Initial Implementation Research Articles

Existing household solid waste source separation practices and their contribution towards sustainable solid waste management: The case of Kisumu City, Kenya

Sustainable solid waste management is a global concern. An effective measure to improve the waste management levels and convert household solid waste into useful materials is to conduct source separation instead of just collecting and burning or burying it. This study adopted a descriptive survey design to determine the current household solid waste source separation practices and how they contribute towards sustainable solid waste management in Kisumu City of Kisumu County, Kenya. Primary data was collected through questionnaires, structured interviews and checklists, while secondary data was acquired through a document review of relevant literature. The data was descriptively analysed on SPSS program. The study found that 80 percent of the respondents believed that household waste separation was possible (mean = 1.26; standard deviation = 0.439). About 62 percent of respondents practiced waste separation before disposal, particularly for food waste, recyclables, and plastics (mean = 2.72; standard deviation = 1.387). About 96 in every 100 respondents believed that separation of household solid waste could enhance hygiene at home (mean = 1.04; standard deviation = 0.202). A significant note was that about 70 percent of the respondents indicated attempting to sensitize their household members on the importance of separation of household solid wastes (mean = 1.30; standard deviation = 0.458). The study recommends the development and implementation of comprehensive public awareness and education initiatives to promote residents' household solid waste source separation behaviour. Such a practice would positively impact on the environment and bring along with it economic advantages of income generation through sale of recyclable materials.

The effect of the new revenue recognition principle (IFRS 15) on financial statement comparability: Evidence from Korea

This study investigates the initial impact of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 15 by comparing the financial statement comparability of the effective years of its implementation with those of the pre-IFRS 15 periods. Given that private firms are exempt from the IFRS 15 amendment, we use them as the control group for public firms. Specifically, we use Korean firms from 2015 to 2020 and employ a difference-in-differences approach. This study finds an increase in financial statement comparability for public firms after the IFRS 15 application relative to the change of private firms that are not subject to the IFRS 15. We interpret that the enhancement in financial statement comparability is caused by the following two aspects of IFRS 15: discretion reduction effect and harmonization of multiple standards effect. Furthermore, an increase in comparability is greater for firms that are clients of industry-specialist auditors and those that operate in less-competitive industries, unlike their counterparts. We also find that discretionary revenues are lower in the post-IFRS 15 period than in the pre-IFRS 15 period. Overall, the results of this study suggest that IFRS 15 can deliver the outcomes aimed for by regulators, at least during its initial implementation.

Sustainability Reporting Quality and Corporate Value: Indonesia and Malaysia Context

Purpose: The aims of this research are twofold: (1) to examine the quality of sustainability reporting among publicly traded firms in Indonesia and Malaysia, and (2) to explore the cause-and-effect link between the quality of sustainability reports and corporate value. Design/methodology/approach: The population consisted of manufacturing enterprises in Indonesia and Malaysia that have issued the Sustainability Report. The sampling was conducted using a random sampling approach and the sample size was determined using the Slovin formula. The assessment of sustainability reporting quality was conducted using certain indicators, namely: (1) adherence to regulations, (2) extent of time horizon disclosures, and (3) level of depth in content disclosure. The assessment of corporate worth was determined by the annual increase in market capitalization. The control variables employed were company size, capital intensity, leverage, and profitability. The data was gathered from the annual report and sustainability report coverage for the years 2018, 2019, and 2020, which were published on the company's website and on the stock market. By employing random sampling and ensuring the availability of all necessary data as per the regression analysis model, we acquired a total of 300 samples of manufacturing firms in Indonesia and 274 samples of manufacturing companies in Malaysia. The evaluation of the Indonesia sustainability report's disclosure pertains to the compliance with Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 51 /POJK.03/2017, which outlines the guidelines for the implementation of sustainable finance. The evaluation of Malaysia's sustainability report disclosure pertains to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). The study employed panel data regression analysis to investigate the causal association between the quality of sustainability report and corporate value. Findings: The practices of sustainability disclosure in Indonesia and Malaysia exhibit distinct emphases. Indonesia priorities environmental factors, whilst Malaysia focuses more on social disclosure. Companies in Malaysia have higher levels of disclosure compared to those in Indonesia due to the earlier implementation of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Environmental disclosures and social disclosures in Indonesia have a notable impact on the value of the company, as measured by Tobin's Q. The negative coefficient of social disclosure indicates that investors typically react unfavorably. The act of evacuating the environment has a beneficial effect, which is seen in the appreciation shown by investors. The revelation of corporate governance has a favorable impact on the company's value (Tobin Q) in Malaysia, indicating that investors in Malaysia exhibit significant interest in governance matters. Higher levels of governance result in reduced risk and increased desirability for investors. Research limitations/implications: Some corporations do not release sustainability reports, hence researchers must get data from annual reports. The presentation of sustainability information in the annual report lacks organisation, resulting in frequently inadequate data. Originality/values: The research's originality resides in its full measurement of disclosure and its study of each component of disclosure in the sustainability report.

Costs of Coal Abatement for Residential Heating to Reduce Urban Air Pollution in Asian Russia: Evidence from Krasnoyarsk

Heat and electricity generation are major sources of air pollution in many large cities worldwide. In Siberian cities, the heat supply significantly contributes to air pollution, as coal remains the primary energy fuel in most of Asian Russia. Krasnoyarsk, the second-largest city in the macro-region by population, serves as a clear example of urban air pollution. In recent years, public authorities have implemented several measures to reduce pollutant emissions. These measures include modernizing thermal power stations, replacing inefficient small boiler houses, and converting residential heating to more environmentally friendly types of fuel. However, our analysis shows that these policies have not yet resulted in a significant transition away from using coal for heating. One of the primary reasons is that alternative fuels are unable to compete with coal in terms of price. The proposal suggests transitioning private households to pellet heating. Our goal is to evaluate the potential environmental and economic impacts of this measure. We estimate the necessary subsidy size for the successful implementation of both initiatives. In conclusion, converting households from coal to pellet heating can reduce the emissions of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, and suspended particles by 0.2%, 8.5%, 4.4%, and 2.7%, respectively, of the total pollutant emissions in Krasnoyarsk. Furthermore, this conversion can provide economic benefits by supporting local pellet producers who heavily rely on export markets. If practically implemented, the proposed approach could solve one of the most significant development issues of one of the largest Russian cities within a few years, with only 2.5% of the annual city budget expenditure.

Implementation of an education session on buprenorphine induction in the emergency department, a resident-led initiative

IntroductionMany physicians including emergency medicine physicians report insufficient training and education on prescribing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder. As emergency departments implement buprenorphine induction protocols, educational sessions can provide physicians with further familiarity with the treatment of opioid use disorder. This quality improvement project aimed to address the barrier of physician education in the implementation of buprenorphine initiation in the emergency department and presents a model for resident-led education sessions of emergency medicine physicians.MethodsThe project was a resident-led educational quality improvement project on educating members of the Department of Emergency Medicine on buprenorphine induction. The thirty-minute educational session included a pre-test survey, lecture, practice case workshop, questions, post-test survey, and a discussion. The survey questions were designed for physicians including residents and faculty, but medical students were invited to complete the session.ResultsPhysicians including faculty and resident physicians responded positively to the educational survey, with an increase from 42.5 to 100% responding that they understood the risks and benefits of prescribing buprenorphine in the emergency department pre and post-survey respectively. Based on post-survey results, 88.5% of physicians responded that they planned to prescribe buprenorphine in the emergency department for patients meeting clinical criteria after completing the educational session.ConclusionThe results suggest that a resident-led training session can encourage peer involvement in buprenorphine induction to treat opioid use disorder in the emergency department.

Leadership Dynamics in Organizational Change: An In-Depth Exploration of Public and Private Sectors in Saudi Arabia

The study explores leadership dynamics in Saudia Arabia that have evolved organisational change focusing on public and private sectors. It examined strategies used by private firms focused on innovation and employee engagement and the bureaucratic challenges public firms face. The study has adopted qualitative analysis in which several interviews were conducted through thematic analysis. The study has also applied quantitative analysis, revealing varied perceptions of organizational change among 38 participants, with the private sector being more open, effective communication moderate, and leadership styles influencing success. The analysis has explored discussing the organizational change in Saudia Arabia. The findings explored a divergence in the organizational change strategies of private and public organizations in Saudia Arabia. Motivated by innovation and employee involvement, private enterprises differ from public organisations in terms of the bureaucratic challenges they face. Leadership has a crucial part in achieving great outcomes when leaders effectively engage in mediation, dispute resolution, and emotional management of their staff. Additionally, it was discovered that leaders played an active role in effectively managing time, fostering discipline, and highlighting employee dedication, all of which contributed to the successful implementation of organizational transformation initiatives.

Factors in Rejecting Covid-19 Vaccine in Indonesia: A Systematic Review

Background: The primary approach to mitigating the Covid-19 epidemic is the implementation of community-wide vaccination initiatives. Nevertheless, a significant obstacle is the widespread refusal to accept the administration of the Covid-19 vaccination. Aims: This study aims to ascertain the determinants behind vaccination hesitancy towards the Covid-19 vaccine in Indonesia. Methods: The research methodology used in this work involves a systematic review approach, specifically using a literature study technique. The literature review used the Google Scholar, Neliti, and Garuda Jurnal databases, focusing on publications published between 2020 and 2021. The literature study search included inclusion criteria encompassing studies involving human subjects, open access availability, and publication in national journals. Results: 38 related publications were identified by the keywords. There were 9 studies subjected to analysis in the final process. Conclusion: The rejection of vaccines in Indonesia can be attributed to various factors, including the prevalence of COVID-19 hoaxes and conspiracies, the level of public knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions towards vaccines, doubts and concerns regarding their efficacy, potential side effects, safety, and compliance with halal standards, as well as the influence of individuals in close relationships.

Digital Transformation in MSMEs in Indonesia: The Importance of Commitment to Change

The current landscape of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia faces a critical challenge in the form of digital transformation, necessitating a unified commitment from all organizational stakeholders. This research endeavors to explore the pivotal role of commitment to change in facilitating digital transformation within Indonesian MSMEs. By scrutinizing existing literature and delineating the positive outcomes associated with commitment to change, this study aims to unearth key factors influencing the successful implementation of digital transformation initiatives in MSMEs. Employing a combination of case study and survey methodologies, our research seeks to not only enhance theoretical insights but also contribute practical understandings to support MSMEs in their pursuit of digital transformation. Through an in-depth analysis, this study aspires to provide strategic recommendations that can guide MSMEs toward effective and sustainable digital transformation. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader discourse on organizational change and digitalization, offering valuable insights for policymakers, academics, and practitioners alike.

Engaging the Great Circle: a qualitative study of the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde’s mobile medication unit

Background The Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon began a Mobile Medication Unit (MMU) as part of their Great Circle Recovery Opioid Treatment Program (OTP) to address elevated rates of opioid use disorder (OUD) among American Indians and Alaska Natives in Oregon. The MMU provides methadone or buprenorphine for individuals with OUD, enrolled in the OTP, who are living either on the reservation or in surrounding rural communities. An implementation study describes the service through document review and qualitatively assesses patient and staff experiences and the perceived barriers and facilitators to mobile services. Methods Semi-structured qualitative interviews with patients (n = 11), MMU staff (n = 5), and the state opioid treatment authority (n = 1) gathered details on the initiative’s development and operations. Provider interviews probed implementation experiences. Patient interviews focused on their experiences with the MMU and staff, changes in quality of life and recommendations for enhancing treatment. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using a Thematic Analysis approach. Results Staff themes identified two driving forces (i.e. staff desire for an inclusive approach to wellness that is accessible to all community members; the catalysts for the MMU), two steps toward MMU development (i.e. Tribal approvals and support; the construction and maintenance of community relationships) and two perspectives on MMU implementation and impact (i.e. initial implementation barriers; facilitators and observations of how the MMU reduced stigma associated with agonist therapy). Patients’ themes noted the MMU’s professional and ‘caring’ environment, accessible rural locations and general suggestions including culturally responsive ancillary services. Conclusion The Great Circle MMU enhanced access to opioid agonist therapy for people with OUD (i.e. American Indians/Alaska Natives, and non-natives) living in rural communities. The Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde operates the first Tribally owned OTP MMU, grounded in cultural humility and committed to Tribal members and the great circle of the larger community.

WAYS TO ELIMINATE THE ONSET OF BANKRUPTCY AT THE ENTERPRISE OF “SILPO-FOOD” LTD

The article studies the concept of “bankruptcy” and provides the author’s own definition of this economic concept. The author analyzes the number of Ukrainian enterprises in 2014–2023, including Silpo-Food LLC, identifies the main areas of activity, the number of supermarkets in 2019–2022, the company’s response to military operations in Ukraine, and analyzes the dynamics of profit at the enterprise. According to the profit analysis, the expediency of assessing the probability of bankruptcy based on discriminant analysis was determined. A comparative analysis of the Altman, Matviychuk, Tereshchenko, and Taffler models was carried out and the probability of bankruptcy at the enterprise Silpo-Food LLC was estimated on their basis. The article also identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise, as well as the problems and threats it faces. The author suggests ways to prevent bankruptcy, including opening a cafe at a supermarket, cooperation with more Ukrainian farmers, implementation of an environmental initiative in supermarkets, and discounts for long waiting times at the checkout.

Internal iliac debranching in combination with abdominal aortic stent graft to treat bilateral common iliac aneurysms

Introduction
 Common iliac artery aneurysms are often diagnosed during routine screening for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms. Preserving the internal iliac artery helps avoid colonic ischemia and buttocks claudication. Hybrid surgery combining internal iliac artery transposition and endovascular treatment is a method with good early and long-term results.
 Methods
 We report of a case of bilateral common iliac artery aneurysm treated by hybrid surgery and endovascular intervention at Dong Nai General Hospital
 Results
 A 69 year-old male, diagnosed with bilateral common iliac artery aneurysm and left internal iliac artery occlusion. Surgical transposition was performed to repimplant the right internal iliac artery into the right external iliac artery, folowed by endovascular treatment, the right branch of the graft was placed at the external iliac artery, the left branch of the graft was placed at the common iliac artery. Postoperative condition was stable, no early complications recorded
 Conclusion
 Hybrid surgery to treat iliac aortic aneurysms and common iliac artery aneurysms has quite good mid- and long-term results. The initial successful implementation of this technique at Dong Nai General Hospital contributes to team development, reduces the load on central hospitals and brings practical benefits to patients.

Coupled aero-hydro-geotech real-time hybrid simulation of offshore wind turbine monopile structures

Real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) divides a structural system into an analytical and experimental substructure. The former is based on a well-established analytical model while the latter consists of a physical model in the laboratory, for which there is not a well-established analytical model. This paper extends real-time hybrid simulation to monopile-type Offshore Wind Turbines (OWTs) to enable the investigation of their behavior considering the response of pile foundations under operational and more severe conditions. The embedded foundation and surrounding soil of the OWT are modeled physically in a soil box in the laboratory while the remaining parts of the system and loading are modeled analytically. The program OpenFAST, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), is linked to the RTHS coordinator to determine the hydrodynamic and aerodynamic loads acting on the OWT, along with modeling the dynamics of the electric power generation equipment and associated controller for the OWT. The RTHS framework along with its initial implementation and validation are described in this paper. RTHSs of a 5 MW OWT subjected to operational and more severe conditions are performed to experimentally validate the framework. The framework offers a realistic approach to investigate the behavior of OWT structures supported on monopiles. This approach accounts for the coupled response of the OWT structure with its foundation, while experimentally capturing the nonlinearities of the soil-foundation interaction in real-time.

Lessons Learned From Adolescent COVID-19 Vaccine Administration in Medically Underserved Communities.

In May 2021, the Health Resources and Services Administration Health Center COVID-19 Vaccine Program (HCCVP) began supporting the national adolescent vaccination rollout for a safe return to in-person learning for children and adolescents from medically underserved communities. To understand the initial implementation of adolescent vaccinations, we estimated the number of vaccines administered through the HCCVP at the national and state level to adolescents aged 12-17 years, and we examined challenges and solutions in vaccine deployment. We analyzed data on vaccine administration, challenges, and solutions from the Health Center COVID-19 Survey during May 14-August 27, 2021, and we analyzed data on patients served from the 2019 Uniform Data System. National adolescent COVID-19 vaccination and population data came from CDC's COVID Data Tracker and the US Census Bureau's 2019 Current Population Survey. HCCVP health centers administered >485 000 COVID-19 vaccine doses to adolescents during the study period, with variations across states. Health centers in 13 states and territories (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, Virginia, and Puerto Rico) vaccinated more adolescents than their share of prepandemic adolescent patients. The most frequently reported challenges in vaccine administration were vaccine confidence and staffing availability. This assessment of the initial months of COVID-19 vaccine administration among adolescent health center patients suggests rapid response by health centers in several states, reaching beyond their adolescent patient population to support state-level pandemic response. Future research could examine processes to optimize strategic activation of health centers in public health emergency responses.

Planning and implementing community-based drug checking services in Scotland: a qualitative exploration using the consolidated framework for implementation research

BackgroundDrug checking services (DCS) provide harm reduction support and advice to individuals based on chemical analysis of submitted substances of concern. Whilst there are currently no DCS in Scotland, community-based services are being planned in three cities.MethodsIn this paper, we report qualitative findings based on interviews with 43 participants, focused on perceptions of DCS and their implementation. Participants were relevant professionals, those with experience of drug use, and family members of those with experience of drug use. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to inform data collection and analysis. We report findings under nine constructs/themes across the five CFIR domains.ResultsParticipants noted the importance of DCS being implemented in low-threshold, trusted services with a harm reduction ethos, and outlined a range of further service design considerations such as speed of testing, and information provided through the analysis process. In relation to the ‘inner setting’, a key finding related to the potential value of leveraging existing resources in order to expand both reach and effectiveness of drug trend communication. The approach of local and national police to DCS, and the attitudes of the public and local community, were described as important external factors which could influence the success (or otherwise) of implementation. Bringing together a range of stakeholders in dialogue and developing tailored communication strategies were seen as ways to build support for DCS. Overall, we found high levels of support and perceived need for DCS amongst all stakeholder groups.ConclusionsOur findings present initial implementation considerations for Scotland which could be further explored as DCS are operationalised. Further, our focus on implementation contexts is relevant to research on DCS more generally, given the minimal consideration of such issues in the literature.

Implementation of the WHO core components of an infection prevention and control programme in two sub-saharan African acute health-care facilities: a mixed methods study

BackgroundThe coronavirus pandemic again highlighted the need for robust health care facility infection prevention and control (IPC) programmes. WHO guidelines on the core components (CCs) of IPC programmes provides guidance for facilities, but their implementation can be difficult to achieve in resource-limited settings. We aimed to gather evidence on an initial WHO IPC implementation experience using a mixed methods approach.MethodsA five-day training on the WHO IPC CCs was conducted at two reference acute health care facilities in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Burkina Faso. This was accompanied by a three-part mixed-methods evaluation consisting of a: (1) baseline and follow-up survey of participants’ knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP), (2) qualitative assessment of plenary discussion transcripts and (3) deployment of the WHO IPC assessment framework (IPCAF) tool. Results were analysed descriptively and with a qualitative inductive thematic approach.ResultsTwenty-two and twenty-four participants were trained at each facility, respectively. Baseline and follow-up KAP results suggested increases in knowledge related to the necessity of a dedicated IPC focal person and annual evaluations of IPC training although lack of recognition on the importance of including hospital leadership in IPC training and hand hygiene monitoring recommendations remained. Most participants reported rarely attending IPC meetings or participating in IPC action planning although attitudes shifted towards stronger agreement with the feeling of IPC responsibility and importance of an IPC team. A reocurring theme in plenary discussions was related to limited resources as a barrier to IPC implementation, namely lack of reliable water access. However, participants recognised the importance of IPC improvement efforts such as practical IPC training methods or the use of data to improve quality of care. The facilities’ IPCAF scores reflected a ‘basic/intermediate’ IPC implementation level.ConclusionsThe training and mixed methods evaluation revealed initial IPC implementation experiences that could be used to inform stepwise approaches to facility IPC improvement in resource-limited settings. Implementation strategies should consider both global standards such as the WHO IPC CCs and specific local contexts. The early involvement of all relevant stakeholders and parallel efforts to advocate for sufficient resources and health system infrastructure are critical.

Current energy recycling technology for agricultural waste in Malaysia

This article examines the production and use of biomass as a renewable energy source in Malaysia, focusing on the agricultural processing industry. Malaysia produces approximately 168 million tonnes of biomass, including palm oil waste, rice husks, coconut debris, sugar cane waste, urban waste, and forestry waste. The abundance of biomass resources provides a competitive advantage over other renewable energy sources. However, the industry faces restrictions and challenges, such as high disposal costs, high electricity consumption, and related expenses. To address these issues, it is crucial to study the types of biomass available, current technology for biomass energy production (waste-to-energy), and relevant environmental motivations, initiatives, and legislation. This paper analyses the agricultural waste available for energy generation, existing technologies for converting waste into energy, and the role of environmental policies in the agricultural processing business. Energy recycling, which involves utilizing agricultural waste to generate electricity and thermal energy, is proposed as a viable solution. Several technologies are explored, including anaerobic digestion, gasification, incineration/combustion, and pyrolysis, each with advantages and disadvantages. Thermochemical processes are highlighted for their effectiveness, requiring minimal pre-treatment, shorter reaction times, and adaptability to various biomass feedstocks and climatic conditions. The implementation of incentives, initiatives, and policies by the Malaysian government serves as guidelines for the agricultural processing industry to adopt energy recycling practices. By emphasising energy sustainability and promoting green building initiatives, the industry can contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly energy landscape.

État des lieux de la recherche en France concernant la prise en charge des auteurs de violences conjugales en lien avec l’évolution des politiques publiques

The aim of this paper is to report on the current state of research into the perpetrators of intimate partner violence in France in relation to changes in public policy. In France, 22% of women aged 15–49 who are married or are in a relationship have been subjected to physical or sexual violence by their intimate partner. If we also take into account psychological violence, this figure rises to almost 60%. The fight against intimate partner violence has been gathering more and more impetus in France over the last ten years. The first Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combatting violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention) was adopted in 2011, and the first country-specific recommendations were made in 2015. Intimate partner violence became a major undertaking of the first five-year term (2017–2022) of the French President of the Republic. In September 2019, his government launched the “Grenelle” of fighting against intimate partner violence, which aimed to identify improvements in the implementation of previous initiatives and to transform professional practices. Included among the measures taken after the “Grenelle”, was the creation of Centers for perpetrators of intimate partner violence (“Centres de prise en charge des auteurs de violences conjugale”: CPCA), and their implementation in 2020–2021 marked a real turning point, at a time when the care of perpetrators had previously received little attention from public policy in France. Other measures will follow, notably those recently introduced in order to better deal with family violence in the courts. Evaluation of these policies shows that there is still considerable room for improvement, but there is currently momentum for further progress, with a clear desire displayed for public authorities to step up their efforts. The primary objective of the CPCA is to stop intimate partner violence and reoffending from happening again. However, they were set up without any standards having been established, e.g. in terms of theoretical references or intervention approaches, as is the case in other countries (United States, United Kingdom, Canada) where the adoption of standards of practice has been gradual over 20 or 30 years. The lack of systematic risk assessment procedures for intimate partner violence in France can also be noted. In the same vein, this work provides an overview of research into the perpetrators of intimate partner violence in France. It reports on national statistical and demographic surveys, and on research in sociology, law, prison administration and the medical-psychological field. Scientific research focusing on the perpetrators of intimate partner in France is rare in psychiatry and the humanities and social sciences. Finally, a research project entitled “A portrait of practices with perpetrators of intimate partner violence and their impact: a case study of 7 to 8 centers which take care of them” funded by the French Ministry for gender equality, diversity and equal opportunities (2023–2024), is presented.

Models and strategies for implementation of social responsibility in modern enterprises

As contemporary enterprises navigate the complex landscape of global business, the imperative to embrace and effectively manage social responsibility has become paramount. This research article delves into the multifaceted dimensions of social responsibility within modern enterprises, exploring the evolving role of businesses in addressing societal and environmental challenges. The study employs a comprehensive review of existing literature, case analyses, and empirical investigations to illuminate the strategies and frameworks employed by enterprises in managing their social responsibility. The first section analyses the theoretical foundations of social responsibility management, emphasizing the evolving perspectives and conceptual frameworks that guide corporate behavior. It critically evaluates the integration of ethical considerations, stakeholder engagement, and sustainable business practices within the broader context of social responsibility. The second section investigates the practical implementation of social responsibility initiatives across diverse industries. The article examines successful models and identifies common challenges faced by enterprises in aligning their operations with socially responsible practices. It analyzes the impact of such initiatives on corporate reputation, stakeholder relations, and overall business performance. This research article contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering theoretical insights, practical implications, and future considerations for businesses seeking to navigate the dynamic landscape of social responsibility.

A holistic multi-tiered decision framework for evaluating rainwater harvesting potential in arid regions: A case study of the southeastern basin of Djibouti

Rainwater harvesting (RWH) stands as a strategy to mitigate the widespread challenge of water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions worldwide. The practice of capturing and storing stormwater via different RWH technologies during wet periods can serve as a means of replenishing stressed local aquifers. However, identifying optimal locations conducive to the successful implementation of RWH initiatives accounts for a multi-tiered and intricate challenge. Furthermore, contemporary methodologies utilized to assess the potential of RWH often adhere to conventional paradigms, exhibiting a dearth of sophisticated mathematical foundations. Hence, this study proposes a hybrid approach that integrates the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) algorithms to delineate suitable RWH sites. The proposed framework was subsequently applied in the southeastern basin of Djibouti, a nation facing acute water stress. The assessment of RWH potential in this research is predicated upon twelve decision criteria, organized into three principal dimensions: physical, environmental, and socio-economic aspects. The results highlighted the vitality of environmental (47.67%) and physical (37.98%) dimensions, whereas the socio-economic (14.35%) cluster was deemed less significant according to the established decision framework. Furthermore, the resultant suitability map portrays that a substantial area of the basin, approximately 872.5 km2 (equivalent to 64.25%), exhibits moderate to very high suitability for the implementation of diverse RWH structures, including check dams, percolation tanks, and infiltration ponds. The reliability of the analysis is verified through sensitivity analysis, underscoring the robustness of the decision model. This contributes to the empowerment of decision-makers and the research community, facilitating the creation of accurate RWH potential maps, and thereby advancing effective water resource management strategies for water stressed regions.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ERLY INITIATION BREASTFEEDING ON INTRANATAL MOTHER TO DEVELOPE BOUNDING ATTACHMENT IN MOJOKERTO

Early initiation of breastfeeding (IMD) is the first time for baby to learn to breastfeed at the first hour of life outside the womb. The warmth of the mother’s breast when the baby is placed on the mother chest, will make the baby feel the vibration of love. Edmond (2006) in Ghana proved breastfeed infants be given a chance in the first hour, and left skin contact with the mother (at least for an hour), it can prevent infant mortality by 22%. Research design using analitytical methods with one shot case study approach. The population is all maternal at TPMB Ny Rindra Deviasti., SST., M.Kes in kalang kalen village, dlanggu subdistrict, Mojokerto regency as many as 12 people. Data collection instrument using checklist an questionnaire. The results showed that of the 12 people who did early breastfeeding initiation (IMD) got 11 people (91,7%) require care support after growing bonding attachment and 1 people (8,3%) require more support after growing bonding attachment. The resuts showed a correlation between the implementation of early initiation of breastfeeding on intra natal mother to develope bonding attachment at TPMB Ny Rindra Deviasti., SST., M.Kes in kalang kalen village, dlanggu subdistrict, Mojokerto regency. With the results of this study are expected to pregnant women to exercise early initiation of breastfeeding after childbirth because it is very beneficial for both mother and baby