Implementation Of Health Education Programs Research Articles

An assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards warfarin medication among patients with prosthetic valve in a tertiary care hospital of south India

Background: Warfarin is a drug with narrow therapeutic index. It requires varied adequate doses for achieving target INR so as to prevent episodes of thromboembolism. It is important to properly educate the patient while prescribing this drug to reduce the side effects and maintain perfect anticoagulation status. This study was done to assess the baseline Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) towards warfarin medication among patients with cardiac valve replacement in a tertiary care hospital of south India to get a baseline data which can recommend implementation of health education programs targeting these patients.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was approved by Institute Ethics Committee JIPMER, Puducherry. It included patients on treatment with warfarin maintenance therapy for a period of not less than three months following cardiac valve replacement in the months of October 2016 to October 2017. The questionnaire included 39 questions of qualitative and quantitative basis, which was scored for a total of 50 and analysed using SPSS software.Results: About 240 patients were interviewed who attended cardiothoracic vascular surgery outpatient department and taking warfarin for at least 3 months following surgery of valve replacement. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A included patients who achieved target INR and group B are those out of target INR. 15.7 percent (35) had low score, 76.2 (160) had medium score and 15 (7.1) percent had high scores in group A. In group B 22(81.5%) had medium score and 5 (18.5%) had high score. The median score was more among patients with higher education (p=0.01). There was no significant difference between scores between different age groups or profession.Conclusions: Lack of adequate knowledge exists in patients who are followed in CTVS OPD when assessed about the basic nature of their disease and drug use. It has been shown that group B had more score which may be due to more education they may have received owing to non-attainment of target INR. This study acts as a baseline and thus advocates the need of proper patient education for patients taking warfarin which may improve the treatment outcome.

Differences in Health Education Competencies Among Obesity Prevention and Nutrition Education Professionals.

The study purpose was to examine perceived health education competencies among those responsible for planning, implementing, and evaluating health education programs. A total of 172 obesity prevention and nutrition education professionals in the United States completed a survey measuring their perceived competency to plan, implement, and evaluate nutrition education/obesity prevention education programs based on the National Commission for Health Education Credentialing health education competencies and their endorsement of various health education approaches. Using a series of multiple hierarchical regression models, we found that those trained in health education had greater perceived competency in assessing needs (B = 1.19, t = 2.11, p = .03), planning health education programs (B = 1.63, t = 2.96, p = .004), implementing health education programs (B = 1.00, t = 2.22, p = .03), evaluating health education programs (B = 4.85, t = 3.54, p = .001), and managing health education programs (B = 1.70, t = 2.21, p = .03) than those trained in nutrition or dietetics. Additionally, those trained in health education were more likely to endorse the use of a skill-based approach to obesity prevention (B = 0.25, t = 2.53, p = .01) and less likely to endorse teaching facts and information (B = 0.24, t = 1.99, p = .05) than those trained in nutrition or dietetics. These results have implications for improving the effectiveness of health education and promotion programs and the professional preparation of health educators and dietitians alike.

Message from the Guest Editors

It is the great honor for us to edit proceedings of “4nd World Conference on Health Sciences (H-SCI 2017)” held on 28-30 April 2017, at the Grand Park Lara Convention Center, Lara, Antalya, Turkey. This privileged scientific event has contributed to the field of educational sciences and research for four years. As the guest editors of this issue, we are glad to see variety of articles focusing on the Health Care Sciences & Services; Health services, hospital administration, health care management, health care financing, health policy and planning, health economics, health education, history of medicine and palliative care. Nutrition & Dietetics; Nutrition & Dietetics covers resources concerning many aspects of nutrition, including general nutrition, nutrition and metabolism, nutrition science, clinical nutrition, vitamin research and nutritional biochemistry. Dietetics, the application of nutritional principles, is also included in this category. Nursing; Nursing covers resources on all aspects of nursing science and practice such as administration, economics, management, education, technological applications and all clinical care specialties. Sport Sciences; Sport Sciences covers resources on the applied physiology of human performance, physical conditioning for sports participation, optimal nutrition for sports performance, and the prevention and treatment of sports-related injuries and diseases. This category also includes resources on sport psychology and sociology. Health Policy & Services; Health Policy & Services covers resources on healthcare systems, including healthcare provision and management, financial analysis, healthcare ethics, health policy, and quality of care.; Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism covers resources that focus on all aspects of recreation and leisure studies, sport, hospitality, and travel and tourism. Rehabilitation Rehabilitation covers resources concerned with therapeutic approaches for the treatment of mental, speech, hearing, visual, and other physical disabilities. This category also includes studies in music, art, dance, and occupational therapy. Health Education; Heath education covers Assess needs for health education programs, Plan effective health education programs, Implement health education programs, Evaluate the effectiveness of health education programs, Coordinate the provision of health education services., Act as a resource person for health education programs, Communicate health education needs, concerns, and resources. Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health covers resources on social medicine, health behavior, health education, safety research, and community mental health. Resources concerned with the health of particular groups such as adolescents, elderly, or women are included in this category and etc. Furthermore, the conference is getting more international each year, which is an indicator that it is getting worldwide known and recognized. Scholars from all over the world contributed to the conference. Special thanks are to all the reviewers, the members of the international editorial board, the publisher, and those involved in technical processes. We would like to thank all who contributed to in every process to make this issue actualized. A total of 45 full papers or abstracts were submitted for this conference and each paper has been peer reviewed by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total of 21 high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication. I hope that you will enjoy reading the papers.

Assessment of Knowledge and Attitudes of Students regarding to Food Allergy at Assiut University

Background: Food Allergy is an abnormal response to a food protein triggered by the body’s immune system. Aim of the study: to assess knowledge and attitudes of students about food allergy at Assiut University. Research design: descriptive research design was used in this study. Setting: The study was conducted in 4 randomly selected faculties at Assiut University (Faculty of Social Work, Computers and Information, Arts and Veterinary Medicine). Total sample was 931 students. Two tools was used (first tool) A structured self-administered questionnaire. (second tool) likert scale to assess attitude toward food allergy. Results: Finding revealed that more than two fifth of them were 20-21 years old. About three quarter of studied students had poor score of knowledge, while only 4.9% of them had good score of knowledge. The majority of studied students had positive attitudes toward food allergy. Conclusion: The study concluded that there were lack of knowledge about food allergy. There was a statistical significant difference between sex, mother's education and their knowledge. Recommendations: The study recommended that develop plan, and implement health education programs for university students about food allergy.

EVALUASI PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT MODEL STAKE DI DESA PENGLIPUURAN KUBU BALI

Research aims to investigate the implementation of health education programs to improve community health status Penglipuran Bangli regency. This research is descriptive qualitative research in the form of program evaluation with a design evaluation model programs stake, s. Non probability sampling with purposive sampling. with a sample of 12 informants, health education receiver 5 and 70 filler questionnaires. The data collected by in-depth interviews, documentation, observation and angket. Data analyzed with logical, empirical, and consideration of the suitability of the results. The study concluded there Relevance sufficient to describe the consistency of goals, policies, and services, to meet the needs of the community health education, Still efektip level of achievement of targets, and standard operating procedures were implemented in health education programs, is quite efficient in seeing a comparison between the output with input, Impact positively influence the implementation of health education on health behaviors.

Effectiveness of a structured teaching program on anxiety and perception regarding toxoplasmosis among seropositive pregnant women in Northern Upper Egypt

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a major opportunistic infection caused by single cell protozoan from the Coccidia family. Up to 95% of infected individuals remain asymptomatic, nevertheless, it may be a leading cause of foodborne illness-related hospitalisation and death. Primo-infection can cross the placental barrier and cause life-threatening sequelae for the fetus leading to miscarriage, hydrocephalus and, retinochoroiditis. Moreover, the infection may cause infertility, endometritis, and uterine atrophy and, impaired folliculogenesis for the mother.Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program on perception and anxiety level regarding toxoplasmosis among seropositive pregnant women in Beni-Suef in Egypt.Subjects and methods: A quasi-experimental design was used with 50 seropositive pregnant women attending the inpatient/outpatient antenatal care units. Tools: A structured knowledge questionnaire, pre-test/post-test/retained test knowledge assessment sheet and Zung’s self-rating anxiety scale.Results: Pre-program 96% of women scored poor knowledge and no participants (0.00%) reported severe anxiety; whereas, immediately post-program 70% of women scored good knowledge and 84% reported severe anxiety. After implementation of the program, all women (100%) gained a good knowledge score while 48% of them reported severe anxiety. Significant association between mean knowledge scores and demographic variables (p < .0001) was found.Conclusions: Although the program is effective to enhance women’s perception regarding Toxoplasmosis, it exaggerated the anxiety level for pregnant women. A negative association was found between women’s perception and anxiety level, however, this relation was not significant.Recommendations: Implementation of health education programs aimed at primary prevention of toxoplasmosis is recommended for all women of childbearing age.

The Social Stigma Experience in Patients With Hepatitis B Infection: A Qualitative Study.

The social stigma in patients with hepatitis B virus infection has caused several complications for both the patients and the associated medical system. This study aimed at demonstrating the social stigma experienced by these patients in Iran. This is a qualitative study using a content analysis approach with references to primary and secondary sources. The data were collected through 15 unstructured and in-depth interviews conducted in 2014. By analyzing the data, two main themes were noted: extrinsic concepts of social stigma (causing reprehension, embarrassment, and discrimination) and intrinsic concepts of social stigma (sense of rejection, isolation, and frustration). The analysis of participants' experiences showed that social stigma is a simple lack of knowledge among the patients and society and it is more intense in the first days after the diagnosis. Stigma is prevalent among patients with hepatitis B virus, causes them to hide the disease, and provokes various complications for them as well as society. This study emphasizes the necessity of implementing health education programs about hepatitis B and its associated stigma, especially considering the potential impact of a mass media campaign.

Comparative analysis of demands for knowledge of mental health between schizophrenics and their primary caregivers during rehabilitation period

Objective To explore the demands of schizophrenics and their primary caregivers for knowledge of mental health during rehabilitation period, so as to provide some references for improving their mental health knowledge. Methods Using the convenience sampling method, 49 schizophrenics and 59 primary caregivers completed the general information questionnaire and needs for knowledge of mental health questionnaire. Results The total score of demands for knowledge of mental health of schizophrenics was (55.83±19.29) , while the total score of caregivers was (64.88±19.83) (t=-2.376, P=0.019) . Conclusions Demands for mental health knowledge of schizophrenics and their primary caregivers are different. Implementation of health education programs should be targeted and individualized. Key words: Schizophrenia; Patients; Primary caregivers; Knowledge of mental health; Demand; Comparative analysis

An Overview of the Malaria Epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa

Malaria is a parasitic disease that is transmitted by mosquitos during their blood meal. The risk of contracting malaria is highest for people in tropical countries, due to the ever-present humid weather that allows yearly infections. Consequently, sub-Saharan Africa has a disproportionately higher rate of death among women and children with malaria. One of the major barriers identified in the efficacy of malaria treatment and prevention is the lack of health education and literacy. The lack of health education has decreased the efficacy of antimalarial drugs, such as Artemether Lumefantrine, due to the distribution and administration of the drug by untrained persons. The lack of incidence and prevalence data makes it difficult to ensure adequate supply of the drug in endemic countries. Furthermore, the lack of knowledge of malaria pathogenesis and transmission has prevented many from promptly seeking treatment and practicing preventative care methods. Recently, the implementation of health education programs by international organizations has allowed local and travelling healthcare practitioners to be educated on the disease and methods of antimalarial drug administration.

Relationship between healthy lifestyle behaviors and health locus of control and health-specific self-efficacy in university students.

To investigate the relationship between the healthy lifestyle behaviors and the health locus of control and health-specific self-efficacy in university students. The study included 572 undergraduate students of a university in the central Anatolia region of Turkey. The data were collected with the General Characteristics Form, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, and the Perceived Health Competence Scale and investigated with the structural equation model. Health-specific self-efficacy was an important predictor of healthy lifestyle behaviors. The Internal health locus of control influenced the healthy lifestyle behaviors through health-specific self-efficacy. The other dimension was the Powerful Others health locus of control that affected healthy lifestyle behaviors, both directly and indirectly, through health-specific self-efficacy. There was a chance that the health locus of control had a negative effect on healthy lifestyle behaviors through self-efficacy. Health-specific self-efficacy is an important prerequisite for changes in healthy lifestyle behaviors, which supports Pender's model. The subscales of the health locus of control vary in their effects on healthy lifestyle behaviors, which partly supports Pender's model. Nurses, by using this model, can examine ways of improving these cognitive-perceptual factors and implement health education programs that are directed towards improving them in young persons.

Disclosure of Spousal Violence: Viewpoints From the Jordanian Society.

The objectives of this study were to identify reasons behind not disclosing spousal violence and examine relationships between these reasons and women's demographic profile including the experience of spousal violence. Jordanian women ( N = 709) aged 16 to 66 years ( M = 32.6, SD = 8.7) attending health care centers were recruited. Results indicated that women's intentions to maintain the family unit and use of patience with abuser represented the top two reasons for not disclosing violence. Non-significant relationships were, generally, identified between not disclosing spousal violence and women's demographic profile. Women's justification of spousal violence and witnessing parental violence were the proposed reasons for women's lack of disclosure of violence. Implications for this study include health professionals' use of evidence-based knowledge and skills to deal with victims of violence. Researchers' roles include creating physical and emotional environment that urges disclosure of violence. Furthermore, they can contribute with health professionals in the implementation of health education programs directing victims and perpetrators in the places where they can be located. Proper collaboration between health professionals, researchers, and policy makers may significantly limit suffering of victims of violence.

Impact of Training Education Program on Improving of Nurses Performance Regarding Infection Control in Endoscopy Unit

Background and study aim:Endoscopes are complex and reusable devices. Understanding infection control in the context of endoscopy is important in reducing the transmission of infection. This study aims to evaluate the effect of an educational program on improving nurse's knowledge and practice regarding infection control in endoscopy unit at Zagzig University Hospital. Subjects and methods: A quasi experimental research design was used. The study was conducted in the Endoscopy Unit at Zagazig University Hospitals. The study samples were all available endoscopy nursing staff . First tool was Questionnaire sheet, to assess nurses' knowledge. The second tool was observational checklist to assess nurses' practice. Results:this study revealed that two third of nurses were in the age group of more than 40 years with mean age 42.2 ± 8.4 years and the majority of the sample had more than 10 years experience. There was improvement in total level of nurses'knowledge and practice regarding infection control with highly statistically significant difference between pre- post and pre-follow up program phase as regarding to infection control. Conclusion:The implementation of health educational program had improved nurse's knowledge and practice regarding endoscopy infection. Recommendations: Continuous educational and infection control training programs are recommended in endoscopy units. So incorporation of such interventions apply in all endoscope unite all over Egypt.

A Case Study of Evaluating the Effectiveness of Oral Health Education Program Implementation

Psychiatric patients have high risks of caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, and stomatitis due to mental illness and medications for treatment. Through clinical observations and surveys to document patients’ current oral health status and behaviors, the findings indicated that patients were required to receive oral health knowledge and education. In order to improve patients’ oral health, the case hospital used two stages to implement an oral health education program for brushing promotion campaign. A survey was conducted to evaluate the changes before and after receiving the oral health knowledge and behaviors for patients. The results show that the activity was successful and would be held continuously to monitor patients’ oral health.

What Makes People Sick?: The Drawing Method and Children's Conceptualisation of Health and Illness

IN THIS PAPER, WE DISCUSS the use of the drawing method to examine the perceptions of health and illness among refugee children, their health knowledge and ways they regain their health when ill. In-depth interviewing and drawing methods were employed. Twelve Burmese refugee children, aged between eight and 12 years, took part in the drawing method as well as being interviewed individually. We found that the drawing method is an appropriate method for use in research with refugee children. This method helps to foster the possibility of implementing health education programs targeted at young refugees that aim to ‘fill the gaps’ of their health knowledge. We recommend that it is worthwhile for teachers and researchers in early childhood to use the drawing method for health education/promotion programs and future research with children and other vulnerable participants.

Correlation between Certain Complications and Health Education Program among Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Miletus Patients

Background: A total of 150 diabetic patients were selected retrospectively from Khartoum State Diabetic Care Centers, this group divided to two equal groups, had been analyzed using the certain complications of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients after implementation of health education program. Group (cases) the program was implemented and the other group was considered as a control (75 patients for each group). Objective: The aim of the study to evaluate the correlation between the Health education program and complications among non-insulin dependent diabetes Miletus patients. Results: Reveals that the controls & intervention group had the same basic knowledge about DM complications at pre-test. Knowledge relevant to complications of DM was improved as a result of educational program in the intervention group in the immediately post-test. The level of knowledge were shown some decline in follow up test after 15 months the level of knowledge were significantly higher than the pre-test program another had, significant differences between intervention & control group was found. Shows foot care practiced among the studied patients before and after the program and after 15months of the program. Practicing good foot care was not done by a high percentage of our studied patients before program intervention. The most common practiced was washing the feet daily (46.7%). The least practiced foot care was asking the doctors for food exam (6.7 %), then management of minor foot complications (8.00%). Immediately after the program, there significant improvement was observed in the practices of foot care, as started to avoid activities that injure the feet, washed their feet daily, and chooses footwear (78.7%, 88%, and 65.3% respectively). Statistically significant was found between both groups (intervention and control) regarding foot care practiced compound to pre-program. Conclusion: In this study population, the Health education program of non-insulin dependent diabetes Miletus patients its relation diabetic complication determined.

Community Partnership Interprofessional Program as Pedagogy: Process Outcomes and Faculty Impressions

Background: Since 1992, East Tennessee State University (ETSU) has augmented traditional health professions curricula with community-based, experiential learning through the Community Partnership Interprofessional Rural Health Program. The program was expanded in 2005 by including more interprofessional faculty, students, and community partners. Interprofessional teams of students and faculty work with community organizations to identify health needs and assets and implement health education programs or services.Methods and Findings: Course process outcomes were compiled from a survey of section reports and presentations. Faculty impressions of being involved in the course were gathered through conducting interviews with five interprofessional faculty. From 2005–2011, community partners included individuals, groups, and organizations within seven counties in Tennessee. Forty programs and services have been implemented through the program during the past seven years. Faculty reported the main reasons for being involved are their interests in interprofessional education and working in communities. Faculty also cited 12 different types of teaching strategies (pedagogical approaches) employed through the course.Conclusions: The Community Partnership Interprofessional Rural Health Program at ETSU is a testing ground for the unique combination of communitybased learning and interprofessional health education. Study findings demonstrate how the course has benefited faculty, students, and communities.

全国市町村における IT を活用した健康教育の実施状況と保健師の意識

全国市町村における IT を活用した健康教育の実施状況と保健師の意識

Long Live Love. The implementation of a school-based sex-education program in The Netherlands.

Implementation of health education programs is often inadequately considered or not considered at all in planning, developing and evaluating interventions. With the focus being predominantly on the adoption stage, little is known about the factors influencing the implementation and continuation stages of the diffusion process. This study contributes to the understanding of factors that promote or impede each stage of the diffusion process in the school setting using the sex education program Long Live Love (LLL) as an example. A survey integrating different diffusion-related concepts was completed by 130 teachers. Results showed that teacher curriculum-related beliefs were associated with all stages in the diffusion process. Although adoption of LLL was predominantly related to teacher curriculum-related beliefs, implementation completeness and fidelity and continued use of LLL were also enhanced by contextual factors, namely teacher training and interactive context variables (school policy, governing body support and student response), respectively. The results of this study can be used to optimize the adoption, implementation and continuation of school-based (sexual) health promotion programs.

The nexus of knowledge and behavior for school-aged children: implementation of Health Education Programs and a Nutritional Symbol System

Health-related knowledge has been assumed to inform lifestyle choices for school-aged students. A ‘health-promoting school’ provides the conceptual framework for this intervention. A large boarding school developed, implemented and refined a Nutritional Symbol System for their dining hall. The effectiveness of this social marketing strategy and school-based Health Education Program was evaluated by interviewing students (n = 16) for nutritional knowledge and application of the Nutritional Symbol System (NSS) to food choices in a range of contexts within (for example, in the dining hall and canteen) and beyond the school. In-depth interview data were collected, recorded and analyzed manually and via the Leximancer text mining software. Results indicated that there was a lack of consistent and accurate student knowledge derived from the Health Education Programs. Recommendations include a greater alignment between the Nutritional Symbol System, the plate and all Health Education Program materials to enhance students' health literacy around informed nutrition-related decisions.

An Educational Resource on Water and Health as a Teaching Aid in French Primary Schools—Part II: Design and Validation

An educational resource on water and health, using an approach focused on health education and environmental health education, was developed to help teachers in the classroom. The implementation of health education programs in French primary schools is explained. Three specific objectives were identified, targeting 3rd, 4th, and 5th year pupils: water as a body constituent, water as a nutrient element, and water as a factor in hygiene, and their individual contribution to good health. The project was led by academics in close collaboration with education and health professionals (school nurses, public health engineers), and people working in health promotion organizations and environmental associations. The method used for the design and validation of the resource was adapted to the educational objective. The “Water and Health” educational resource is structured in 25 modules and includes 89 work files. It was validated in the classroom and includes an assessment of the teaching material and the pupils’ results. The resource has been published in French by the Regional Teachers’ Resource Centre (CRDP Auvergne, France) and is distributed by the National Teachers’ Resource Network (Sceren).