Implementation Of Large-scale Projects Research Articles

ЦИФРОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В МЕЖДУНАРОДНОЙ ЛОГИСТИКО-ИНЖЕНЕРИНГОВОЙ МОДЕЛИ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫХ ЦЕПОЧЕК ПОСТАВОК 4.0 (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПРОЕКТА AGPP В АМУРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)

Intelligent logistics is a comprehensive tracking and processing system supported by modern information technology to realize system perception, overall analysis, real-time processing, optimization decision- making, system support, automatic correction, timely feedback and other functions. It is also through modern high-tech means such as smart chips, World Wide Web alliance, database, AI intelligence, etc. To realize the precision, visualization and standardized management of all links in the circulation 4.0 era, improve the intelligent decision-making and modular execution and operation ability of the supply chain system, and improve the global smart logistics operation efficiency. This paper analyzes the intelligent logistics + supply chain management and risk control of AMUR Gas Processing Plant project in Russia (hereinafter referred to as -A-Ti), and expounds the international logistics + intelligent supply chain management for EPC general contract projects in Russia and CIS countries and regions from the aspects of planning and design, transportation cost and risk control nodes. How to carry out the implementation of large-scale projects, safe transportation, cargo rights control, and enhance the international influence and competitiveness of Chinese state-owned enterprises in the world, as well as the living space in Russia and CIS countries and other important theories and practices. To explore the new model development and direction of China-Russia international intelligent logistics + supply chain in the context of the world political arena.

The education of international educators: A personal view

Background“Que voyager c’est apprendre à vivre”. This is how Montaigne starts one his essays, “traveling is learning to live”. It was certainly my story. And this story begins in the 1970s. I went to the U.S. for graduate education, my interests have always been the psychology of learning and its practical implications for education. During my doctoral studies, I had the opportunity to engage in international projects led by my thesis advisor, Robert Morgan. At the time he was one of the principal advisors of the educational reform in Korea. In the early seventies there was great optimism about the potential of "new technologies," including emerging ones like Educational Radio, Educational TV, and Computer-based education. Ronald Gass was leading CERI – a Center for Educational Innovation at the OCDE, sponsored a tour which provided me with a taste of educational developments in Europe and also gave me to opportunity to evaluate a distance-learning program in Portugal. This is how I entered the world of international education.Returning to Brazil after completing my doctorate in the USA – I think I was the first Brazilian to obtain a doctoral degree in Education - I actively participated in various initiatives in Brazil between 1973 and 1986, including the Ministry of Education, in the area of distance education, in the Ministry of Planning, in the areas of Science and Technology and in a special non-portfolio Ministry in charge of “De-bureaucratization”. These experiences in my own country provided me with valuable insights into the possibilities and limitations of change, innovation, technology, and reforms in general.Three significant experiences shaped my understanding of change processes and their impact.First and more important, I learned that implementing educational technology projects was an attractive proposition, innovations are always welcome, but scaling up and interfering with regular school operations remained a chimera.Second, I witnessed the launching and implementation of policies and institutions in the fields of science and technology, the major push came from the Ministry of Planning. This effort taught me the importance of a strong start, selecting competent leaders and individuals with appropriate credentials. I also learned to recognize the significance of institution-building as a foundation for sustainable change.A third, and pivotal experience, was related to large-scale administrative reform.A special ministry was created to simplify rules and regulations in a highly bureaucratic and formalistic culture. I learned how power, bureaucracy and corruption were deeply interwined. I also learned that while initiating change may be relatively straightforward, the resilience of bureaucracies often undermines the best intentions. Bringing about and sustaining change requires addressing both structural and attitudinal transformations. Leadership, continuity, and accountability are essential. Chance can also play a role.These experiences led me to delve into the study of organizations and organizational change. A post-doc at Stanford Business School gave me the opportunity to study, learn, and exchange ideas with various experts on the sociology of organizations, such as Jim March (bounded rationality), Richard Scott (formal organizations), Judith Tendler (Inside Foreign Aid), Aaron Wildawsky (Implementation), and John Meyer (Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony), among many others. Despite the warnings, knowledge, and experience, hope prevailed.Despite being based in Brazil, throughout this period, I was engaged in numerous consultancy activities over the years, collaborating with organizations such as the Organization of American States (OAS), UNESCO, OECD, and USAID in various countries. I learned a great deal from Dean Jamison and François Orivel about economics and cost/effectiveness studies, and also learned how evidence played such a minor role in actual decision-making. I also learned a great deal about implementation of large-scale projects in several consulting missions with Emile McAnany and John Mayo. Throughout these experiences, I learned far more than I contributed.Just before joining the World Bank in 1986, I sought to understand how Brazil interacted with the institution. In a conversation with the Brazilian Minister of Planning at the time, I obtained an extremely valuable piece of information: Brazil was primarily interested in obtaining "hard currency" rather than specific projects. This revelation made me realize that the logic and intentions of the local government differed significantly from those of financiers or even sectoral ministries. This early insight made me aware of the limitations of project-based change. With this background, I could not be accused of naivety. And so, my international journey continued.

Optimizing collaborative decision-making of multi-agent resources for large-scale projects: from a matching perspective

PurposeIn recent decades, infrastructure has continued to develop as an important basis for social development and people's lives. Resource management of these large-scale projects has been immensely concerned because dozens of construction enterprises (CEs) often work together. In this situation, resource collaboration among enterprises has become a key measure to ensure project implementation. Thus, this study aims to propose a systematic multi-agent resource collaborative decision-making optimization model for large projects from a matching perspective.Design/methodology/approachThe main contribution of this work was an advancement of the current research by: (1) generalizing the resource matching decision-making problem and quantifying the relationship between CEs. (2) Based on the matching domain, the resource input costs and benefits of each enterprise in the associated group were comprehensively analyzed to build the mathematical model, which also incorporated prospect theory to map more realistic decisions. (3) According to the influencing factors of resource decision-making, such as cost, benefit and attitude of decision-makers, determined the optimal resource input in different situations.FindingsNumerical experiments were used to verify the effectiveness of the multi-agent resource matching decision (MARMD) method in this study. The results indicated that this model could provide guidance for optimal decision-making for each participating enterprise in the resource association group under different situations. And the results showed the psychological preference of decision-makers has an important influence on decision performance.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the MARMD method has been proposed in this research, MARMD still has many limitations. A more detailed matching relationship between different resource types in CEs is still not fully analyzed, and relevant studies about more accurate parameters of decision-makers’ psychological preferences should be conducted in this area in the future.Practical implicationsCompared with traditional projects, large-scale engineering construction has the characteristics of huge resource consumption and more participants. While decision-makers can determine the matching relationship between related enterprises, this is ambiguous and the wider range will vary with more participants or complex environment. The MARMD method provided in this paper is an effective methodological tool with clearer decision-making positioning and stronger actual operability, which could provide references for large-scale project resource management.Social implicationsLarge-scale engineering is complex infrastructure projects that ensure national security, increase economic development, improve people's lives and promote social progress. During the implementation of large-scale projects, CEs realize value-added through resource exchange and integration. Studying the optimal collaborative decision of multi-agent resources from a matching perspective can realize the improvement of resource transformation efficiency and promote the development of large-scale engineering projects.Originality/valueThe current research on engineering resources decision-making lacks a matching relationship, which leads to unclear decision objectives, ambiguous decision processes and poor operability decision methods. To solve these issues, a novel approach was proposed to reveal the decision mechanism of multi-agent resource optimization in large-scale projects. This paper could bring inspiration to the research of large-scale project resource management.

КУЛЬТУРНА ДИПЛОМАТІЯ СВІТОВОГО КОНҐРЕСУ УКРАЇНЦІВ ЯК ЧИННИК ПОПУЛЯРИЗАЦІЇ УКРАЇНИ В СВІТІ (2014–2022)

The article draws attention to the role of Ukrainians worldwide in the promotion of Ukraine in the world. The author characterizes the historiography and source base of the scientific problem. The issue of cultural diplomacy of the Ukrainian World Congress (UWC) is practically unexplored. Based on the analysis of various directions of work of the UWC, in particular its councils, examples of the work of Ukrainian organizations-members of the UWC network, the forms and ways of implementing cultural diplomacy as an international coordination superstructure of Ukrainians worldwide in 2014–22 are discussed. The events after the end of the Revolution of Dignity, the beginning of Russian aggression against Ukraine, and the full-scale Russian military invasion of Ukraine became turning points for the conduct of various activities of the UWC. The world community paid special attention to Ukraine, and culture began to be used more seriously as a tool for promoting Ukrainian interests in foreign countries. It was noted that the preservation of the Ukrainian national identity, the inclusion of the Ukrainian historical and cultural heritage in the world context, the popularization of the Ukrainian language are prominent areas of activity of the UWC, in which cultural diplomacy can be traced. Marking of commemorative dates of Ukrainian history and culture by the UWC, the implementation of large-scale projects, and the support of cultural initiatives are discussed. It was emphasised on the changes that affected the mechanisms of implementation of cultural diplomacy of the UWC: the transition of events to the virtual space during the COVID-19 pandemic, the organization of actions with a wide representation of Ukrainian symbols after the full-scale Russian military invasion of Ukraine. Conclusions have been made about the main forms of cultural diplomacy in the activities of the UWC, which are shown both at the level of work of its councils and at the level of work of organizations-members.

The possibilities of Russia-Vietnam cooperation in the fuel and energy sphere

The author has made an attempt to show a great potential of Russia-Vietnam cooperation in the fuel and energy sphere basing on the identification of the emerging trends and needs of Vietnamese economy and Russian possibilities.
 In particular, the article shows the state and perspectives of hydrocarbon and energy sectors of the Vietnam national economy. It demonstrates that: the decline in oil production due to the exhaustion of existing oil fields in Vietnam and the inability to meet the growing demand for gas on its own show the necessity of the increase in hydrocarbon import; instability and high cost of energy production relied on renewable energy sources want to increase the capacity of traditional types of energy. The obstacles are such factors as a significant growth of the world prices, and increasing dependance on LNG suppliers, as well as the climate agenda.
 To settle the problems, Russia being the leader at the world energy and fuels can contribute significantly to Vietnams energy security. Besides, Moscow maintaining leading positions in construction and exploitation of advanced NPPs could make for Hanois return to the national nuclear program. Enhancing cooperation in the hydrocarbon supplies sphere, the implementation of large-scale projects in the nuclear sphere meets both Russias and Vietnams national interests.

Transport infrastructure as a factor in the development of foreign economic activities of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan

Transport infrastructure in strategic development implies unlocking the potential of regional transit traffic, creating regional transport and transit-transport corridors, as well as the implementation of large-scale projects that will promote regional interconnectedness within the organization. The construction of the cross-border railway will be an important step to fully develop the regional transit and transport potential and promote connectivity between the Central Asian landlocked countries and shipping routes.

Georgy Nikolaevich Kirpa is an outstanding graduate of the Kharkov Institute of Railway Engineers

The article examines the main milestones in the life and work of Georgiy Mykolayovych Kirpa, Minister of Transport of Ukraine, General Director of the State Administration of Railway Transport of Ukraine. The article reveals the formation of Georgiy Kirpa’s character, his childhood, that was anything but simple. Much attention is paid to G. Kirpa’s training at the Kharkiv Institute of Railway Engineers. The main stages of Georgiy Mykolayovych Kirpa’s activity at the Ukrainian railways have been studied – from a duty officer at the Chop station to the General Director of Ukrzaliznytsia. The article also reveals the challenges that the Ukrainian railway transport faced during the formation of statehood and the role of Georgiy Mykolayovych Kirpa in overcoming the difficulties and establishing effective operation of the Ukrainian railway. A special place in the article is dedicated to the work of G.M. Kirpy as the Minister of Transport of Ukraine, the implementation of large-scale projects, such as the Kyiv-Odessa highway, the Danube-Black Sea shipping canal, the development of high-speed traffic and the renewal of the rolling stock of the Ukrainian railways, the construction of a border outpost on the Tuzla Island and many others. The role of G.M. Kirpa in the construction of social, cultural, spiritual objects in Ukraine is described. The experience of forming an effective team of railway professionals under Georgiy Mykolayovych’s leadership has been studied. The main personal traits of Georgiy Kirpa are shown, which were the key factors to his professional success.

PROSPECTS FOR IMPLEMENTING THE MODEL OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE’S ECONOMY

The theoretical basis of innovative development is analyzed in the article. Global trends that motivate countries to use models of innovative development are determined. Requirements to the model of innovative development are formulated: flexibility (possibility of adaptation to concrete management systems); scientific (use of modern achievements of management science and involvement of external consultants), adequacy (response to changes in the external environment); creativity (focus on the creative potential of managers); rationality (optimization of organizational relations); reliability (proper information support); efficiency (cost savings); multivariate (availability of alternative management decisions in each situation). The models of innovative development, which are effectively used abroad, are analyzed, in particular: orientation towards leadership in science and implementation of large-scale projects; focus on creating a favorable innovation environment and rationalizing the structure of the economy; focus on creating an innovative infrastructure and society’s acceptance of the role of scientific and technological innovations. It is proved that the classical format of «Asian» model is inappropriate for Ukraine, but it is possible to form its domestic modification with the active participation of universities. A model for managing innovative development consisting of two subsystems is proposed: managing and managed. It is substantiated that the control subsystem in this model is the state and regional government, and the managed subsystem is, first of all, a set of business entities and their associations within which the managerial influence on goods and services, personnel, finance, technology, marketing, etc. It is specified that the model of innovative development of the national economy constantly provides new opportunities for the management system and creates an intellectual foundation for the effective implementation of innovations.

Посилення регіональної орієнтації економічних систем в умовах слоубалізації

The purpose of the article is to study the evolution of globalization of the world economy, estimate the consequences of strengthening the regional orientation as a result of slowbalization (slowing down the growth rate of the economy) and substantiate the measures to mitigate the consequences. As a result of the study, the stages of globalization are distinguished on the basis of world indices of open trade, which are: industrialization, interwar period, post-war period, liberalization and slowbalization. The dynamics of the worldwide GDP growth rate is studied and the onset of slowing down (or slowbalization) of the world economic system is substantiated. The problems of globalization are defined and factors of development of slowbalization are outlined. The peculiarities of the transformation of the global space are distinguished and it is substantiated that slowbalization can lead to strengthening of regional ties within economic systems. An analysis of regional slowbalization of economic systems was carried out, a detailing of de-globalization in China, Europe and Central Asia was considered, the impact of slowbalization on the economic development of the regions of Ukraine was determined. It is substantiated that the growth of socio-economic inequality of regions, which directly affects the level of socio-political stability, acts as a limiter of economic growth. It is determined that the State investments for the implementation of large-scale projects in Ukraine will ensure the development of the national economic system in harsh conditions of slowbalization. It is noted that in order to mitigate the negative consequences of slowbalization in order to develop economic systems, it is necessary to ensure consolidation of all sectors of the economy with a simultaneous focus on the specialization of the economic system. Prospects for further research in this direction are to define the priority intraregional flows in Ukraine in the context of slowbalization and to develop appropriate industrial and investment policies for the development of regions in order to their further economic development.

Overseas Chinese Affairs Policy of the PRC from Jiang Zemin to Xi Jinping (Part 1)

The article is devoted to the PRC's overseas Chinese affairs policy during the reign of Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, and Xi Jinping (1993 — present).During this period, the previously created mechanisms of foreign policy towards Overseas Chinese (huaqiao-huaren) and domestic policy towards re-emigrants and relatives of emigrants and re-emigrants (guiqiao-qiaojuan) became a flexible system, which can adapt to the Chinese and international reality, and effectively attracting the resources of the diaspora to the implementation of large-scale projects and initiatives of the PRC. The first part of the article analyzes the theoretical views and attitudes of Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, and Xi Jinping to work with the Chinese diaspora. It presents the theory of overseas Chinese as a unique resource and advantage for the large-scale development of the PRC; as a "three great available opportunities" for building a moderately prosperous society, combating separatism, developing public diplomacy; and as an important part of foreign relations of China and an as a supporting force for the stimulation the state's development. It outlines the guiding ideologies, key principles, and objectives of this work. It analyzes the main directions of foreign policy towards overseas Chinese. The author focuses on the issues of protecting the rights and interests of compatriots abroad, uniting the Chinese diaspora, attracting huaqiao-huazhen to the development of trade and economic cooperation of the PRC with foreign states and business, and organizing the participation of huaqiao-huazhen in the reunification of the motherland. The second part of the article is devoted to the analysis of the domestic policy towards overseas Chinese.

МОДЕЛЬ ОЦЕНКИ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ КРУПНОМАСШТАБНЫХ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ: ДЕРЕВО ЦЕЛЕЙ И КОЭФФИЦИЕНТЫ ОТНОСИТЕЛЬНОЙ ВАЖНОСТИ

The article proposes a methodology for assessing the public effectiveness of large-scale infrastructure projects. The implementation of large-scale projects affects the gross domestic product, the consumption fund, and making a decision to invest in a particular project is an extraordinary task. Projects of this scale involve a high degree of uncertainty and traditional methods are not acceptable as a tool for evaluating performance. The objects of comparative evaluation are railway projects: the Transpolar Mainline, the Lensk-Kamchatka Mainline and the railway crossing to Sakhalin Island. In the course of the research, the author applies both well-known methods of systems analysis (goal tree, expert assessments, relative importance coefficients, scenario approach) and methods of neo-system analysis (it is proposed to use a hybrid model of verbal and non-verbal assessment models). A tree of public efficiency goals for a large-scale project is constructed. To assess the achievement of the general goal, subgoals were formed: military-strategic, social and economic. The goal tree was considered in three scenarios: optimistic, intermediate, and pessimistic. In the course of the study, a questionnaire was developed and a survey of experts’ opinions was conducted. As a result of processing expert opinions, it was possible to obtain coefficients of relative importance (priorities) of each sub-goal in three different scenarios. At the next stage, the “alternative + scenario” sets were considered, within the framework of the constructed goal tree. This approach of processing the results of the goal tree allows taking into account the “scale” of the project since the analyzed projects have a significant impact on the entire economy, thereby influencing the scenarios themselves, in contrast to the widely used method of hierarchy analysis. As a result of the study, a methodology for evaluating large-scale projects using real experts was tested, which showed the priority of the railway crossing project to Sakhalin Island. When analyzing by the classical methods, the uncertainty of the external environment that affects the implementation of a particular scenario is taken into account, and this is sufficient in the framework of evaluating small-scale projects using the methods of system analysis. But the evaluation of large-scale projects using this method is incomplete, despite the systematic approach, since the implementation of such projects has an impact on the scenario itself, and this fact must be taken into account. It is concluded that it is necessary to use adequate methods of decision-making in relation to large-scale infrastructure projects, the need to use the methodology of non-system analysis, such an approach will allow taking into account the uncertainty of the external environment even more.

РАЗВИТИЕ НОВЫХ ФОРМ И СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ КАДРОВ ИНДУСТРИИ ТУРИЗМА В ТВОРЧЕСКОМ ВУЗЕ

The paper examines the problems of development of professional tourism education.The directions of training tourism industry personnel in accordance with the new educational standards based on professional standards in the creative University of culture are considered and determined. Assessment of types of tourism, ethnographic and local lore allows you to determine the competence of effective tourism activities of future specialists in the field of tourism. Results. The implementation of large-scale projects in the field of recreation and leisure has a significant socio-economic significance and a positive economic effect.To ensure high quality and appropriate training of future industry personnel, it is necessary to develop professional standards of professions, taking into account new approaches.

Ринок енергоносіїв країн Латинської Америки в умовах пандемії: загрози, механізми захисту та потенційні наслідки

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all countries of the world, and its consequences are tangible not only today, but will have effect in the long run. The article is devoted to the impact of the coronavirus crisis on the energy market in Latin America. The study identifies the main threats, outlines potential protection mechanisms, and attempts to predict the further development of the situation in the energy sector in times of crisis. Mexico has begun to actively implement a number of protection mechanisms (hedging, redirection of state trust funds, etc.) to counter the effects of the coronavirus crisis. Argentina`s police is similar, as the country has introduced a decree obliging oil companies to support production and investment at the level of 2019 in order to mitigate the impact of the crisis. Venezuela, as a country the most dependent on oil exports, is facing an acute shortage threat. They allowed to sell oil to private companies, which in turn put an end to the state’s monopoly on the energy market. The oil price collapse has highlighted serious problems in the Colombian economy, which could last for several years. Continuation or reintroduction of quarantine measures does not give hope for a rapid recovery in demand for oil and petroleum products, which threatens to reduce investment in the region. Therefore, governments are forced to seek financial support from international organizations or other states. It is noted that the pandemic has dealt a severe blow to countries that have lost potential opportunities and failed to reach a better economic level. In addition, difficulties have been encountered in implementation of large-scale projects in the field of oil production. The authors conclude that most countries of the region will have to adapt to new realities and, as a result, make structural changes in national economies. As the COVID-19 pandemic is unlikely to end in the near future and compliance with quarantine measures remains relevant, it will be necessary to look for other ways of economic development that are not related to energy exports. &nbsp

BANK PROJECT FINANCING IN THE CONDITIONS OF MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY IN UKRAINE

Introduction. Banking project investments as one of the important factors of economic development of any country should be investigated. Despite the relative novelty of project financing in Ukraine, it should be studied because this process has been widely used for a long period in the world, which is confirmed by the implementation of large-scale projects. The purpose of the article is the implementation of a comparative analysis of bank project financing in Ukraine and the world during the pre-crisis macroeconomic situation, as well as the development of appropriate proposals for further development of the mentioned investments. Results. It substantiated the promotion project financing would be impossible in the conditions of the predominance of the short-term loans and the unwillingness of banking institutions to participate in the financing of infrastructure and investment projects. The factors hindering the development of bank project financing in Ukraine were determined. Significant potential for the rapid development of project financing has been fully confirmed by the corresponding market demand. However, for the development of project financing in Ukraine it is necessary to realistically and in detail assess the viability and profitability of projects. Also, the most effective leverage can and should be appropriate changes in the legislation that might give the guarantee bilateral protection of investors and creditors, as well as describe the approaches to the formation of a simplified mechanism for this type of financing.

Problems in the Assessment of Large-Scale Projects

This paper analyzes problems revealed by practice of implementation of large-scale projects (megaprojects). It discusses features of large-scale projects, namely, their impact on the whole economy and high uncertainty regarding conditions of their implementation, as well as possibilities of the standard approach to assessing social efficiency of investment projects to adequately take account of these features. Some ways to solve the problems under consideration are proposed.

RESEARCH OF THE MOST IMPORTANT RUSSIAN FEDERATION TERRITORIAL INNOVATIVE CLUSTERS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT THEIR STRATEGIC POTENTIAL IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PROJECT APPROACH

The article considers domestic and foreign experience of organization and development of innovative territorial clusters. The countries-leaders in the field of cluster initiatives are defined and the comparative characteristic of the most indicative practices of clustering of the States of Europe, Southeast Asia and America is given. This work is a continuation of the study of the theory and practice of clustering regions of the Russian Federation and reflects the geography of the Russian territorial clusters, their specialization, belonging to a particular industry, as well as the relationship between the results of regional development and the presence on their territory of innovative clusters. The implementation of the pilot project of innovative clustering in Russia served as a starting point for the formation of a group of leading clusters on a number of individual performance indicators and scale of activity. The analysis of the performance of the most important territorial innovation clusters in Russia allowed to determine the possibilities and prospects of effective use of their strategic potential in the context of the project approach to regional development. In this regard, the emphasis is placed on the need for organizational changes within the clusters associated with the involvement of private business in the implementation of large-scale projects and programs, and its further sustainable cooperation with the public sector through the mechanism of public-private partnership for the most effective achievement of commercial and public goals.

Criteria and Provisions for Efficient Implementation of Macro-Projects of International Sport Event Tourism

In this paper, the problems of effective implementation of large-scale projects of international sporting event tourism are considered. It has been shown that large-scale sports events in the system of event tourism play a significant role and have a steady dynamic of development, that is why they form a circle of scientific interests both in the sphere of international tourism marketing and in the field of project management. The features of sport large-scale events and their management are analyzed, which, as it is defined, requires the use of a complex of measures and instruments within the limits of macro-projects of international sports tourism. The concept of macro-projects of international sport tourism is defined, the necessity of application of criteria of effective realization of data of macro projects in accordance with the system of requirements for their effectiveness is revealed and substantiated. Particular attention is paid to the necessity of searching for scientifically grounded ways of providing organizers of large-scale projects of sport event tourism with the fullest implementation of project tasks in the process of organizing sport events, as well as on the formation of a scientific basis for the selection of projects of sports event tourism of a certain group of large-scale projects (macro projects), management of which, based on their specificity, significance, scale and number of structures involved in the organization, has certain features. On the basis of the conducted study of the results of holding a large event in Ukraine, the Euro-2012, a comparative analysis of this event and sports events that were implemented in other countries, the author identified a list of factors that influence the effective implementation of similar to the Euro-2012 events, problems of realization and ways of overcoming them.

Methodical approaches to energy supply with usage of renewable energy sources on objects of transport infrastructure of federal importance

In this article we consider the potential possibility of using renewable energy sources for the construction of transport infrastructure facilities of the Federal importance. We analyzed major promising projects for the construction of roads and bridges for the period until 2030 year, considered a step-by-step scheme for energy supply of a large facility, using the example of the Kerch bridge, and made an analysis of the potential usage of hybrid power plants based on renewable energy sources for the implementation of projects. We developed methodological approaches to the implementation of large-scale projects that would allow one to take into account not only economic efficiency, but all the positive effects that can be achieved from the project.

On the Need of a Comprehensive Risk Assessment of the Implementation for Major Infrastructure Projects in Kaliningrad (Vistula) Lagoon

Kaliningrad/Vistula lagoon is divided by state border into two approximately equal parts that belong to the Republic of Poland and the Russian Federation. In the context of cross-border nature of the gulf, the implementation of large-scale projects – projects for the construction of a deepwater port in the Russian part of the gulf or the navigable channel on the Polish part of the spit – acquire the level of international cross-border projects that require coordination and approval at the international level, as the effects (primarily geo-ecological) from the implementation of such projects affect both sides of the unified nature system of the bay. As part of this work, the authors analyze the complex and in many ways contradictory situation around the Polish project to build a navigable channel through the Polish part of the Baltic/Vistula spit. The main conclusion that the authors make – projects of this magnitude require the joint interstate approval, including the consent of all the inhabitants of the coastal areas of the Kaliningrad / Vistula bay.

ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ УСПІШНОГО ДОСВІДУ КРАЇН ЄС ДЛЯ ЗБІЛЬШЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРОЄКТІВ ДЕРЖАВНО-ПРИВАТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА

The article considers the tendencies of applying the successful experience of EU countries to increase the efficiency of public-private partnership projects, solving the main problems of their development in socio-economic spheres, as well as to upgrade the infrastructure of countries. Emphasis is placed on the main features that characterize public-private partnership projects, in accordance with the provisions of the Green Paper of the European Union. It is substantiated that the leading countries in the implementation of large-scale public-private partnership projects are the United Kingdom, Germany and France, and the most common areas of application of these mechanisms are transport and social infrastructure. According to the results of 2019, the total value of public-private partnership transactions in the European market was almost 10 billion euros. It is determined that one of the forms of cooperation between public authorities and representatives of private business in developed countries is the mechanisms of public-private partnership, which contribute to more efficient and rational implementation of large-scale projects of national importance. It is substantiated that one of the most common forms of partnership, interaction between public authorities and private business representatives is the private finance initiative, which is actively used by the British government. There is no legal framework in this area, so in practice, the regulation of the implementation of private finance initiative projects is based on internal directives of the UK Ministries of Finance. The essence of the mechanism of private financial initiative is to combine the state procurement program, when the authorities purchase capital construction projects from representatives of private business with the conclusion of an external contract for the provision of public services.