Implementation Of Infrastructure Projects Research Articles

Contract law of Albania in the context of public-private partnerships

The significance of the research is underscored by the fact that Albania, as a country in the process of socio- economic development, faces the need to attract specialists for the implementation of infrastructure projects. The research seeks to explore challenges within the realm of public-private partnerships concerning contract law in Albania and to propose constructive avenues for enhancement. The methods employed in this endeavor encompassed systematisation, logical analysis, concretisation, and generalisation, along with the application of formal-legal and formal-logical approaches. The investigation analysed modern mechanisms of legal regulation in the system of public-private partnerships. Problems, including compliance with free market principles, ensuring competition and high quality of public services, have been identified. Specific steps are proposed to address them: strengthening internal control in contract awarding procedures, updating legislation with a focus on maintaining market freedom and competition, assessing, and sharing risks between the private and public sectors, and actively engaging stakeholders. The recommendations aim at organic implementation, considering the interests of all stakeholders. In addition, it is suggested that changes in the justice system should stably take place, considering the stability of the overall system. The study also delved into analysing the existing views and concepts of scholars on the subject matter. Examining various perspectives has facilitated a more profound comprehension of the intricacies surrounding the phenomenon and potential avenues for enhancing contract law in Albania within the framework of public-private partnerships. The outcomes of this research possess the potential to provide valuable insights for the formulation of effective legal measures governing contract law in the context of public-private partnerships in Albania

Государственно-частное партнерство в системе здравоохранения Хабаровского края

Relevance The tasks set for the healthcare system require the attraction of significant resources, primarily financial ones. Public-private partnership (hereinafter referred to as PPP) can become an effective tool for solving some of the tasks set, attract investments and become a serious inductor in the implementation of infrastructure projects, the construction of modern medical organizations. Some forms of PPP may make it possible to raise additional funds for the provision of medical care and the expansion of paid medical services. All this requires a more detailed scientific study of the forms of interaction between PPPs in the healthcare sector. Purpose and objectives of the study The purpose of the study is to increase the effectiveness of interaction between the state and business in the health care of Khabarovsk Krai by developing a set of measures using public-private partnership tools. The objectives of the study included the study of publications and the legal framework, the structure of financing in the system of compulsory health insurance, the study of the level of awareness and willingness to involve healthcare organizers of medical organizations in Khabarovsk Krai in PPP processes, as well as the study of infrastructure facilities subordinate to the Ministry of Health of Khabarovsk Krai. Materials and methods The study used data from open sources, including regulatory legal acts, publications and articles on PPP issues, studied open data from the territorial fund of compulsory medical insurance of Khabarovsk Krai, data from the unified state register of real estate. Also, a survey of health care organizers was conducted using a questionnaire specially designed for the study. Results A classification of public-private partnerships in healthcare has been developed, and the main forms of interaction have been identified. It was determined that from 2020 to 2022, funding for non-state medical organizations increased by 15 %: from 1.001.741.1 thousand rubles to 1.151.886.0 thousand rubles. There is a predominance of funding, including in 2022, of organizations of the Russian Railways system (627.552.0 thousand rubles), as well as organizations providing hemodialysis services (195.913.0 thousand rubles) and radiation diagnostics (219. 265.0 thousand rubles) PPP forms are actively used to solve social problems under the “Older Generation” program, funding for ophthalmology has been significantly increased, the dynamics compared to 2020 is +1975 %. According to the results of a survey of healthcare organizers, 2/3 of the respondents see development prospects, 44 % consider outsourcing to be the most promising, 26 % – concession agreements, 92 % indicate an insufficient level of awareness on PPP issues, 90 % expressed their willingness to take part in educational events. In total, the subordinate organizations of the Ministry of Health of Khabarovsk Krai have 1.369 premises and buildings, 419 (30.1 %) of them are used to provide the main function of medical organizations, and 950 are auxiliary. 187 (44.6 %) out of 419 have over 80 % wear and tear, need either reconstruction, major repairs, or are subject to demolition and construction of new facilities. Conclusion The results of the study allow us to fix the main parameters of the healthcare industry, determine ways for further improvement, and develop a set of measures for the development of public-private partnerships in healthcare. It is necessary to conduct an in-depth scientific study of PPP with the involvement of economists, specialists in the field of state and municipal administration, healthcare organizers, undergraduates and graduate students. A comprehensive comprehensive study will significantly increase the effectiveness of measures to develop public-private partnerships in Khabarovsk Krai.

Exploring the Significance of the Project Scope in the Successful Implementation of Infrastructure Projects – A Case Study of Level Two Health Projects

Projects addressing Healthcare stand out to be a critical pillar for sustainable development. According to the Abuja declarations in the year 2000 during the formulation of Millenium Development Goals, the parties agreed to increase their healthcare budget to a whopping 15%. By the end of the Millennium Development Goals, partly no country had reached such a target. It is therefore imperative for Countries to make sure their healthcare budget can address the prevailing needs of their citizens. To make sure the set goals are achieved, it is thus incumbent upon the government to set achievable targets. The focus of this research was to ascertain how project planning plays a nexus role in supporting the healthcare system at level two. The major variable was to assess how the project scope affects such an endeavor and how the existing government policy intervenes in such achievements a case of Kenya Health Policy established in 2014 and running till 2030. The research will be guided by an exploratory research design since it will expedite both Quantitative and Qualitative data from a sample size of 100 respondents. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 25 while Qualitative data was analyzed using the content analysis method. The study findings postulated that most projects were completed within budget while others were not. Delay of disbursement of Funds by the Government to the health facilities was picked as another cause of failure to meet the goal, politics was also noted to play a role in such endeavors. With such findings, the study thus recommended the establishment of a framework that supports better collaboration between the primary parties in the government and the health facilities. The study also acknowledges budget, cost, and planning attributes are crucial to the successful implementation of level-two health projects. This study focused on adding value to the existing body of knowledge and practice as enshrined in the Kenya Vision 2030 blueprint and Kenya Health Policy 2014-2030 blueprint.

Evolution of the concept of public-private partnership in the 1980-2020

The evolution of changes in the concept of public-private partnership is very relevant in today's world. The growth of global problems, such as financial crises, climate change, social imbalances and economic transformations, creates a need for new strategies and concepts of cooperation between different sectors of society. Public-private partnerships are a key mechanism to address these challenges, as they provide mechanisms for cooperation between public and private actors to achieve common goals. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the evolutionary changes of the concept of public-private partnership. Using bibliographic analysis and visualization of data from the Web of Science based on VOSviewer, ten research clusters were identified and analyzed, which reflect various topics and their interrelationships, contributing to the systematization of changes in the concept of public-private partnerships. Phases of the evolutionary transformation of the public-private partnership concept: Public-Private Partnership 1.0. Traditional Public-Private Partnership; Public-Private Partnership 2.0. People-first Public-Private Partnership; Public-Private Partnership 3.0. Climate-smart Public-Private Partnership; Public-Private Partnership 4.0. Sustainable public-private partnership for post-war reconstruction. It was determined that in the use of public-private partnership in industry, a change in the role of this sphere is observed. In the «Traditional Public-Private Partnership» industry has a key role in infrastructure construction, providing materials and advanced technologies for infrastructure projects; «People-first Public-Private Partnership» - ensuring quality medical care and improving the health care system; «Climate-smart public-private partnership» - reducing the impact of climate change on production through investments in environmentally friendly technologies and ensuring sustainability of food supplies; «Sustainable public-private partnership for post-war reconstruction» - post-war reconstruction, providing the necessary materials and resources for the construction and reconstruction of infrastructure. Also, during the COVID-19 pandemic, industry, particularly pharmaceuticals, is working with government and other sectors to develop new treatments and vaccines. These joint efforts help overcome crises and improve living conditions in affected areas. It was revealed that the concept of public-private partnership is insufficiently developed in Ukraine. «Traditional public-private partnership», despite 20 years of implementation, did not receive active implementation of infrastructure projects. «People-first Public-Private Partnership» is just beginning its development. It is noted that the «Sustainable public-private partnership for post-war reconstruction» is updated for post-war conditions, as it contributes to attracting international resources for economic and social recovery, but requires a systematic approach and adaptation to the specifics of the Ukrainian situation. The implementation of PPP in Ukraine requires systematic recommendations and consideration of international experience for effective use in the restoration and reconstruction of infrastructure and strategic objects.

Exploring the China-Pakistan economic corridor project performance during Covid-19 pandemic

The outburst of the coronavirus into the global arena, first as a respiratory disease and later as a worldwide pandemic and health emergency, pushed the world economic order into complete turmoil and aftermath, posing severe challenges to the financial stability of developing countries like Pakistan. The temporary suspension of economic activities worldwide has resulted in significant disruptions to international supply chains, leading to substantial delays in implementing infrastructure projects associated with the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The pandemic has further hindered CPEC progress. Building mega-projects, such as the CPEC, is crucial in determining the economic stability of a nation such as Pakistan. Nevertheless, it is essential to consider that the implementation of infrastructure projects can be subject to delays due to the COVID-19 lockdown and travel restrictions. However, it is worth noting that there needs to be more scholarly research available examining the ongoing progress and performance of CPEC projects from a particular perspective. This study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown policy and travel restrictions on CPEC project performances by highlighting the role of socioeconomic and infrastructure development factors. The study will shed light on numerous causes of concerns in project development phases and provide policy recommendations to help CPEC officials reduce project losses and better survival in the event of extreme uncertainty. The data were collected through an online survey from all over Pakistan using self-administered questionnaires with 570 responses from CPEC employees, officials, and professors from management and economic departments. The structural equation modeling (SEM) technique analyzes the problem mentioned above. As per the results of this study, it is evident that the COVID-19 lockdown policy and travel restrictions have a detrimental effect on the construction of the CPEC project. Moreover, it has been observed that the socioeconomic and infrastructure development associated with the CPEC has a notable impact on the performance of the CPEC projects. This paper aims to provide valuable insights to policymakers by examining the management of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of the CPEC.

Роль налоговых норм в международных соглашениях о сотрудничестве в сфере поставок углеводородов

Execution of international treaties on cooperation in the area of hydrocarbon supplies is of great importance for the purposes of developing state economy and receipt of tax revenues into the budgetary system. The article considers examples of such treaties, as well as tax provisions contained therein. The author notes that the inclusion of tax provisions in international treaties on cooperation in the area of hydrocarbon supplies contributes to the implementation of important infrastructure projects and the growth of tax revenues. The article also examines the establishment of excise duty on natural gas in the tax legislation.

Infrastructure Development in the UK: Key Drivers and Implementation Challenges.

Infrastructure is a critical factor in fostering strong and sustained economic growth, hence, sufficient attention should be given to the allocation of investment. Although UK infrastructure investment have risen in line with the global trend, the level of investment remains in the lower percentile when compared to other leading countries such as Singapore and China. The study examines the challenges of infrastructure development in the UK and explored the policies required to stimulate investment. Using semi-structured interviews, the views of key stakeholders involved in infrastructure operating across key sectors of transport and energy were captured to gain an insight into the key policy drivers of infrastructure investment. Findings from the research suggests that policy changes are required to stimulate significant investment if the UK is to become a world leader in infrastructure. Key criticisms of UK infrastructure policy focussed on comparatively low level of investment, inadequate collaboration between key stakeholders, and the regional bias of investment in favour of London which disproportionately affects the Northern regions. To facilitate economic growth, the identification of future investible pipeline of infrastructure projects, increasing collaboration with local stakeholders and addressing the regional biases will be critical to ensure synergy and ownership and to scale up the implementation of UK future infrastructure development plans. Considerations should also be given to the need to set up infrastructure banks similar to what is in operation in other countries such as China and Singapore to stimulate private investment and to complement public sector budget allocations. Improving infrastructure project implementation through institutional coordination will boost economic growth post Brexit, support the development of new trading agreements and enhance the country’s economic performance after the pandemic.

Factors of the business environment and their impact on the activities of enterprises in the Arctic zone

The issues of smoothing spatial differentiation are particularly relevant when it comes to the territories of the North and the Arctic, as they are an indispensable condition for curbing the processes of their degradation. Maintaining the population, improving transport accessibility, social security, increasing the competitiveness of business and entrepreneurship are among the top-priority strategic tasks, the development of solutions to which is given the closest attention today. Since the purpose of this study is to specify the ideas about the Arctic zone as an environment for doing business, the paper presents an analysis of the financial condition of enterprises in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). As the main research method was chosen the economic and statistical analysis. The profit, which is a positive financial result, is an indicator of the success of a commercial organization. The financial result is important not only for the entrepreneurs, the economic activity of business structures has an impact on the level and quality of life in a particular territory. The study showed that entrepreneurial activity in the Arctic zone is carried out more out of necessity than for the commercial success, its contribution to the economy of the republic is insignificant. The main field of activity for most commercial enterprises and organizations is agriculture, enterprises are are low-profit, but in proportion the share of unprofitable organizations in most municipal districts, it is comparable to other territories of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The implementation of major infrastructure projects on the territory of the republic in the coming years can improve the business environment and have a positive impact on the development of entrepreneurial activity in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) if the balance of interests of municipalities, on the one hand, and raw material corporations and natural monopolies, on the other, is maintained.

Инструменты контроля реализации инвестиционных инфраструктурных проектов с применением информационного моделирования

This article presents a comprehensive study of tools for monitoring the implementation of investment infrastructure projects using modern information technologies. An analysis is conducted on various methods and means of integrating project implementation data into the information modeling environment.

Еволюція ролі державних банків у економіці

The aggravation of global challenges of economic instability, climate change and local physical destruction of infrastructure as a result of war and man-made disasters leads to a review of assessments regarding the expediency of the existence of banks with state participation. The successful experience of using them to solve large socio-economic projects in a number of countries encourages this. Based on a theoretical generalization of the methodological recommendations of scientists and specialists of international institutions and a comparative analysis of current foreign experience, the article presents a scientific rationale for the feasibility of preserving the state share in the capital of leading banking institutions in Ukraine to ensure the stability of the economy during the war and post-war recovery. It was determined that the key directions of solving these tasks with the participation of state banks should be the preservation of the financial market stability, the support of solvent demand and the solvency of small enterprises, and the implementation of large infrastructure projects. At the same time, it was noted that a significant risk of an excessive share of the state in the banking market is the restriction of competition and the deterioration of the quality of services. Due to existing preferences, state banks are prone to violating the laws of market competition. At the same time, acting not according to the laws of the market, but in line with the government’s socially oriented policy, state banks limit the self-regulatory function of the market, which determines their transitional status. The general conclusion states that at certain stages of economic cycles, banks with state participation are a necessary tool that ensures the achievement of macroeconomic goals, infrastructure reconstruction, financing of priority sectors of the economy and, thereby, increasing the country’s competitiveness on the international market. In the presence of such tasks, banks with state participation take on the role of temporarily leading institutions of the development of the transitional stage.

Problems and Prospects of Chinese Infrastructure Construction and Investment Activity in Latin America

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of economic relations between China and Latin American countries at the present stage. The characteristic features of trade relations and the implementation of joint infrastructure projects were revealed. There were outlined China’s interests in cooperation with Latin America. Latin American countries are trying to maneuver between the United States and China, often choosing China as a more profitable partner. China is striving to build a new system of international economic relations in Latin America and the whole world, the important directions of which will be the creation of conditions for the stable development of Chinese economy.

Involvement of Stakeholders in Establishment of Infrastructure Projects in Schools

Headteachers’ involvement of stakeholders is crucial in enabling them to develop and implement infrastructure projects in public primary schools. This formed the basis of the proposed study to assess headteachers’ planning skills and their influence on the implementation of infrastructure projects in public primary schools in Kisii South Sub-county, Kisii County, Kenya. Using the mixed methodology and concurrent triangulation research design, the study target population of 773 consisted of 59 headteachers and 714 teachers in public primary schools in Kisii South Sub-county. Yamane’s Formula was used to determine a sample size of 264 respondents. Through stratified random sampling, the population was categorized into wards with Kisii South Sub-county. The study then used purposive sampling to select two primary headteachers from each ward. 31 teachers were selected from each of the zones using simple random sampling. Qualitative data was collected from headteachers using interviews, while quantitative data was collected from the teachers using questionnaires. Qualitative data was categorized according to various themes, analyzed thematically, and presented using verbatims. On the other hand, the quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, and means. This was accompanied by correlation analysis to examine the degree of association between the independent variables and the dependent variablehe study findings are hoped to assist the headteachers in improving their planning skills by bringing forth quality educational concerns and useful recommendations. The Ministry of Education may benefit from this study in evaluating and strengthening the processes of implementation of projects in primary schools.

Strategies for Minimising Failure of Public-Private Partnership Infrastructure Projects in North Central Nigeria

The global adoption of the public-private partnership (PPP) concept has been driven by the growing demand for public infrastructure. However, many PPP projects have faced challenges and yielded unfavourable outcomes such as failures, delays, and concession revocations. This research paper aims to investigate the key factors influencing private investments in PPP markets in developing countries like Nigeria. The study employed an empirical questionnaire survey, collecting data from PPP experts involved in six PPP construction projects in northern Nigeria. Based on previous research, a set of 19 success factors and 21 failure factors were identified and used as the basis for quantitative data obtained. The data were analysed using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) methodology. The findings of the study revealed that three critical failure factors (CFFs) played a role in the varying degrees of failure in the studied PPP projects. These factors include public sector corruption, lack of competition and transparency in procurement processes, and political interference during project implementation. On the other hand, six critical success factors (CSFs) contributed to the success of the PPP projects to different extents. These factors encompassed the availability of suitable financial markets, a favourable investment environment, appropriate risk allocation, competition in the procurement process, a comprehensive and realistic assessment of costs and benefits, and trust among stakeholders. The results of this study can serve as a valuable reference for PPP stakeholders seeking to minimize failure in the implementation of PPP infrastructure projects.

Conceptual model for managing the phases of implementation of infrastructure projects and programmes in the post-war period

The outbreak of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has caused significant human, economic, and political damage, as well as destruction to infrastructure. However, in the future, all losses incurred should be recovered. Therefore, creating models to manage infrastructure projects is still important, especially in the post-war environment of Ukraine. The purpose of this study was to build a model that would allow for the highest management efficiency in the implementation of infrastructure projects in the post-war period and to describe the possibilities of its practical application. The main methods used in the study were analysis, modelling, and abstraction. Thus, the study built a conceptual model of management of infrastructure projects and programmes in the post-war period. The study also analysed the current theoretical framework for infrastructure project management and highlighted the issue of substantiating the parameters of infrastructure programme and project products. Network models, their features and possibilities of use were described to provide a clearer picture of the project’s work and more efficient resource management. The paper emphasised that infrastructure projects are often divided into two phases: construction and operation. The study also described the importance of infrastructure projects for the efficient transport of goods and passengers and their impact on the competitiveness of the transport system. This study offers a more profound insight into the specific features of managing the implementation phases of infrastructure projects, especially in the post-war period, and brings new knowledge for management in the context of building large-scale investment programmes

Factors Affecting the Readiness of User-Pay Public–Private Partnership Procurement for Infrastructure Projects: A Comparison between Developed and Emerging Economies

The successful implementation of infrastructure projects through public–private partnerships (PPPs) significantly relies on a well-designed procurement scheme; however, there is currently no established systematic decision-making model to identify the most optimal one. This paper explores the factors affecting the selection of public–private partnership schemes in infrastructure projects, with a particular focus on the differences between developed and emerging economies. The study opted for a comprehensive literature review and open-ended interviews to validate 25 critical factors affecting the optimum selection of PPP procurement for infrastructure projects. Then, a questionnaire survey was adopted to evaluate the selected factors and empirically examine the differences and commonalities between developed and emerging economies. The results highlighted the “financial attraction of projects to investors” and “financial viability based on the net present value and risk-adjusted present value” as the two most important factors. While the importance of most selection factors was agreed upon, nine selection factors were ranked unanimously higher for developed economies than for emerging economies. The findings of this study will aid in comprehending the factors that impact the choice of PPP schemes and provide insights for policymakers and project managers in both developed and emerging economies. These factors serve as inputs in developing a decision-making framework that aids both public and private stakeholders in selecting the most appropriate PPP procurement schemes for infrastructure projects.

Financing Technologies for Construction Projects in Russia and China: Comparative Analysis

The article is devoted to the territorial development of the largest cities in Russia and China. As part of the analysis, several methods of financing analytical development prospects have been identified. The purpose of this article is to identify common approaches with the PRC and the distinctive features of financing construction projects in the Russian Federation, aimed at ensuring the implementation of both infrastructure projects and housing construction in large cities. The article discusses such financing methods as corporate financing and project financing, as well as the use of public-private partnership tools on the example of urban investment and development companies, which are a unique example of state investment holdings in the China. An example of the Shanghai agglomeration "Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou Triangle" with a population of more than 66 million is given as one of the most successful cases in terms of fulfilling the set strategic goals to demonstrate the effectiveness of the strategic territorial planning of Chinese agglomerations. At the same time, the analysis of Russian experience makes it possible to identify special technologies in housing construction with the help of project financing, which is mainly implemented not with state money, but with the money of homebuyers using escrow accounts. The article can be useful both for urban planners interested in economic prerequisites in the development of cities and economists interested in modern territorial planning and urban planning concepts.

Prospects of maglev transport in the unified integrated transport system of the Eurasian Economic Union

Background: The changes in the geopolitical situation that began in 2022 had an impact on the transport industry of the Russian Federation and the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. There was a need to reorganize supply chains and form logistics routes taking into account new realities while respecting the mutual interests of all participants in transport and economic and geographical processes. The development of Eurasian transport corridors and the implementation of infrastructure projects using innovative approaches continues.
 Aim: to consider the prospects of using maglev transport technology in the space of the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union.
 Materials and methods: the research methodology is based on the analysis of logistics methods, socio-economic analysis, as well as macroeconomic methods. The information base of the study is based on official legal and methodological information of the authorities of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Commission.
 Results: as a result of the study, the niche of maglev transport in the unified integrated transport system of the Eurasian Economic Union is determined, the expected effects of the introduction of maglev transport are described at a qualitative level.
 Conclusion: the study confirms that innovative logistics solutions are needed in modern conditions for the development of international transport corridors. The proposed neuro-linguistic approach substantiates the necessity and effectiveness of the introduction of maglev transport into a unified integrated transport system of the Eurasian Economic Union as its integral element.

Adequate Budgetary Allocation and Infrastructural Projects Implementation in Shenzhen City Projects, China

Adequate budgetary allocation plays a crucial role in facilitating the successful implementation of infrastructural projects. It ensures that sufficient funds are allocated to meet the various needs of the projects, including construction, materials, and labor costs. With adequate budgetary allocation, projects can be completed on time and within the planned scope, minimizing delays and cost overruns. It also allows for the incorporation of high-quality materials and technologies, ensuring the longevity and functionality of the infrastructure. Furthermore, adequate budgetary allocation enables governments and organizations to prioritize and invest in critical sectors such as transportation, water supply, energy, and communication, thereby fostering economic growth and improving the quality of life for communities. The study utilized the descriptive research design. The target population was 25 projects in Shenzhen City, China. The study did sampling of 20 respondents that were selected from the target population of 25 projects in Shenzhen City, China. Questionnaires were used to collect the data. The study concluded that adequate budgetary allocation has allowed Shenzhen to undertake numerous large-scale projects, including the development of a modern transportation network. The infrastructural projects have significantly improved the quality of life for Shenzhen's residents. Adequate budgetary allocation has allowed for the construction of residential areas with modern amenities, parks, and recreational facilities. The implementation of infrastructural projects has attracted investment and stimulated economic growth in Shenzhen. The study recommended that to ensure efficient implementation and management of infrastructural projects, Shenzhen should actively foster public-private partnerships (PPPs). While investing in infrastructure, Shenzhen should prioritize inclusivity and equity. This involves considering the needs of all citizens, including vulnerable groups and marginalized communities, in the planning and implementation of infrastructural projects. Keywords: Budgetary Allocation, Infrastructural Projects Implementation, China

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ МУЛЬТИПЛІКАТИВНІ ЕФЕКТИ ВІД РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ВЕЛИКИХ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРНИХ ПРОЄКТІВ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

Визначення соціально-економічних пріоритетів розвитку держави має базуватися на об’єктивних і точних висновках щодо сучасного стану соціально-економічного розвитку країни, що підтверджені актуальними розрахунками стосовно визначення соціально-економічних мультиплікативних ефектів для національної економіки від реалізації великих інфраструктурних проєктів. Запропонований методичний підхід базується на визначенні ефектів від реалізації інфраструктурного проєкту через розрахунок мультиплікатора зайнятості й мультиплікаційних ефектів від додаткового приросту Випуску шляхом комплексного аналізу міжгалузевих зв’язків, а також виявлення масштабів впливу інфраструктурного проєкту, що поширюються на інші, безпосередньо залучені в нього види економічної діяльності. Підхід дозволяє розрахувати такі мультиплікативні ефекти: 1) створення робочих місць у економіці в цілому за рахунок 1 млн грн інвестицій у проєкт; 2) створення робочих місць у національній економіці в цілому за рахунок 1 млн грн приросту згенерованого проєктом Випуску; 3) створення додаткових фінансових ресурсів у економіці за рахунок одного залученого в проєкт працівника. Апробація підходу полягає у фактичних розрахунках, здійснених на основі проєктних даних конкретного інфраструктурного проєкту у сфері довгострокового будівництва споруд підприємств електроенергетики. Результати апробації методичного підходу показують суттєві соціально-економічні мультиплікаційні ефекти для економіки України. Наприклад, за період будівництва зазначеного інфраструктурного об’єкта протягом 10 років крім прямої зайнятості безпосередньо в проєкті додатково в економіці України було тимчасово залучено 22 тис. працівників, які опосередковано були задіяні в суміжних галузях економіки, що обслуговували даний проєкт.

ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF TRADE WITH POLAND ON UKRAINE'S ECONOMIC GROWTH

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of Ukrainian-Polish trade in goods on the economic growth of Ukraine. The tasks of the study include an analysis of the dynamics and structural changes in Ukraine's trade in goods with Poland, an assessment of the impact of the main indicators of the volume of trade with Poland on Ukraine's economic growth, and a study of the relationship between the indicators of Ukraine's economic growth and changes in the volume of exports and imports of the main groups of goods in trade with Poland. In the course of the research, the method of regression analysis was used to determine the influence of the total volume of exports and imports and the product structure of bilateral trade on the economic growth of Ukraine. As a result of the regression analysis, the dependence of Ukraine's economic growth on imports of goods from Poland was revealed, and the impact of changes in the volume of Ukraine's exports of goods on Ukraine's economic growth was statistically insignificant. The study confirmed the dependence of Ukraine's economic growth on changes in the volume of iron ore exports to Poland and imports of cosmetic industry products from Poland. A statistically insignificant influence of exports and imports of other main groups of goods in trade with Poland on Ukraine's economic growth was found. In the period of post-war reconstruction, the deepening of Ukrainian-Polish cooperation in the implementation of joint infrastructure and industrial projects, which provide for the establishment of production of necessary products using materials and components imported from Poland, can become an important component of the economic growth of Ukraine.