Implementation Of Technology Research Articles

Human cooperation with artificial agents varies across countries

People are keen to exploit cooperative artificial agents for selfish gain. While this phenomenon has been observed in numerous Western societies, we show here that it is absent in Japan. We examined people’s willingness to cooperate with artificial agents and humans in two classic economic games requiring a choice between self interest and mutual benefit. Our participants in the United States cooperated with artificial agents significantly less than they did with humans, whereas participants in Japan exhibited equivalent levels of cooperation with both types of co-player. We found a notable difference in how people felt about exploiting their cooperative partner: people in Japan emotionally treated artificial agents and humans alike, whereas people in the United States felt bad about exploiting humans, but not machines. Our findings underscore the necessity for nuanced cultural considerations in the design and implementation of such technology across diverse societies

Reconfigurations of responsibility: health insurance policyholders’ daily experiences of self-tracking

ABSTRACT The implementation of behavioral data and algorithmic technologies in insurance has sparked scholarly debate regarding their capability to disrupt the solidarity models of insurance. While the new insurance technologies’ ability to individualize risk has limitations, their features might accentuate individual responsibility and obscure the reference groups that constitute the foundation of insurance solidarity, particularly for policyholders. Yet, little is known of how policyholders themselves experience these insurance schemes. Based on 21 interviews conducted with users of a Swiss self-tracking in insurance (STi) program, we analyze how policyholders enact responsibility and solidarity together with a STi technology. Our findings reveal tensions in users’ daily experiences, highlighting frictions between solidarity as it is currently implemented in health insurance regulation and practices and the form embedded in STi interventions. Some users enthusiastically adopt the individualizing rationale of the technology, valuing self-responsibility and justifying it with the promise of reduced medical costs for everyone. Others struggle between their conviction with the established forms of solidarity and their desire to benefit from the programs. The results suggest that, although STi encounters regulative barriers, its current forms of implementation in users’ daily lives lead to sociomaterial reconfigurations of morals at the microsocial level.

Sustainable Implementation of Digital Assistive Technologies in Health Care Through a Simplified Interaction and Control Platform: Protocol for a Cocreative Feasibility Study.

With the expected increase in the number of people needing care and the increasing shortage of skilled care workers, new care concepts are required. Therefore, digital assistive technologies (DATs), especially robotics, can improve the situation of people with different needs and create opportunities for participation. For a human-technology interaction to have a high level of usability, DAT's meaningfulness and effectiveness must be accessible to end users. Significant barriers to the use of DATs in health care are the lack of controllability and adaptivity, as well as control functions that are too complex. The objective of this paper is to develop an interaction and control platform that is understandable to a layperson and has a programming interface for DAT interactions. The innovation consists of the expansion of usage and interaction options for carers of existing DAT in a more individual manner. This is to be achieved by combining modern interactive media, a modular software architecture, and already available DAT. The project is planned as a mixed methods study with a longitudinal design, with multiple user involvements and measurement times in collaboration with 3 care facilities in Germany. When assessing technologies, the satisfaction of the basic human needs of competence, connection, and autonomy plays an important role in the actual use of the technology. These needs can be measured in the form of usability (System Usability Scale), intention to use (Technology Usage Inventory), and satisfaction with the carers' needs (Technology-Based Experience of Need Satisfaction). In the qualitative assessment, user experience is recorded using the think-aloud method and focus groups in order to obtain information about potential improvements of the platform. The EduXBot (Educational Exploration Robot Application Platform) project was initiated in January 2023 and is scheduled to conclude in December 2025, at which point the project's final results are expected to be available. The initial results were attained in the summer of 2024 when the final concept for the platform prototype was developed. In November 2024, an initial prototype of a functional platform for the simplified interaction and control of DAT was evaluated. It is expected that the open DAT system architecture enables caregivers without any previous technical knowledge to assemble their individual DAT functional portfolio. The results of the project will provide low-threshold access to interaction options for existing DAT as well as expand the usage of such technologies in an individual and patient-centered way. Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS00034195; https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00034195. DERR1-10.2196/63089.

The Strategies to AEC Implement BIM-GIS-Drone-Mobile Apps-AI Towards Future Demands, Case Study: Setiu, Terengganu

In the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry, the integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM), Geographic Information System (GIS), and Drone Mobile Apps has revolutionized how professionals plan, design, construct, and manage buildings and infrastructure. This integration offers a comprehensive approach that leverages the strengths of each technology to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and collaboration throughout the project lifecycle. BIM is a process that involves creating digital representations of physical and functional properties of buildings or infrastructure. GIS is a system that collects, analyses, and presents spatial data related to natural and built environmental assets such as wetland resources are being overused because of severe occurrences and conditions such the rapidly rising population, the rapidly improving economic climate, and the expanding metropolitan region. Drone Mobile Apps have become an integral part of modern construction projects due to their ability to capture high-resolution imagery efficiently using drones. Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a crucial role in processing vast amounts of data generated by BIM models, GIS databases, drones, and mobile apps due to social trends. However, the systematic implementation of current advanced technologies in AEC projects in the wetland area experience challenges. This study aims to identify critical strategies to be implemented in the current digital transformation. The significance of this study is to support current trends of technology in RMK-12, 4.0 Digital Transformation. Initially, 20 strategies are drawn from the existing literature review and 10 critical strategies are identified focusing on the strategies for BIM and GIS Integration with AI interoperability. An in-depth interview with 33 experts as qualitative study and quantitative study using a questionnaire survey with 100 respondents from construction field. The results may improve project efficiency and accuracy while ensuring better decision-making processes throughout the project lifecycle of the AEC industry in the wetland area.

Transforming E-Voting with Blockchain: A Review of Technologies and Practical Implementations

The integration of blockchain technology into electronic voting systems promises to address critical challenges in electoral processes, such as security, transparency, and trust. Traditional voting systems, whether manual or electronic, face concerns related to privacy, data integrity, and vulnerability to manipulation. Blockchain, with its decentralized and immutable nature, offers a transformative solution to these challenges by ensuring end-to-end verifiability and tamper-resistant record-keeping. This review paper explores the current landscape of blockchain-based e-voting systems, evaluates existing technologies, and highlights open challenges that need to be addressed for large-scale adoption. It also presents insights from practical implementations, including an overview of a blockchain-based e-voting project. The paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how blockchain can reshape the future of secure and transparent voting systems.

ІT-law in Ukraine: historical and legal analysis of development

At the current stage of the transition of our society to a new stage, the process of interaction between the state and citizens is increasingly taking place with the participation of information technologies. The stability of many social relations in the state and the creation of prerequisites for sustainable economic growth depend on their functioning and development. At the same time, the level of technological development determines not only the economic potential of the country and the quality of life of its citizens, but also the role and place of the state in global society, the scope and prospects of its economic and political integration with the whole world. In Ukraine, at the same time as there is significant potential for the implementation of modern technologies in all areas of the country’s life and significant public demand for such implementation, the state of development of the information society and the IT sphere, compared to world trends, is still insufficient and does not meet the strategic goals of the country’s development. The development of the normative and legal framework of the information sphere is insufficient, which many experts and researchers of this issue pay attention to. Legislation reform in the IT sphere is long overdue. The article analyzes the development of information law at the legislative level in the historical context, problematic issues and prospects for development are determined. The main stages of legislative reforms in the IT sphere are given. The progressive steps in the creation of an effective regulatory framework in the field of digital technologies and the national cyber security system, which Ukraine has made recently, have also been studied. Today, Ukraine has a number of laws that regulate the IT sphere, including issues of personal data protection, electronic document management, intellectual property, cyber security, etc. Among them are the laws of Ukraine: «On the protection of personal data», «On electronic commerce», «On electronic identification and electronic trust services», «On the basic principles of ensuring cyber security of Ukraine», «On cloud services», etc. Ukraine needs further development of the IT sphere and must continue to move in this direction, improving our own systems and rising in global positions.

Implementation of information technology utilization in improving the service quality of Kring Pajak

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the use of information technology in improving the quality of tax kring services.in improving the quality of Tax kring services. The method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection is done by means of triangulation, namely using various data collection techniques such as interviews, observation, and documentation. Interviews were conducted to obtain understanding directly from informants related to the use of information technology, while observation aims to see the process of Kring Pajak service directly. process directly. Interviews were conducted with two main groups, namely Kring Pajak employees and taxpayers who have used the service. Kring Pajak employees and taxpayers who have used this service, with a focus on user experience, information technology system performance, and feedback. user experience, information technology system performance, and suggestions for improvement. for improvement. The duration of the research period was from October 2024 to Janaury 2025. Research results The results show that the implementation of information technology has significantly improved the quality of service to taxpayers, both in terms of ease of access and employee operational efficiency. For Kring Pajak employees, information technology information technology facilitates administrative tasks through automation systems, such as recording tax complaints. recording tax complaints. This research also found several challenges, including limited technological literacy among certain taxpayers, particularly from the older among certain taxpayers, especially from the older age group, as well as technical constraints in the form of slow slowness of the system when many users access it simultaneously. Directorate of Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) needs to improve the information technology infrastructure that supports the Kring Pajak service. supporting the Kring Pajak service. Kata Kunci : Teknologi Informasi, kualitas layanan, Kring Pajak

Effectiveness of drone-based thermal sensors in optimizing controlled environment agriculture performance under arid conditions

Controlled environmental agriculture (CEA), integrated with internet of things and wireless sensor network (WSN) technologies, offers advanced tools for real-time monitoring and assessment of microclimate and plant health/stress. Drone applications have emerged as transformative technology with significant potential for CEA. However, adoption and practical implementation of such technologies remain limited, particularly in arid regions. Despite their advantages in agriculture, drones have yet to gain widespread utilization in CEA systems. This study investigates the effectiveness of drone-based thermal imaging (DBTI) in optimizing CEA performance and monitoring plant health under arid conditions. Several WSN sensors were deployed to track microclimatic variations within the CEA environment. A novel method was developed for assessing canopy temperature (Tc) using thermocouples and DBTI. The crop water stress index (CWSI) was computed based on Tc extracted from DBTI. Findings revealed that DBTI effectively distinguished between all treatments, with Tc detection exhibiting a strong correlation (R2 = 0.959) with sensor-based measurements. Results confirmed a direct relationship between CWSI and Tc, as well as a significant association between soil moisture content and CWSI. This research demonstrates that DBTI can enhance irrigation scheduling accuracy and provide precise evapotranspiration (ETc) estimates at specific spatiotemporal scales, contributing to improved water and food security.

Understanding Cloud Growth Strategies: Elasticity vs. Scalability in Modern Cloud Infrastructure

This article explores the critical distinction between elasticity and scalability in cloud computing environments, clarifying how these often-confused concepts represent fundamentally different approaches to resource management. Elasticity focuses on immediate, automatic adjustments to resource allocation in response to real-time demand fluctuations, while scalability addresses long-term capacity planning to accommodate anticipated growth. The article examines the implementation technologies behind elastic systems, the architectural considerations necessary for scalable infrastructure, and the business implications of each approach. Through detailed comparison and case studies from e-commerce and media streaming domains, the article demonstrates how integrated strategies combining both elasticity and scalability create cloud architectures that optimize resource utilization while ensuring sustainable growth capacity, enabling organizations to maintain performance during demand spikes while minimizing costs during normal operations.

Legal Innovation as a Vector of Development of Environmental Law: Conceptual Approaches

A wide range of national goals and strategic objectives in the field of environmental well-being, low-carbon development, implementation of the green, climate agenda, creation of a high-tech knowledge-intensive resourcesaving economy, achievement of technological sovereignty, digitalization and implementation of digital technologies actualize the application of an innovative approach in the regulation of environmental and related social relations. With regard to the environmental sphere, innovations are considered in the doctrine as the best available technologies, the introduction of which is provided for in strategic planning documents, environmental legislation, and statistical tools of innovation.The article shows the need and prospects for the development of environmental law, which is in close interrelationship with other branches due to its integrative content, the use of methodology of legal (legal) innovation as an interdisciplinary field of knowledge about the processes of emergence, implementation and management of innovations in jurisprudence. Doctrinal approaches of understanding the paradigm of legal innovation not only in the framework of innovation legislation, but also in the sphere of lawmaking, normative and managerial decision-making, functioning of the state mechanism and management are highlighted. The article considers innovation-legal regimes in the context of improvement of state environmental management taking into account the digital transformation of the environmental sphere.

Investigating the implementation and innovative integration of virtual simulation technologies in dance pedagogy: a case study on the Chinese Nongle dance ritual virtual experiment

As digital teaching aid, virtual simulation experiments integrate modern information technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, 3D modeling, digital interaction, network communication, and databases, breaking free from the limitations of time, space, personnel, and resources. By simulating experimental scenes and objects, students can conduct experiments and training in a highly realistic digital environment, effectively solving problems associated with traditional experimental courses, including high costs, resource consumption, pollution, and safety risks. While ensuring the safety of teachers and students and controlling teaching costs, it effectively combines classroom theoretical knowledge with practical applications, significantly improving the operability of traditional teaching.

A scoping review of digital health technologies in multimorbidity management: mechanisms, outcomes, challenges, and strategies

IntroductionMultimorbidity amplifies healthcare burdens due to the intricate requirements of patients and the pathophysiological complexities of multiple diseases. To address this, digital health technologies play a crucial role in effective healthcare delivery, requiring comprehensive evidence on their applications in managing multimorbidity. Therefore, this scoping review aims to identify various types of digital health technologies, explore their mechanisms, and identify barriers and facilitators within the context of multimorbidity.MethodsThis scoping review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were used to search articles. Data extraction focused on study characteristics, types of health technologies, mechanisms, outcomes, challenges, and facilitators. Results were presented using figures, tables, and texts. Thematic analysis was employed to describe mechanisms, impacts, challenges, and strategies related to digital health technologies in managing multimorbidity.ResultsDigital health technology encompasses smartphone apps, wearable devices, and platforms for remote healthcare (telehealth). These technologies work through care coordination, collaboration, communication, self-management, remote monitoring, health data management, and tele-referrals. Digital health technologies improved quality of care and life, cost efficiency, acceptability of care, collaboration, streamlined healthcare delivery, reduced workload, and bridging knowledge gaps. Patients’ and healthcare providers’ resistance and skills, lack of support (technical, financial, and infrastructure), and ethical concerns (e.g., privacy) barred digital health technologies implementation. Arranging organization, providing technical support, employing care coordination strategies, enhancing acceptability, deploying appropriate technology, considering patient needs, and adhering with ethical principles facilitate digital health technologies implementation.ConclusionsDigital health technology holds significant promise in improving care for individuals with multimorbidity by enhancing coordination, self-management, and monitoring. Successful implementation requires addressing challenges such as patient resistance and infrastructure limitations through targeted strategies and investments. It is also essential to consider usability, privacy, and trustworthiness when adopting these tools.

Implementation of Simulation-Based Technology to Promote Safety in the Nursing Handover in the Intensive Care Unit.

To evaluate the impact of implementing a prototype of simulation-based educational technology on raising awareness among ICU nurses, improving communication in nursing handover, and promoting patient safety. Qualitative study based on the conceptual framework of patient safety. The COREQ tool guided the presentation of the research report. The research was conducted with 18 nurses from the ICU of a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, who worked directly in nursing handover. The technology implemented was developed based on communication failures identified in a previous stage of the macro research project. This evidence supported the development of a simulated scenario of a nursing handover of a critical patient, which was recorded in audio and video. The video addressed content (absence, incompleteness and lack of ordering of information) and behavioural errors (interruptions, distractions, noise and lack of clarity) during communication between intensive care nurses. The video was implemented with nurses through the use of telesimulation with debriefing. Finally, the nurses were subjected to a semi-structured interview to evaluate the potential of the technology, whose data underwent thematic analysis with an inductive model. The nurses recognised the communication failures portrayed as part of their daily practice, reflected on their mistakes, and on actions to be adopted to change behaviour during the handover. The simulation-based technology prototype has the potential to promote self-reflection and raise nurses' awareness of the need to change behaviours during the handover. The simulation-based technology prototype can be applied as an educational strategy to improve communication safety in nursing handover. No patient or public contribution.

The impact of digitalization on the legal protection of industrial designs in the context of industrial property

The article provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of digitalization processes on the evolution of legal protection for industrial designs within the framework of industrial property. The relevance of the study is determined by the rapid implementation of digital technologies, which have caused a radical transformation of traditional approaches to the protection of intellectual property objects. In light of the development of blockchain technologies, artificial intelligence, and modern automation systems, the legal field faces the challenges of adaptation, requiring innovative solutions and theoretical rethinking. The purpose of the article is to analyze the interaction between digitalization processes and the legal mechanisms for protecting industrial designs, with an emphasis on their transformation in the post-industrial era. The study also aims to identify the dissonance between the speed of technological innovations and the pace of modernization in legal procedures, raising questions about the effectiveness of existing tools for protecting rights in the digital environment. The research methodology is based on a combination of diachronic and comparative analysis, allowing the examination of historical changes in intellectual property regulation under the influence of digital innovations. Additionally, systematic approaches and legal situation modeling methods are applied, enabling a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of existing legal protection mechanisms. The research results indicate a significant acceleration in the registration processes of industrial designs through digital platforms, leading to increased transparency and accessibility of legal protection. However, significant risks were also identified, related to the infiltration of digital piracy and the imperfections of global legal regulation mechanisms, complicating the fight against violations at the international level. In conclusion, the need for a conceptual rethinking of the role of digitalization in the legal protection of industrial designs is emphasized. It is crucial to develop new legislative acts that will harmonize national and international legal systems, ensuring more effective protection of intellectual property rights in the context of rapid technotronic progress.

Augmented reality simulation framework for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery.

Augmented reality simulation framework for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery.

Social impact of the JACO wheelchair-mounted robotic arm on users and their caregivers

Purpose The efficacious implementation of robotic assistive technologies must be built on a thorough understanding of the experiences and perceptions of all concerned interest groups, particularly those of users and their caregivers. This study provides an in-depth insight into the experiences and perceptions of users of the JACO wheelchair-mounted robotic arm and those of their caregivers. Methods Users of JACO (n = 21; Female: 6; Male: 15) and caregivers (n = 11; Female: 9; Male: 2) participated in individual interviews used to gain qualitative insight into the impact of JACO on their day-to-day lives. Interview transcripts were analyzed using a hybrid deductive-inductive coding process. Thematic analysis was conducted in accordance with the Consortium on Assistive Technology Outcomes Research (CATOR) taxonomy. This article exclusively reports data on the social impact of the JACO wheelchair-mounted robotic arm. In addition, participants completed three questionnaires to gather more objective data for quantitative assessment. These included the Caregiver Assistive Technology Outcome Measure (CATOM), a sociodemographic questionnaire, and a home-based questionnaire to assess the social impact of using JACO. Results Findings pointed to highly varied experiences among participants, including instances of positive, negative, and absence of effects from the use of JACO. Participants’ feedback fell within two broad categories, Human Assistance, and Cost and Use of Resources. Conclusion This study provides nuanced and varied insight into the spectrum of the social impact of using JACO as perceived by users and their caregivers, highlighting the importance of considering each user as an individual with unique experiences and needs.

Investigating the environmental fate of active pharmaceutical compounds in a coastal lagoon using a multimedia level III fugacity model.

The use of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) has enhanced life quality and longevity but poses significant environmental risks to ecosystems and human health. Evidence-based risk assessments are essential for addressing these issues, requiring detailed data on API presence, behavior, and effects in the environment. In particular, predictive exposure models offer a cost-effective tool to support such investigations. This study focuses on the application of a multimedia level III fugacity model to estimate the predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) and to simulate transport, distribution, and persistence of nine APIs in the Venice Lagoon (Italy), a transitional environment subjected to multiple anthropogenic stressors. Concentrations of the studied APIs in water were estimated within one order of magnitude of measured data, while the model underestimated the concentration of azithromycin and 17-β-estradiol in the sediments due to water half-life overestimation and lack of information about unmonitored emission sources. In detail, the highest levels of APIs in the water were estimated for amoxicillin and clarithromycin, while sediments showed a significant presence of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. Model results also showed the possibility for sediments to act as sink for azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, estrone, and 17-β-estradiol. For all target APIs, degradation in the water column and adjective outflow were the most important elimination processes, while degradation in the sediments was significant only for erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and clarithromycin. Monte-Carlo uncertainty and sensitivity analysis showed that degradation in water, affinity to organic matter, and sediment dynamics were the parameters with the strongest influence on model's results. Overall, this work provided valuable information on the environmental fate and behavior of the investigated APIs in a complex transitional waterbody such as the Venice Lagoon and can be useful to support future environmental risk assessments as well as studies to evaluate the effects of emission control measures (e.g., restriction of use, substitution, or implementation of new technologies for wastewater treatment) on APIs environmental exposure.

Design and characterization of adiabatic quantum flux parametron using sub-μm cross-type Josephson junction technology

Abstract We report on the design and implementation of adiabatic quantum flux parametron (AQFP) buffer gates utilizing cross-type Nb/AlO x /Nb Josephson junctions with I C of 20 μA, designed to operate at mK temperatures. We, therefore, discuss design considerations, circuit simulation and optimization and their technological implementation. The preliminary results of the test circuit at 4.2 K are demonstrated focusing on the performance. Particularly, we emphasize on the current sensitivity of the circuit based on the output switching probability. The measurement results, show a narrow grayzone width of 0.48 μA for low-speed operation, demonstrating a higher current sensitivity. Additionally, the designed AQFP circuit exhibits a wide operating margins, further endorsing their potential for high sensitivity based superconducting sensors and scalable interface circuits for quantum electronics.

BITCOIN & BEYOND: THE FUTURE OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES, SECURITY, AND INVESTMENT

Bitcoin and other popular cryptocurrencies have gained a lot of attention in recent years. Within the confines of the blockchain, users can acquire and exchange this coin. The first cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, was created to enable direct online payments without relying on centralised financial institutions. The implementation of blockchain technology in the utilisation of cryptocurrency has garnered attention from various entities such as the banking industry, stakeholders, government, and individual investors. Studies on cryptocurrencies are still in their infancy and are limited. This article will analyse the potential in the cryptocurrency such as the security of its technology, cheap transaction costs, and high investment return in order to provide meaningful guidance and viewpoint to the academic field and users. This paper's novelty lies in its examination of legislation and regulation, high energy usage, the possibility of bubbles and crashes, and network attacks. This study will provide a systematic review for the future endeavours of cryptocurrency and its application. The current review is beneficial to academics and managers, as well as those seeking a more balanced knowledge of these emergent financial products.

Ultrathin Gold Nanowires

Nanowires (NWs), particularly Au NWs, have garnered significant attention for their exceptional properties and applications as nanoscale interconnects in micro-nano electronics. Nevertheless, the stable structure of sub-2nm Au NWs continues to be ambiguous due to the significant challenges in both the fabrication processes and direct atomic-scale structural characterization. This study employs in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques combined with the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) functional within density functional theory (DFT) to systematically investigate the intrinsic relationship between the atomic structure and stability of oriented Au NWs. Our results indicate that the structural stability of Au NWs is influenced by both their structural symmetry and the proportion of (111) surfaces. Additionally, the Young’s modulus of Au NWs is related to their cross-sectional symmetry, with an inverse correlation observed when the equivalent radius is below 6 Å. Finally, the number of conductive channels in Au NWs increases with cross-sectional size, with higher symmetry exhibiting more conducting channels. The experimental results offer significant insights into the key determinants influencing the structural integrity of ultrathin gold nanowires, which serves as a crucial basis for their implementation in next-generation nanoscale device technologies.