Implementation Of Management Strategies Research Articles

The impact of dynamic pricing on restaurant customers’ perceptions and price sentiment

Purpose This study aims to examine how dynamic pricing impacts customer perceptions of restaurants and sentiment toward prices via online reputation metrics. In addition, to deepen the debate on dynamic pricing, a novel definition is drawn by exploring the specific forms of discrimination that can manifest in different industries. Design/methodology/approach Leveraging a comprehensive data set of restaurant reviews sourced from TripAdvisor, the study focuses on restaurants affiliated with one of the largest groups of restaurants in Spain. We used a quasi-experimental method (difference-in-differences), to study how dynamic pricing strategies influence customers’ perceptions of value based on numerical ratings. Meanwhile, we used a Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers model on the textual component of reviews to dissect the emotional nuances of dynamic pricing. Findings Results did not reveal a causal impact of dynamic pricing strategies on customers’ perceptions. Moreover, the sentiment analysis shows no heightened negative view after introducing dynamic pricing in restaurants compared to the control group. Contrary to what previous literature suggests, our findings indicate that implementing dynamic pricing does not adversely affect customers’ perceptions or sentiments regarding prices in restaurants. Research limitations/implications The quasi-experimental setting of the study presents inherent challenges in establishing causality that require further investigation using controlled experimental settings. Nevertheless, our study reveals that restaurant customers do not perceive dynamic pricing as unfair. This finding is critical for restaurant managers when considering the implementation of dynamic pricing and revenue management strategies. In addition, our study highlights the importance of considering not only numerical ratings but customer sentiment analysis as well. This more holistic approach to assessing the impact of pricing strategies can give restaurant managers a deeper understanding of customer reactions. In addition, a more rigorous definition of dynamic pricing is provided, clarifying its nature and its distinction in using different price discrimination. Originality/value This study contributes to the evolving understanding of dynamic pricing strategies’ impact on customers’ perceptions and sentiments in the restaurant industry. It aims to fill the gap in understanding customer reactions to algorithmically determined prices (via revenue management systems such as DynamEat) in this industry. The combination of causal inference and sentiment analysis offers a novel perspective, shedding light on the nuanced connections between dynamic pricing implementation and customers’ emotions.

First report of Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum Causing Gummy Stem Blight on Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. in China.

Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. (Cucurbitaceae), one of the Chinese herbal medicines, is an economically important crop in Anhui Province, China. In recent years, gummy stem blight disease, a major disease of cucurbits, was widespread in many T. kirilowii plantations. The initial symptoms on the naturally infected stems appeared as dark brown water-soaked lesions, and as the disease progressed, vines of T. kirilowii gradually withered. On leaves, brown water-soaked lesions were visible initially, and then lesions enlarged and coalesced, resulting in extensive necrosis of leaves. On fruit, lesions covered with the white mycelium were nearly circular and tan to brown initially. Subsequently, the diseased fruit turned black and rotten commonly known as fruit rot or black rot. A Stagonosporopsis-like organism was consistently isolated from symptomatic stems, leaves and fruits. Fungal isolates were initially white and later turned dark grey or black with woolly to floccose aerial mycelium on PDA medium. Twenty-four isolates from different plantations were selected for further morphological studies. Pycnidia and conidia were formed after inoculating on cucumber fruit for 3 days. Pycnidia were globose to sub-globose, brown, ostiolate and 106.7 to 213.6 μm (average 160.1 μm, n = 50) in diameter. Conidia were hyaline, ellipsoidal, aseptate or one-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, 6.1 to 13.6 × 3.5 to 4.8 μm (average 9.9 × 4.1 μm, n = 50), and contained two or more oil drops. Three different loci of the genomic DNA, including the nuclear ribosome DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit (RPB2), and β-tubulin (TUB2) genes., were amplified using primers ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), RBP2DF/RBP2DR (Lawrence et al. 2013), and T1/β-Sandy-R (O' Donnell and Cigelnik 1997; Stukenbrock et al. 2012), respectively and sequenced. A phylogenetic tree was built based on analysis of ITS, RPB2, and TUB2 sequences that deposited in GenBank (MW485497-MW485502 for ITS, MW531661-MW531666 for RPB2, and MW531667-MW531672 for TUB2), using the maximum likelihood method. The phylogenetic tree showed that the isolates fell into a single clade with S. cucurbitacearum. On the basis of morphological and molecular characteristics, the isolates obtained from T. kirilowii were identified as Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum. Pathogenicity tests were carried out on stems and leaves of 4-week-old T. kirilowii seedlings and on immature fruit collected from adult T. kirilowii plants. The epidermis, previously injured with a syringe needle, was inoculated with 5-mm-diameter mycelial plugs, and the inoculated areas were then wrapped in water-soaked cotton. Controls were similarly inoculated with agar plugs. The diameters of lesions were measured in two perpendicular directions. Re-isolations from the stem and leaf lesions were performed on the PDA medium. Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum, was re-identified based on its colony and conidial characteristics and, therefore, completed Koch's postulates. Gummy stem blight caused by S. cucurbitacearum has been reported in a wide range of hosts, including cucumber, luffa, pumpkin, gourd, muskmelon, cantaloupe, and watermelon (Jiang et al. 2015; Keinath 2011; Zhao et al. 2019). To our knowledge, this is the first report of gummy Stem blight disease on T. kirilowii caused by S. cucurbitacearum in China. The research provides a basis for the development and implementation of effective management strategies. Pathogenicity tests were carried out on stems and leaves of 4-week-old T. kirilowii seedlings and on immature fruits collected from adult T. kirilowii plants. The epidermis, previously injured with a syringe needle, was inoculated with 5-mm-diameter mycelial plugs, and the inoculated areas were then wrapped in water-soaked cotton. Controls were treated similarly but inoculated with agar plugs. Diameters of lesions were measured in two mutually perpendicular directions. Reisolations from the lesions were performed on PDA medium, and was re-identified based on its colony and conidial characteristics to complete Koch's postulates. Gummy stem blight caused by S. cucurbitacearum have been reported in a wide range of hosts, including cucumber, luffa, pumpkin, gourd, muskmelon, cantaloupe, and watermelon (Jiang et al. 2015; Keinath 2011; Zhao et al. 2019). To our knowledge, this is the first report of gummy Stem blight disease on T. kirilowii caused by S. cucurbitacearum in China. The research provides a basis for the development and implementation of effective management strategies.

Spatial assessment of pollutants concentration in air and soils impacted by industrial wastes in lagos state, Nigeria

The mega city of Lagos, Nigeria is plagued by various environmental issues, chief amongst them being environmental pollution induced by poor and disjointed urban industrial waste management practices. This study aimed to identify and quantify the types of urban industrial waste generated in Lagos State. The State plays host to the largest population base in Nigeria with over twenty million people. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design. Soil, industrial waste generation and pollutant levels were determined with the aid of a thermal mass gas flow meter. Industrial wastes were measured in situ using a weighting scale, while surface soil samples were collected at depths of 0–30 cm. Results show that 20% of the industrial waste generated in the metropolis was ignitable (possibility of spontaneous combustion). The results were thereafter compared with international standards on the permissible limits for various pollutants in air and soil of Lagos State. Ikorodu had the greatest contribution of industrial waste generated in Lagos, followed by Ikeja, Oshodi, Ojo/Alaba and Surulere. The implications of these results and findings is that a lot needs to be done in terms of appropriate legislation, enforcement and tracking of industrial waste generation in Lagos State for effective monitoring and implementation of management strategies.

Understanding and managing drug trafficking in prison. A rapid evidence assessment (REA)

This Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) discusses the structure, organisation, and motivation of drug trafficking in prison, as well as the supply route and how these evolve, which could be key in developing strategies to restrict the supply of drugs in prisons. Literature within this area is limited, specifically research into prison drug markets and distribution, despite it being a significant focus within policies within custodial settings. The aims of this REA were achieved, and the findings have been divided into structure, organisation and motivation of drug trafficking and supply as well as distribution routes, which have then been subdivided into further themes. The insight and understanding provided in the current review, could inform the development and implementation of effective management strategies for drug trafficking in prison, including interventions for this population. Additionally, these findings could be used to aid Forensic Psychologists in providing consultancy, conducting research, as well as assessing and understanding the criminogenic needs for this population.

Exploring the potential of Bacillus for crop productivity and sustainable solution for combating rice false smut disease.

Rice false smut, which is caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens (U. virens), is one of the most threatening diseases in most of the rice-growing countries including India that causes 0.5-75% yield loss, low seed germination, and a reduction in seed quality. The assessment of yield loss helps to understand the relevance of disease severity and facilitates the implementation of appropriate management strategies. This study aimed to mitigate biotic stress in rice by employing a rhizobacterial-based bioformulation, which possesses diverse capabilities as both a plant growth promoter and a biocontrol agent against U. virens. Rhizobacteria were isolated from the soil of the rice rhizospheres from the healthy plant of the false smut affected zone. Furthermore, they were identified as Bacillus strains: B. subtilis (BR_4), B. licheniformis (BU_7), B. licheniformis (BU_8), and B. vallismortis (KU_7) via sequencing. Isolates were screened for their biocontrol potential against U. virens under in vitro conditions. The antagonistic study revealed that B. vallismortis (KU_7) inhibited U. virens the most (44.6%), followed by B. subtilis BR_4 (41.4%), B. licheniformis BU_7 (39.8%), and B. licheniformis BU_8 (43.5%). Various biochemical and plant growth promoting attributes, such as phosphate and Zn solubilization, IAA, ammonium, siderophore, and chitinase production, were also investigated for all the selected isolates. Furthermore, the potential of the isolates was tested in both in vitro and field conditions by employing talc-based bioformulation through bio-priming and root treatment. The application of bioformulation revealed a 20% decrease in disease incidence in plants treated with B. vallismortis (KU_7), a 60.5% increase in the biological yield, and a 45% increase in the grain yield. This eco-friendly approach not only controlled the disease but also improved the grain quality and reduced the chaffiness.

Where we stand on chronic wasting disease: A systematic literature review of its prevalence patterns, impacts, and management interventions

With high fatality and no cure, chronic wasting disease (CWD) has infected cervids in multiple regions, including the United States, Canada, Europe, and South Korea. Despite the rapid growth of literature on CWD, the full scope of its ecological, social, and economic impacts and the most effective and socially acceptable management strategies to mitigate the disease is unclear. Of 3008 initially identified published peer-reviewed papers, 134 were included in a final systematic literature review to synthesize the current knowledge on CWD transmission patterns, impacts, and the effectiveness of management interventions. The number of publications on CWD has increased steadily since 2000 with an average of six papers per year. Most papers were related to CWD prevalence (39 %), human behavior (33 %), CWD impacts (31 %), and management interventions (16 %). Environmental factors such as soil, water, and plants were identified as the most common transmission medium, with a higher prevalence rate among adult male cervids than females. Hunters showed a higher risk perception and were more likely to change hunting behavior due to CWD detection than non-hunters. Ecological impacts included the decreased survival rate accompanied by lower population growth, eventually leading to the decline of cervid populations. Culling was found to be an effective and widely implemented management strategy across countries, although it often was associated with public resistance. Despite potentially high negative economic impacts anticipated due to CWD, studies on this subject were limited. Sustained surveillance, ongoing research, and engagement of affected stakeholders will be essential for future disease control and management.

Effects of esketamine on postoperative fatigue syndrome in patients after laparoscopic resection of gastric carcinoma: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundDespite the implementation of various postoperative management strategies, the prevalence of postoperative fatigue syndrome (POFS) remains considerable among individuals undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy. While the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist esketamine has demonstrated efficacy in enhancing sleep quality and alleviating postoperative pain, its impact on POFS remains uncertain. Consequently, the objective of this study is to ascertain whether perioperative administration of esketamine can effectively mitigate the occurrence of POFS in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.MethodsA total of 133 patients diagnosed with gastric cancer were randomly assigned to two groups, namely the control group (Group C) (n = 66) and the esketamine group (Group E) (n = 67), using a double-blind method. The Group C received standardized anesthesia, while the Group E received esketamine in addition to the standardized anesthesia. The primary outcome measure assessed was the Christensen fatigue score at 3 days after the surgical procedure, while the secondary outcomes included the disparities in postoperative fatigue, postoperative pain, sleep quality, and adverse reactions between the two groups.ResultsIn the group receiving esketamine, the fatigue scores of Christensen on the third day after surgery were significantly lower compared to the Group C (estimated difference, -0.70; 95% CI, -1.37 to -0.03; P = 0.040). Additionally, there was a significant decrease in the occurrence of fatigue in the Group E compared to the Group C on the first and third days following surgery (P < 0.05). Also, compared to individuals who had distal gastrectomy, those who had entire gastrectomy demonstrated a higher degree of postoperative tiredness reduction with esketamine. Furthermore, the Group E exhibited reduced postoperative pain and improved sleep in comparison to the Group C. Both groups experienced similar rates of adverse events.ConclusionsThe use of esketamine during the perioperative period can improve POFS after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy, without adverse reactions.Trial registrationRegistered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300072167) on 05/06 /2023.

Persistent Vulnerability after Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Response: The Case of Salgar, Colombia

Community-based disaster management (CBDM) has replaced traditional models of disaster risk reduction (DRR), giving the community a more participatory role in the planning and implementation of risk mitigation and preparedness strategies, disaster response, and post-disaster recovery measures. This shift in disaster response approaches has impacted understandings of vulnerability and resilience, leading scholars and policy makers to move away from a physical definition of vulnerability and to incorporate social variables. However, in Colombia, a traditional DRR approach still prevails. The National Risk Management Policy employs a top-down approach to risk reduction and disaster management, relying on the action of governmental authorities without community participation in the design or implementation of risk management planning and strategy. This article reveals the deficiencies of traditional DRR approaches. The Colombian government’s post-disaster resettlement project after a 2015 landslide in Salgar, Antioquia that resulted in 98 people dead or missing did not contribute to the reduction of vulnerability for the resettled community. To accurately measure post-disaster vulnerability and resilience, a new holistic model of indicators that includes both social and biophysical variables that illustrate and measure the relevance of preexisting vulnerabilities was developed. Local data was collected through 178 surveys administered to the inhabitants of Salgar’s three post-disaster resettlement sectors—La Habana, La Florida, and Las Margaritas—to construct an accurate picture of the populations affected by the disaster. Our results show that in the case of Salgar, social vulnerabilities persist even in the physical components of the resettlement sites where new infrastructure would be expected to reduce hazardous conditions and exposure to risk.

Quantification of Bed Load Transport in the Northern Part of the Central Plateau of Morocco: Case of Wadi Skhirate

Rivers play a vital role in our ecosystems, providing fresh water, supporting rich biodiversity, and contributing to human well-being. However, in the face of climate change and intensive human activities, the sediment load in rivers can reach critical levels, presenting a complex set of challenges that require immediate action. The increased sediment load can alter aquatic habitats, clog channels, reduce reservoir storage capacity, and increase the risk of flooding. These direct threats entail high costs in terms of material and ecological damage, loss of life, and expenditure on rebuilding damaged infrastructure. The quantification of bedload in watercourses is therefore crucial for maintaining water and soil resources, safeguarding riparian communities, and preserving ecological balance. The study reports the findings of a three-year monitoring of the bed load of Skhirate Wadi, a river that drains a part of the western Moroccan Meseta. The study used the colorimetric monitoring method, which quantifies the volumes of coarse sediment that were transported by monitoring topographic variations in the riverbed and measuring the distances covered by the sediment. The study showed the sediment was found to move around seven times annually on average. However, the frequency and magnitude of floods and the size of particles affect the variation in this displacement. It also showed sediments travel an average distance ranging from 649 to 883 meters per year, and that the average specific bedload at the watershed scale is 30 m3/ Km2/ year. Relationships between flood peaks mobilized sediment volumes, and average particle distances are established and discussed. These results are fundamental to understanding of coarse sediment transfer processes in the small rivers of the central plateau. They are also essential for assessing the impact on the aquatic ecosystem, on downstream dams, and on the various existing road and hydro-agricultural infrastructures. This assessment will enable the implementation of appropriate management strategies to anticipate changes and plan the planning of the river and its watershed.

Pembrolizumab-induced type 1 diabetes.

Immunotherapy has a crucial role in the current treatment of multiple malignancies. Albeit described as rare, new onset autoimmune diabetes is a potentially life-threatening complication of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab, and its predisposing factors and pathological mechanism are yet to be clarified. We present a case of a 72-year-old man with a high-grade bladder carcinoma undergoing pembrolizumab treatment. He had no personal or family history of diabetes mellitus but was diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism four months after starting pembrolizumab. Two years after starting pembrolizumab, he presented in the emergency department due to abdominal pain, anorexia, polydipsia, polyuria and vomiting over the preceding five days and he met criteria for severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Three days prior to his admission, he had received prednisolone therapy for suspected hypersensitivity related to a contrast-enhanced imaging that he performed. Prompt treatment for DKA was started, with transition to insulin basal-bolus therapy after DKA resolution, with progressive glycaemic stabilization. Further investigation revealed low C-peptide levels (0.07 ng/dL, with a fasting blood glucose of 288 mg/dL), HbA1c 9.2% and positive anti-IA2 antibodies, which allowed the diagnosis of new-onset autoimmune diabetes. Pembrolizumab was transiently suspended, and the patient resumed treatment after glycaemic profile optimization under multiple daily insulin administrations two months later. This case highlights the importance of clinical suspicion and glycaemic monitoring as an integral part of treatment protocols in patients on pembrolizumab and other immune checkpoint inhibitors. Additional research and investigation into the underlying mechanisms of this condition are necessary to identify potential screening tests for individuals at higher risk of developing DM and to guide the implementation of management and preventive strategies for ketoacidosis complication.

Assessment of groundwater potential zones using GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis: a case study on Enemor and Ener Woreda, Central Ethiopia Region

ABSTRACT Groundwater is one of the most important contributors to fresh water for humankind in the world. The knowledge of groundwater distribution can play a significant role in the planning and implementation of groundwater management strategies. The major aim of this study was to assess the groundwater potential zone using geographic information system (GIS)-based multicriteria decision analysis in the Enemor and Ener Woreda, Ethiopia. The factors considered in this study are rainfall, geology, slope, drainage density, land use/land cover (LULC), lineament density, and soil type. As a result of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), it was determined that rainfall and geology are the most influencing factors based on their scoring higher weights. The groundwater potential zone of the study area was categorized into five classes, namely, very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. On analysis, most portions of the study area are found to be under the moderate situation, which covers around 540.23 km2 (65.6%) of the study area, whereas very low, low, high, and very high potentiality classes cover 0.002, 10.99, 21.93, and 0.55% of the area, respectively. Approximately 92% of the observed boreholes agreed with the developed map. Finally, the output of this study is important to regional as well as local policymakers for the exploitation of groundwater or management purposes.

Food-web construction and ecological effects of implementing non-traditional biomanipulation in eutrophic reservoirs in North-central China

ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to elucidate the food web structure and interspecific interactions in the lakes and reservoirs undergoing eutrophication and to assess the efficacy of lake-wide non-traditional biomanipulation (direct predation of cyanobacteria by proliferating planktivorous fish) for bloom management. Analyses of aquatic organisms and stable isotopes of basic food sources and consumers were performed for Zhangze Reservoir in North-central China. Additionally, an improved scheme based on plankton changes and interspecific interactions is proposed on this basis. Compared with other widely-studied eutrophic reservoirs, the δ 15N value of each component of the food web in Zhangze Reservoir was higher, the food chain was relatively long and the δ 13C range of fish consumers was narrower. Planktivorous fish consumed phytoplankton as their primary food source. However, the phytoplankton biomass and the percentage of cyanobacteria increased, and eutrophication did not improve. The findings concerning the composition of consumers and their food sources in Zhangze Reservoir indicate the urgent need to change the fish structure to optimise the structure of plankton community and mitigate phytoplankton overgrowth. The study findings provide a basis for the implementation of effective eutrophication management strategies in lakes and reservoirs where planktivorous fish are prevalent.

Optimizing Tax Revenue Through Strategic Management Utilizing Tax Gap Dashboard In Indonesia

Tax revenue plays a crucial role in the development and sustainability of a nation. However, significant challenges are faced in optimizing tax revenue, including tax compliance issues and the imbalance between the tax obligations that should be paid by taxpayers and what is actually paid. To address these challenges, it is important to implement effective strategies and appropriate technology in tax administration. This research aims to analyze the optimization of tax revenue through a strategic management approach utilizing the Tax Gap dashboard by the Directorate General of Taxes. Using a qualitative method, this study seeks to gain an in-depth understanding of the concept of strategic management and the implementation of the Tax Gap dashboard in the context of tax administration. The qualitative method was chosen because it allows for a deeper exploration of the strategies employed by the Directorate General of Taxes as well as a more holistic understanding of the role of the Tax Gap dashboard technology in enhancing tax administration effectiveness. Data collection methods in this study were conducted through a thorough review of literature related to the research topic, such as academic journals, articles, government reports, and other official sources. In this process, the researcher investigated various data sources to gather relevant information about the implementation of tax management strategies and the utilization of the Tax Gap dashboard by the Directorate General of Taxes. The conclusion of this research summarizes the main findings and provides recommendations for improving the effectiveness of strategies implemented by the Directorate General of Taxes.

Stressors Inherent to Beef Cattle Management in the United States of America and the Resulting Impacts on Production Sustainability: A Review

Stressors are directly related to major events throughout the beef cattle production cycle. Understanding the impact stressors have on productive outcomes is critical for the efficient implementation of management strategies. Such stressors include environmental extremes, nutritional deprivation, and common management procedures. Environmental extremes such as thermal stress can disturb gestating cows’ normal physiological responses, hindering reproductive efficiency. Thermal stress during the breeding season can affect embryo development causing a decrease in conception rates, although adjusting the scheduling of breeding activities can minimize losses. Additionally, suboptimal nutrition may negatively impact reproductive performance if management strategies including modifying seasonal grazing practices are not implemented. As gestation progresses, nutrient requirements increase; thus, without appropriate dietary management, poor calf performance, the loss of the body condition score, and reduced reproductive performance may result. While weaning is a common management procedure, this event is another major stress within the production system. Applying efficient strategies such as creep feeding or two-step weaning to mitigate weaning stress can maximize production efficiency. This review will explore in-depth the stressors associated with production events in the beef cattle industry and give insight into researched management strategies targeting these stressors that will improve the sustainability of the production system.

Characterizing residential sector load curves from smart meter datasets

Understanding how and when residential electricity is used throughout the day is integral to the successful implementation of potential residential demand management strategies. Our analysis characterizes the daily hourly load profiles of approximately 160,000 residential electricity customers across the Southern California Edison (SCE) service area during the period spanning 2015 to 2016 and 2018 to 2019 across weekends, weekdays, seasons, and climate zones. We find that total daily electricity usage was highest in the hottest months of the year compared to milder months, particularly for households located in the hottest climate zones. The most energy-consumptive hours occurred during the mid-afternoon during the hottest months, in contrast to early evening high consumption in cooler months. We find that customers with average daily consumption at or above the 80th percentile cumulatively consume over 40% of electricity during the hottest months of the year residential load, while the bottom half of customers cumulatively consume <25% of the total residential load. The disparities in electricity usage across SCE households are higher in the mid-day, especially in milder months across all regions, and in mild climate zones compared to hotter climate zones since loads are not as dependent on high HVAC loads.

Madrasah management strategies through Madrasah Reform program: an evidence from Indonesia

PurposeImproving the quality of madrasah in the digital era is a must. This can be committed by strengthening aspects of madrasah governance through implementing management strategies that refer more to the integration of technology and Islamic education. This research focuses on madrasah management strategies through the Madrasah Reform program.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses a case study research design that focuses attention on strategic aspects of developing madrasah through the Madrasah Reform program. The informants in this study were 18 people consisting of three madrasah heads from Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI), Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) and Madrasah Aliyah (MA), five teachers and 10 students. Data collection in this study used in-depth and semi-structured interviews with madrasah heads and teachers regarding the implementation of the Madrasah Reform program and also regarding madrasah management strategies at three levels of education.FindingsThis study shows that the strategy of managing madrasahs through the Madrasah Reform program in three madrasahs in Indonesia has had a positive impact on improving the quality of madrasahs, although there are still aspects that require development.Research limitations/implicationsThis research implies that the quality of madrasah in the digital era is determined by management strategies based on the use of educational technology.Practical implicationsThis program has implications for the development of the quality of human resources in educational institutions, especially in relation to digital literacy among students and teaching staff. The use of digital technology, which is one of the main projections of the Madrasah Reform program, is continuously able to change the face of education in a more modern direction, both in terms of governance and the learning process, so that the output of this program, especially what occurs at Madrasah Madani, is significant development in the aspects of digital literacy and technology. Which is the main criterion in facing a digital-based educational context.Social implicationsFor a policy aspect, the success of the Madrasah Reform program at Madrasah Madani can be used as a blueprint or model for implementing this program in Islamic educational institutions, specifically Madrasas in South Sulawesi and in general at Madrasas throughout Indonesia.Originality/valueThis proves that Madrasah Reform program is a program that can be implemented in madrasahs to improve the quality of madrasah management in the digital era while continuing to carry out simultaneous improvements and evaluations of the program.

Phytoparasitic and free-living nematodes associated with the cultivation of Passiflora ligularis Juss. in the Sandia Valley, Puno Region, Peru

The identification of phytoparasitic nematodes, which is essential for the implementation of management strategies, is required for further study. The objective of this work was to identify, at the genus level, the phytoparasites and free-living nematodes associated with the cultivation of sweet granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) in the valley of Sandia, region Puno, Peru. For the study, 165 soil samples were evaluated, coming from eight communities from the district of Sandia, during the agricultural season 2018–2019. The samples were processed by the method of centrifugal fluctuation in sucrose solution, later identified on the basis of morphological characteristics. The results showed the presence of seven genera of phytoparasitic nematodes, Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Mesocriconema, Xiphinema, Tylenchus, and Hemicycliophora, and two genera of free-living nematodes, Aphelenchus and Dorylaimus. The most harmful genera were Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus because they cause damage to other crops. In the nematode community, there was variability in the density and frequency of phytoparasitic and free-living nematodes in the evaluated localities.

Evaluating knowledge management practices in a hospital pharmacy: A comprehensive investigation

Background: Knowledge management practices in healthcare settings play a crucial role in improving patient care quality and operational efficiency. However, the understanding and implementation of these practices in Oshakati Hospital pharmacy, Namibia, remain unclear. Methods: A structured questionnaire was administered to 26 participants, including pharmacists, pharmacist interns, and pharmacist assistants, to assess knowledge-sharing frequency, documentation practices, technology effectiveness, and the overall knowledge management effectiveness. Results: The study found no significant relationship between work experience and knowledge management practices, indicating potential gaps in understanding and implementation of knowledge management strategies. Participants showed moderate attitudes towards knowledge sharing, with technology perceived as moderately effective in facilitating knowledge management. Conclusion: Enhancing knowledge management practices at Oshakati Hospital pharmacy is crucial to address existing gaps, improve collaboration, and elevate pharmaceutical care standards in the region. Implementing a comprehensive health information system and integrating innovative technologies can enhance knowledge extraction and patient interactions, ultimately improving healthcare outcomes.

Leadership Development Strategies in Organizations: The Role of Human Resource Management in Improving Effectiveness and Productivity

Effective human resource management strategies are key to sustainable business growth in a rapidly changing and competitive business environment. For organizations wishing to remain relevant and competitive in the global marketplace, the importance of leveraging innovation, environmental sustainability, and ethics and social responsibility in human resource management is of great concern. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine how the implementation of human resource management strategies that focus on innovation, sustainability, and ethics can help organizations achieve sustainable growth. This research was conducted using a descriptive-analytical approach by collecting data through literature review and content analysis of various relevant sources. The findings of this study revealed that HRM strategies based on innovation and sustainability help organizations to maximize human resource potential and create productive and sustainable work environments. In addition, the application of ethics and social responsibility in HR decision-making is a key pillar in creating an organizational culture of integrity. Organizations can achieve sustainable growth and sustainability by implementing this strategic approach.

Assessing the effect of soil cultivation methods and genotypes on crop yield components, yield and soil properties in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cropping system

BackgroundThe rice-wheat cropping system is the prevailing agricultural method in the North-Western states of India, namely in the Indo-Gangetic plains. The practice of open burning of rice residue is frequently employed for expedient land preparation, but it has significant adverse impacts on both the environment and human health. These include the emission of greenhouse gases, loss of nutrients, elevated concentrations of particulate matter (PM), and disruption of the biological cycle. This research aims to investigate the implementation of effective management strategies in the rice-wheat cropping system, namely via the use of tillage-based crop cultivation techniques, stubble retention, and integration approaches. The objective is to enhance soil health features in order to augment crop yield and improve its attributes.ResultsThe research was carried out using a split plot experimental design, consisting of three replications. The main plot consisted of four different cultivation methods, while the subplot included three genotypes of both rice and wheat. The research demonstrates the enhanced efficacy of residue application is significantly augmenting soil nutrient concentrations compared to standard tillage practices (P < 0.05). This was accomplished by an analysis of soil nutrient levels, namely nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and organic carbon (OC), at a depth of 0–15 cm. The implementation of natural farming, zero tillage, and reduced tillage practices resulted in decreases in rice grain yields of 34.0%, 16.1%, and 10.8%, respectively, as compared to conventional tillage methods. Similarly, the implementation of natural farming, zero tillage, and reduced tillage resulted in reductions in wheat grain yields of 59.4%, 10.9%, and 4.6% respectively, in comparison to conventional tillage practices.ConclusionRegarding the individual crop genotypes investigated, it was continuously observed that Him Palam Lal Dhan 1 and HPW 368 displayed considerably greater grain yields for both rice and wheat during the two-year experimental period. Furthermore, when considering different cultivation methods, conventional tillage emerged as the most effective approach for obtaining higher productivity in both rice and wheat. Additionally, Him Palam Lal Dhan 1 and HPW 368 exhibited superior performance in terms of various crucial yield components for rice (such as panicle density, grains per panicle, panicle weight, and test weight) and wheat (including effective tiller density, grains per spike, spike weight, and 1000-grain weight).