Implementation Of Reform Measures Research Articles

Expanding Partnerships and Innovations to Implement Reform of a Large Columbia River Hatchery Program

Recent reviews of salmon and steelhead hatchery programs have led to recommendations to reform hatchery practices and produce better supplementation outcomes. Of particular concern were reductions in performance of supplemented populations due to domestication selection attributed to hatchery production. One key recommendation was to achieve an index of domestication selection termed proportionate natural influence (PNI) of 0.67 or higher. The Priest Rapids Hatchery, located adjacent to the Columbia River below Priest Rapids Dam, was one of the hatcheries included in this review. Data gathered from the hatchery and from the population being supplemented before implementation of reform measures indicated that the program was falling short of this goal. In this case study, we describe the influence of various partnerships and practices implemented in the Priest Rapids Hatchery program to achieve the recommended PNI for the program. The program exceeded the PNI goal in each of the last 5 years and since 2012 has averaged 0.72. The success in reaching the recommended benchmark was the result of generating creative solutions and building diverse decisional and operational partnerships that could achieve goals of hatchery reform in a cost‐effective and broadly supported manner.

Determination of European vector of insurance development of vehicle owners’ civil liability

An analysis of Ukrainian insurance market for vehicle owners’ civil liability is carried out in the article. The main purposes of insurance coverage for compulsory insurance of vehicle owners’ liability are defined. The key issues of bringing a compulsory insurance of vehicle owners’ civil liability into line with European standards are defined. Stages of implementation of key aspects of bringing a compulsory insurance of vehicle owners’ civil liability into line with European guidelines are studied. An implementation of compulsory insurance of vehicle owners’ civil liability is associated with the need to compensate the damage of life, health and/or property of injured in the accident and the protection of property interests. The level of compulsory insurance of vehicle owners’ liability in the insurance market of Ukraine lags behind the level of foreign markets. In terms of European integration, there is an urgent need to find ways of bringing a compulsory insurance of vehicle owners’ civil liability into line with European standards. The results of the analysis of domestic market of compulsory insurance of vehicle owners’ civil liability could argue that implementation of reform measures is realized for all purposes to bring the market into line with European standards . This research may be useful as a part of the program of Ukrainian insurance market development, which will contribute to national economic development and will have confidence and be competitive in the global insurance market .

Design and Implementation of the University Online Course Selecting System Based on B/S Structure

of the credit system, hierarchical teaching and many other teaching implementation of reform measures, making the task of teaching and educational management arrangements become more difficult.

Impact of Bank Mergers on the Efficiency of Banks: A study of merger of Bharat Overseas Bank with Indian Overseas Bank

After the implementation of reform measures, there has been large changes in the philosophy, perceptions, and functioning of commercial banks and banks are expected to manage the large inflows and outflows of financial resources. Therefore a strong banking system through consolidation is required. Under such situations, it is necessary to study the impact of consolidation on different profitability and efficiency parameters of the banks. In the paper the attempt is made to compare the pre-merger and post-merger performance of Bharat Overseas Bank and Indian Overseas Bank by comparing different efficiency parameters like Profit Per employee, Business Per Employee, Investment and Advances, Interest Income, Return on Assets, NPAs etc. The study concluded that after merger there is improvement in all the parameters of the banks. Since 1992, the Indian Banking system has undergone several changes in terms of organisation, functions, resource mobilisation, socio-economic role, problems and solutions. The Indian Banking system has travelled a long way from a highly regulated environment in relation to different parameters such as branch, location, interest rate on deposits and advances, priority sector lending etc. to a highly competitive environment by implementation of reform measures since 1992. In the pre-reform period, profitability was not considered as an important yardstick to evaluate the performance of the banks, particularly the public sector banks. But after the implementation of reform measures, there have been sea changes in the philosophy, perceptions and functioning of commercial banks. In order to understand the changing role of commercial banks and the problems and challenges that they have been facing presently it would be appropriate to study the major developments in the banking sector during the post reform period. One such development that has significantly affected the banking structure is the process of consolidation through Merger & Acquisition. In practice M& A provide an opportunity to banks to share their resources, reduce intermediate costs & expand delivery platforms & to improve chances for economies of scale in their operations. These developments are expected to have important implications for operating performance and profitability in the banking system. Therefore from the view point of both managerial and policy interests, it is extremely important to know how the banking industry has been reacting to the

Evaluating customer-centred reforms in Korean local governments: possibilities and limitations of reform measures for civil application

The customer-centred approach has been in the mainstream of public administration research since the 1980s. However, there have been relatively fewer observations of the developments in East Asian public administration compared to those of Western countries. This study adds to our understanding of administrative reform by analysing the Korean policy measures developed from the customer perspective and by discussing the implications of the Korean experience. The main focus is placed on local governments’ policy schemes introduced to enhance the quality of public services for civil applications. This Korean case study shows the importance of a balanced approach to public administration reforms in the stages from input to feedback and evaluation. Also, the Korean experience reinforces the notion that it may take quite some time to transform old institutions into new ones, even when conditions for reform are provided. Despite the notable success of the Korean reform measures in empowering local residents to participate in administrative processes, the legacies of the authoritarian and elitist tradition still remain in Korean public administration, and influence even the formulation and implementation of reform measures.

Access to Bank Credit in Sub-Saharan Africa: Key Issues and Reform Strategies

This study discusses issues of access to bank credit in Sub-Saharan Africa, and examines measures that could help facilitate access by the private sector to bank credit. It reviews in particular obstacles to credit small- and medium-scale enterprises and agriculture, and examines progress in the design and implementation of reform measures that are needed to create an institutional environment more supportive of credit activity. It also reviews bank interest rate spreads and profit margins, and their determinants, and compares such spreads with those prevailing in other regions of the world.

Access to Bank Credit in Sub-Saharan Africa: Key Issues and Reform Strategies

This study discusses issues of access to bank credit in Sub-Saharan Africa, and examines measures that could help facilitate access by the private sector to bank credit. It reviews in particular obstacles to credit small- and medium-scale enterprises and agriculture, and examines progress in the design and implementation of reform measures that are needed to create an institutional environment more supportive of credit activity. It also reviews bank interest rate spreads and profit margins, and their determinants, and compares such spreads with those prevailing in other regions of the world.

How and how far to liberalize a developing economy with informal sector and factor market distortions

Whether a liberalizing developing economy should implement the entire WTO-prescribed package, and to what extent this is expedient, are two important questions, especially because the available empirical evidence suggests that developing countries have been facing substantial adjustment costs in their endeavour to implement trade and investment reform. The present paper makes a humble effort to provide answers to the above questions in terms of a three-sector general equilibrium model with informal sectors. Welfare implications of three liberalization policies: inflow of foreign capital, tariff reduction and labour market reform, have first been analysed in a full-employment framework. Later, the paper has been extended into a Harris – Todaro framework with an urban informal sector and capital market distortion. We have shown that welfare consequences of a tariff reform and/or a policy of deregulating the labour market crucially depend on the presence and magnitude of foreign capital in the economy. It is argued here that unless a proper choice among different prescribed policies, compatible with the internal institutional, technological and trade-related characteristics, is made, drastic implementation of reform measures may produce counterproductive results for the welfare of the relevant country.

How and How Far to Liberalize A Small Open Economy with Informal Sectors and A Non-Traded Intermediary

Whether a liberalizing developing economy should implement the entire WTO-prescribed package and to what extent this is expedient, are the two burning questions, especially because available empirical evidence suggests that the developing countries have been facing substantial adjustment costs in their endeavor in implementing trade and investment reform. The present paper makes a humble effort to provide answers to the above questions in terms of a three-sector general equilibrium model with informal sectors and a non-traded intermediary. Welfare implications of three liberalization policies: inflow of foreign capital, tariff reduction and labour market reform, have been analyzed. The paper shows that there is no need for a liberalizing country to follow all the recommendations of the WTO, without taking into consideration the net welfare outcome of these policies. Unless, a proper choice among different prescribed policies compatible to the internal institutional, technological and trade related characteristics is made, drastic implementation of reform measures may produce counterproductive result on welfare of the relevant country.