Implementation Of Machine Research Articles

Implementation of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) Method for Classification of Underdeveloped Areas in Indonesia

Implementation of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) Method for Classification of Underdeveloped Areas in Indonesia

Conformism, Ignorance & Injustice: AI as a Tool of Epistemic Oppression

Abstract From music recommendation to assessment of asylum applications, machine-learning algorithms play a fundamental role in our lives. Naturally, the rise of AI implementation strategies has brought to public attention the ethical risks involved. However, the dominant anti-discrimination discourse, too often preoccupied with identifying particular instances of harmful AIs, has yet to bring clearly into focus the more structural roots of AI-based injustice. This paper addresses the problem of AI-based injustice from a distinctively epistemic angle. More precisely, I argue that the injustice generated by the implementation of AI machines in our societies is, in some paradigmatic cases, also a form of epistemic injustice. With a particular focus on AIs employed as gatekeepers of our epistemic resources, this paper shows how their epistemically conformist behaviour is responsible for the marginalisation and the ostracism of minoritarian perspectives. Because it clarifies key structural flaws and weaknesses of current AI design, this paper helps make headway in critical discussion of current AI technologies. And because it forges new theoretical tools to understand forms of epistemic oppression, this paper also contributes to the advancement of feminist theorisation.

Design and Implementation of a High-efficient Chicken Defeathering Machine for Commercial Utilization

Design and Implementation of a High-efficient Chicken Defeathering Machine for Commercial Utilization

Experimental assessment of a JANUS-based consensus protocol

This paper proposes a distributed, JANUS-based protocol that enables an underwater acoustic network to reach consensus on arbitrary local opinions as numeric state variables. An envisioned scenario where nodes shall agree on parameters describing the acoustic environment is used to evaluate the protocol. The scenario exemplifies the protocol’s potential in future applications where nodes use the environment description to decide on appropriate modulation and coding schemes.The evaluation is based on numerical simulations and sea experiments in a challenging acoustic environment. The numerical simulations allowed examining the performance for different parameter values regarding the timing of transmission events and state transitions in the finite state machine implementation of the protocol. The best parameter configuration was used in the sea experiments conducted in a bay in the Baltic Sea. The experiments comprised several deployments of five to six commercial modems.Results from the experiments show that the protocol can achieve a consensus up to 89% of the time in the tested environment, and up to 96% of the time if the state variables are permitted to differ by one discretisation step maximum across the network. In addition, if the network separates due to environmental conditions, connected components appear to achieve consensus more often when the links are more reliable. Finally, it is shown that when different consensus processes are active in parallel, packets from one process do not interfere with the opinions in different processes, besides the existing probability of packet loss due to packet collision.

Estimating the optimal duration of random loading as part of machine part durability research

Aim. Making an informed decision regarding the durability of machine parts requires information on the operational load that needs to be measured on a representative section of the track. It should not be too long as well. Thus, it is required to determine the optimal duration of implementation. The duration of implementation that is optimal in terms of the reliability of load registration is defined for a process that is stationary in a special sense. Stationarity in a special sense is defined specifically for the task of assessing the durability of a specific part. Methods. The use of spectral theory for the study of random processes is probably not the best way of examining non-stationary loading processes in the context of durability assessment. We believe it would be optimal to use a cycle counting procedure (rain flow method) with subsequent calculation of durability. A lemma and a theorem were formulated on the sufficient duration of implementation for a process that is stationary in a special sense. A sufficient duration of implementation is defined as a limit past which its increase will not lead to a noticeable change in the calculated durability. Results. The matters of stationarity of a process in a narrow sense and the required duration of implementation will help in planning operational tests to measure and record random processes of machine part loading. Both matters were examined in terms of fatigue damage accumulation using Miner linear damage rule, as well as the adjusted linear damage summation hypothesis taking into account the fatigue curve slope parameter m. Some practical engineering problems were examined, including the problem of the optimal duration of implementation of a mining machine whose loading process is characterized by a high degree of irregularity and the problem of finding the required duration of implementation of load recording in a rolling stock component. Conclusion. A theorem on the required and sufficient duration of implementation was formulated. In order to test the method, Markov transition matrix-based model processes were used. In addition, the method and theorem were tested using examples of some experimental processes obtained from operational tests of vehicles and production machines.

Nonlinear topological symmetry protection in a dissipative system

We investigate experimentally and theoretically a system ruled by an intricate interplay between topology, nonlinearity, and spontaneous symmetry breaking. The experiment is based on a two-mode coherently-driven optical resonator where photons interact through the Kerr nonlinearity. In presence of a phase defect, the modal structure acquires a synthetic Möbius topology enabling the realization of spontaneous symmetry breaking in inherently bias-free conditions without fine tuning of parameters. Rigorous statistical tests confirm the robustness of the underlying symmetry protection, which manifests itself by a periodic alternation of the modes reminiscent of period-doubling. This dynamic also confers long term stability to various localized structures including domain walls, solitons, and breathers. Our findings are supported by an effective Hamiltonian model and have relevance to other systems of interacting bosons and to the Floquet engineering of quantum matter. They could also be beneficial to the implementation of coherent Ising machines.

Brachyterapy: The radiation oncologist opinion.

The role of the radiation oncologist in the management of patients affected by prostate cancer is increasingly considered thanks to important technological innovations that have marked the radiotherapeutic approach in its three main fields: external beam radiotherapy (EB-RT), brachytherapy (interventional radiotherapy, I-RT), and metabolic radiotherapy (M-RT) through the use of new radiopharmaceuticals. Regarding the modern brachytherapy, the introduction of intensity-modulated techniques (IM-IRT), thanks to the implementation of HDR remote-after loading machines, and image-guided techniques (IG-IRT), has led to advantages in optimizing dose distribution after implantation with the possibility of modulating the dose according to the intraprostatic dominant lesions, limiting the dose to the surrounding tissues with improvement in local control and a significant reduction in side effects. I-RT today represents a safe, scientifically established, effective and well-tolerated treatment for patients affected by prostate cancer. Like most special techniques, in order to obtain the best results, it must be performed in centers with a high volume of activity and consolidated experience with an interdisciplinary approach.

Design and Implementation of a Versatile Flexible 3D Wire Bending Machine with Accuracy Algorithm

Design and Implementation of a Versatile Flexible 3D Wire Bending Machine with Accuracy Algorithm

Ensuring quick changeability of the working bodies of technological machines in the construction and maintenance of the landscape, road-building, and agricultural industries

The relevance of the subject matter is conditioned by the high-efficiency use of reconfigurable manufacturing systems during construction work and the associated need to develop and implement technological machines with replaceable working bodies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the invariance of the equipment used by types of work in landscape and landscape construction. The study used theoretical methods of analysis and synthesis of information on the principles of the practical application of a universal machine with a wide range of mounted technological working bodies. The results obtained indicate the high relevance of the issue of the rapid changeability of mounted technological working bodies. Its effective solution lies in the creation of reconfigurable production machines based on a universal wheelbase with replaceable working bodies of variable layout by type of work, for which a new design of an inter-module basing and fastening device is proposed. The possibility of its practical application in the BobCat loader system is considered. It is established that, in general, the use of the BobTach mounting frame during various technological operations ensures an increase in the efficiency of this technological equipment. In addition, it significantly increases the performance of the entire model range of equipment and testifies to the versatility of the specified mounting frame. The practical significance of the results obtained is conditioned by the possibility of their application in the development and implementation of modern technological machines with rapidly replaceable working bodies in the agricultural sector and road construction.

Early-Stage Identification of Powdery Mildew Levels for Cucurbit Plants in Open-Field Conditions Based on Texture Descriptors

Constant monitoring is necessary for powdery mildew prevention in field crops because, as a fungal disease, it modifies the green pigments of the leaves and is responsible for production losses. Therefore, there is a need for solutions that assure early disease detection to realize proactive control and management of the disease. The methodology currently used for the identification of powdery mildew disease uses RGB leaf images to detect damage levels. In the early stage of the disease, no symptoms are visible, but this is a point at which the disease can be controlled before the symptoms appear. This study proposes the implementation of a support vector machine to identify powdery mildew on cucurbit plants using RGB images and color transformations. First, we use an image dataset that provides photos covering five growing seasons in different locations and under natural light conditions. Twenty-two texture descriptors using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix result are calculated as the main features. The proposed damage levels are ’healthy leaves’, ’leaves in the fungal germination phase’, ’leaves with first symptoms’, and ’diseased leaves’. The implementation reveals that the accuracy in the L * a * b color space is higher than that when using the combined components, with an accuracy value of 94% and kappa Cohen of 0.7638.

Design and Implementation of a CoreXY CNC Milling Machine for PCB Manufacturing Application

Design and Implementation of a CoreXY CNC Milling Machine for PCB Manufacturing Application

Efficient and Scalable Architecture for Multiple-Chip Implementation of Simulated Bifurcation Machines

Efficient and Scalable Architecture for Multiple-Chip Implementation of Simulated Bifurcation Machines

Design of a Vending Machine Using Verilog HDL and Implementation in Genus & Encounter

This paper proposes the design, implementation, and verification of a vending machine using the Finite State Machine (FSM) methodology in Verilog HDL. The FSM is used to manage the multiple states of the vending machine, including “idle,” “accepting coins,” “dispensing item,” and “returning change.” The implementation of the vending machine is done in Verilog HDL, and the FSM is implemented as a state diagram. The design is then synthesized using the Genus synthesis tool and implemented using the Encounter implementation tool. The Genus tool uses advanced optimization techniques, such as timing-driven placement and clock tree synthesis, to improve the design’s performance and area. The Encounter tool performs physical design, including placement and routing, to meet the design’s timing, power, and area constraints. To validate the design’s correctness and functionality, a test bench is created to simulate the behavior of the vending machine. The simulation results are then used to verify that the design meets the required specifications and that the FSM behaves as expected. The proposed design is then can be implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to demonstrate its effectiveness in a real-world scenario. The results of the implementation are presented and analyzed to validate the design’s performance, power consumption, and area. Overall, the vending machine using FSM in Verilog HDL, implemented in Genus and Encounter, provides a reliable and efficient solution for users to purchase items from the machine. The proposed design and implementation demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this approach, and the results show that the design meets the required specifications and performs well in a real-world scenario.

Automated Speed and Lane Change decision-making Model using Support Vector Machine

One of the major obstacles that the auto industry must overcome is the rise of autonomous vehicles. The study of lane-changing is an important part of this problem. Previous studies on autonomous vehicle lane changes have predominantly focused on lane change path planning and path monitoring, with limited attention given to the autonomous vehicle's lane change decision-making process. This paper introduces a novel Lane Change Decision-Making Model for autonomous vehicles using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method. The suggested model employs real-time sensor data to assess whether or not a lane change is possible, taking into account the proximity of other vehicles (cars, buses, motorbikes), and adjusting speed as necessary to ensure a seamless transition. Researching the various facets of lane changes in autonomous vehicles allows for decision-making that is grounded in utility, safety, and tolerance. The implementation of a support vector machine (SVM) technique with Bayesian parameter optimization is used to deal with the non-linearity and complexity of the process of autonomous lane change decision-making. Finally, we compare the suggested SVM model against a rule-based lane change model using the test data. The SVM-based strategy is shown to improve lane change decision-making in a comprehensive simulation exercise, which in turn improves the safety and efficiency of autonomous driving systems. The experiment also use a real vehicle to gauge the efficacy of the underlying decision-making model.

Inorganic Waste Reduction Planning with The Implementation of Dipo Waste Bank (DWB) and Reverse Vending Machine (RVM) at Diponegoro University

Plastic waste is a global environmental problem that has existed for a long time and has not been resolved. On a worldwide scale, solid waste increased to 9.1 billion tons, of which 6.9 billion tons was plastic waste. Undip is one of the largest public universities. As one of the universities that supports the achievement of SDGs Number 12 concerning waste management, Diponegoro University has a Waste Bank, namely the Dipo Waste Bank (DWB). The method used in this study is mass balance. Based on the projected waste generation from 2021-2030, the era of inorganic waste in the composition of plastic bottles at Undip is 42,577 kg/day. DWB is expected to realize independent and sustainable waste management within Diponegoro University (UNDIP). In its course, waste management efforts are felt to be lacking due to several obstacles and participation that are not optimal. There are three scenarios of reducing inorganic waste of plastic bottles in the study, namely the baseline scenario, the Dipo Waste Bank (DWB) scenario can achieve the target of 20% of waste that can be recovered by DWB and Reverse Vending Machine (RVM).

A Furtherance of High-Power Adjustable-Speed Drive Systems: Medium-Frequency ac Link-Powered Machine Drive Systems

High-power machine drive systems are the heart of the modern power industry and have been used in a broad range of industry applications. Extensive R&D efforts have been carried out on the design and implementation of high-power machine drive systems. In this article, various converter topologies and research progress for high-power machine drive systems are reviewed. And a novel mediumfrequency ac link (MFACL)-powered machine drive system is analyzed and discussed for a furtherance of highpower adjustable-speed drive systems. In addition, some prospects for future research are highlighted to provide a feasible reference for practitioners.

Effect of Bilateral Filter on Support Vector Machine Algorithm for Vegetable Product Classification

The agricultural industry is now applying artificial intelligence-based classification methods for the analysis of vegetable products. This study aims to classify vegetable products as part of the research of the classification of objects in charge that are inherently more complex than other subsets of object classification. In this research, the classification model will use the image preprocessing method on the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. The dataset of this study amounted to 21,000 data with the division of training data (15,000 data), testing data (3,000 data) and validation data (3,000 data). In this study, experiments from the implementation of bilateral filter and support vector machine (SVM) methods obtained the highest accuracy of 70.59%. This experiment uses bilateral filters with parameters 15, 75, and 75. Other experiments obtained accuracy of 34.21% (histogram equalization) and 65.68% (colour space conversion).

Development and testing of an oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) fruit digester process for kernel free in crude palm oil production

Current palm oil extraction techniques involve the digestion and pressing of entire oil palm fruitlets. However, the coexistence of mesocarp fibre and nut during pressing could inevitably result in oil loss due to fragmentation of the fibre and nut. The anticipated separation of palm mesocarp fibre and kernel prior to pressing is a potential solution to the problem. In order to enhance the extraction of crude palm oil, a digester machine with kernel free has been created. Each machine iteration consists of two processes. The first phase involved severing and removing the mesocarp fibre from the kernel (seed), as well as removing all mesocarp produced by the process, while the second phase involved releasing the nut. The effectiveness of the created machine was evaluated under various conditions, such as speed (700, 900, 1100, 1300, and 1500 rpm) and processing time (20, 30, and 40 s). The optimal condition, which consisted of a rotational speed of 1500 rpm and a separation time of 40 s, was evaluated further under loading weight (2.50, 3.75, and 5.00 kg). The optimal separation was attained with a separation speed of 1100 rpm, a time of 30 s, and a loading mass of 2.50 g, according to the results. Under these conditions, the machine could achieve a separation efficiency of 94.89% and a kernel disintegration rate of 4.29%. The investigation's findings benefit the palm oil industry by eliminating processes like winnowing and nut separation through effective implementation of the kernel-free digester machine.

Role of emergency teleradiology in a mass motorcycle event: the experience of the 2021 International Six Days of Enduro (ISDE).

Provision of healthcare support at mass gathering sporting events is of paramount importance for the success of the event. Many of such events, like motorsports, have been increasingly taking place in remote and austere environments. In these settings, the use of first-line diagnostic tools, such as point of care ultrasound and portable X-ray, could aid in definitive care on the field for patients with minor trauma while also ensuring fast access to the appropriate level of care for patients requiring hospitalization. As part of the ISDE 2021 medical response plan, a field hospital equipped with portable digital X-ray and telemedicine was established. Data on patient admission, triage, treatments, diagnostics, and outcomes were collected for analysis. During the 6-day competition, 79 patients sought medical care at the field hospital, with traumatic injuries accounting for 77% of cases. Of these, 47 were athletes and 32 were non-athletes. The majority (91%) arrived spontaneously, while 9% were transported directly. Upon admission, 68 patients were triaged as non-urgent (code 3) and 11 as urgent (code 2). Of those admitted, 69 received treatment and were discharged at the field hospital, while 10 were transferred elsewhere. Notably, four patients had major trauma, two had isolated fractures, and one needed a CT scan after losing consciousness. Overall, 29 missions were conducted on the race field, including 13 primary transports to local hospitals and 6 to the field hospital. Primary transport was primarily due to major trauma. Among 31 patients who had radiological exams, 11 (35.5%) had traumatic injuries. Of these, 5 were treated with braces and casts and discharged without hospitalization, 3 were advised for post-event care, and 3 were hospitalized. In contrast, patients with negative X-rays received on-site treatment, with 7 able to continue competing. In summary, the successful implementation of portable X-ray machines and teleradiology at remote and austere high-risk sporting events holds great promise for enhancing on-site medical capabilities, allowing clinicians informed decisions, avoiding unnecessary hospitalization, and allowing athletes to continue with their competition. Provided that challenges related to cost, safety, connectivity, and power supply are effectively addressed.

Manufacturing of Tools and User Assistance for Spice Grinding Machine for Setia SMEs

Purpose: This research project aims to address operational challenges faced by Setia SME, which specializes in spice sales. Specifically, we aim to design a spice-grinding machine to enhance processing efficiency.
 Method: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of Setia SME's challenges and formulated a research design that included machine development. Data collection involved surveys, interviews, and on-site observations, analyzed for feasibility.
 Practical Applications: The successful implementation of the spice grinding machine will boost Setia SME's operational efficiency by eliminating off-site grinding, reducing costs, and increasing production capacity. The technology may benefit other SMEs in the spice industry.
 Conclusion: This research offers practical solutions to Setia SME's spice processing challenges, demonstrating the value of innovation and technology for SMEs in improving efficiency and sustainability.