Implementation Of Social Protection Research Articles

The implementation of social protection in a conservative African welfare regime: The values and beliefs of local state officials in Botswana

AbstractSocial protection has grown in importance in framing the relationship between citizens and states across much of Africa. Botswana's conservative welfare regime relies heavily on local officials – many of whom are trained social workers – to exercise discretion in assessing the needs of poor people and registering them on social protection programmes. Interviews with local officials reveal that they attribute poverty and destitution primarily to the deficient attitudes and behaviour of poor people. These are in turn seen as the consequence of social protection policies that disempower people by fostering ‘dependence’ on state provision. Local officials prefer programmes that ‘empower’ poor people. Whilst they recognise that the state has responsibilities towards the poor, they implement policies that reinforce and reproduce the status of poor citizens as often undeserving claimants on public charity.

Domestic Workers in South Africa

After decades of deliberate exclusion from labour laws and social protection in South Africa, domestic workers have slowly been able to taste the fruits of years of laborious fights for recognition, inclusion, and dignity. On 19 November 2020, the Constitutional Court ordered the inclusion of domestic workers in the Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act (COIDA). This marked another victory for domestic workers. Textual inclusion is a relatively easier feat compared to the real challenge of implementation to give effect to such inclusion. The monitoring of implementation and progress of domestic workers who have benefitted from this inclusion has been relatively underexplored. This study explores the progress made in the development of social protection followingthe recent inclusion of domestic workers in COIDA, together with the implementation of this law. The article uses desktop research to investigate barriers to the development and implementation of social protection in the domestic work sector. The article highlights the importance of multi-stakeholder collaboration, clear policies from the Department of Labour, and the provision of constructive support for employers in the domestic work sector to facilitate compliance with COIDA.

Social insurance schemes: foreign experience in the realities of Ukraine

The article is devoted to the justification of the role and importance of compulsory social insurance in developed countries. Special attention is paid to the importance of active orientation to public policy in social sphere. Foreign practices in the implementation of social protection of population and regulation of social development are analyzed. The priority directions for reforming the public social policy in Ukraine in the context of adaptation to the standards of highly developed countries are determined. Key institutional features of national social insurance systems are studied. Conceptual components of forming civilized social security institute, based on the advanced achievements. Substantiated mechanism for financing social protection and social security. Features of financing social services at the local level generally accepted for all developed foreign countries is a division of local budgets into two distinct functional types of local budgets. This local current (administrative) budget and local budgets Development (Investment Funds). Each of these types has its own budget expenditures and revenues. Experience in the development of public relations reveals that social security is an objective and necessary phenomenon. The objectivity of social insurance due to the risky nature of the market economy and the need to establish financial guarantees to ensure that persons who for certain reasons are unable to participate in the process of material production and to get paid for their work. The analysis of foreign experience and its comparison with state realities is allowed the author to make a number of proposals to improve the state practice of social insurance.

The government policy of social protection

Relevance of the research topic. Ensuring purposeful influence on social development requires the formation and implementation of effective state policy in social protection, taking into account the adaptive changes of institutional support in the financial and budgetary sphere. Reasonable choice of instruments of state policy in social protection will help stabilize socio-economic processes and improve the welfare of citizens. Formulation of the problem. Essential tasks in current conditions are: increasing social efficiency and ensuring social justice; improving the tools of state regulation of social processes; optimal choice of tools to strengthen financial security in social protection; optimization of the structure of budget expenditures on social protection and social security. Analysis the latter research and publications. Problems of formation and implementation of government policy of social protection are pretty common in research. These are the works of famous foreign and domestic scientists: J. Keynes, F. Lassalle, P. Samuelson, A. Smith, V. Tanzi, L. Barannik, S. Kachula, L. Kozarezenko, E. Libanova, L. Lysyak, I. Lukyanenko, A. Mazaraki, V. Makogon, O. Nasibova, M. Pasichny, D. Polozenko, I. Chugunov and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The above issues are relevant in connection with the deteriorating trend of socio-economic development, which requires the solution of some specific tasks related to improving the soundness of state policy in social protection. Problem setting, research goals. The objectives of the study are: to reveal the role of public policy in the field of social protection at this stage of development of public relations; to substantiate the peculiarities of the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of social protection; to analyze and evaluate the state budget expenditures on social protection and social security. The study aims to reveal the strategic directions of state policy in the field of social protection in the context of institutional change. Methods. The article uses a set of research methods: a systematic approach, statistical analysis, structuring, synthesis, etc. Results. The role of government policy of social protection at the current stage is revealed. The peculiarities of the formation and implementation of social protection are substantiated. Furthermore, we analyzed and assessed central budget expenditures on social protection and social security. Finally, the strategic directions of the state policy in the field of social protection of the population in the conditions of institutional transformations are determined. Practical implications. The study results can be used in the process of forming and implementing budget policy. Conclusions. Developing an effective government policy in social protection implies the need to adapt its tools to socio-economic processes. In the development of social relations, strengthening the role of social protection in stabilizing social processes is an important task to improve the financial mechanism of social security based on in-depth analysis and evaluation of budget expenditures on social protection and social security.

Analysis of Social Policy Commitments in the Election Manifestos of the Justice and Development Party: 2002 – 2015

The opinion that social policy implementation affects voter behavior has caused political parties to include social policy commitments in their election manifestos. Given the perception that social policy has an impact on voting behavior as well as economic and political anticipation, social policy is included in election commitments. In this study, the social policy commitments of the Justice and Development Party, which has been in the lead of general elections held during the period 2002-2015, have been evaluated using content analysis. The research sample includes only social policy commitments in the election manifesto. The aim of this study is to investigate the social policy commitment of the Justice and Development Party and to explain the alteration of the social policy perceptive and the implementation of social protection. In this way, the study attempts to explain the social policy approach of the party.

Analysis of Social Policy Commitments in the Election Manifestos of the Justice and Development Party: 2002 – 2015

The opinion that social policy implementation affects voter behavior has caused political parties to include social policy commitments in their election manifestos. Given the perception that social policy has an impact on voting behavior as well as economic and political anticipation, social policy is included in election commitments. In this study, the social policy commitments of the Justice and Development Party, which has been in the lead of general elections held during the period 2002-2015, have been evaluated using content analysis. The research sample includes only social policy commitments in the election manifesto. The aim of this study is to investigate the social policy commitment of the Justice and Development Party and to explain the alteration of the social policy perceptive and the implementation of social protection. In this way, the study attempts to explain the social policy approach of the party.

DEVELOPMENT OF IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISMS OF SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION AT THE STATE LEVEL

Summary.In the context of globalization, large-scale national policy in the field of social protection should significantly reduce the negative social consequences of the economic crisis. Ukraine’s desire to join the European Union is impossible without a system of economic, legal, organizational and other measures of state and non-state institutions and organizations that will influence and promote social stability and create conditions for increasing welfare, ensuring a high standard and quality of life. One of the main components that characterize the meaning of the term «welfare state» is social protection. If we do not try to create an effective social protection system that meets international standards, it will be impossible to create a real welfare state in Ukraine. Therefore, the formation of the social protection system is directly related to the process of achieving the goals set by the Constitution of Ukraine. The implementation of social policy is impossible without the implementation of social protection, and social protection is an important component of social policy and a necessary element of the functioning of the state in a market economy. The process of deeper integration into the world economic community involves many major changes in the state system as part of the socio-economic system, which is based on the idea of combining economic efficiency as a result of market forces and social compromise. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the areas of improving social protection in Ukraine. The article uses structural, logical, functional and comparative analysis as research methods. In the process of writing the article, the author studied the structure of social protection, substantiated the importance of the concept of quality of life in the context of Ukraine’s accession to the European Union, identified objective prerequisites for social development, efficiency and effectiveness of human rights and freedoms. As a result of the research, the issue of social protection development in Ukraine was brought up to date. In particular, the directions of improvement of social protection of the population through the mechanism of targeted assistance are investigated and offered. In this perspective, the strategy of combating poverty in our country is substantiated, in particular, by raising the minimum wage, legalization of shadow incomes and employment plans, as well as changing the priorities of the social protection system: from large-scale benefits to different categories of citizens public resources to help families in need.

Повышение роли профсоюзов Вьетнама по осуществлению социальной защиты трудящихся

The article examines the increasing role of trade unions in Vietnam in the implementation of social protection of employees.

Perspective directions of improving the social policy in Ukraine based on the experience of European countries

The current state, directions, and basic conceptual principles of the state social policy of the EU are studied, their distinctive features are characterized. The level of social development of the EU member states, the main strategic directions of state support of development, features, and needs of the social sphere of Ukraine in the course of the European integration, and strategic goals of their settlement are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of European experience to improve the social model of development and political stability of Ukraine. Modern approaches to the implementation of social policy are outlined. The relationship between social and economic matters in the policy of sustainable human development is shown. Emphasis is placed on the priority of active and effective state social policy, which results in the creation of conditions for the development of the welfare state, ensuring the social orientation of the economy, protection of social interests of on individual, society, and state. The practice of foreign countries on the implementation of social protection and regulation of social development processes is analyzed. Priority areas for reforming Ukraine's state social policy in the context of adaptation to the EU standards are identified. The conditions of functioning of the current system of social protection of the population of Ukraine are analyzed; the experience of leading "welfare states" in the formation of models of social policy is studied; weaknesses and ways to improve the domestic social protection system are identified; approaches to solving the problems of financing in social protection are proposed. Insufficient institutional capacity of the authorities hinders the realization of the potential of the European integration course in full, correct determination of the sequence of steps, calculation of the ways to achieve tasks, search for the necessary solutions for stakeholders to take full advantage of all benefits.

FEATURES OF SOCIAL PROTECTION UNDER CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION OF BUDGETARY POWERS

Introduction. One of the indicators of society's development is the current system of social protection, its effective organization ensures the stable development of society. In the context of decentralization of budgetary powers, local authorities become guarantors of social protection and direct providers of public services, whose main task is to provide citizens with an adequate level of social protection, which is carried out in accordance with state standards. The purpose of the article is to research of the social protection of the population in the conditions of budget decentralization and substantiation of proposals for its improvement in terms of improving the efficiency of social services. Results. The centralized and decentralized models of social protection in Ukraine were considered. The powers of central and local authorities in the implementation of social protection and the provision of social services were systematized. The dynamics of expenditures on social protection from the state budget, local budgets and state extra-budgetary funds was analyzed. Data on changes in the distribution of expenditures between state and local budgets were presented. Conclusions. The main directions of financing the social protection system were indicated. The advantages of the decentralized model of public services over the centralized one were emphasized. In the context of improving the effectiveness of social protection and the quality of social services, it is proposed to reduce the hierarchical network of budgetary institutions in the field of social services, monitoring and analyzing the number of socially vulnerable groups and providing social services on a competitive basis. The implementation of the proposed measures will improve the social protection system and will allow more rational use of public funds.

Міжнародна практика оцінювання якості життя населення літнього віку: систематизація та аналіз із позицій теорії соціальної держави

Стаття присвячена аналізу світової практики оцінювання якості життя населення літнього віку у контексті прогресивних імперативів теорії соціальної держави. Аргументовано, що, серед іншого, в центрі уваги та структурі пріоритетів соціальної держави, як такої, що зорієнтована на виконання соціально-захисних, стимулюючих, суспільно-інтегративних, соціально-інвестиційних функцій та функції соціального контролю, має перебувати зосередженість на проблематиці якості життя населення, зокрема прошарку населення літнього віку. Якість життя осіб літнього віку є одним із визначальних індикаторів успіхів та досягнень у розбудові сучасної соціальної держави. Спираючись на узагальнені теоретичні та отримані за результатами проведеного дослідження емпіричні дані, зроблено висновки щодо стану наближення України до реалізації засад концепції соціальної держави, факт пріоритетності чого зафіксовано у Конституції. Задля вирішення визначених завдань дослідження систематизовано та охарактеризовано міжнародні інтегральні індекси, що застосовуються в процесі визначення якості життя осіб літнього віку, зважаючи на соціально-демографічні характеристики цільової аудиторії, специфіку науково-пошукових та прикладних задач, релевантних методичних підходів та джерел отримання даних. Авторами наведено результати систематизації та аналізу основних підходів щодо оцінювання якості життя населення літнього віку, конкретизовано перспективи їх адаптації до вітчизняних реалій, зважаючи на особливості національної практики статистичних спостережень. Наведено та проаналізовано дані, опубліковані спеціалізованими установами Організації Об’єднаних Націй, Всесвітньої організації охорони здоров’я, Світового банку, Організації економічного співробітництва та розвитку, Європейського Союзу, та дані міжнародних соціологічних опитувань проєкту Gallup WorldView. Наголошено на необхідності розроблення підходів, які б забезпечували можливість зіставлення показників якості життя українців з аналогічними показниками інших країн світу, що аргументує доцільність удосконалення вітчизняної практики статистичних спостережень з метою створення інформаційно-діагностичної платформи, придатної для формулювання об’єктивних висновків стосовно якості життя в Україні, а відтак і ступеня її наближення до стандартів та еталонів держави соціального типу.

Social Protection for Disability in Central Uganda: a Human Development Perspective

Abstract Whereas there is ample empirical evidence on the nature and functioning of formal and informal social protection systems in Uganda, there are limited studies on their influence on the youth living with disabilities. This paper explores the meaning and functioning of social protection strategies among youth living with spina bifida and hydrocephalous in central Uganda. Using data from in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and key informants, the paper observes that there is widespread knowledge on social protection systems among the respondents. Overall, social protection encompasses all measures implemented to address the perceived social exclusion and vulnerabilities related to the disability condition. The paper recommends a philosophical twist to the implementation of social protection by interrogating the human development model of disability which places the elements of the health conditions, impairments and their causes and consequences on the wellbeing of these vulnerable individuals at the core of the theoretical discourse.

Legal Protection for Increasing Insurance to Firefighters which Experiences Work Risk in the Field

The implementation of social protection is one of the responsibilities of the state which is adjusted to the state's financial condition. Social protection is called Jamsostek (Labor Social Security). Jamsostek provides an assurance and protection against socio-economic risks, which can arise due to workplace accidents, disability, illness, old age and death. Protection of security for workers in order to concentrate more on increasing motivation and work productivity is the main thing that must be prioritized by employers. The legal basis must provide a sense of justice, certainty, and legal benefit to firefighters who experience work risks in the field.

The development and management of social workers in E thiopia: A situational analysis

Social protection has become a policy of choice to address rising vulnerabilities and inequalities in Africa. Successful implementation of social protection polices requires proliferation of competent social workers. This article first abstracts elements of an emerging international norm in a comprehensive system for the development and management of social workers and then reviews the extent to which Ethiopia has introduced these elements. It reveals that Ethiopia is in a very early stage in putting in place almost all identified elements of such a system. Recent measures that the Ethiopian government is taking to address this gap are highlighted by way of conclusion.

Evaluating Outside the Box: An Alternative Framework for Analysing Social Protection Programmes

SummaryThe evidence base on social protection programmes is expanding rapidly, largely pointing towards their positive impacts. Most evaluations rely heavily on quantitative techniques and experimental methods to allow for attribution of impacts. In this paper, we argue that new ways of investigation and analysis are needed to expand and deepen the evidence base in support of improved design and implementation of social protection. Greater emphasis on qualitative research, mixed methods and participatory evaluation is crucial, given current evidence gaps about programme dynamics and impacts. This paper proposes a new evaluation framework that goes beyond conventional approaches, by highlighting relatively neglected aspects related to programme processes, social dynamics and feedback loops in programme evaluations.

Transformative social protection programming for children and their carers: a gender perspective

Although social protection has gained substantial attention in recent years as a development measure and long-term response to poverty and vulnerability, it is also being increasingly criticised for failing to pay adequate attention to differences between social groups and the different problems they face in terms of access and take-up of provisions and services. In this article, we seek to challenge common aspirations and expectations of social protection by considering the specific vulnerabilities of children and their carers from a gender perspective. These include different physical and biological needs, a dependency relationship and institutionalised disadvantage, each with practical implications for the design and implementation of social protection. A discussion of delivery mechanism and conditionality illustrates that an appropriate response to children and their carers should not be based on common assumptions but be multi-dimensional, age- and gender-specific and focus on issues across the spectrum of well-being.