Implementation Of TQM Practices Research Articles

Study on Key Determinants for TQM Adoption in Construction Practices: An Indian Perspective

The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that influence the implementation of TQM practices in the construction industry. The study was conducted in Tamil Nadu from June 2015 to January 2016. The researchers used a random sample approach to collect data from participants. A questionnaire-based approach was chosen to collect information from participants. Statistical tools such as Cronbach's Alpha, exploratory factor analysis, multiple regression, correlation, standard deviation, and coefficient variation were employed in the study. Nine crucial dimensions of TQM implementation were identified: customer-oriented factors, organizational culture factors, internal communication factors, supplier-related factors, employee participation factors, employee development factors, employee training factors, availability of equipment factors, and process improvement factors. TQM implementation is influenced by a number of factors, including but not limited to customer-oriented factors; organizational culture factors; employee participation factors; employee development factors; availability of equipment factors; and process improvement factors. The study found that TQM implementation is driven by customer-oriented factors. Among engineers and project managers, the focus on customer-oriented factors was the highest. The results of this study can be used to inform policy makers, helping them create effective TQM policies in the construction industry.

Inter-functional Coordination as a Pathway between Servant Leadership and the Implementation of TQM Practices

Inter-functional Coordination as a Pathway between Servant Leadership and the Implementation of TQM Practices

Academic and Administrative Perceptions on Total Quality Management Practices

Many studies in the field of TQM have been conducted in recent years. The majority of these studies have addressed the concept in manufacturing. Although few studies have considered the TQM in service sectors such as in the education section, none have considered the role of subculture in implementing TQM practices. This study aims to fill this gap by highlighting the role of subculture in the adoption of TQM practices. The study uses a questionnaire adapted from previous studies that were sent to 399 staff at the Community College of Qatar. The returned questionnaires represent 35% of the sample. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20 version. After ensuring the reliability and validity of the data, an independent-samples t-test was conducted to determine if there is any difference between the two groups (academic and administrative staff) with regard to the implementation of TQM practices. The results revealed that the two groups agree only on the implementation of leadership and vision practice. However, the analysis showed a significant difference between the academic and administrative staff in regard to other dimensions of TQM implementation (quality management system recognition, stakeholders focus, and measuring and continuous improvement). The results open the door for future studies to consider the different cultures within the institution when studying or applying the concept of TQM.

What enhances service delivery in public hospitals in Kenya? The role of total quality management practices

The public health sector is affected by various challenges, such as operational inefficiencies and poor service delivery. These challenges affect public hospitals' delivery of quality services that meet client expectations. As a result of these issues, public hospitals have adopted the total quality management approach to deal with these challenges. The general objective of this research was to determine the effect of total quality management application on the quality-of-service delivery across public hospitals in Kenya. The study was anchored on a resource-based view, dynamic capabilities, and system approach theories. The research applied a descriptive approach to the target population of 1718 respondents. The sampling approach for the study was a stratified random technique that selected a sample of 250 participants. The findings indicated that employee involvement, technology adoption, continual advancement, and client focus affect service delivery across various public hospitals in Kenya. The research concluded that applying total quality management practices is essential and influences service delivery across various public hospitals. Therefore, the national and county governments are supposed to ensure management’s commitment to the implementation of TQM practices across the county’s healthcare facilities.

TQM Framework for Healthcare Sectors: Barriers to Implementation

Purpose: A qualitative research was carried out with an aim of understanding and addressing the challenges of integrating TQM in the healthcare industry. It examines the existing inadequacies in the service quality, and barriers in implementation of TQM practices, Methodology/Approach: A conceptual model is developed to explore the issues arising TQM implementation. There are three major components of TQM: such as barriers to implementation, Critical Success Factors and Benefits of TQM. Interviews with health workers and patients were conducted based on pre-structured questionnaires. Seven hypotheses were developed to investigate how TQM can be achieved irrespective of surmounting barriers. Findings: Findings suggest TQM can be implemented in the right environment with committed leadership and supportive infrastructure, which would drive SQ, improved customers, and employees’ satisfaction and loyalty, increase profitability and shareholder values. TQM can deliver high quality medical care for overall performance of the healthcare industry. Research Limitation/Implication: Interviews were conducted with semi-structured research questionnaires. There may be some inevitable biases present in questionnaires and evaluation of review. Originality/Value of paper: The study benefits from insights from medical personnel and patients’ perspective, in exploring the SQ attributes, i.e., quality circle, continuous improvement, employee empowerment and customer focused approach.

Examining The Benefits And Challenges Of Implementing Total Quality Management Practices In Manufacturing Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In Ghana

Micro, Small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) are important to national development as they produce a huge percentage of the national output and provide an even greater proportion of employment. They play a significant role in economic growth, innovation, poverty alleviation and raise standard of living. Research has shown that most manufacturing SMEs that adopt and implement TQM practices exhibited a significant positive relationship and confirmed that TQM practices are indicators of firm performance. The study examines the benefits of TQM implementation, and the challenges these manufacturing SMEs face in their attempt to implement TQM practices. The study which was exploratory in nature used descriptive survey and a structured interview to collect data from the SMEs who were purposively selected for the interview. The study purposively selected fifty (50) owner-managers for the interview, but due to the COVID-19 health pandemic, only five (5) participated in the interview. A sample size of 5 respondents were selected for exploratory study in Accra metropolitan area of the Greater Accra region to respond to the interview instrument. The tool for qualitative data analysis was NVivo version 11. The study discovered that manufacturing SMEs adopted and implemented TQM practices in their organisations. The TQM practices which were analysed were: organisational leadership; strategic planning and development; customer focus; human resource focus; continuous improvement and process management. The study established that effective implementation of TQM practices led to financial performance of these manufacturing SMEs as there was a significant positive relationship between the TQM practices and firm performance. The study although confirmed a direct positive relationship between quality management practices and firm performance, there were numerous challenges that serves as barriers to TQM implementation in the organisations. The challenge of downsizing was the most reported among the SMEs. It is recommended that manufacturers in the SME sector must be aware of the prospects of quality management practices since the success of its implementation depends largely on its awareness. It is also recommended that SMEs identifies challenges that face its implementation of TQM, so as to eliminate any barrier to its implementation.

EFFECTS OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) ON FINANCIAL AND NON-FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM HIGHER EDUCATIONAL SECTOR OF PAKISTAN

Purpose: This research explores the causal linkage between TQM and financial performance or non-financial performance within the higher education sector of Pakistan. In this regard, the link between each element of total quality management, including tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, was explored and empirically analyzed concerning financial and non-financial performance.
 Methodology: The regression and correlation statistical measures, using SPSS version 20.0, were used to study the linkage of TQM with financial and non-financial performance. The study utilized a quantitative research approach for data collection purposes, and data was gathered from 220 employees of well-established higher educational institutes of Islamabad and Rawalpindi with the help of a directly administered survey approach.
 Results: The results support the causal linkage between TQM and financial or non-financial performance. The findings indicate that TQM has a significant positive link with the financial and non-financial performance of service organizations within the higher education sector of Pakistan.
 Applications of this study: The higher education industry is the backbone of every nation, especially the developing countries. The higher education sector of developing countries, such as Pakistan, has been facing issues of quality, and hence the implementation of TQM practices can have a considerable effect on its improvement. This study provides valued insights for higher education practitioners to revise policies for the positive growth and development of this sector.
 The Novelty of this study: The contribution of this research is the investigation of TQM practices on financial and non-financial performance of higher educational institutes of a developing nation, i.e. Pakistan, where it is relatively a new concept. It was found that TQM practices have a significant impact on financial and non-financial performance.

Top management role in improving the state of QMS under the influence of employee's involvement: Best practice from the food processing industry

Purpose: The role of the top management in Quality Management System (QMS) is undeniable and emphasized by many researchers. On the other hand, the employees’ involvement is recognized as one of the main prerequisites for improvement of QMS. Although investigated to a certain extent, the influence of the top management and the employees’ involvement on the successful transition from ISO 9001 QMS to TQM is still a vague area. The main objective of the presented research is to investigate the influence of top management commitment on the state of QMS, through optimal management of employees’ motivation.Design/methodology/approach: In order to identify the influential factors, a comprehensive literature survey was conducted, followed by survey of the companies in the food industry in the Republic of Macedonia. The selected influential factors on QMS and employee motivation are used as initial set of variables for creation of the dynamic model.Findings: As a result, the findings demonstrate how the top management can influence on the state of QMS and implementation of TQM practices in a shorter period of time. In that sense, numerous experiments with SD model have been carried out and most appropriate ratio of coefficient of commitment of top management has been determined.Originality/value: The model represents a kind of a platform for further analysis in direction of improvement the QMS towards the TQM under the influence of employees’ motivation.

An Empirical Study on Implementation of TQM Practices in Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) of North Karnataka Region in India

An Empirical Study on Implementation of TQM Practices in Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) of North Karnataka Region in India

TQM practices and its performance effects – an integrated model

PurposeTotal quality management practices have been embraced by many quality-oriented firms around the world in order to improve performance in terms of quality, productivity, customer satisfaction and profitability. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the direct and indirect effects of TQM practices on various performance indicators specifically in the Indian manufacturing context. This paper focuses on developing an integrated model encompassing significant structural relations showing the linkage between TQM practices and multiple performance indicators – quality performance, customer satisfaction level, operating performance, employee performance, innovation performance, society results and financial performance. Apart from analyzing the direct relationship between constructs, the main purpose of this work is also to identify all the possible mediation effects of performance indicators on others using structural equation modeling (SEM).Design/methodology/approachAn in-depth literature review was conducted to identify the key practices for the successful implementation of TQM in an organization as well as to explore TQM-performance effects. As a result, four TQM practices and seven performance indicators were identified. The data were collected from 260 Indian manufacturing organizations. After confirming the reliability and validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the proposed hypotheses were tested using SEM.FindingsThrough testing the proposed hypothesized structural model, the direct and indirect effects of TQM practices have been examined. Moreover, this work developed an integrated model showing the interrelationships between TQM practices and performance indicators identified. The findings gave an insight that the effective implementation of TQM practices assists in reaping benefits in the every facet of an organization. By implementing these practices effectively, managers can expect to realize improvement in all these performance areas.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is subject to certain limitations. Even if all variables were found to be reliable, valid and satisfactory non-response bias test results, the remote possibility of bias in the data might not be fully ruled out. There is a probability of occurrence of common method variance and common method bias, since the data for both dependent and independent variables were collected from the same respondents in the organization. Additionally data on performance indicators were based on the respondent’s assessment and awareness only. The mediating relationship between individual TQM practice and performance indicators can be investigated in future studies. Since society results are a necessity in future, the direct and indirect practices focusing toward this can be explored. In addition, there is a research scope to identify the moderating effect of contextual factors such as degree of TQM implementation, scope of operation and type of organization.Practical implicationsThe findings of the research offer some potentially valuable insights into the relevance of TQM practices and its strong linkage on various performance indicators, through which the overall organization performance can be enhanced. By implementing these practices effectively, managers can expect to realize improvement in all these performance areas. Hence, the managers can adopt this approach to assess their organization’s level in the quality path and as a guideline in implementing TQM practices. They can also measure the impacts of TQM practices on multiple performance measures in order to evaluate their TQM initiatives. Especially the deployment of quality culture is a requisite to excel in the every facet of performance. The positive relationship between TQM practices and various performance indicators can motivate the managers to allocate resources in time, effort and capital for TQM implementation in pursuing quality, leading to customer retention and competitiveness. The findings of the study strongly suggest the need for the holistic implementation of TQM practices for the survival of the organization.Originality/valueWhile there is a considerable volume of researches carried out to investigate the linkage between TQM and organization’s performance across the globe, still little is evidenced regarding the mediating effect of performance indicators on others, especially in the Indian manufacturing context. The present paper attempts to extend and add knowledge to this line of research and to bridge the gap and provide sufficient empirical evidence specifically in the Indian scenario. Thereby helps the organization to follow a guideline to improve the overall performance.

Country and sector effects on the relationships among TQM practices and key performance measures

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze if and how country- and sector-related contingency factors affect the implementation of TQM practices and various performance measures within a TQM-performance relationships model framework.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used data from 156 firms in Turkey and 132 firms in North Cyprus (NC) to test the model relationships by utilizing multiple group structural equation modeling (SEM).FindingsThe study finds support for both the universal and the contingency argument within the context of country and sector analyses. Although our findings suggest no differences across the two countries, the authors find evidence for differences across sectors in terms of their TQM practices and performance outcomes. In the case of NC firms, the direct effects of TQM on human resource results and customer results constituted the missing linkages in the performance excellence framework.Research limitations/implicationsThis study suffers from the same limitations common to all survey research. However, it contributes strongly to the limited TQM contingency research by providing new findings and insights. This study must be replicated in different countries and other types of contextual factors must be used to determine if and how they moderate the model relationships. Other theories are also needed to better explain some of the relationships.Practical implicationsThere needs to be a more holistic approach to quality management and increased institutional support for quality initiatives in developing countries. Through proper alignment and integration of their different components, organizations can realize maximum improvement in their business results. Understanding the sector level contingencies before implementing a performance excellence model is also recommended.Social implicationsThe study has several social, economic and policy implications, including the need to improve employees’ work environment to improve their lives and prevent brain drain; to pass legislation to improve lax consumer laws; to found quality institutes to promote the education, training, qualification and professional development of employees working in the various sectors of the economy; and for government and employers to realize the importance of valuing stakeholders and delivering value and results to them to ensure long-term success.Originality/valueThis is one of the few studies in TQM contingency research that tests various relationships among TQM and business results by using country and sector as contingency factors.

The moderating effect of environmental regulation and policy on the relationship between continuous process improvement and organizational performance: An empirical analysis

There have been inconsistencies in the implementation of TQM practices in the Malaysian Food and Beverage Companies and this has led to low sales and less competitive advantage in the industry. This study therefore aimed to investigate the moderating effects of environmental regulation and policy on the relationship between continuous process improvement and organizational performance. A Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to estimate the relationship among the above variables in the context of Malaysian Food and Beverage Companies. The results of this study revealed that continuous process improvement has always been a significant predictor of organizational performance by following the regulations and policy related to environment. The results confirmed that environmental regulation and policy moderates the relationship between continuous process improvement and organizational performance. The integration of strategies and practices will help organizations to enhance their performance through implementation of the suggested constructs in this study. The study also supported the premises of the contingency theory and the institutional theory by reaffirming the importance of the supportive environmental regulation and policy for any successful strategic implementation

Identification of total quality management constructs for Indian schools

Managing quality in schooling system has always been a debate and area of concern for both researchers and practitioners. Managing quality in schools is very complex and demands for considering attention of stakeholders, the school management, non-teaching staff and of course, the government, and regulators. It is therefore, important that the quality of schools is continuously evaluated, monitored and improved for gaining competitiveness. This paper makes an attempt to identify such TQM criteria especially for Indian schooling system. This study adopts structured Delphi technique through consultation with a 26-member team of top experts. Ten TQM implementation measures and six performance measures have been identified for in Indian schools. These TQM measures can further be used to formulate a framework for the implementation of TQM practices in schools. This paper demonstrates how the structured Delphi method can be used to investigate and identify TQM constructs and performance measures for Indian schools.

Identification of total quality management constructs for Indian schools

Managing quality in schooling system has always been a debate and area of concern for both researchers and practitioners. Managing quality in schools is very complex and demands for considering attention of stakeholders, the school management, non-teaching staff and of course, the government, and regulators. It is therefore, important that the quality of schools is continuously evaluated, monitored and improved for gaining competitiveness. This paper makes an attempt to identify such TQM criteria especially for Indian schooling system. This study adopts structured Delphi technique through consultation with a 26-member team of top experts. Ten TQM implementation measures and six performance measures have been identified for in Indian schools. These TQM measures can further be used to formulate a framework for the implementation of TQM practices in schools. This paper demonstrates how the structured Delphi method can be used to investigate and identify TQM constructs and performance measures for Indian schools.

Developing a performance management model for the implementation of TQM practices in public education centres

Achieving excellence in public education centre management is a means to attain higher quality in education. This can be reached by implementing performance management. This paper proposes a comprehensive management tool, in the form of a balanced scorecard (BSC), for non-university public education centres, using the European Foundation for Quality Management excellence model as a framework for the implementation, evaluation and improvement of quality. This management system brings total quality management practices to education centres and is specifically designed to cater for their individual requirements. In our study, a strategic map of these organisations was devised after cause-and-effect relationships were identified based on their strategic objectives, and after defining the different areas in which action was required. The Delphi method enabled us to obtain a set of indicators which were identified by experts as being particularly relevant for measuring performance and monitoring strategy. Based on a qualitative analysis of the results, a BSC was drawn up. Its validity and reliability were proved by the high level of consensus reached by the experts. This tool will lead to improved efficiency in the management of educational centres, and is a valuable instrument to better understand factors that determine the performance of educational management and the achievement of excellent results.

An Empirical Study on the Awareness of TQM Practices in Indian Technical Education Institutions

The current paper carries the purpose to assess the awareness of TQM program in the Indian Education Institutions. The data were collected using a self administered questionnaire distributed to the top 100 engineering institutions in India. A total of 63 useable survey questionnaires were considered for the final analysis. The framework of analysis includes graphical representation, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis and Analysis of Variance. The results recommended that the education institutions are very much aware of the TQM principles. The research further provide chance to understand the awareness level of the respondents in the education sector which would definitely guarantee an effective implementation of TQM practices and hence the overall performance of the organization.

The Effects of Total Quality Management Practices on Performance and the Reasons of and the Barriers to TQM Practices in Turkey

Previous studies reported mixed and ambiguous results of the relationship between TQM practices and performances. This study investigated impacts of TQM practices on various performance measures as well as the reasons and the barriers of the TQM practices of firms in Turkey. We used a cross-sectional survey methodology in this study, and the unit of the sample was at the plant level. The sample was selected from the member firms to Turkish Quality Association and the firms located in the Kocaeli-Gebze Organized Industrial Zone. We obtained 242 usable questionnaires, with a satisfactory response rate of 48.4 percent. We conducted exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. This study has shown that different TQM practices significantly affect different performance outcomes. Results revealed that primary obstacles that the firms in Turkey face were lack of employee involvement, awareness and commitment of the employees, inappropriate firm structure, and lack of the resources. It is recommended that firms should continue implement TQM with all variables to improve performance. Firms should improve employees’ involvement/commitment/awareness to TQM, enhance firm structure, and provide resources to overcome the barriers that prevent effective implementation of TQM practices.

Identification of TQM criterions for engineering education using Delphi technique

Purpose - the purpose of this paper is to investigate and develop the criterions of TQM implementation for engineering education in Indian scenario. Design/methodology/approach - this paper provides a survey carried out using the Delphi methodology, triangulated with the results of other surveys carried out previously, as well as with the information gathered by means of several in-depth interviews carried out with the experts that participated in the Delphi-panel. Findings - total 13 guiding criterions of TQM implementation for engineering education were obtained through discussion with decision team of 26 members which consisted of authors, students, lecturers, professors, director/principal, management, parents and industrialists. Research limitations - the research in this paper is limited to Indian scenario; studies in other countries should be conducted to compare the results obtained. Practical implications - identification of the TQM implementation and performance criteria and sub-criteria will help in formulation of TQM model for implementation of TQM practices in engineering education sector. Originality/value - the paper shows how the classical Delphi technique can be successfully used to investigate and develop the criterions of TQM implementation for engineering education.

LA CERTIFICACIÓN ISO 9000 EN EL SECTOR INDUSTRIAL DEL MUEBLE: EVIDENCIAS SOBRE LA CULTURA DE CALIDAD TOTAL Y LAS VENTAJAS QUE LA CARACTERIZAN

Este estudio analiza si el nivel de implantación de prácticas de gestión de la calidad total, y el nivel de resultados empresariales, son factores que caracterizan a las empresas certificadas con la norma ISO 9000 en la industria nacional del mueble. Asimismo, se comprueba la posible relación de determinados aspectos TQM con la mejora de los resultados empresariales. Los resultados del análisis realizado sobre una muestra de empresas del citado sector muestran que las empresas certificadas con la norma ISO 9001:2000 implantan prácticas TQM en mayor medida que las empresas no certificadas, y asimismo obtienen mejores resultados de la calidad. Para todas las prácticas analizadas se evidencia la existencia de relaciones positivas con el resultado de la calidad, sin embargo, sólo algunas de ellas están directamente relacionadas con los resultados operativos y la rentabilidad de la empresa. This study analyzes if the implementation of TQM practices and the business performance are factors which describe ISO 9000 certified companies into the Spanish furniture industry. It also analyzes the positive relationship between TQM practices and business performance. The results of the analysis carried out into the aforementioned industry show that ISO 9001:2000 certified companies apply TQM practices at a higher level than non-certified companies. Likewise, certified companies achieve higher quality performance than non-certified companies. All the TQM practices are positively related with quality performance, but only some practices are directly related with operational performance and profitability.

Examining the effects of contextual factors on TQM and performance through the lens of organizational theories: An empirical study

Although much has been written about TQM, little attention has been paid to the potential effects of contextual factors on TQM and TQM–performance relationships. The use of organizational theory to formulate propositions regarding the effects of such factors is especially scarce in the TQM literature. This study uses institutional theory and contingency theory as the basis to test a number of such propositions. First, a model of TQM and organizational performance is developed. Then using survey data, the effects of five contextual factors – three institutional factors and two contingency factors – on the implementation of TQM practices and on the impact of TQM on key organizational performance measures are analyzed within a TQM–performance relationships model framework. The three institutional factors include TQM implementation, ISO 9000 registration, and country of origin, and the two contingency factors include company size and scope of operations. The results show that the implementation of all TQM practices is similar across subgroups of companies within each contextual factor. In addition, the effects of TQM on four performance measures, as well as the relationships among these measures, are generally similar across subgroup companies. Thus, for the five contextual factors analyzed, the overall findings do not provide support for the argument that TQM and TQM–performance relationships are context-dependent. The implications of the study for managers and researchers, as well as study limitations, are also discussed.