Implementation Of IT Projects Research Articles

Comparison of solutions to the task of IT product configuration items early identification using hierarchical clusterization methods

The object of this study is the IT project configuration management process. During the research, the problem of early identification of configuration items (CI) in the information system (IS) of enterprise management was solved. Research in this field is mainly aimed at solving the task of early identification of services and microservices during the refactoring of software systems. The issue of the application of artificial intelligence methods for the detection of CI has not been sufficiently investigated. During the study, the Chameleon hierarchical clustering method was adapted to solve the problem of early identification of CI IS. This method takes into account both the internal similarity and the connectivity of individual functions of the studied IS. The adapted Chameleon method was used when solving the task of early identification of CI in the functional task "Formation and maintenance of an individual plan of a scientific and pedagogical employee of the department". 10 functions and 12 essences of the problem database were considered as the initial CIs. The result of the solution is a dendrogram with all possible options for decomposition of the description of the task architecture into individual CIs. Based on the results, a comparative analysis of the use of Chameleon, DIANA, and AGNES methods for solving the problem of early identification was carried out. According to the criteria "Number of vertices of the dendrogram", "Number of levels of decomposition of the dendrogram", and "Evenness of filling the elements of the dendrogram", the results from using the Chameleon method are the best. Using the research results allows automating the procedure of forming backlogs of IT project implementation teams. This makes it possible to improve the quality of IS development by assigning IS containing similar functions to the same IT project executor

Comparison of solutions to the task of IT product configuration items early identification using hierarchical clusterization methods

The object of this study is the IT project configuration management process. During the research, the problem of early identification of configuration items (CI) in the information system (IS) of enterprise management was solved. Research in this field is mainly aimed at solving the task of early identification of services and microservices during the refactoring of software systems. The issue of the application of artificial intelligence methods for the detection of CI has not been sufficiently investigated. During the study, the Chameleon hierarchical clustering method was adapted to solve the problem of early identification of CI IS. This method takes into account both the internal similarity and the connectivity of individual functions of the studied IS. The adapted Chameleon method was used when solving the task of early identification of CI in the functional task "Formation and maintenance of an individual plan of a scientific and pedagogical employee of the department". 10 functions and 12 essences of the problem database were considered as the initial CIs. The result of the solution is a dendrogram with all possible options for decomposition of the description of the task architecture into individual CIs. Based on the results, a comparative analysis of the use of Chameleon, DIANA, and AGNES methods for solving the problem of early identification was carried out. According to the criteria "Number of vertices of the dendrogram", "Number of levels of decomposition of the dendrogram", and "Evenness of filling the elements of the dendrogram", the results from using the Chameleon method are the best. Using the research results allows automating the procedure of forming backlogs of IT project implementation teams. This makes it possible to improve the quality of IS development by assigning IS containing similar functions to the same IT project executor

Estimation of IT-project efforts for information system creation in the conditions of re-use of its functions

Estimation of IT-project efforts for information system creation in the conditions of re-use of its functions

DATA MINING AND BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IN MANAGING THE BUSINESS PROCESSES OF THE PROJECT OFFICE OF AN OUTSOURCING COMPANY

The article carries out a comprehensive study of the possibilities of applying modern business analytics and intelligent data analysis methods to optimize project management processes in the conditions of an outsourcing IT company. The work justifies the relevance of the problem associated with the avalanche-like growth of data volumes during the implementation of IT projects and the possibilities of innovative technologies for their intellectual analysis to identify hidden patterns. Scientific works of leading experts in project management and informatization have been critically analyzed, but a lack of comprehensive studies regarding data analysis specifically for project offices was noted. To achieve the research goal, a thorough analysis of the essence and possibilities of business analytics and intelligent data analysis was carried out, their role in managing modern organizations was examined in detail, and the scientific advantages of implementation in project offices of outsourcing companies were justified. The study of the practical use of business analytics and intelligent data analysis tools to solve the specific task of searching for new projects in the marketing activities of the IT outsourcing company was conducted. Effective methods of data collection, processing, and analysis concerning clients, market, competitors, communication channels, etc., were thoroughly analyzed. Thus, the article carries out a comprehensive study of the theoretical foundations and applied aspects of using advanced business analytics and intelligent data analysis tools with the aim of improving and optimizing the marketing activities of the modern project office of an outsourcing IT company by making timely well-founded managerial decisions based on deep analysis of available data sets.

Factors and Criteria for Choosing an IT Project Implementation Methodology (Based on Expert Survey Materials)

The scientific article discusses with the problem of the dependence of the choice of methodology for the implementation of IT projects on the factors influencing the effectiveness of such activities. An IT project and its performance is considered in terms of the capacity of an IT project, the type of IT project. The basis of the empirical study was an expert survey based on the Delphi methodology. In the survey, the authors invite experts to consider what factors and criteria, in addition to the classical ones, can affect the image of the result in the implementation of IT projects.

Application of Process Mapping in Improving IT Project Implementation Strategies

The implementation of business management software still causes many problems and often fails. To increase the likelihood of success of IT projects, it is necessary to take care of formulating appropriate implementation strategies and use the experience and methodological achievements related to the field of project management.

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Risk Management Practices in the Performance of IT Projects

This study assessed the effectiveness of risk management practices in the performance of IT projects. This study was guided by Project Management Theory. The study employed a mixed research approach, a mixed research approach and descriptive research design. The study was conducted at the Tanzania Revenues Authority Head Office in Dar es Salaam, the targeted population of this study is 200 and the sample size was 133 obtained suing simple random sampling techniques and purposive sampling techniques. in this study data was analysed using quantitative and qualitative techniques. The findings show that management practices are very essential in the implementation of the IT projects. It was also shown that effective project implementation depends much on the effective risk management practice because it is through them that risk can be mitigated for the sustainability of the IT projects. moreover, the results obtained through correlation analysis shows that Risk Assessment Practices (RAP) correlated (r (125)> .568, P< .000), Risk Response Practices (RRP) correlated (r (125)> 452, P < .000), Risk Response Practice (RRP) and the performance of IT Projects (PIP). Lastly Monitoring and Control Process (MCP) had a correlation of (r (125)> 652, P < .000. The results of this study concluded that there is a positive and significance relationship between risk management practices and the performance of IT projects. Despite of these supportive findings this study recommended for the proactive management of project risk because IT project implementation is subject to the limitation challenges and risks, thus through proactive management of project risk a comprehensive assessment of risk and preparation of a suitable management plan can be activated. The study recommended further research be conducted on the assessment of the effectiveness of implementation approaches toward project sustainability.

Current requirements for the training of IT bachelors

The authors focus on the universal competencies of IT bachelors, which are professionally important in the development of team IT projects. The authors have revealed that the universal competencies, which IT companies interested in, are not sufficiently formed by future IT bachelors in higher education institutions, which creates problems in their further professional activities.To find the causes, the analysis of indicators of personal results and meta-subject results of secondary education and universal competencies of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education 3++ was carried out. Deficiencies were identified, leading to a skew in the continuity of personal results and meta-subject results of secondary education and the development of universal competencies in higher education. The professional standards for the conjugation of work requirements with universal competencies of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education 3++ have been investigated.As a result, universal competencies, which are professionally significant for effective professional activities of IT bachelors in terms of implementation of team IT projects in remote working conditions, establishment of productive communication with IT team and with the customer of the software product, as well as continuous self-development of IT specialist, were identified. The component structure of professionally significant universal competencies consisting of individual-personal, organizational, and social personal components was developed. A methodology for the development of professional significant universal competencies of future IT bachelors on the basis of team media-educational projects is proposed.This methodology takes into account the individual distribution of roles in the project team and its implemented in the first year of IT training. The results of the study may be of interest for teachers who model professional tasks, as well as serve to improve the quality of training of competitive IT specialists.

Formation of the system of integrated risk appetite management during it project implementation

The object of research is the risk appetite of an IT project. It is important for the implementation of an IT project to determine the critical values of indicators important for the activity, which predetermines the need to define and manage risk appetite. Risk appetite management in the implementation of an IT project directly affects its successful implementation and requires theoretical and methodological foundations for its consideration in the project management system. By establishing risk appetite, the project manager determines how much risk s/he is willing to take in order to achieve the key goals of the project. The definitions of "risk appetite", "risk tolerance", "risk appetite" in the implementation of IT projects have been clarified. It is determined that risk appetite should be considered as an integral set of IT project risk, which affects the achievement of the set goals: completion of the project in time, volume and budget that have been agreed. Risk tolerance defines acceptable limits for individual operational risks of the project. This will allow project participants to understand the limits of their authority and responsibility in risk management. A survey of project managers was conducted on their understanding of risk appetite and its use in project management. As a result, the most significant risks and the most used indicators and methods for establishing the risk appetite of IT projects were identified. This made it possible to generalize the experience of establishing and using risk appetite in IT projects. Also, based on the results of the study, an integrated risk appetite management system for the implementation of an IT project is proposed. This will allow balancing the permissible risk limits and the desired goals of its implementation during the implementation of the IT project. At the same time, an important place is occupied by taking into account the interests of stakeholders and their vision of the results, taking into account the risks. The findings reported here could make it possible to systematize risk management of IT projects and determine it as part of a single integrated project management process

Methodological aspects of cost accounting and calculation of the cost of it services

The article examines the essence of the concept of «IT-service» and provides a critical assessment of the state of regulatory regulation of the costing of services. It is found that the insufficiency of regulatory regulation and the lack of theoretical research on the choice of an organizational and methodological model of costing information products and services in practice encourage adaptation of the general costing methodology without taking into account the peculiarities of the technology of providing IT-services (production of IT-products), which reduces the reliability of costing calculations and does not contribute to the adoption of effective management decisions. Therefore, based on the study of scientific works, the significant differences inherent in IT-services were defined and systematized, and the specific features of IT-services and their provision technologies were determined. It has been proven that the established features of IT-services have a significant impact on the organization and methodology of cost accounting for the provision of IT-services. It was concluded that the most adequate to the nature of IT-services and the features of the technology of their provision is the non-contract (project) method of accounting with the detailing of production costs by customers, IT-projects and types of information services. Taking into account the requirements of the current regulatory framework and the technological features of the provision of IT-services, the composition of cost items for the implementation of IT-projects has been identified, which will contribute to streamlining the accounting of costs and calculating the cost of IT-services. In order to take into account the peculiarities of the provision of IT-services, the ratio of cost accounting objects and calculation objects is proposed, and calculation units are differentiated depending on the type of IT -services. Taking into account the insignificant amount of indirect costs for the provision of information services, a traditional approach to their distribution using a single basis – the working time of programmers – is proposed. An organizational and methodological model of project costing of IT-services is proposed. The practical application of the given proposals will ensure the complete inclusion of costs in the cost of IT-services, the reliability of cost calculations, and the improvement of the quality of management decision-making.

Problems of Operational HR Decision-Making in the Process of IT Project Management

The digitalization of all aspects of the life of the state and society required the development of information technologies and, as a result, gave rise to organizational problems in the implementation of IT projects. The issues of creating an information-analytical system to support the adoption of strategic and operational decisions on appointments and distribution of tasks in the process of project management are becoming increasingly important. The life cycle of innovative projects for the development and implementation of information technologies is characterized by a plurality of implemented functions and the subjectivity of assessing the skill level of performers. Solving the problems of human resource management should ensure a reduction in the likelihood of IT project risks and, in accordance with the principles of classical management theory and the theory of human relations, stimulate employee motivation and the desire for self-realization. The uncertainty of the factors used in the organization of work on the project makes it inefficient to use the classical methods of distribution and redistribution of tasks. Decision-making models built on the basis of the system analysis methodology and the Pospelov resolving matrix method implemented in the computational and intellectual components of the automated decision-making system provide a reduction in the risks traditionally associated with the innovative activities of IT companies.

Implementation of Russian national IT projects within the framework of the concept of digital transformation of Russian regions

Subject. The article considers specific features of the implementation of Russian national projects in the field of information technology. Objectives. The purpose is to examine factors that can both contribute to and hinder successful implementation of Russian national IT projects. Methods. The study draws on general scientific research methods. Results. The paper presents the results of work of Russian digital services in 2021–2022, formulates the most in-demand online services in Russia, highlights promising areas for the implementation of national IT projects. Conclusions. It is crucial to eliminate legal barriers that impede the development of artificial intelligence technologies on Russian information platforms. An important task in the field of digitalization of the economy is the development and implementation of Russian software.

Neural network natural language processing tools for identifying personal priorities in the project performers selection in the field of smart agriculture

The project implementation effectiveness in creating digital smart agriculture systems depends on the correct selection of performers. Considering personal priorities makes it possible to increase the validity of decision-making regarding the employment of specific individuals for the implementation of IT projects in the agro-industrial sector. Personal priorities are internal, hidden characteristics that have an effect on the process of long-term joint work and interaction in various situations that arise in the team. The identification of the analyzed individual’s personal priorities is proposed to be reduced to solving the classification problem based on the analysis of person’s text Internet traces using neural network technologies of natural language processing. As a training sample, it is proposed to use a set of text document vectors and the corresponding marks of personal priority classes. In the process of identifying the personal priorities classes, it is required to create an appropriate text array based on parsing and processing of text messages published on the Internet by the analyzed person. Next, from the resulting text array, a text vector of the document must be formed, which then needs to be submitted to the input of the neural network. It is assumed that the mark of the analyzed individual’s personal priority class will be displayed in the output layer of neurons.

IT Project Management: Supply Chain Optimization for Service Operations

IT project management can use both project and process-oriented approaches. Pre-investment, investment (development and implementation phase), and operations and maintenance are the three phases that make up the life cycle of an IT project. The service processes are part of the third phase. The earliest stage of an IT project's life cycle necessitates a substantial financial commitment. As a result, it may be considered a business venture. As a result, project management concepts and techniques may be used in the implementation of IT projects. During the investment phase, methods for software development and testing are implemented. It is carried out in compliance with industry standards that govern the deployment of life cycle models. The size of the program code and the complexity of the software determine the cost and timeliness of IT system implementation, maintenance, and servicing jobs. As a result, the process approach can be used to manage various phases of large-scale IT projects. Supply chain optimization, in particular, can be used advantageously. This report is devoted to the optimization of supply chains for service operations at the stage of implementation and maintenance of large IT projects. A feature of this approach is that the human resources of an IT service support team are considered as a subject for the supply chain. Conditions are also given that the supply chain for service operations considered has the resilience and viability properties. The parameters for the multiple-channel queuing model are calculated using the mathematical model presented in this paper. Microsoft Excel is used to implement this model. It enables us to generate estimations for the average time of maintenance and support jobs during the pre-investment phase, as well as determine the optimal size for the IT service support team.

An analysis of the causes and consequences of the information gap in IT projects. The client’s and the supplier’s perspective in Poland

The high IT project failure rate means that the stakeholders start recognizing the need to analyze the factors influencing project success, previously deemed irrelevant in the face of technology, including the agile approach, eliminating project documentation, effective prototyping, information asymmetry between project parties, while also perfecting communication and the methods of knowledge transfer between team members. Currently, IT projects are researched using a holistic approach, seeing an implementation project as a whole, subject to specific regularities, which may not be deduced based on the knowledge of their individual components. We would like to enrich the research perspective with the notion of the information gap. The article aims to evaluate and analyze the information gap in ERP and CRM project implementations. We have researched the information gap from the perspective of project managers on the supplier’s and the client’s sides. The study was conducted in Poland between 2014 and 2021 in a group of medium companies, using qualitative research methods: unstructured interview and direct observation. The study led to a qualitative characterization of the information gap and the identification of its causes and consequences. The presented research result can help achieve three goals, i.e. studying the information gap in the selected group of IT projects, indicating the nature of imperfection in information access by the project participants, and raising awareness amongst project managers regarding risk management issues, especially uncertainty. Reducing the information gap can be used by the transaction parties to implement a strategy of building the object’s resilience to uncertainty and its consequences. These results can help develop methodologies of IT project implementation, limiting the level of risk and uncertainty.

Exploring the Misalignment between Business and Information Technology on the Implementation of Balanced Scorecard: Case Study of State-Owned Telecommunication Companies in Indonesia

Many organisations around the world have faced misalignment in attaining the alignment between business and IT. The positive effect of alignment on overall company success has been focused on previous research. On the other hand, the misalignment in the implementation of a balanced scorecard was primarily unexplored. This study aimed at identifying and evaluating the factors that contribute to a misalignment of businesses and IT. The case study methodology is conducted in two state-owned telecommunication companies in Indonesia. The telecommunication industry’s selection as the case study is because of their nature closely related to technology development and implementation. Five semi-structured interviews, field notes and business records are used to produce the data, which have been thematically analysed and further follow by cross-case analysis to compare the thematic analysis result from each company. This study has resulted in 12 factors of misalignment between business and IT that can inhibit achieving alignment in implementing a balanced scorecard. The main findings showed that human factors, enterprise architecture, and IT project implementation factors could be three main source themes that can potentially contribute to misalignment. The findings may allow researchers to devise frameworks for how misalignments can be minimised to align business and IT better. This finding also useful in practice for companies that are seeking to achieve business-IT alignment by focusing on human factors, enterprise architecture factors, and IT project implementation factors.

Information systems for servicing integration projects in enterprises

Most modern integrative processes related to the automation of production facilities do not bring the expected increase in efficiency. This paper is devoted to the complex use of modern integration technologies during the combination of management systems of production facility process and an enterprise as a whole. It is obvious that during the organization of this kind of work, various difficulties arise, the main of which are discussed in this paper and the recommendations for their solution are given. The solution proposed in the paper is beneficial in terms of relatively low implementation costs, the possibility of rapid implementation and relative simplicity. The main attention is paid to the issues of project management at the initial stage, when the influence of conceptual differences in the choice of the method of technical implementation is maximally strong. The use of the proposed methods can significantly improve the quality of system integration projects. The method proposed in this paper can increase the efficiency of the implementation and use of IT projects at large industrial enterprises.

Sustainable Risk Management in IT Enterprises

A synthesis of literature studies covering the determinants of agile project management methods, risk management processes as well as factors influencing the shaping of project success and failure clearly indicates that in most publications on risk in agile managed projects, the human factor is heavily underestimated at the expense of often excessive favoring of procedures. Meanwhile, after analyzing the risk factors that arise in agile-managed IT projects, it became apparent that in addition to aspects such as technology, hardware, system, or even project schedule and cost, the project team is highlighted, which is also the second concept with the GPM P5 Standard for Sustainability in Project Management. Thus, the purpose of this article is to develop a model for risk management in IT projects. As a result of the empirical research carried out by means of an expert interview (108 experts) and a questionnaire survey (123 respondents), a risk management model was developed and six original risk management areas were identified, describing 73.92% of all risk factors that may occur during the implementation of an IT project. Furthermore, empirical studies confirm that basic processes such as risk factor identification, impact assessment, and key risk factor management are used by managers and/or team leaders during the implementation of IT projects.

COMPETENCIES CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIALISTS INVOLVED IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT OF IT COMPANIES

Article devotes to one of the topical problems - the review of the competencies of IT specialists involved into the management of IT projects and their classification. The author of the article conducted a detailed analysis of scientific sources, literature on project management, forming and doing business as methods of research, which allowed us to describe number of professional competencies of specialists needed to implement projects in an IT company and get those classified by several characteristics.The purpose of research is related to the studying of the professional competencies of specialists of IT companies which are required for the successful management of IT projects, and arranging of classification of those.Project management is considered as a significant part of IT project implementation, through the mediation of attention to the professional qualities of professionals who are somehow involved into the project management of IT companies. In particular, the ability to manage employees and development teams, IT project management as well as overall management of IT companies were highlighted and made impact on the suggested classification of professional competences of IT specialists involved into management activities in IT companies. It was researched that IT specialists involved into project management has wide list of competences which author suggests for understanding as ability for something or skill.As a result of this work, the competences of specialists of IT companies involved in project management were identified and analyzed, their classification was proposed based on the overview of the special project management, management of employees in IT companies involved into the implementation of the IT projects. Three groups of competences were announced for classification: technical competences, leadership competences and competences of strategic management. Competences were grouped based on suggested classifications.

МЕТОД ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ УСПІШНОСТІ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ НАУКОВИХ ІТ-ПРОЄКТІВ НА ОСНОВІ АНАЛІЗУ ЇХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК

The paper further developed the method of predicting the success of the implementation of scientific IT projects based on the analysis of their characteristics. The paper argues for the need to deepen the analysis of requirements, the dependence of the success of the scientific IT project on the requirements, the relevance and importance of the ability to assess the possible success of the project based on requirements, and the need to support the developer and the customer, which now are guided in making such a choice only by the cost and duration of the project, as well as their own intuition. The developed method consists of: neural network prediction of project characteristics based on requirements analysis; interpretation of the obtained relative values of the project characteristics on the basis of the integrative project indicator; assessing the degree of success of project implementation on the basis of an integrative project indicator; predicting the category of success of scientific IT project (successful, challenged, failed) based on the degree of success of the project implementation. The input data for the developed method of predicting the success of the implementation of scientific IT projects based on the analysis of their characteristics is a set of indicators form the requirements, and the result of the method is a conclusion on the category of success of project implementation, which allows making an informed choice of the project for further implementation. The developed method differs from the known ones in that it allows to predict the success of project implementation, to compare projects comprehensively according to the main characteristics and the predicted success of project implementation (and not only by cost and duration, as it happens now) and to make a reasonable choice of project for further implementation.