Implementation Of Open Innovation Research Articles

Investigating the Role of Innovation Capabilities and the Impact of Knowledge Transfer and Open Innovation Implementation on SME Performance in Yogyakarta

The study aims to examine the role of innovation capabilities and the impact of knowledge transfer and open innovation on the SMEs’ performance in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Although previous research on open innovation has been conducted in Indonesia, it has not been specific to this region, and there are variables that still need to be explored concerning improving SMEs’ performance. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap through research. An online questionnaire with a five-point Likert points was distributed to respondents who work actively and occupy functional positions in SMEs in Yogyakarta. A total of 202 respondents contributed to this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS and PLS-SEM with the SmartPLS tool. The results of this research reveal that the variables of knowledge transfer and open innovation positively influence SMEs performance and Innovation capabilities have a role in this relationship. Openness to innovation triggered by innovation capabilities will later encourage business practitioners to continuously innovate in their business performance, such as innovation in improving product quality. In this case, businesses need to consider the critical role of knowledge transfer in improving business performance. This study contributes to enriching the literature related to the concept of open innovation and SME performance. Additionally, the results of this study provide valuable insights for business practitioners to implement these three variables to enhance of their business performance.

Investigating the barriers towards adoption and implementation of open innovation in healthcare

Open innovation, characterized by collaborative approaches and knowledge-sharing across organizational boundaries, holds great promise for transforming healthcare practices. However, the complexities of the healthcare landscape introduce unique challenges that impede the widespread adoption of open innovation initiatives and warrant an enquiry into barriers associated with one of the open innovation initiatives, i.e. digital clinic. Hence, this study investigates medical professionals' resistance towards digital clinics in emerging markets. Using innovation resistance theory (IRT) as underpinning theory, the study investigates the effects of performance barriers, value barriers, risk barriers, legal barriers, tradition barriers, and image barriers. This study also examined how the effects of barriers on inertia vary at different levels of medical professionals' personal innovativeness. The structural equation modelling and Process Macro are used to analyze the collected data. The findings indicate that value barriers, risk barriers, legal barriers, and tradition barriers play crucial roles in framing resistance intention towards digital clinics. The study uniquely enriches the emerging literature related to digital clinics by investigating the role of different barriers and inertia in digital clinic adoption. The study helps hospitals understand different barriers towards digital clinic adoption intention.

Antecedents and outcomes of open innovation over the past 20 years: A framework and meta‐analysis

AbstractThe open innovation paradigm emphasizes that firms can improve their innovation performance by collaborating with other firms. However, there is no consensus in the open innovation literature regarding what drives firms' implementation of inbound and outbound open innovation and how the two types of open innovation influence innovation and firm performance. The present meta‐analysis synthesizes previous research to advance our understanding of open innovation by reexamining its antecedents and its moderating effects on innovation and firm performance. Using data from 157 articles, our results show that appropriation strategy, formal organizational structure, learning culture and top manager competence drive inbound open innovation, while innovation strategy, appropriation strategy, learning culture, and top manager competence drive outbound open innovation. In addition, we find that absorptive capacity positively moderates the positive impact of inbound and outbound open innovation on innovation performance. However, industry type (i.e., high‐ and low‐tech) is not found to moderate the effect of open innovation on innovation or firm performance, suggesting that both high‐ and low‐tech firms can equally reap benefits from open innovation. Furthermore, this study also partially supports the moderating effects of firm size and cultural value (individualism vs. collectivism) on the open innovation—performance relationship. These findings collectively suggest that the effects of inbound and outbound open innovation on performance are subject to contextual factors. Although this meta‐analysis does not allow us to generate new theories in the open innovation literature, it offers valuable insights to both academics and practitioners regarding factors affecting the implementation of open innovation and its performance implications.

Assessing the effectiveness of open innovation implementation strategies in the promotion of ambidextrous innovation in Thai small and medium-sized enterprises

The adoption of open innovation practices is becoming increasingly important for SMEs seeking to remain competitive in today's fast-paced business environment. The aim of this study is to understand the implementation of open innovation processes by SMEs while highlighting two critical processes: open innovation implementation (OII) and open ambidextrous innovation practices (OAIP). The study employes a second-order factor analysis incorporating multigroup structural invariance analysis to explore the differences in ambidextrous innovation practices across SME size categories using a sample of 615 SMEs in Thailand. The primary finding reveals and confirms a statistically significant positive relationship between the implementation of open innovation and the advancement of ambidextrous innovation practices. This relationship underlines the importance of embracing open innovation, as it fosters ambidextrous innovation, thereby enabling fresh perspectives, accelerating creativity, and facilitating knowledge exchange. Three categories of MSMEs—microenterprises, small enterprises, and medium-sized enterprises—are shown to be well positioned for adopting open innovation strategies, each demonstrating a significant ability to foster open innovation practices. In the study, practical and policy recommendations for business practitioners and policy-makers are presented, emphasizing the importance of understanding the organizational, managerial, technological, and contextual factors that underpin successful open innovation implementation. A novel structural second-order factor model that deepens our understanding of the complex relationships between open innovation processes is also introduced, offering valuable insights for academic researchers. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of SMEs embracing open innovation practices and promoting ambidextrous innovation for sustained success and growth, and key strategic takeaways are proposed based on the empirical item-scale results.

How to promote open innovation in restricted situations? Digital transformation perspective

PurposeIn the context of innovation-driven development strategy, open innovation has become an important way for enterprises to gain competitive advantages on the path of innovation and development. However, with the increasing competition, enterprises' open innovation is restricted by some constraints. How to promote open innovation in the restricted situations has become an existing research gap. Based on the perspective of digital transformation, this paper discusses how to promote the open innovation of enterprises under the restricted situations and find its breakthrough path, and analyzes the moderating effect of innovation persistence and political relevance.Design/methodology/approachDue to the complexity and confidentiality of military–civilian integration enterprises, they have become typical innovation-restricted enterprises. In this study, it selects a-share listed companies in the field of military–civilian integration in China in 2016–2020 as the research sample, and uses the two-way fixed-effect model to analyze the proposed variables. Finally, the robustness of the results in this paper is verified by a series of robustness tests and endogeneity tests.FindingsThe results show that digital transformation facilitates open innovation in military–civil integration enterprises, and that innovation persistence and political relevance positively moderate the relationship between the two. Further, digital transformation can promote open innovation in military–civil integration enterprises by easing the financing constraints and reducing information asymmetry. Innovation persistence has a more pronounced positive moderating effect among civilian-to-military and SMEs, and digital transformation of firms in the South has a negative effect on open innovation, but innovation persistence and political relevance dampen this negative effect.Originality/valuePrevious studies on the restrictions of open innovation or its dark side are mostly case studies and qualitative research. In contrast, the superiority and novelty of this study is in the form of a typical innovation-restricted enterprises “civil-military integration enterprise” as the research sample, based on the perspective of digital transformation, through empirical analysis method to explore how to better implementation of open innovation in the restricted situations. The findings of the study can not only enrich the application of digital transformation and open innovation theory, but also provide practical guidance for military–civil integration innovation in restricted situations.

SMEs and open innovation: Challenges and costs of engagement

Traditional literature in terms of Open Innovation broadly explored the potential benefits firms might achieve in collaborating with external partners. However, in such a recognized framework, the investigation of the costs firms face remains an underexplored field. Understanding the immediate economic impact of Open Innovation strategies is crucial, especially for SMEs that usually suffer from a structural lack of financial resources. To fill this gap, the present study explores the costs sustained by SMEs in the short run while implementing Open Innovation's strategies. Moreover, in line with the new challenges introduced by new technologies, the study explores how Open Innovation costs vary for digital and non-digital SMEs. In doing so, the study relies on a sample of 377 digital and non-digital European SMEs. In general terms, results show that Open Innovation represents a short-term cost for both types of SMEs. However, in investigating the different Open Innovation challenges addressed by SMEs, findings reveal that especially digital SMEs may limit costs by reducing their external activities and keeping their activity focused on the core business. These findings have implications for both SMEs and scholars, which are expected to lead to further investigations.

Investigating predictors for the successful implementation of open innovation: A case of small and medium enterprises in KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa

Investigating predictors for the successful implementation of open innovation: A case of small and medium enterprises in KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa

The organizational determinants of open innovation: a literature framework and future research directions

ABSTRACT This paper aims to explore the organizational determinants of open innovation (OI). A review of 154 publications taken from management and innovation journals makes us identify four dimensions of ‘resource-related’ organizational factors that can determine OI: resource investment (what or how many resources are being invested), organizational structure (where resources are being attributed), human capital (who or what individual-level characteristics are) and the attitudes of individuals (how resources are being treated). We also identify core theoretical lenses and propose moderating and mediating mechanisms that can explain the relationship between the dimensions and OI. Based on this, we generate a literature framework and propose that the effects of organizational factors on the implementation of OI can be achieved by influencing firms’ dynamic abilities, and that these effects vary across costs-related contingencies. We also suggest several directions for addressing relevant unexplored questions within the framework.

System of Project Management at a Medical Hub as an Instrument for Implementation of Open Innovation

Globalization activates qualitative changes in multiple economic entities and requires the development of alternative forms of business organization. At present, one of the most promising development tracks is represented by the implementation of network structures, aimed at achieving common goals and obtaining a win-win outcome via joint effort. Business structures that invite dynamic and consistent transformations on a wide scale prove to be able to successfully compete in the market. In this regard, a project management system at a medical hub serves as a vital tool for implementation of open innovation. Participation in the medical hub allows coordinating intentions and establishing aligned communication between all stakeholders, suppliers and private institutions. In modern sectors of the economy, a developing hub becomes a unique structure, because it unites the contributions of the most important healthcare specialists in a single framework. This research examines the structure of healthcare business process models, and scrutinizes the communication between suppliers, partners and consumers of medical services. It also defines the main directions and outlines strategic goals. Assessment of performance of a project management system at a medical hub proves to be the issue of particular relevance, due to the fact that its tasks should be primarily aimed at increasing the share of successful projects and implementing only those ones that comply with the strategy. Based on the latter, a model for the project management system at a medical hub was designed. As a result, the authors developed an assessment mechanism for innovative projects using SNA methods that align with intra-communication interactions (transactions) between the participants in a medical hub. The conducted research allows concluding that in the current era of cutting-edge technologies, the project management system should be considered the most effective management tool for coordinating the actions of a corporate structure at a medical hub.

Assessment of the innovation level of the brazilian electric sector's (SEB) RD&I program

The purpose of this article was to estimate the degree of innovation in SEB's RD&I program, and to assess the current status of the program in terms of the concept of the missing link of innovation or valley of death of innovation. The methodological procedures adopted were qualitative and exploratory, with mixed methods, including bibliographic and documental research and field research applied through a questionnaire in electronic form. Forty-eight questionnaires were answered from a population of 140 R&D managers and researchers from the SEB. The results obtained in the documental research indicate that Brazil is in an uncomfortable position in the Global Innovation Index (GII) ranking. It occupied the 47th position in 2011, and in 2021, it was 57th. It is 4th in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) Top 5 and among the BRICS; it is in the last position. The Innovation Efficiency Index (IEI) was 0.92 in 2011 and in 2021 it was 0.55. As for the Innovation Intensity Index, Brazil has only one company from the electricity sector in a ranking with 2,500 organizations. The evaluation of the RD&I maturity of the SEB revealed that it is a grade 3 ecosystem, under development. The estimation of the technological readiness level of the SEB showed that only 12.50% of the surveyed companies evaluate using the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) or Manufacturing Readiness Levels (MRL) scale, 47.92% do not evaluate TRL/MRL, and 39.58% evaluate, but remain in the initial stages. The analysis of the missing link of innovation leads to believe that the vast majority of projects of the RD&I of the SEB are plunging into the valley of death of innovation. It remains as a suggestion for research the formation of research networks in the SEB and the implementation of open innovation with the inclusion of startups.

The impact of digital empowerment on open innovation performance of enterprises from the perspective of SOR.

As China's digital transformation index continues to climb and market openness increases, the active implementation of open innovation embedded in digital innovation eco-networks is key to implementing sustainable innovation-driven strategies. The widespread use of digital technologies has broken through the traditional closed boundaries of enterprises and enhanced technology exchange, information communication and R&D collaboration with other innovation agents.However, many enterprises' digital empowerment efforts only stay at the level of digital technology, but do not rise to the level of corporate strategy. How to comprehensively promote the change of enterprise digital empowerment and help enterprises build a sustainable open innovation ecosystem needs further research. This article uses the structure equation model and the necessary condition analysis methods to combine the stimulus-organization-reaction (SOR) theory to analyze the conduction mechanism of digital authorization to open innovation from a cognitive perspective. (1) In the era of digital economy, digital empowerment emphasizes the initiative and adaptability of enterprises, and explores a sustainable digital road suitable for enterprises themselves; (2) Organizational emotional ability and organizational disordered atmosphere play a mediating role between digital empowerment and open innovation, but organizational emotional ability has a positive impact on open innovation, while organizational disordered atmosphere is the opposite. (3) Organizational identity positively regulates the relationship between the disordered atmosphere and open innovation. The development of digital technology has adapted deviations with traditional management models. Organizing the investment in digital construction should also pay attention to the digital training and digital thinking of organizational members.Organizations should provide organizational support through various channels, enhance employees' organizational commitments to create a relationship -shaped psychological contract, regularly carry out digital education and organizational culture, reduce the differential atmosphere between teams, enhance the team's awareness of cooperation and trust in the teamAnd overall consciousness.

Pendekatan Open Innovation Pada Usaha Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) “Indococo” Oleh CV.Emka Indococo Sejahtera Di Kelurahan Sarongsong I Kecamatan Airmadidi Kabupaten Minahasa Utara

This study aims to identify open innovation practice on SMEs with focus on CV. Emka Indococo Sejahtera that produce VCO “Indococo” located in Kecamatan Airmadidi on North Minahasa Regency. This study was conducted from August to November 2022. Using primary data by collected through interviews with inventor of VCO “Indococo” i.e. Prof. Dr. Ir. Lucia C. Mandey, MS and used secondary data collected through Google Scholar such as books, journal article and literature reviews. Identification results showed that open innovation has applied on CV. Emka Indococo Sejahtera as their business strategy. With their position on topdown, strategically-driven, distributed activities, open innovation practices by CV. Emka Indococo Sejahtera showed that their business activities as a strategy related to open innovation activities so there is an encouraged to developed and more exploration open innovation implementation as a strategy to survive in the market in the future.

How do institutional effects shape open innovation adoption?

ABSTRACT Open innovation (OI) application has gradually expanded to traditional and institutionalised industries, which have their own institutional logic. Organisations in such industries are subject to strict regulations designed to mitigate risk and build organisational legitimacy. Despite its various advantages, OI adoption and implementation is challenging. Yet, institutional effects could play a critical role in facilitating organisations’ change, especially when uncertainty exists. This study focuses on the analytical investigation of the three main institutional effects, i.e. coercive, mimetic and normative forces, on the implementation of OI. A case study approach was used to analyse the issue concerned. A total of four case studies were conducted. The research outcome highlights the role of institutional effects in the implementation of OI. It suggests that institutional effects are an effective means of stimulating the adoption of OI and can guide the organisational innovation process. Moreover, the results highlight the relationship between organisational characteristics and institutional effects. Coercive forces are more important for organisations that are government owned and controlled, while mimetic forces are more crucial for organisations with limited resources. Normative forces have a particular impact on the actions of organisations having direct or indirect ties with the professional networks.

Designing an Open Innovation Model for Human Resource Management in the Petrochemical Industry

Objective: The purpose of this study was to design an open innovation model for human resource management in the petrochemical industry. Method: The population consisted of 17 university professors specialized in human resources and experts and senior managers of the petrochemical industry, selected through purposive sampling. The main tool used in this study was semi-structured interviews, and open, axial, and selective coding methods were used for data analysis with the assistance of MAXQDA 2020 statistical software. Results: The results of open coding revealed that a total of 215 open codes were identified, forming 83 categories. Conclusion: Ultimately, the final examination of these categories determined that the most important factors affecting open innovation include human resource management, organizational leadership, knowledge management, organizational infrastructure, collaboration with universities and research institutions, and external participation. Furthermore, organizational structure, information technology capabilities, and social media were identified as intervening factors, while organizational relationships, organizational culture, and managers' emotional intelligence were recognized as contextual factors in the implementation of open innovation. Among the strategies for improving the open innovation paradigm are organizational learning, idea evaluation structures, micro and macro investments, business intelligence, organizational entrepreneurship, and growth centers, leading to organizational readiness, improved absorptive capacity, cultural infrastructure enhancement, knowledge resource updating, intellectual property, outsourcing approach, organizational performance improvement, and market change adaptability.

The implementation of inbound open innovation at the firm level: A dynamic capability perspective

The implementation of inbound open innovation at the firm level: A dynamic capability perspective

Driving Innovation Initiatives in a Multinational Company Subsidiary: A Case Study and Conceptual Framework for Further Application

This study aims at identifying factors that facilitate the development of the capacity to generate innovations in a subsidiary of a multinational company. Based on the understanding that innovation management deals with the establishment of organizational routines and the investigation of environmental factors that affect the success of the innovation process, the purpose of this work is to contribute toward identifying these factors. For this, a single case study was carried out in a Brazilian subsidiary of a German multinational company, having as incorporated objects the two Business Units of the subsidiary. The results include 20 potential factors to drive the innovation process in the subsidiary company organized as a tree-like structure with three categories: reasons to innovate, spontaneous factors and induced factors. The structure serves as a conceptual framework to address future research, as well as to help subsidiaries’ managers to leverage innovative potential. The study opens room for further implementation of open innovation in the company, as the innovation process is now more stable and robust. Excellent alternatives for open innovation projects are available in the local market and can now be implemented by the company.

Industrial and Organizational Mutations in the Medical and Pharmaceutical Sectors impulsed by Open Innovation during the Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic tragically emphasized severe failures of health systems. In particular, the saturation of hospital infrastructures and the lack of medical devices is crucial for respiratory ventilators. The medical and pharmaceutical sectors had to find urgently new ways to innovate efficiently in R&D, to produce devices, therapeutic trials, and vaccines, and make them available on a large scale. Our work will analyze that these innovations related to Covid-19 have been largely based on Open Innovation. For that purpose, exploratory case studies will be shown that exemplify the value of implementing Open Innovation in the pandemic context. These case studies concern the pharmaceutical firm Pfizer, the biotechnology company BioNTech, and the respiratory ventilator open development coalition OxyGEN (from design company Protofy. xyz to the hospitals' network of Barcelona and manufacturer SEAT). Methodologically, these case studies build on a full referencing and systematic analysis of articles, scientific documents, and published reports related to the Open Innovation involvement of these organizations since the start of the pandemic. Based on the operative contributions from these revelatory case studies, we can show that Open Innovation is a highly efficient vector for extended partnerships for accelerated R&D and operational production contextually to pandemic emergencies.

Does effectuation make innovative digital multi-sided platform startups? An investigation of entrepreneurial behavior in platform-based open innovation

PurposeThis research investigates the nature of regulatory-focused effectuation (as the basis of entrepreneurial behavior) in absorptive capacity development for open innovation implementation, the role of crowds or communities management practices in the effectuation-based open innovation process, and open innovation performance as the output of the open innovation process in digital multi-sided platform (MSP) startups context.Design/methodology/approachIn order to verify the hypothesis, the researcher conducts a quantitative study that is based on a self-administered questionnaire and employs the PLS-SEM approach. The sample comprises of 70 Indonesian digital MSP businesses that have been operational for at least three years and have used open innovation approaches with their audiences, communities or complementors.FindingsThe research findings imply that there is a connection between promotion-focused effectuation and the open innovation process. This connection is particularly strong when it comes to the incorporation of absorptive capacity and crowds or communities management practices. On the other hand, prevention-focused effectuation shows insignificant effect toward open innovation process in digital MSP startups context.Research limitations/implicationsThe research findings imply that with limited resources and experiences, young entrepreneurs can still implement open innovation strategy for their digital MSP platform through effectuation principles that leverage the external resources from digital platform ecosystem members.Practical implicationsIn digital MSP startups context that perform promotion-based effectuation principles, innovation performance can be achieved by analyzing new insight, transforming the existing activities with the new insight, creating new offering afterward, as well as strengthening crowds or communities management practices through co-creation activities with platform ecosystem members that may lead into new business model.Originality/valueThe originality of this work is to make a contribution to the literature on strategic entrepreneurship by describing the phenomena of the paradox of resource-based theory; adopting open innovation strategy under constrained initial resources and capabilities scenario.

Enhancing servitization by international consumer integration: the influence of open innovation and co-creation

PurposeResearch demonstrates that servitization can achieve competitive advantages for firms; however, many firms are unable to achieve their target values due to various challenges. This study proposes a new model in which open innovation and co-creation are utilized to access consumer knowledge during the servitization process when developing customized services for international markets.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was used to collect the data from 150 manufacturing firms. The data were analyzed using the partial least squares (PLS) approach.FindingsThe results indicate that open innovation positively affects servitization strategy. Moreover, consumer co-creation moderates the impacts of servitization on firm performance.Practical implicationsThis study confirms the significant role of open innovation and consumer integration in the servitization process, establishing that managers should effectively integrate different stakeholders from the service design stage (through open innovation) to the service delivery stage (through co-creation).Originality/valueThe paper's results prominently advance the present body of servitization literature by showing how the implementation of open innovation improves the servitization process, an issue that has been ignored in previous studies. Moreover, it seeks to resolve the inconsistent results on servitization's effect on performance by indicating the role of consumer co-creation in the servitization–performance link.

Patent actor-network formation from regional innovation to open innovation: a comparison between Europe and China

ABSTRACT The automotive industry faces the challenge of digital transformation at present, especially the autonomous vehicle. To explore the innovation links between different regional innovation systems, this study proposed a theoretical framework combining actor network, regional innovation and open innovation systems. Through the social network analysis and non-parametric test of patent data, the research findings show many significant differences between Europe and China. Finally, some suggestions are provided for strategy planning and policy implementation of open innovation.