Building Information Modeling Implementation Research Articles

Cost-benefit analysis of BIM-enabled design clash detection and resolution

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is increasingly deployed as part of the processes in Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry projects. While the benefits of BIM have been extensively proclaimed, explicit justification in terms of direct cost savings for BIM implementation on real-life projects, particularly for clash detection BIM workstream, are not well documented. This paper proposes and demonstrates a methodology to prove how BIM-based clash detection leads to cost savings. A schema is developed based on literature review and industrial expertise to quantify cost savings achieved by the utilisation of BIM-based clash detection and resolution. This paper provides validation of the proposed schema on a major infrastructure project. The developed schema includes the categorisation of identified clashes based on stakeholder involvement and required actions. The validation used the estimated cost of clashes were those not resolved before site operations took place. This schema simplifies both the categorisation and cost estimation of clashes in design. Estimated savings yielded 20% of contract value using the schema, for the multi-million-dollar project case study, thus extending evidence of BIM savings and benefits. The schema improves the existing process and valorises clash detection, thus allowing stakeholders to conduct a cost-benefit analysis. In addition, the categorisation methodology allows prioritising on the most costly clashes, and draw lessons learnt for further projects. This schema opens the path towards a systematic methodology to appraise the benefits of different BIM uses or processes.

Feasibility study and implementation of BIM in small scale projects

Quality, cost and time are the 3 most crucial factors in any construction project. In fact, the success of a construction project is determined by how well these three elements are managed throughout the project. Even though, there are many traditional methods and software’s to provide assistance in this process but more often than not, they are proven to be expensive and error prone. In the last few years, the construction industry has witnessed a spur in the use of more advanced software’s and tools, thanks to the rapid technological advancements, and one of them is the emergence of Building Information Model (BIM). At present BIM is mainly used in managing large scale projects and has become the most important factor for the success of many such projects all over the world. While this paper tries to explore the feasibility and the practical problems arising in the process of adapting BIM even for small scale projects, it also proposes few methods on how to overcome these issues. It also highlights that following these methods will help to reduce the overall project cost by 20-30% and project completion time by a significant 80%.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) adoption and implementation enablers in AEC firms: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT Building Information Modelling (BIM) has gained much attention in recent years, as both a new innovation and methodology. Many architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) firms have reported significant competitive advantages following its implementation. Despite the variety of benefits that BIM offers, its potential has not yet been fully realised. A key reason for this can be located in the difficulties of implementation at the organisational level; a process that demands significant changes in organisational business structure. However, there exists little extensive study on the analysis and synthesis of the literature surrounding organisational BIM implementation. This paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) on studies from 2004 to July 2019 to allow for a thorough synthesis of the existing BIM literature, innovation management, and information technology domains to identify BIM adoption and implementation enablers. Of the 80 selected studies, 27 enablers were identified to contribute to a more comprehensive utilisation of BIM at the organisational level. These included strategic initiatives, cultural readiness, learning capacity, knowledge capability and IT leveragability, network relationships, process and performance management, and change management practices. The role each implementation enabler has in IT-equipped innovations generally and to BIM implementation specifically is discussed throughout. The results of this paper seek to aid AEC firms in gauging the organisational readiness of the implementation process as well as the required interventions and capability development for successful BIM implementation overall.

Exploring the influence of socio-historical constructs on BIM implementation: an activity theory perspective

Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been widely seen as bringing a paradigm change to the construction industry. However, scholars have acknowledged that neither widespread BIM implementation nor the envisaged systemic changes within the sector have taken place. Despite acknowledging that the industry’s conditions and embedded contexts shape innovation diffusion, existing studies have not explored in any depth “how” the context might influence the episode of change when a new technology is introduced and the new practices accompanying that technology and old practices co-evolve. By adopting activity theory, its concepts of contradictions and multiple layers within the activity system, in this paper, we explore the interaction between situated and existing practices, or the “how” of implementation; that is, how the activity system is questioned and redefined during an episode of technological change. Drawing on data from multiple case studies, our findings demonstrate that situated practices related to the definition of information requirements, and the production and the handover of information were re-enacted following institutionalised socio-historical constructs (e.g. norms, rules, division of labour) at the industry and organisational levels. The findings provide insights regarding the inertia in the transformation of the sector as also deriving from re-enactments of socio-historical constructs that mediate the institutionalisation of situated practices. Our findings reveal re-enactment as part of the transformation process and contribute to calls for more realistic views on BIM implementation.

PREDICTING BEHAVIOURAL RESISTANCE TO BIM IMPLEMENTATION IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL AND EQUITY THEORY

Despite its great potential to streamline design and construction processes, the implementation of building information modelling (BIM) in many projects has failed to achieve expected benefits due to user resistance. Grounded in the technology acceptance model and equity theory, this study proposes a model of factors predicting resistance behaviours to BIM implementation during the post-adoption stage in construction projects. The model is tested with partial least squares modelling on survey data collected from design engineers in BIM-based construction projects in China. The empirical results provide evidence that after controlling for related individual, organizational and project characteristics, efficiency and equity perceptions play prominent but independent roles in determining behavioural resistance to BIM implementation, and that these perceptions are differently associated with contextual factors at individual, team and project levels. Apart from the independent contextual factors conceptualized in the model, control factors such as individual age and organization nature are also found to be significantly associated with resistance behaviours. As an exploratory effort to examine resistance behaviours to BIM implementation in construction projects, this study contributes to deepened understandings of the complexity of innovation resistance behaviours in the context of construction projects and offer suggestions for how to manage such behaviours.

BIM-Based Design for Road Infrastructure: A Critical Focus on Modeling Guardrails and Retaining Walls

Although building information modeling (BIM) has been widely adopted in the building industry for several decades, the use of BIM in the context of transportation infrastructure has been slow in terms of both adoption and application. Industry and academia are increasingly making efforts to adopt BIM for other non-building civil infrastructure but, so far, there has not been a comprehensive review of these efforts specifically regarding transportation. This paper explores BIM implementation in an infrastructure design project. An Autodesk ® BIM-based tool, Civil 3D, is proposed as a potential BIM tool platform. This paper also focuses on modeling specific road elements not editable from the standard library, such as guardrails and retaining walls, as well as proposing different solutions using Revit and Subassembly Composer and analyzing the interoperability among BIM-based tools.

Critical risk factors for implementing building information modelling (BIM): a Delphi-based survey

Building information modelling (BIM) is one of the new technologies that, despite its perceived benefits and positive impacts towards the project objectives, has a very low level of adoption. The main problem with this issue may be attributed to several potential risk factors that disrupt the implementation of this technology. Previous research studies have identified various significant risk factors for implementing BIM technology, however, the relationships between these risk factors have not been evaluated and analyzed. This paper aims to identify and evaluate the critical risk factors (CRFs) for BIM adoption via several rounds of Delphi surveys. A total of 52 potential risk factors were identified and classified by an extensive desktop literature review. The analysis of Delphi questionnaires, which were distributed and responded by a panel of BIM experts in three rounds, identified 36 major factors as CRFs of BIM. Then the relationships between these 36 CRFs were determined and assessed by using the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method (DEMATEL). The results showed that the CRFs such as: lack of knowledge of BIM and need for software training, resistance to change, and lack of skilled BIM architects/engineers have the most profound impact and interaction with other risk factors. The identification and prioritization of the CRFs can enable BIM users to conduct a systematic risk management and analysis and develop appropriate effective strategies for mitigating the potential risks associated with BIM implementation in a proactive manner.

A neural network approach to predicting the net costs associated with BIM adoption

A neural network approach is proposed to estimate the costs and benefits associated with implementing Building Information Modelling (BIM) at firms. This includes specifying the BIM applications and the resources required for reaching a specific level of detail within the generated models, referred to as level of development (LOD). Such predictions are imperative to decision makers and can aid in the examination of the best strategies to execute when deciding on the adoption and implementation of BIM. The proposed neural network is customised to suit a firm's investment plan when it comes to BIM implementation. Multi-label and multi-class classifications are adopted to derive the cost and benefit functions for BIM application and LOD implementation, respectively. Threshold functions to distinguish the positive and negative labels in multi-label classification are adopted. The proposed neural network is developed based on data collected from Australian and Chinese construction firms using a 7-point Likert type questionnaire. The proposed neural network provides decision-makers with a tool to assess which BIM/Non-BIM applications to implement, along with the LOD that is most suited to the organisation's financial and technical ability.

Building Information Model (BIM) Implementation in Perspective of Kazakhstan: Opportunities and Barriers

The construction industry is characterized by low productivity with low technological advances, minimum automation and computerization. Building Information Modeling (BIM) as a means of technological innovation, has the great potentials to improve productivity, decrease project cost and shorten project delivery time. The initiative to implement BIM in Kazakhstan construction industry has sparked widespread interest recently. This study aims to identify the opportunities and barriers to implementing BIM in construction companies in Kazakhstan. A comprehensive literature search, interviews with leading construction companies and a survey among other construction companies in Kazakhstan were conducted to understand the barriers and opportunities of BIM adoption in Kazakhstan. The study reveals that the BIM adoption level in Kazakhstan is very low and there exists a number of challenges and lack of clear guidelines to implementing BIM. The study maps BIM implementation barriers in other countries with Kazakhstan by careful investigation of literature search, interviews and the survey results. The research also proposes a BIM implementation roadmap to be followed by the construction companies in Kazakhstan and other similar countries.

The level of Building Information Modelling (BIM) Implementation in Malaysia

Building Information Modelling is one of the crucial topics in the construction industry. The construction industry has played an important role to assist stakeholders to successfully transfer construction practices to BIM-based technology. Currently, no systematic research that has been carried out to determine the level of BIM implementation in Malaysia. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the diffusion of BIM among Malaysian companies. The results of the 268 responses received revealed that only 13% of the participants from both public and private sectors are using BIM in their organization and this is a negative sign that Malaysia is still far away from the position it supposed to be in BIM implementation. Lack of awareness, costs, slow adaptation, unavailability of a clear guideline to assist organizations and policymakers toward BIM implementation transforming and that BIM was not mandated in sufficient time were observed to be responsible for the slow implementation.

Benefits and challenges of BIM implementation for facility management in operation and maintenance face of buildings in Vietnam

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is regarded as a technological breakthrough that facilitates the modernization of construction industry, increasing the productivity and value across stakeholder groups. However, despite of BIM’s potential benefits towards the industry players, it seems that BIM is still not broadly implemented yet in the Vietnam construction industry, especially for facility management (FM) during the Operation and Maintenance (O&M) phase of buildings. This paper, therefore, investigate the status quo of BIM implementation for FM in O&M phase of buildings in Vietnam, exploring the benefits and also the challenges that construction practitioners in Vietnam need to overcome to fully exploit BIM potentials in O&M phase. The research results, on the basis of interviews with experts in Vietnam construction industry, show that BIM for O&M phase is still in its infancy in Vietnam and the most indicated challenges are: the cultural approach to adopt BIM in the FM industry; lacking or inadequate, misunderstanding information handover requirements.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) as Claims Control Tool for Buildings Projects in Jordan

Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been viewed as capable of addressing the problems of the construction industry. Hitherto, some firms have acknowledged BIM as a novel way to work and gone on to record success, others (which have not so done) have elevated such questions as: ‘How is BIM defined? Is it a tool or a process? Which breeds and sizes of organizations stand to value from BIM?’ These questions formulate the basis of this research. Most of the buildings projects suffered from cumulative total cost and duration in Joran, therefore, there is a dire need for implementing BIM to control the claims in buildings projects in Jordan. This research study was pragmatic to assess the impact of implementation of BIM in building projects and to clarify its effect on controlling the claims that can be avoided by using BIM. The proposed BIM adoption plan is developed to analyze in depth by strategic analysis tools. PESTEL analysis is apprehensive about six issues; political, economic, socio- cultural, environmental, technological, and legal. Complete SWOT analysis is used as planning tool to understand strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, these strategic analysis tools aids to propose BIM adoption plan for building project describes by ADKAR change management model ; awareness ,desire ,knowledge ,ability and reinforcement. The outcomes of the research demonstrated that successful projects performed in the organizations that have used BIM is established on its adoption as a tool of technology, rather than as a process; a tool that transform the way, work in the construction industry is archetypally done. Additionally, the accomplishments recorded in the firms researched give credibility to project success consequent upon adopting BIM. Nonetheless, the conclusions of this research illustrate that the foundation of this success is leadership-driven innovation.

Redefining the territory and competency of architectural practitioners within a BIM-based environment: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Within the digital era of building information modelling (BIM), the sustainability of architectural business practices and architect’s professional values is highly anticipated by the competencies of individual architectural practitioners in performing their day-to-day job activities. However, their lack of competencies remains a significant barrier towards successful implementation of BIM within an organisation and individual architectural project. Previous review studies of BIM competencies have yet to focus on any architectural discipline, and therefore, this study attempts to redefine the expected BIM competence acts expected from the architects serving an architectural institutional environment. Towards this end, the PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) was employed to assess the empirical evidence found in the literature. The findings have confirmed that within a BIM-based environment, being competent is no longer viewed as being ‘technology savvy’ but rather having an ability to demonstrate change management, strategic planning, finance and budgeting, and project delivery sets of competencies in day-to-day job activities. This discovery extends the base knowledge of BIM competencies sets particularly for architectural practitioners and offers valuable and practical insights for architectural institutions to structure a framework of professional pathways for future architectural practitioners.

Building Information Modeling Implementation Framework for Smart Airport Life Cycle Management

Connectivity is key in this new era of smart infrastructure. Smart airports utilize new connected technologies to improve end-user experience while ensuring operational feasibility in aeronautical and non-aeronautical segments. The increasing need for digitizing the design-build-operate life cycles of airports can be met by implementing building information modeling (BIM) that enables accessing, managing, utilizing, and connecting physical and operational data in a digital collaborative environment. This study investigates the current state of practice in airport BIM (ABIM) and the use of ABIM processes in digital airport operations and maintenance by connecting existing data sources and integrating smart airport systems. The study proposes a comprehensive and adaptive ABIM management framework that depicts the alignment and connectivity of ABIM processes, resources and stakeholders with airport operational requirements by identifying gaps in the industry and literature, and developing a global understanding in ABIM visions. Research data are collected through literature and industry review, online surveys, and semi-structured interviews with aviation professionals. Mixed methods including non-parametric statistical analysis and qualitative analysis are used to determine the elements of the framework. Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) principles and language are used to generate the framework. For framework validation, a proof of concept (POC) is conducted by development and deployment of a web-based application. The developed ABIM framework is expected to guide major airport stakeholders in their BIM implementation processes to enhance airport operational efficiencies and in strategizing digital initiatives on a connected-BIM platform.

Airport project delivery within BIM-centric construction technology ecosystems

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to systematically analyse how building information modelling (BIM) transforms complex infrastructure settings (i.e. airports) around digital technologies by enhancing connectivity and collaboration between major stakeholders and construction technology solutions. The objectives include understanding each project party's perspective for BIM implementation to align their motivations and connectivity along project's supply chain network and how BIM drives construction technology ecosystem uses for a more integrative and collaborative project delivery.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts qualitative data collection and analysis methods comprising semi-structured interviews, thematic analysis and an explanatory case study of a large-hub airport project.FindingsThe study findings show that enabling BIM implementation leads to streamlining construction technology ecosystem uses that increase connectivity within project parties' processes. Airports – as hosting high-value assets – can fast realize value of synergistic activities throughout project delivery by harnessing significant amount of siloed data created by each major party.Originality/valueThe study provides a structured analysis of how complex project settings leverage construction technology uses through their core BIM processes by highlighting multi-party approaches from an ecosystem perspective. This study also contributes to the body of knowledge and practice by presenting a transferrable and scalable approach for leveraging connected construction technology in a large-scale project involving fragmented processes managed by a large number of stakeholders.

Investigating the barriers to building information modeling (BIM) implementation within the Nigerian construction industry

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and assess the perceptions of constructional professionals on barriers to implementation of building information modeling (BIM) within the Nigerian construction industry.Design/methodology/approachA scoping literature review was conducted to identify the fourteen barriers to implementation of BIM, which were employed to design a questionnaire survey. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, mean score, Kruskal–Wallis test, analysis of variance and multivariate techniques such as factor analysis.FindingsThe descriptive and empirical analysis demonstrated a disparity of ranking of the 14 barriers factors among the groups; however no statistically significant differences among the 14 barriers to BIM. Based on the mean score ranking results, only three (out of 14) barriers are identified as critical (mean score greater than 3.5): few studies available on BIM and lack of knowledge, inexistence or inadequate government policies, and high cost of implementation. The results of the one-sample t-tests show that they were statistically significant differences in 10 out of 14 barriers as follows: few studies available on BIM and lack of knowledge, lack of demand for use and acceptance of BIM, inadequate contractual coordination, lack of specified standards, cost of data and information sharing, technological availability issues, reluctance of other stakeholders, business and cultural changes, data and intellectual property issues, and interoperability issues. The study, through factor analysis, categorized the fourteen barriers to BIM implementation into four principal factors. The factors are: technology and business-related barriers; training and people-related barriers; cost and standards-related barriers; and process and economic-related barriers.Practical implicationsThe identification and assessment of the key barriers to BIM implementation would be useful for the construction professionals and other stakeholder of the construction industry with the view to advance BIM adoption in Nigeria. This could also be extended to other developing countries through considerations of the local economic conditions, given the status of BIM as being in the germinating stage of development in Africa.Originality/valueThe study provides insights on the barriers to BIM implementation across the Nigerian construction sector environments. The innovative aspect of the study is the identification of the ordered and grouped (composite) set of barriers to BIM which could be used to developing appropriate mitigating solutions.

An Institutional Approach to Digitalization in Sustainability-Oriented Infrastructure Projects: The Limits of the Building Information Model

The transport sector accounts for a large share of global Co2 emissions. To mitigate the impact of climate change, several sustainability-oriented large-scale infrastructure projects such as electric road systems and expanding rail systems have recently been on the policy agenda. A parallel development that is expected to accelerate the transition of the transport sector is digitalization, which, although ongoing for many decades, has recently been augmented by concepts such as artificial intelligence (AI) and smart city technologies. The integration of these digitalization tools at the organizational level poses not only opportunities but also some challenges for the actors involved in infrastructure projects. An approach that is currently promoted in the infrastructure sector is the Building Information Model (BIM), which is a decision-making instrument that leverages various digitalization tools and applications. However, although the economic implications of BIM are widely discussed in the literature, the (inter-) organizational dynamics involving multiple actors in infrastructure projects are not fully grasped. Large infrastructure projects are sociotechnical endeavors embedded in complex institutional frames; hence the institutional norms, practices and logics in them are significant. Responding to this, this paper adopted an institutional analysis and put the BIM approach in the (inter-) organizational context in infrastructure delivery. Drawing on empirical data from three organizations in infrastructure delivery in Spain, this paper analyzed the tensions among actors during BIM adoption and implementation.

Critical success factors for BIM implementation: a Malaysian case study

PurposeThis paper aimed to identify critical success factors (CSFs) of building information modeling (BIM) implementation among architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) firms in Malaysia using quantitative statistical methods.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was conducted on the population of all AEC firms in Malaysia to rank the relative importance of 15 success factors (SFs) for BIM implementation in the firm on a 5-point Likert scale. The sampling frame consisted of all members registered with the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) from which 184 responses were received. The distinction between SFs and CSFs was achieved by a normalized mean cutoff value. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the relative groupings of the CSFs and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to examine the underlying relationships between the CSF groupings.FindingsResults of this study validated 11 previously identified CSFs for successful implementation of BIM among Malaysian AEC firms. Non-technical factors such as management, leadership and coordination were found to have higher relevance compared to technical factors such as software and hardware. Ranking analysis of the CSFs found internal coordination factors to have more importance compared to external coordination factors. PCA revealed 4 principal components (PCs) from the 11 CSFs. Together, these four PCs explain 74.3% of the variance in the data. Also, six hypothesized relationships between these groupings were supported using PLS-SEM.Research limitations/implicationsThis study found an interaction between internal and external coordination factors for the implementation of BIM. Future research could explore the dynamics of both intra- and inter-firm coordination, which may create an environment suitable for BIM implementation.Practical implicationsThis study provides Malaysian AEC firms with a general strategy on how to approach the implementation of BIM within the firm. In addition, government initiatives should focus on increasing BIM competency of graduates entering the workforce. This can be achieved through the development of a national BIM curriculum. Apart from that, the implementation of BIM requires a radical shift in the traditional building delivery process, not just simply acquiring new software and hardware.Originality/valueThis study revealed that the interactions between different firms at the industry level can influence successful implementation of BIM at the firm level. CSFs for BIM implementation at the firm level have been extensively studied. However, few studies exist which explore the inter-firm collaborations at the industry level that facilitate successful BIM implementation.

Implementing 5D BIM on construction projects: contractor perspectives from the UK construction sector

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on primary research findings that sought to investigate and analyse salient issues on the implementation of 5D building information modelling (BIM) from the UK contractors’ perspective. Previous research and efforts have predominantly focussed on the use of technologies for cost estimation and quantity takeoff within a more traditional-led procurement, with a paucity of research focussing on how 5D BIM could facilitate costing within contractor-led procurement. This study fills this current knowledge gap and enhances the understanding of the specific costing challenges faced by contractors in contractor-led projects, leading to the development of 5D framework for use in future projects.Design/methodology/approachTo develop a fully detailed understanding of the challenges and issues being faced in this regard, a phenomenological, qualitative-based study was undertaken through interviews involving 21 participants from UK-wide construction organisations. A thematic data analytical process was applied to the data to derive key issues, and this was then used to inform the development of a 5D-BIM costing framework.FindingsMulti-disciplinary findings reveal a range of issues faced by contractors when implementing 5D BIM. These exist at strategic, operational and technological levels which require addressing successful implementation of 5D BIM on contractor-led projects adhering to Level 2 BIM standards. These findings cut across the range of stakeholders on contractor-led projects. Ultimately, the findings suggest strong commitment and leadership from organisational management are required to facilitate cost savings and generate accurate cost information.Practical implicationsThis study highlights key issues for any party seeking to effectively deploy 5D BIM on a contractor-led construction project. A considerable cultural shift towards automating and digitising cost functions virtually, stronger collaborative working relationship relative to costing in design development, construction practice, maintenance and operation is required.Originality/valueBy analysing findings from primary research data, the work concludes with the development of a 5D BIM costing framework to support contractor-led projects which can be implemented to ensure that 5D BIM is successfully implemented.

Assessing Strategies of Building Information Modeling (BIM) Implementation in Sarawak Construction Industry

The implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in a construction project is gaining momentum across the globe particularly in developing countries. BIM implementation has been exceptionally slow in the construction industry in comparison to industries such as manufacturing and engineering. The construction industry in Sarawak is beginning to change as building clients and authorities mandated the use of BIM consistent with the CIDB transformation roadmap and Industrial Revolution 4.0. This paper is a part of a research project that examines the strategies associated with the implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Sarawak construction industry. BIM allows projects to be built virtually before they are constructed physically whilst removing inefficiencies and ability conflicts that may arise all through the construction process. Whilst BIM is presently receiving high volumes of attention around the world, it appears that well-known understanding of it’s far still tremendously low. Thus, it requires a study to determine what are the strategies that could enhance the BIM implementation in the Sarawak construction industry. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 300 respondents from diverse construction stakeholders in Sarawak and 133 questionnaire surveys were returned for analysis. The collected data were analysed for descriptive, mean and factor analysis using IBM SPSS version 25 software. It was found that “subsidizing the price for BIM software” is the top-ranked strategy with a mean score of 8.1805. Subsequently, the results for factor analysis revealed that all factors for BIM implementation strategies were above 0.854. The key finding was the identification of the importance of government support to ensure successful BIM implementation in the Sarawak construction industry. Other important strategies identified include a strategic approach model to assist construction players to implement BIM and cooperation among BIM practitioner, academia and researcher to educate and expose BIM to students in institutions.