Implementation Of Housing Policy Research Articles

Critical Success Barriers (CSB) to Rental Housing Policy Implementation in Urban India

Barriers to rental housing (RH) pose significant challenges to urban development in India. This study examines critical success barriers (CSBs) to implementing RH policies, offering novel insights into this underexplored area. Despite rising demand for RH, significant obstacles hinder effective policy execution. Through expert surveys with 36 respondents and RIDIT analysis, the research identifies and prioritizes 16 CSBs, categorized into Regulatory and Institutional, Economic and Market, and Infrastructure and Development groups. Key findings reveal that the most critical barriers are inflexible rental agreements, negative social attitudes, and the absence of government incentives. These interdependent barriers impact the feasibility, attractiveness, and sustainability of RH projects. Inflexible agreements limit participation, negative social attitudes hinder inclusive development, and lack of incentives reduces private investment. The study recommends revising rental agreements, providing substantial incentives to private investors, and promoting high-density development through modified zoning regulations. Emphasizing multi-level governance, stakeholder engagement, and regular policy evaluations is crucial for effective implementation. Addressing these barriers can enhance the RH sector's sustainability and scalability. This research contributes to the existing literature by providing a quantitative framework for identifying and prioritizing CSBs in the RH, offering valuable insights for policymakers, developers, and stakeholders in urban housing.

The Political Outcomes of Housing Movements: Participatory Governance in Mass Housing Programmes

Research conducted over the past decade examining the impact of social movements on urban politics and housing policy has significantly enhanced our understanding of how these movements resist housing financialisation through direct action, social protest, and advocacy. However, further investigation is still required to comprehend the influence of housing movements on policy design and implementation, in order to understand the paths taken and how social movements shape housing and urban policies. This paper focuses on the self-management branch of the My House, My Life – Entities (Minha Casa, Minha Vida - Entidades), a mass housing programme in Brazil. The paper has two objectives. Firstly, it identifies the strategies that nationally organised urban and housing movements employ to advocate for the inclusion of housing self-management in federal mass housing programmes. Secondly, it examines the policy implications of implementing a participatory governance model (co-management) in national housing programmes, with an emphasis on policy lessons learned. To accomplish this, policy documents, housing movement reports, and news media items were utilised to systematically trace the trajectory to success and examine the policy lessons for participatory governance. This paper makes two contributions: it enriches the literature on social movements against housing financialisation by analysing citizen participation in housing policy design and implementation and it contributes to the field of research on the consequences of social movements by examining the influence of social movements in shaping and housing policies.

Intergovernmental Relations and implementation of social housing policy in Gauteng Province, South Africa

The aim of this paper is to assess intergovernmental relations in the implementation of social housing policy in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Despite all mechanisms, efforts and resources, the pace of social housing delivery is not at a point where it is measurably satisfactory across all spheres of government. The performance of government shows a lack of institutionalised arrangements, coordination, and alignment in implementing social housing policy. A mixed-methods research approach was implemented. Interviews were conducted with senior managers and research questionnaires were administered with operational staff within the national, provincial government and the three metropolitan municipalities in Gauteng Province which included City of Tshwane, City of Johannesburg and Ekurhuleni, state agencies involved in the delivery of social housing units and municipal social housing institutions, private and non-governmental social housing entities. The data were complemented by documentary content analysis pertaining to the provision of human settlements and social housing. The paper acknowledges the role played by government in implementing social housing policy, however, it proposes a model to fast track social housing delivery in Gauteng Province.

How do local governments respond to central mandate in affordable housing policy? A qualitative comparative analysis of forty-one Chinese cities

Countries in developed and developing worlds have faced growing challenges to solve affordable housing shortages for lower-income households, prompting the adoption of various types of mandates to compel local implementation of affordable housing policy. A large volume of literature has focused on whether and how such top-down mandate indeed improves local supply of affordable housing. Insufficient understanding has been provided regarding the multi-faceted nature of local strategic responses to a top-down housing mandate. This research addresses this intellectual gap with an empirical study of local strategic behavior in response to the affordable housing mandate that was announced by the central government during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan (2011–2015). Through systematic content analysis of local news reports on affordable housing from 41 Chinese cities from various provinces, we describe the multiple-dimensional characteristics of local policy actions as cities were compelled to complied with the mandate. We further employ a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method to investigate how top-down political pressure combines with local policy interpretation, resource mobilization capacity, and local public pressure lead to more diverse policy actions in affordable housing. This research enriches the understanding of how city governments respond to top-down housing mandate, as well as offers valuable policy implications for affordable housing policy.

Country typology reflecting (sub)national conditions for housing policy implementation

The paper demonstrates the importance of subnational data on housing to be systematically reported and added to country typologies. We asked which national and local level characteristics of housing regimes can serve as benchmarks for reasonable country groupings. The aim of this paper is to (1) develop a methodological tool enabling the comparison of conditions for housing policy implementation on national and subnational levels and (2) identify the group of countries where conditions for housing policy implementation on national and subnational levels tend to be comparable. This country classification can be used as a practical instrument for comparative analyses and policy learning. As a conceptual framework, we used the international comparative Housing research 2.0 launched by Hoekstra in 2020. For our analysis, we selected 15 basic factors that were tested in 24 European countries. We have identified three key factors having an impact on housing policy implementation: decentralisation level in housing, local budget housing expenditure and the information on which governance level has core competencies within housing. The numeric database has been run through a k-means cluster analysis. Five distinct types of countries with similarities in conditions for housing policy implementation on national and subnational level have been identified and described.

Incremental housing as care infrastructure: transformations in low-income housing in Alto Hospicio, Chile

The discussion regarding the relationship between housing and care within the general field of housing studies has generated a broadening of the field in many ways. One of such is the reciprocal relationship between the numerous forms of housing transformation and care, particularly for low-income communities in the Global South. We suggest that the main drive to transform housing incrementally is care. Following the work of Power and Mee (2019), we consider housing as an infrastructure of care and therefore, the incremental transformation of housing as part of a set of practices, which produce a sociomaterial assemblage that is constitutive of care. Under these practices, not only does housing pattern care relations, but care relations also pattern housing and therefore housing transformations. This relational way of seeing housing and care is increasingly relevant in the implementation of housing transformation programmes and policies, as this would impact incremental housing design, programme, operation, funding, and implementations, particularly in the context of an increasing incorporation of multiple alternatives of housing transformation and improvement in public housing in the Global South. We show this through ethnographic work on housing transformation for care purposes in the city of Alto Hospicio, Chile.

Getting to effective housing policy for health: a thematic synthesis of policy development and implementation

ABSTRACT Impacts of housing on health are well-recognised. Despite this, housing standards have been neglected and there are gaps in healthy housing policies, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Given the recent publication of the WHO Housing and health guidelines, and the need to implement these into policy at all scales, we carried out a focused search and thematic synthesis of available literature on the barriers and enablers to recent housing and health policy. We aimed to generate lessons of what works to support healthy housing policy development and implementation elsewhere. Twenty-three studies representing four countries were eligible for inclusion and covered housing-related risks of air quality, lead, accessible design, and housing conditions. Findings demonstrated that policy development and implementation were facilitated through awareness of housing and health, evidence of existing housing conditions and health impacts, collaborations across sectors and between residents and decision-makers and effective enforcement systems that employed incentives, tools such as certificates for compliance, and housing inspections. Concerns about economic viability and tensions between housing rights and responsibilities limited healthy housing policy for the ‘common good’. Despite limitations in the diversity of available evidence, this thematic synthesis provides a starting point for healthy and equitable housing for all.

Current Situation of Working Conditions of Female Workers in Export Processing Zones and Industrial Zones

Along with active participation and participation in the struggle of political systems, levels and sectors, especially the role of localities and businesses, up to now the company has developed social housing. has achieved some remarkable results. However, with the current number of completed worker housing of about 2.7 million m<sup>2</sup>, which only accommodates more than 340 workers, the set goal has not been achieved. The reason for not achieving the desired goals is that the mechanisms and policies for developing social housing and housing for workers still have some contents that do not meet practical needs and have not been supplemented or adjusted, timely amendment and completion, such as: participants, beneficiaries, automatic construction investment process, purchase and sale management. The implementation of preferential social housing policies must be done through many steps, so the time to carry out investment procedures is long, the space for innovation and development of social housing is limited as required; The reasonable costs for social housing development have not been calculated correctly or fully. Preferential policies for investors of social housing projects and worker housing are not attractive enough and not realistic enough. On that side, the state budget is still difficult and has not been able to arrange preferential capital for loans for social housing development; There is no mechanism to mobilize reasonable resources to achieve efficiency and system. This article aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the current situation of working conditions of female workers in Ho Chi Minh City. The topic of employment conditions of female workers has been studied by many researchers, but certain limitations still exist. In this article, the author pays special attention to the current working conditions of female workers in Ho Chi Minh City. With that goal, it will open up a multi-dimensional view of the problem, thereby contributing to solving the problems that are being posed in practice for the working conditions of female workers in Ho Chi Minh City.

Sustainable low-income housing: Exploring housing and governance issues in the Gauteng City Region, South Africa

Amidst the global discourse on the provision of low-income housing, there has been a growth in studies to assess the governance issues related to the sustainability of housing delivery. Despite housing policy and legislative frameworks existing in developing countries, several governance issues have limited the sustainability of housing delivery mechanisms. Therefore, this study aims to unpack housing delivery approaches through the lens of governance. Adopting an exploratory approach, this study seeks to understand strategic and operational approaches used by government institutions to promote collaborative strategies in the planning and delivery of housing projects. Empirical data is used to understand mechanisms, processes and systems involved in the planning and delivery of low-income housing projects, using the Gauteng City Region as an area of study. The findings reveal there is that there is a limited understanding of the concept of governance within public sector institutions. Additionally, the institutional arrangements of the three spheres of government (national, provincial and local) have an impact in the delivery processes of low-income housing projects. A shift is important in the understanding and application of governance principles in housing policy and programme implementation to realise the value of governance. This study concludes with implications for policy and academics highlighting the role of stakeholder participation, transparency, and accountability.

Practice and Capabilities of Program Housing Policy Implementation in Ukraine

The need for the growth of housing construction is considered through the prism of increasing the affordability of housing for citizens, which is determined, in particular, by the development of preferential housing financing programs. Availability of housing is a primary socioeconomic task in the difficult conditions of martial law. State and local programs make it possible to purchase housing, creating additional demand for it on the part of the population of different income levels. The aim of the article is to systematize preferential programs within the state housing policy and analyze the capacity of the most significant mechanisms for their implementation, and to identify organizational forms of increasing housing affordability by applying a programmatic approach. The study was carried out on the basis of general scientific methods: generalization, analysis and systematization. To present the results of the study, statistical methods are used: groupings, comparisons, tables. The novelty of the study is in author s’ position on the issue and basic methods of application and implementation of the program approach to increase housing affordability for the population, in particular, an effective tool for attracting funds for the local investment projects – bonds of local development funds. The article systematizes the main goals, objectives, basic principles of preferential programs; the effectiveness of the most significant mechanisms for their implementation was studied, with the determination of urgent organizational forms of application of the program approach from the point of view of the availability of housing for the population. The banks’ participation in financing the construction of housing and other infrastructure facilities in the role of escrow agents that protect and defend the interests of future property owners was proposed. The importance of ensuring the availability of mortgage insurance in conditions of high war risks was indicated. In order to improve the situation with condominium lending, it would be important to strengthen the role of budget sources as a basic element of assistance, in order to encourage lower-level bud gets to increase their contribution to programs for providing housing to the population.

Affordable Housing – Challenges and Constraints for Local Governance in Canada

Housing and sustainable development is interdisciplinary research that requires cross functional knowledge-sharing to address operational and policy issues—limitations in understanding housing dynamics and policy design and implementation lead to unintended negative consequences. Policy development for affordable housing requires better conceptual understanding, determination of normative objectives and operational constraints, and the effectiveness of governance structure. This paper investigates operational and governance barriers to housing affordability in the Canadian context. The article adopted a key informant interview method to analyze qualitative feedback from technical and administrative experts from the municipalities across Canada. The study helped to understand the contextual challenges in housing affordability in Canadian municipalities. The study confirms that the weaknesses in governance structure, distribution of responsibilities, and allocation of resources limit municipalities' capacity to deal with housing affordability. Pro-growth objectives will not solve housing affordability challenges. It is important to adopt human centered and contextually relevant housing policies. To overcome operational constraints, municipalities need more significant provincial and federal financial and constitutional assistance to meet capacity challenges and to guide a unified approach to meet sustainability targets.

Housing Policy Implementation and Its Impact on Economic Development in Sri Lanka

The construction and use of decent housing affect monetary improvement through its impact on employment, financial savings, investment, and labour productiveness. These records have only these days grow to be broadly recounted. For the reason that 1945, housing specialists have articulated 3 views about the position of housing for financial development. Within the early submit-warfare a long time most writers considered housing as a social expenditure and a drag-on boom. A minority argued that housing can be a critical adjunct to unique improvement tasks, typically in remote locations. housing has increasingly ended up seen as a contributor to growth, not handiest became house building is a prime agency with big multiplier effects however additionally due to the fact housing is visible to have social consequences with various monetary effects. This ancient narrative as to how opinion has changed raises questions as to why it has been modified.

Current discourse on the housing issues in the world

In this paper, the current global housing discourse is studied, focusing on the theoretical analysis of approaches and strategies for the formation and implementation of housing policies in different countries. The main purpose of the article was to identify the key areas of the housing discourse, which cover environmental, social, economic aspects, including an integrated urban development approach. Based on the analysis, the main challenges and problems affecting housing and urbanization were identified. In particular, it has been determined that climate change, social inequality, mass migration and global pandemics are serious factors that require comprehensive solutions and innovative approaches. In order to overcome these challenges and improve the housing situation, a number of measures and strategies have been proposed. The environmental aspect highlighted the importance of developing energy-efficient housing construction, which reduces the negative impact of construction on the environment. The social aspect highlighted the need to involve communities in the urban planning process and create social housing initiatives for low-income populations. The integrated approach to planning highlighted the importance of cooperation between different sectors and governments to develop and implement comprehensive strategies for sustainable urban development. In addition, the article noted that solving housing problems requires a profound change in the mindset of governing bodies and cooperation with non-governmental organizations to develop a modern scientific approach to sustainable housing development. To summarize, the article attempts to contribute to the discussion of the problems and prospects of housing issues in the world. The conclusions and recommendations formulated on the basis of the study can serve as a basis for further research and development of effective strategies to ensure sustainable urban development and improve the quality of life of the population.

Embodied life cycle impacts of lightweight building methods for affordable houses in the USA: Comparison of conventional, circular, and regenerative strategies

The transition to more circular practices in the construction sector offers an alternative to linear processes that are highly polluting and wasteful. Recent life cycle assessment (LCA) studies emphasize the relevance of the end-of-life scenario, highlighting its potential for impact reduction through circular strategies. There is an urgent need to fill the knowledge gap in the LCA literature on reducing the environmental impacts of affordable housing. Whole-building LCAs of three affordable homes built using a variety of lightweight construction methods in the southern United States were conducted to examine the environmental impacts of commonly used construction solutions for single-family affordable housing in the southern US and assess the extent to potential environmental impact mitigation through the introduction of additional circular strategies or the use of regenerative materials. In addition to the conventional as-built scenario, five hypothetical scenarios were considered in this study to evaluate the influence of different end-of-life options, namely, reduced recycling rates, increased recycling or reuse rates, and substitution of conventional insulation or finish materials with equivalent options from regenerative sources. The study aims to identify further opportunities for and limits to impact mitigation. The results show that the design and construction priorities should be (1) promoting proper end-of-life strategies for metals and wood-based materials, (2) replacing non-renewable materials with renewable wood or earth materials, and (3) increasing the reuse rate of materials and diverting construction waste. The study findings will support decision-making processes concerning the design and construction of low-impact affordable single-family homes and the development and implementation of affordable housing policies and regulations, resulting in greater environmental justice and a more equitable and sustainable built environment.

Housing Affordability Issues in Ukraine

The article is dedicated to the analysis of population’s housing provision in Ukraine and its certain regions considering the methodological features of assessing housing affordability indicators, as well as the losses in the housing stock as a result of military invasion. The purpose of the paper is the methodological determination of housing affordability indicator, assessment of its pre-war trend in Ukraine; and determination of an acceptable for modern conditions institutional mechanism for improving housing affordability based on the principle of rent. The novelty of the research is the substantiation of use of permanent housing lease mechanism. These schemes can be implemented at the state and regional levels with the direct participation of investors and local self-government bodies within the framework of public-private partnerships. In the paper the pros and cons of the current mechanisms of housing construction and obtaining are identified; prospective directions and possible financial mechanisms for state housing policy implementation in the current condition of construction industry and population welfare are shown. Research methods are the following: correlational, analog, time series for the analysis of regional differentiation of housing affordability in Ukraine. Housing affordability has become much more complicated due to the need to restore damaged and destroyed dwellings. In view of current situation, prospective dynamics of living area commissioning indicator aimed at bringing the level of housing provision of Ukrainian citizens closer to the indicators of European countries was determined. In the absence of official housing purchase estimates at the national level, the ratio of median cost per square meter of living area to the median wage was used as the housing affordability ratio. The housing affordability ratio for the regions of Ukraine was calculated. According to the generally accepted classification of housing markets by affordability criterion, the purchase of housing in the country is significantly complicated. The correlation between the housing affordability indicator and the living area commissioning indicator was calculated, which was negative and indicated that the regional programs for providing the population with housing are critically unsatisfactory. The positive and negative features of the financial instruments for ensuring the housing affordability for the population and their compliance with the strategic goals of the housing policy development were determined. The financial and organizational mechanism of lease as a target vector for providing the population with housing was proposed.

주거정책의 지방화 전략: 공공임대주택을 중심으로

Since housing is a location-fixed property, the causes and solutions for housing problems in each region are inevitably different. Accordingly, since the 1990s, when the local autonomy system began, there has been continued discussions on the necessity of localizing housing policies. However, the central government still plays a leading role in the planning and implementation of housing policies, and the local governments play a supportive role. While focusing on the public rental housing policies, this paper aims to identify the obstacles deterring the localization of housing policies and to suggest practical implications for expanding the role of local governments in public housing policies. Through in-depth interviews with major stakeholders such as local governments and local public enterprises, this paper argues that the local government’s comprehensive housing plan should be strengthened in terms of its status and role. In the proposed new system, local governments establish public rental housing policies in consideration of individual local conditions. The central government should present budget allocation standards so that local governments can reduce the financial burden of the supply and management of public rental housing.

주택공급 절차에 관한 법제 개선방안

Housing is an essential element of human survival and the basis of nation maintenance. The Constitution makes it clear that the state should make efforts to ensure that all citizens live a pleasant residential life along with the right to live a human life, and the Government implements various housing policies by preparing housing-related laws such as the Framework Act on Residence and Housing Act. However, due to the rise in housing prices, the polarization of real estate is intensifying, which is spreading to social conflict. The deepening of social conflict due to the polarization of real estate may suggest various causes such as policies and taxes, but it is rarely stable despite various policies, suggesting that we need a different approach. The implementation of housing policies under the Constitution is based on law, it is also necessary to review the part of the housing supply legal system, not the aspect of the housing supply policy. the Framework Act on Residence, the Housing Act, the Special Act on Public Housing, the Special Act on Private Rental Housing, the Act On The Support For Improving The Quality Of Lives Of Tenants In Long-term Public Rental Housing Act, the Housing Benefits Act, as well as sub-laws such as the Housing Supply Regulations can interfere with various regulations. In addition, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Ordinance, which is easier to revise than the law, has the advantage of responding flexibly and quickly to rapidly changing society, but frequent revisions hinder legal predictability and reduce reliability of national policies. In this paper, It aims to improve consistency of the housing supply law and related policies by analyzing the special housing supply law, the relationship between the basic law and each housing supply law, and to seek improvement directions for housing supply Regulations.

Building health equity through housing policies: critical reflections and future directions for research

Housing may be at once the most powerful and underused tool at our disposal to improve population health. Using examples from the USA, we argue that current levels of housing...

Sustainable urban housing policies in the era of post-covid climate change mitigation

ABSTRACT This paper briefly reviews recent and current approaches to the formulation and implementation of urban housing policies in towns and cities in the global South, with emphasis on local government-community participation and partnerships. It looks ahead into the implications of the lasting impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic and tenets of climate change that will constitute the ‘New Normal’.

Characterization of Healthy Housing in Africa: Method, Profiles, and Determinants.

Housing is a key social determinant of health with implications for both physical and mental health. The measurement of healthy housing and studies characterizing the same in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are uncommon. This study described a methodological approach employed in the assessment and characterization of healthy housing in SSA using the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data for 15 countries and explored healthy housing determinants using a multiple survey-weighted logistic regression analysis. For all countries, we demonstrated that the healthy housing index developed using factor analysis reasonably satisfies both reliability and validity tests and can therefore be used to describe the distribution of healthy housing across different groups and in understanding the linkage with individual health outcomes. We infer from the results that unhealthy housing remains quite high in most SSA countries. Having a male head of the household was associated with decreased odds of healthy housing in Burkina Faso (OR = 0.80, CI = 0.68–0.95), Cameroon (OR = 0.65, CI = 0.57, 0.76), Malawi (OR = 0.70, CI = 0.64–0.78), and Senegal (OR = 0.62, CI = 0.51–0.74). Further, increasing household size was associated with reducing odds of healthy housing in Kenya (OR = 0.53, CI = 0.44–0.65), Namibia (OR = 0.34, CI = 0.24–0.48), Nigeria (OR = 0.57, CI = 0.46–0.71), and Uganda (OR = 0.79, CI = 0.67–0.94). Across all countries, household wealth was a strong determinant of healthy housing, with middle and rich households having higher odds of residing in healthy homes compared to poor households. Odds ratios ranged from 3.63 (CI = 2.96–4.44) for households in the middle wealth group in the DRC to 2812.2 (CI = 1634.8–4837.7) in Namibia’s wealthiest households. For other factors, the analysis also showed variation across countries. Our findings provide timely insights for the implementation of housing policies across SSA countries, drawing attention to aspects of housing that would promote occupant health and wellbeing. Beyond the contribution to the measurement of healthy housing in SSA, our paper highlights key policy and program issues that need further interrogation in the search for pathways to addressing the healthy housing deficit across most SSA countries. This has become critical amid the COVID-19 pandemic, where access to healthy housing is pivotal in its control.