Implementation Program Research Articles

Universal Basic Education Implementation Issues in Nigeria: Options of Innovation for Improvement in the Administration of Basic Education System

The paper explored Universal Basic Education, UBE implementation issues in its systemic administration and management of basic schools in Nigeria. On a more specific note, it discusses: the roles of Universal Basic Education at federal and State government levels; beneficiaries of UBE; existing implementation issues of UBE; and other Basic Issues termed unique UBE implementation Programme. All these put together may work against innovative ideas that existed with the UBE programme as stipulated in the Basic Education Act of 2004. The paper concluded and recommended the following among others, the actual statistics of out-of-school children should be obtained and balanced provision of education resources to rehabilitate them should be done by the commission, and UBE teacher’s capacity building boost should be revisited to train many of them to acquire knowledge regarding UBE operations in addition to their existing academic qualifications.

Newborn screening for acid sphingomyelinase deficiency in Illinois: A single center's experience.

Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) caused by reduced activity of the acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) enzyme, which leads to progressive storage of sphingomyelin and related lipids in the body. ASMD is caused by biallelic variants in the SMPD1 gene, which encodes for the ASM enzyme. Current estimates of disease incidence range from 0.4 to 0.6 in 100 000 livebirths, although this is likely an underestimation of the true frequency of the disorder. While there is no cure for ASMD, comprehensive care guidelines and enzyme replacement therapy are available, making an early diagnosis crucial. Newborn screening (NBS) for ASMD is possible through measurement of ASM activity in dried blood spots and offers the opportunity for early diagnosis. In 2015, Illinois (IL) became the first to initiate statewide implementation of NBS for ASMD. This study describes the outcomes of screen-positive patients referred to Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital (Lurie). Ten infants were referred for diagnostic evaluation at Lurie, and all 10 infants were classified as confirmed ASMD or at risk for ASMD through a combination of molecular and biochemical testing. Disease incidence was calculated using data from this statewide implementation program and was ~0.79 in 100 000 livebirths. This study demonstrates successful implementation of NBS for ASMD in IL, with high screen specificity and a notable absence of false positive screens.

Universal paediatric videolaryngoscopy and glottic view grading: a prospective observational study.

Although videolaryngoscopy has been proposed as a default technique for tracheal intubation in children, published evidence on universal videolaryngoscopy implementation programmes is scarce. We aimed to determine if universal, first-choice videolaryngoscopy reduces the incidence of restricted glottic views and to determine the diagnostic performance of the Cormack and Lehane classification to discriminate between easy and difficult videolaryngoscopic tracheal intubations in children. We conducted a prospective observational study within a structured universal videolaryngoscopy implementation programme. We used C-MAC™ (Karl Storz, Tuttlingen, Germany) videolaryngoscopes in all anaesthetised children undergoing elective tracheal intubation for surgical procedures. The direct and videolaryngoscopic glottic views were classified using a six-stage grading system. There were 904 tracheal intubations in 809 children over a 16-month period. First attempt and overall success occurred in 607 (67%) and 903 (> 99%) tracheal intubations, respectively. Difficult videolaryngoscopic tracheal intubation occurred in 47 (5%) and airway-related adverse events in 42 (5%) tracheal intubations. Direct glottic view during laryngoscopy was restricted in 117 (13%) and the videolaryngoscopic view in 32 (4%) tracheal intubations (p < 0.001). Videolaryngoscopy improved the glottic view in 57/69 (83%) tracheal intubations where the vocal cords were only just visible, and in 44/48 (92%) where the vocal cords were not visible by direct view. The Cormack and Lehane classification discriminated poorly between easy and difficult videolaryngoscopic tracheal intubations with a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.68 (95%CI 0.59-0.78) for the videolaryngoscopic view compared with 0.80 (95%CI 0.73-0.87) for the direct glottic view during laryngoscopy (p = 0.005). Universal, first-choice videolaryngoscopy reduced substantiallythe incidence of restricted glottic views. The Cormack and Lehane classification was not a useful tool for grading videolaryngoscopic tracheal intubation in children.

Long-acting injectable ART to advance health equity: a descriptive analysis of US clinic perspectives on barriers, needed support and programme goals for implementation from applications to the ALAI UP Project.

Approval of the first long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (LAI ART) medication heralded a new era of HIV treatment. However, the years since approval have been marked by implementation challenges. The "Accelerating Implementation of Multilevel Strategies to Advance Long-Acting Injectable for Underserved Populations (ALAI UP Project)" aims to accelerate the systematic and equitable delivery of LAI ART. We coded and analysed implementation barriers according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) domains, desired resources and programme goals from questionnaire short-answer responses by clinics across the United States responding to ALAI UP's solicitation to participate in the project between November 2022 and January 2023. Thirty-eight clinics responded to ALAI UP's solicitation. The characteristics of LAI ART as an innovation (cost, complexity of procurement, dosing interval, limited eligibility) precipitated and interacted with barriers in other CFIR domains. Barriers included obtaining coverage for the cost of medication (27/38 clinics) (outer setting); need for new workflows and staffing (12/38) and/or systems to support injection scheduling/coordination (16/38), transportation and expanded clinic hours (13/38) (inner setting); and patient (10/38) and provider (7/38) education (individuals). To support implementation, applicants sought: technical assistance to develop protocols and workflows (18/38), specifically strategies to address payor challenges (8/38); additional staff for care coordination and benefits navigation (17/38); opportunities to share experiences with other implementing clinics (12/38); patient-facing materials to educate and increase demand (7/38); and support engaging communities (6/38). Clinics' LAI ART programme goals varied. Most prioritized delivering LAI ART to their most marginalized patients struggling to achieve viral suppression on oral therapy, despite awareness that current US Food and Drug Administration approval is only for virally suppressed patients. The goal for LAI ART reach after 1 year of implementation ranged from ≤10% of patients with HIV on LAI ART (17/38) to ≥50% of patients (2/38). Diverse clinic types are interested in offering LAI ART and most aspire to use LAI ART to support their most vulnerable patients sustain viral suppression. Dedicated resources centred on equity and relevant to context and population are needed to support implementation. Otherwise, the introduction of LAI ART risks exacerbating, not ameliorating, health disparities.

Diversifying the educator workforce: promising aspects of teacher preparation programs

Abstract The present study contributes to the body of work addressing the need for diversity in the educator workforce. The study examines six grant-funded projects designed to increase the diversity of teacher candidates, support these candidates through licensure, and ultimately increase the diversity of the teacher workforce in Ohio. Data was gathered from Principal Investigators and other project members via mid-year and end-of-year interviews (N = 12) and analyzed using qualitative coding methods. The analysis surfaced common themes among program features, program implementation, and challenges programs encountered. The findings suggest that effective programs to diversify the educator workforce could benefit from program development that makes intentional use of several key strategies: (1) collaborative processes and relationships; (2) programmatic and individual student support; (3) targeted, personal approaches to recruitment; (4) intentional planning for financial sustainability (including the use of more than one funding stream); and (5) the creation of specific pathways from high school to career. This study further identified both internal and external systemic challenges programs encountered and highlighted effective methods for resolving issues where possible, while also identifying challenges that remained intractable.

HUBUNGAN POTENSI BAHAYA KERJA PERAWAT DENGAN UPAYA PENCEGAHAN BERBASIS HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT DETERMINING CONTROL

The quality of health services needs to be maintained and improved, while the number of work accidents still has the potential to occur through the phenomenon of potential work hazards for nurses and low prevention efforts. Information found potential work hazards for nurses include physical, biological, ergonomic, chemical and psychosocial hazards as well as the low prevention efforts of nurses in the Dialysis Room. This study aims to determine the relationship between the potential work hazards of nurses and prevention efforts based on hazard identification risk assessment determining control (HIRADC) in the Dialysis Room at Jasa Kartini Hospital, Tasikmalaya (RSJKT). This research method is a quantitative research type descriptive correlation cross sectional approach. The number of samples was 30 nurses in the Dialysis Room at Jasa Kartini Tasikmalaya Hospital with the sampling technique using total sampling. The instrument used was a valid and reliable questionnaire including a questionnaire on the potential hazards of work for nurses (Cronbach Alpha value 0.953) and HIRADC-based prevention efforts (Cronbach Alpha value 0.952). Data analysis used the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most of the potential work hazards for nurses were in the unsafe category (63.3%). Most of the HIRADC-based prevention efforts are in the low category of 56.7%. There is a significant relationship (p-value = 0.000) between potential work hazards for nurses and HIRADC-based prevention efforts. The results of this study are expected that hospitals hold workshops and training on HIRADC-based prevention efforts regularly at least once a year, nurses improve the patient safety culture implementation program in an effort to minimize potential occupational hazards and further research can explore potential work hazards for nurses and HIRADC-based prevention efforts with the method qualitative research and identify other factors related to HIRADC-based prevention efforts.

Adaptation of SafeCare, an evidence-based parenting program, for caregivers of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit

BackgroundWhile there are several parenting programs for NICU caregivers, no studies, to our knowledge, have developed parenting programs aimed at preventing child maltreatment that specifically address these parental factors: parental stress, parental self-efficacy, and positive parent-infant interaction. ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to: 1) Identify adaptations and/or augmentations needed to optimize SafeCare® for NICU caregivers, and 2) Examine the acceptability and preliminary effects of the adapted SafeCare NICU (SCNC) program with NICU caregivers. MethodsThis study consisted of two phases: formative (phase one) and pilot (phase two). For phase one, 5 NICU former caregivers and 5 NICU staff were interviewed to make relevant, NICU-specific adaptations for SCNC. Phase two consisted of a pilot study, where 13 current NICU caregivers were enrolled in the adapted SCNC program. Outcomes included acceptability and preliminary effects of parental stress, parental self-efficacy, and parent-infant interaction. ResultsAdaptations to SafeCare consisted of adding a pre-session to discuss individualized experiences, incorporation of adjusted developmental milestones, a NICU-specific resource sheet, and individualized adaptations to activities based on relevant medical concerns. Out of the 13 participants, 8 completed SCNC (61.5 % retention rate). Participants indicated significant reductions in stress after SCNC (Parental stress index score = 61.7) compared to baseline (79.2, p = 0.02). Among participants who completed SCNC (n = 8), all stated they supported this program for implementation among NICU caregivers. DiscussionThe adapted SCNC demonstrated acceptability among NICU caregivers.

Providing EBP Training in Graduate School to Strengthen the School Mental Health Workforce: A Pilot

ABSTRACT Offering mental health (MH) care in schools may help youth overcome barriers to accessing services. However, the diverse school MH workforce receives disparate training in evidence-based practice (EBP) across disciplines. Many implementation efforts focus on training independently practicing providers; however, strengthening EBP training during graduate school may have wide-reaching benefits for graduate students and the students they will serve in schools. The TRAILS (Transforming Research into Action to Improve the Lives of Students) implementation program partnered with a school psychology graduate program for a quality improvement project to examine the feasibility and proximal, training-level outcomes of offering TRAILS EBP training to school MH graduate students. Specifically, a graduate instructor was trained to provide clinical and implementation support to graduate students (n = 12) in delivering transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) skills to 3rd-12th grade students (n = 33). A mixed methods approach including interviews, focus groups, and surveys, revealed that those participating in this program (1 graduate instructor, 13 graduate students, and 4 supporting school-based MH professionals) found the training to be acceptable. Graduate student knowledge of and attitudes toward CBT improved significantly (p < .001) from pre-training to the end of the semester. Qualitative interviews revealed several graduate student-specific implementation barriers and facilitators, which should be considered when further developing TRAILS implementation support to graduate programs, and may be of interest to other implementation and training programs as well. This quality improvement project will inform the refinement of embedding TRAILS training during graduate school, supporting broader community access to EBP.

Unlocking policy success: is codesign the key to achieving effective policy outcomes?

Codesign is increasingly promoted as best-practice and a solution to many policy ills, yet there is little empirical evidence suggesting that it is actually more effective for designing and implementing policy. This article investigates whether codesigned policies and programs are in fact more successful in achieving positive policy outcomes by applying the policy success framework to the codesign process behind the Australian Capital Territory’s Family Safety Hub. Using this framework, we conclude that codesign can have a significant positive impact on the process when it is done well, but its effect on longer-term program and political success depends heavily on other factors. The use of codesign as a stand-alone policy tool is limited, but further research is needed to understand how the value it generates in the early design stages can be translated into better implementation and positive program outcomes.

Analysis of The Implementation program Numeracy Literacy for Teacher Working Groups in Building a Literate Culture

Analysis of The Implementation program Numeracy Literacy for Teacher Working Groups in Building a Literate Culture

Evaluation of Asian Students Exchange Program (ASEP) in The Range of Building A Generation of Youth with A Global Vision

The exchange of information and culture through student exchange programs is becoming increasingly important in this era of globalization. One of them is the Asian Students Exchange Program (ASEP), which aims to evaluate the Asian Student Exchange Program at Al Azhar Islamic Middle School 9 Kemang Pratama Bekasi. Research methodology using the CIPP. Methodology is carried out to analyze the effectiveness and sustainability of the program. Through the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) approach, the evaluation provides a comprehensive understanding of the various aspects of the program, from the initial context to its long-term impact. 2) The Input Aspect indicates that the implementation guidance, program management, and participant preparation have been done well. The guidelines are available complete and understandable, the management of the program is organized effectively with clear task division, and the participant is prepared with the required qualifications. 3) The Process Aspect, in which the ASEP (Asian Students Exchange Program) program implementation is generally good enough but still needs improvement in some aspects to provide optimal benefits. 4) The Product Aspects, ASEP Program found that the participants showed a good level of independence during their homestay in Taiwan and confidence in their English presentation. As for the conclusion of the research results based on analysis and interpretation that the implementation of the ASEP (Asian Students Exchange Program) program is generally good enough but still needs improvement in some aspects in order to provide optimal benefits for schools that have this excellent program.

Enhancing Healthcare Professionals’ Culinary Skills, Food Management, Counseling Confidence, and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Through a Culinary Medicine Boot Camp: A Pilot Implementation Program (PIP)

Enhancing Healthcare Professionals’ Culinary Skills, Food Management, Counseling Confidence, and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Through a Culinary Medicine Boot Camp: A Pilot Implementation Program (PIP)

Youth empowerment in tobacco control: community-based participatory research in rural Indonesia

PurposeThis paper describes the planning and implementation program of Remaja Berdaya Sehat Tanpa Rokok (JayaStar) or Empower Youth Healthy without Smoking (EYHWS). This is a pilot tobacco control program for smoking behavior with a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach in a rural area of Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachThis research used the participatory rural appraisal (PRA) method. The paper would describe three stages of the JayaStar program that started from diagnosis, planning action and taking action. Participants in this research were all youths aged 17–25 years including as many as 33 people. The key informants were the village head, the hamlet head, the hamlet head’s wife, the youth leader, health promotion officers at the Pleret Health Center and the Health Promotion Section of the Bantul Health Office.FindingsThe determinants of the youth empowerment process are divided into (1) predisposing factors, (2) group structure and (3) group climate. It has an important role in the success of the youth empowerment process in smoking behavior control. The implementation of the JayaStar program consisted of (1) outbound, and training with the theme of increasing self-potential; (2) training on the impact of cigarettes/vapors on the health of youths; (3) discussion and practice of making health campaign videos; (4) parenting program with the theme of the important role of parents in creating a healthy and superior young generation; (5) declaration and inauguration of JayaStar volunteers.Originality/valueThis research is an example of a successful community-based youth project that resulted in a demonstrable positive outcome. It demonstrates the importance of good relations between stakeholders. The JayaStar movement could be a potential model for youth empowerment projects to control smoking behavior among future generations in Indonesia.

Condom use increased after a peer group intervention implemented by community volunteers in Malawi

BackgroundHIV prevention remains a global priority, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Our research team previously developed an evidence-based peer group program for HIV prevention called Mzake ndi Mzake (Friend to Friend). A community-engaged collaboration adapted the program for community ownership and implementation. Here we report whether this HIV prevention program, implemented by community volunteers, increased condom use among sexually active individuals in rural Malawi.MethodsThree communities sequentially rolled out the program. Effectiveness was evaluated using a stepped wedge design. Repeated surveys 11–13 months apart were conducted between 2016 and 2019. At Time 1, no community had offered the intervention. At Time 2, the first community had offered the intervention and two had not (control group). At Time 3, two communities had offered the intervention and one had not (control group). We used two condom use indicators; condom use frequency in the last 2 months (N = 771) and condom use at last sex (N = 880). The analytical sample included all sexually active persons answering that question at one or more time points. Mixed-effects cumulative logit and Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) models were used to model the two condom indicators over time, controlling for demographic factors, UNAIDS HIV knowledge, safer sex self-efficacy and partner communication.ResultsThis peer group intervention implemented by trained community volunteers increased both condom use indicators at Times 2 and 3. In the final adjusted models with non-significant factors removed, condom use in the last two months increased for the intervention group vs. control group [Time 2: Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.59 (1.15, 2.21); Time 3: AOR 2.01 (1.23, 3.30)]. Similarly, condom use at last sex increased for the intervention group vs. control group [Time 2: AOR = 1.48 (1.08, 2.03); Time 3: AOR 1.81 (1.13, 2.90)]. Other significant predictors of greater condom use were also described. Although the intervention increased UNAIDS HIV knowledge, knowledge did not predict condom use.ConclusionsIn this community-engaged implementation study, an evidence-based peer group program for HIV prevention increased condom use when delivered by trained community volunteers. Community ownership and program delivery by trained volunteers offer an innovative and cost-effective strategy to address ongoing HIV prevention needs without overburdening healthcare systems in sub-Saharan Africa.Trial registrationClinical Trials.gov NCT02765659 Registered May 6, 2016.

Implementation the Interest Subsidy Program on Agriculture in Central Java Province, Indonesia

Abstract The implementation of Interest Subsidy Program was conducted in Central Java Province to increase farming production as well as a form of commitment from the government to support farmers to get access for financial as well as to achieve food self-sufficiency in the future. The objective of the study was to describe the implementation of Interest Subsidy Program on agriculture in terms of program’ achievement and problems encounter during program implementation. The research was conducted in three areas, namely Grobogan, Demak, Kendal, Pekalongan, and Wonogiri, with total 150 respondents. The Interest Subsidy Program on agriculture in Central Java Province was first carried out in 2022 with a target of 500 farmers as the pilot project. Unfortunately, 362 farmers were applied for the program, and only 58 farmers (11.6 percent) were approved and met the requirements as the recipients of Interest Subsidy Program on agriculture. Lack of socialization program to the farmers as well as coordination among government institutions were part of problems encountered in implementation program. Moreover, the acceleration of the regulatory process is needed to improve coordination in order to achieve program’ goal.

PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI KEGIATAN KAMPUS MENGAJAR DI SMP NEGERI 3 TENGGARONG SEBERANG KUTAI KARTANEGARA

The numeracy literacy program is a program that aims to improve the quality of education that supports the Class 6 Teaching Campus Program. This service method is in the form of a qualitative approach. The location of the service was held at SMP Negeri 3 Tenggarong Seberang, participants in this activity included 30 class VIII students. Data collection uses observation techniques, interviews, documentation, as well as AKM pre-tests and post-tests. The results of the community service show that the implementation of the campus teaching program for class 6 through collaborative activities of the numeracy literacy implementation program was carried out, including: making school posters, reading movements 15 minutes before learning, language month activities, and literacy learning in class, numeracy icebreakers, snakes numeracy ladder, Literacy Quiz and application of technology adaptation. The results of the implementation of this program were able to increase students' AKM scores in literacy by 8% and numeracy by 3%. It can be concluded that the implementation of the numeracy literacy program through class 6 teaching campuses can improve numeracy literacy skills.

Pharmacogenomics in Lebanon: current status, challenges and opportunities.

Pharmacogenomics (PGx) research and applications are of utmost relevance in Lebanon considering its population genetic diversity. Moreover, as a country with regional leadership in medicine and higher education, Lebanon holds a strong potential in contributing to PGx research and clinical implementation. In this manuscript, we first review and evaluate the available PGx research conducted in Lebanon, then describe the current status of PGx practice in Lebanon while reflecting on the local and regional challenges, and highlighting areas for action, and opportunities to move forward. We specifically expand on the status of PGx at the American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center as a case study and guide for the further development of local and regional comprehensive PGx research, teaching, and clinical implementation programs. We also delve into the status of PGx knowledge and education, and prospects for further advancement such as with online courses and certificates.

Validity and Reliability Implementation Programme Empowercer Academic @ Perak Toward Indigenous Students at Perak State in 2024

Validity and Reliability Implementation Programme Empowercer Academic @ Perak Toward Indigenous Students at Perak State in 2024

Systematic Literature Review : Enhancement Interest and Readiness Entrepreneurship Student Through Entrepreneurship Education

Implementation Program Teaching Entrepreneurship help student become more creative, innovative and entrepreneurial. This is one of the solution For problem serious unemployment in Indonesia is necessary overcome. This in accordance with set goalsin Regulation President Number 6 of 2009 concerning development economy creative. Although Thus, various factor cause student No interested or Ready For entrepreneurship. Therefore that's the goal from study This is For know How studying entrepreneurship influence interest and readiness student For entrepreneurship.Method review literature systematic (SLR) is used in study This . The result show that education entrepreneurship give significant and positive impact to students , incl interest , readiness , spirit , and motivation For entrepreneurship .

Incomplete immunization uptake and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in sub-Saharan African countries; multilevel analysis evidenced from latest demography and health survey data, 2023

BackgroundIn 1974, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Expanded Program on Immunization to control vaccine-preventable diseases, saving millions of lives annually. However, the coverage of basic vaccines recommended by the WHO in Africa was only 75%, which fell short of the goal of 90% by 2015. To formulate effective policies and implementation programs to reduce incomplete vaccination rates, it is important to conduct a study to determine the factors contributing to incomplete immunization among children aged 12–23 months.MethodsThe study was conducted in 16 sub-Saharan African countries, using data extracted from the latest DHS data. It was a community-based cross-sectional survey that used two-stage stratified probability sampling sample designs. The vaccination coverage was assessed using vaccination cards and mother recalls. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the extent of incomplete immunization and the individual and community-level factors associated with partial immunization among children aged 12–23 months. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant predictors of incomplete immunization.ResultA total of 35, 193 weighted samples were used to determine the pooled prevalence of partial immunization. The pooled prevalence of incomplete immunization was 36.06%. In the final model factors significantly associated were: being uneducated mother(AOR:1.75;95%CI:1.48,2.05), being an unemployed mother (AOR:1.16;95%CI:1.09,1.23), no history of family planning utilization (AOR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.61, 1.84), non-antenatal care (AOR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.58, 2.04), non-postnatal care (AOR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.17, 1.35), rural residence(AOR:1.50;95%CI:1.37,1.63), home delivery (AOR: 2.04; 95%CI:1.89, 2.21), having children more than five (AOR: 1.56; 95%CI: 1.13, 2.17), and non-utilization of health insurance (AOR: 1.74; 95%CI: 1.48, 2.05).ConclusionThe pooled prevalence of incomplete immunization was found to be high in this investigation. Based on the findings of the study we recommended that policymakers and stakeholders prioritize enhancing prenatal and postnatal care, contraception, and reducing home birth rates to minimize the rate of incomplete immunization.