare states operate at the cost of vulnerable populations. Problems include systemic forms of discrimination, increasing levels of surveillance, stigmatization, and restricted access to public benefits. Rather than viewing these problems as instances of technical implementation hurdles, we argue that digital welfare states currently operate in an institutional void in which legal, ethical, and quality procedures are lacking or ill equipped to address new challenges posed by digital technologies. Based on a secondary analysis of documents, we show how this institutional void empirically manifests itself in the Dutch welfare state by zooming in on two subcases that sparked public controversy in recent years: the childcare benefits scandal that focused on fraud detection and the Top 400/Top 600 that was set-up with the aim of crime prevention. By analyzing these cases, we show how sphere transgressions – understood as the encroachment of digital logic into the sphere of social welfare – can have detrimental consequences for citizens when there is an institutional void. We end with reflections on how to fill the current institutional void and identify ‘soft signals’ that could be used as pointers to recognize the potential undesirable consequences of new sphere transgressions.

Efficient realization of quantum algorithms with qudits

The development of a universal fault-tolerant quantum computer that can solve efficiently various difficult computational problems is an outstanding challenge for science and technology. In this work, we propose a technique for an efficient implementation of quantum algorithms with multilevel quantum systems (qudits). Our method uses a transpilation of a circuit in the standard qubit form, which depends on the characteristics of a qudit-based processor, such as the number of available qudits and the number of accessible levels. This approach provides a qubit-to-qudit mapping and comparison to a standard realization of quantum algorithms highlighting potential advantages of qudits. We provide an explicit scheme of transpiling qubit circuits into sequences of single-qudit and two-qudit gates taken from a particular universal set. We then illustrate our method by considering an example of an efficient implementation of a 6-qubit quantum algorithm with qudits. In this particular example, we demonstrate how using qudits allows a decreasing amount of two-body interactions in the qubit circuit implementation. We expect that our findings are of relevance for ongoing experiments with noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices that operate with information carriers allowing qudit encodings, such as trapped ions and neutral atoms, as well as optical and solid-state systems.

Makna Simbolik Dalam Budaya “Megengan” Sebagai Tradisi Menyambut Bulan Ramadhan Di Desa Blimbing Sari

This article examines the symbolic meaning of the megengan tradition. The Megengan tradition is a ritual carried out before the month of Ramadan. This search was carried out in Blimbing Sari Village, Sooko District, Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province. The Megengan tradition in this hamlet has a unique implementation technique, namely Apem Cake, one of the obligatory dishes in the traditional tradition (Megengan People). As time goes by, many residents of Blimbing Sari Village continue to carry out these customs according to what was taught by the elders, while others apply a more practical approach. The meaning of the megengan traditional symbols for the people of Blimbing Sari Village can be studied by looking at existing events. Interviews, observations, and documents are some of the data sources used in qualitative research. Informant replies from interviews will be classified based on research objectives.

Menemukan Solusi Cerdas: Merumuskan Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan KUA Berdasarkan Kajian Sistematis Literatur Review

This systematic literature review research explains the leadership and motivation of employee performance in KUA. As a technical implementation unit under the directorate general of Islamic community guidance as stated in PMA 34 of 2016, KUA has served the daily lives of Indonesian people such as marriage, marriage guidance and zakat waqf. However, the performance of KUA employees is often faced with various challenges, such as lack of leadership and motivation. Optimal performance of KUA employees is the key to providing quality services to the community. This study aims to find smart solutions in formulating strategies to improve the performance of KUA employees based on a systematic review of leadership and motivation review literature. The study was conducted by collecting and analyzing literature related to factors that affect the performance of KUA employees, as well as effective strategies to improve the performance of the State civil apparatus (ASN) in the religious affairs office. The results showed that there are several factors that affect the performance of KUA employees, namely transformational leadership, charismatic leadership, intrinsic motivation, and extrinsic motivation. These factors are interrelated and can be optimized to improve the performance of KUA employees.

A fully automatic adjacent key-points localization framework for minimal repeated pattern detection in printed fabric images

The printed fabric images usually contain a large number of minimal repeated patterns (MRPs), which are of great value for the color separation, plate-making and other related applications in the textile industry. The key-points localization is a well established and effective manual method to detect the MRPs by finding a number of identical key-points. Recently, computer-aided automated key-points localization techniques have shown great potential and attracted considerable interest. Nevertheless, most of the available subtle and ad-hoc strategies are poorly generalized to complex situations due to a lack of systematic formulation. In this study, we endeavor to automate and theorize this manual detection method, aiming to enhance its accuracy, robustness, and efficiency. Specifically, we delineate related concepts and systematically formalize the minimal repeated pattern (MRP) detection problem, thereby establishing a theoretical groundwork for the manual method’s viability. Then, we present an effective and robust adjacent key-points localization (AKL) framework by automating manual detection method of MRP in printed fabric images. This framework is further developed into a comprehensive automated image retrieval system, complete with detailed implementation techniques. We also create a printed fabric dataset named PFI-10K containing approximately 10,000 images to test corresponding methods. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed AKL framework.

PCA and fuzzy clustering-based delineation of soil nutrient (S, B, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Cu) management zones of sub-tropical Northeastern India for precision nutrient management

Understanding the spatial distribution of plant available soil nutrients and influencing soil properties and delineation soil nutrient management zones (MZs) are important for implementing precision nutrient management options (PNMO) in an area to achieve maintainable crop production. We assessed spatial distribution pattern of plant available sulphur (S) (PAS), boron (B) (PAB), zinc (PAZn), manganese (PAMn), iron (PAFe), and copper (PACu), and soil organic carbon (SOC), pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) to delineate soil nutrients MZs in northeastern region of India. A total of 17,471 representative surface (0–15 cm depth) soil samples were collected from the region, processed, and analysed for above-mentioned soil parameters. The values of PAS (0.22–99.2 mg kg−1), PAB (0.01–6.45 mg kg−1), PAZn (0.05–13.9 mg kg−1), PAMn (0.08–158 mg kg−1), PAFe (0.50–472 mg kg−1), PACu (0.01–19.2 mg kg−1), SOC (0.01–5.80%), pH (3.19–7.56) and EC (0.01–1.66 dS m−1) varied widely with coefficient of variation of 15.5–108%. The semivariogram analysis highlighted exponential, Gaussian and stable best fitted models for soil parameters with weak (PACu), moderate (PAB, PAZn, PAFe, SOC, pH, and EC) and strong (PAS, and PAMn) spatial dependence. The ordinary kriging interpolation revealed different distribution patterns of soil parameters. About 14.8, 27.5, and 3.40% area of the region had PAS of ≤15.0 mg kg−1, PAB of ≤0.50 mg kg−1, and PAZn of had ≤0.90 mg kg−1, respectively. About 67.5, and 32.5% area had SOC content >1.00 and < 1.00%, respectively. Soil pH was ≤5.50, and >5.50 to ≤6.50 in 41.7 and 40.3% area of the region, respectively. The techniques of principal component analysis and fuzzy c-mean algorithm clustering produced 6 MZs of the region with different areas and values of soil parameters. The MZs had different levels of deficiency pertaining to PAS, PAB, and PAZn. The produced MZ maps could be used for managing PAS, PAB, PAZn, SOC and soil pH in order to implement PNMO. The study highlighted the usefulness of MZ delineation technique for implementation of PNMO in different cultivated areas for sustainable crop production.

Analysis of Community Satisfaction with Important Performance Analysis on Regional Technical Implementation Unit of Community Health Center

Analysis of Community Satisfaction with Important Performance Analysis on Regional Technical Implementation Unit of Community Health Center