Success Of Implants Research Articles

Chemically heparinized PEEK via a green method to immobilize bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) for enhanced osteogenic activity.

Osseointegration remains one of the major challenges in the success of bone-related implants. Recently, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has emerged as an alternative material in orthopedic and dental applications due to its bone-mimicking mechanical properties. However, its bioinertness resulting in poor osseointegration has limited its potential application. So, the surface modification of PEEK with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) can be a potential approach for improving osseointegration. In this study, we proposed the chemical modification of heparin onto PEEK through an environmentally benign method to exploit the BMP-2 binding affinity of heparin. The heparin was successfully functionalized on the PEEK surface via a combination of ozone and UV treatment without using organic solvents or chemicals. Furthermore, BMP-2 was efficiently immobilized on PEEK and exhibited a sustained release of BMP-2 compared to the pristine PEEK with enhancement of bioactivity in terms of proliferation as well as osteogenic differentiation of MG-63. The significant synergistic effect of BMP-2 and heparin grafting on osteogenic differentiation of MG-63 was observed. Overall, we demonstrated a relatively safe method where no harsh chemical reagent or organic solvent was involved in the process of heparin grafting onto PEEK. The BMP-2 loaded, heparin-grafted PEEK could serve as a potential platform for osseointegration improvement of PEEK-based bone implants.

Evaluation of Failure Rate for Cortical Dental Implants Placed in the Mandibular Anterior Region: A Systematic Review

Introduction: To enhance the success of dental implants, it is crucial to understand the factors contributing to implant failure. Practitioners should carefully evaluate the relevance and impact of critical risk factors associated with the mandibular anterior region to gauge the potential for implant failure. Aim: To assess the rates of implant failure for implants placed in the mandibular anterior region. Materials and Methods: For this systematic review, the eligibility criteria for present study included randomised and non randomised clinical trials, prospective cohort studies, and retrospective studies published in the English language between 2000 and 2022. These studies specifically documented dental implant failure rates in the anterior mandible, excluding reviews, in-vitro, cadaveric, and animal studies, as well as case series studies. The participants considered were systemically and mentally healthy individuals aged 18-90 years who had undergone oral restoration using dental implants in the anterior mandibular area. Exclusion criteria involved patients who did not undergo oral restoration with dental implants in the anterior mandibular region, those with systemic diseases affecting implant success, serious cardiac diseases, deficient homeostasis, blood dyscrasias, and psychological diseases. The intervention focused on patients rehabilitated with cortical dental implants in the mandibular anterior region, without a specific comparator or control. Based on the mentioned criteria, nine studies were included. The main outcome of interest was the dental implant failure rate. Results: The review's included studies indicated the placement of 3,718 implants in the mandibular anterior region, with 86 failures, resulting in a 2.31% failure rate, suggesting an approximate 3% failure rate for implants in this area. Conclusion: Given the multifactorial nature of implant failure, the available literature does not support the designation of the mandibular anterior region as a specific risk factor for such failures.

Clinical Use of a Mineral-Organic Resorbable Bone Adhesive: A First Human Case Report with a 3-Year Follow-up.

The ability for clinicians to adequately obtain primary stability in host bone is critical to the success of dental implants. Numerous conditions require dentists to perform multistage approaches to rebuild deficient bone volume prior to surgically placing implants. In many instances, implant placement cannot be achieved due to a lack of primary implant stability. Recently, a novel mineral-organic resorbable bone adhesive (MORBA) has demonstrated promising results in animal studies. MORBA is a synthetic, injectable, self-setting, load-bearing adhesive biomaterial that exhibits osteopromotive properties and bonds bone to bone and metal within 10 minutes and can fully resorb in 30 weeks. Its unique novel formulation was developed from biomimetic proteins found in marine animal creatures that possess distinct adhesive properties underwater. Excellent long-term results have shown its potential use for achieving primary stability in immediate implants. The present case report demonstrates the first use of MORBA in a human patient, utilized on a nonrestorable mandibular first molar. MORBA was utilized after placement of a mobile 5.8-mm implant to achieve stabilization. At 3 months postsurgery, both clinical and CBCT evaluations showed maintained implant stability. One year after implant placement, radiographic bone was seen on the buccal surface of the implant with continued long-term stabilization. This case report extends to 3 years whereby the use of MORBA, in an initially unstable situation, demonstrated an excellent long-term follow-up. MORBA provided immediate implant stability with resorbable characteristics, leading to successful long-term clinical outcomes up to 3 years. This innovative biomaterial offers a more efficient solution to a critical problem in implant dentistry, allowing optimal primary stability during immediate implant placement, thus reducing treatment times and costs.

Transfer of Guided Emergence Profile Developed Using Customized Provisional Implant Restoration and Cementation Using an Abutment Replica Technique: A Case Report.

The long-term success of dental implants depends not only upon implant osseointegration, but also on the surrounding soft tissue health and profile. An ideal emergence profile contributes to the aesthetics of an implant restoration. It maintains long-term implant health by preventing potential food accumulation and forming a barrier against bacterial ingress. This article describes a method for obtaining an impression of implants that will capture the custom guided peri-implant soft tissue contours accurately, thus contributing to a final restoration with favorable aesthetics. We also describe a technique for reducing excess cement in a cement retained implant crown, thereby contributing to the health of the peri-implant tissues.

Titania nanotubes modified with copper enhance osteogenic differentiation of adipose derived stem cells.

To achieve long term success of orthopedic implants, it is critical to have a successful integration of bone and implant material. To accomplish this, various surface modifications have been investigated in research. Even though titania nanotubes and copper have individually demonstrated successful stem cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, these modifications have not yet been investigated together. In this study, we fabricated copper-modified titania nanotubes and evaluated the adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of adipose derived stem cells on these surfaces. Implant surfaces also have to interact with blood after insertion in the body. Several studies have shown the importance of blood clots on material surfaces and their influence in differentiation of cells. Hence, blood clotting properties of modified surfaces were also investigated through whole blood clotting, and platelet adhesion and activation. The copper-modified titania nanotube surfaces demonstrated increased differentiation of adipose derived stem cells towards osteogenic lineage as well as enhanced blood clotting properties, thus they can be used as a potential surface for orthopedic implants.

Efeitos de um enxaguatório liberador de oxigênio para manutenção da saúde peri-implantar. Estudo piloto clinico, randomizado e controlado

Abstract Introduction The control of peri-implant biofilm plays a crucial role in the long-term success of dental implants. Topical treatment alternatives aimed at reducing or preventing biofilm accumulation around the implant's prosthetic components are critical for the success of the treatment. Objective The present study has clinically evaluated the effects of an oxygen-releasing mouthwash (BlueM®) over a 90-day period, following implant placement surgery. Material and method Inclusion and exclusion criteria allowed for the selection of participants who, after implant placement, were randomized into two groups: the control group, which used a 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash, and the BlueM group, which received the oxygen-releasing BlueM mouthwash. All participants were instructed to rinse twice daily for the first 10 days and once a day up to 30 days post-surgery. Clinical parameters were evaluated, including the visible plaque index (VP), marginal bleeding (MB), presence of calculus (PC), suppuration (SUP), mucositis (MU), and the extent of keratinized gingiva (KG). These data were collected at the time of suture removal (baseline). At 90 days postoperative, in addition to the aforementioned parameters, probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and the presence of peri-implantitis (PI) were evaluated. Result Nine patients were included in this study, with a total of 38 implants. The BlueM group demonstrated a reduction in MB and an even greater reduction in VP. The other assessed parameters showed similar results to those in the control group. Conclusion BlueM mouthwash has clinical benefits for biofilm control and gingival inflammation reduction.

Installation of dental implants in distracted anterior alveolar bone

Purpose This study was planned to evaluate the success of dental implants installed in distracted alveolar bone using extra-osseous vertical distractor. Patients and methods This is a prospective noncontrolled clinical study that was carried out on eight patients with age range from 20 to 50 years old who complained from vertical alveolar defect in anterior area and underwent vertical alveolar distraction osteogenesis using extra-osseous distractor device followed by implant installation. Results Clinically there was a significant increase in vertical height of alveolar bone after distraction at P value of 0.007. Radiographically, by cone-beam computed tomography there was a significant increase in alveolar bone height and implants installed in distracted anterior alveolar bone were successful. Conclusion Alveolar distraction osteogenesis was a predictable method for restoring alveolar ridge height prior to implant placement. Distraction osteogenesis is ideally suited for recreating missing tissues in the anterior esthetic zone. The bone gain reached at the end of distraction appears to be lasting.

Comparison of Alveolar Bone Level around Osseointegrated Dental Implants among Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women: A 2-Year Study.

The success of dental implants is affected by bone quality and quantity at the dental implant site. The present study was done to assess the changes in alveolar bone level around osseointegrated dental implants over a period of 2 years among the premenopausal and postmenopausal women. This prospective clinical study was conducted among 50 female patients who reported between January 2020-June 2020 and had a single missing molar in maxillary or mandibular arch. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: premenopause patients (Group A; n = 25) and postmenopause patients (Group B; n = 25). Marginal bone loss (MBL) was recorded at baseline, 12 mo and 24 mo follow-up and compared between both the groups using independent t-test. ANOVA was done to compare MBL between different time periods. On intragroup comparison, a statistically significant difference was observed between different time periods in both Group A (P = 0.05) and Group B (P = 0.04). Also, on intergroup comparison, a statistically significant difference was observed in Group B from Group A at 12 mo and 24 mo (P < 0.05). Increase in marginal bone loss was observed among postmenopausal women. Therefore, clinicians should emphasize the need for oral hygiene maintenance among postmenopausal women for peri-implant health.

Partial fixed dental prostheses fabricated using fiber-reinforced composite resin supported by short and extra-short implants: A case series.

This study aimed to evaluate the 10-year outcomes of partial fixed dental prostheses (P-FDPs) fabricated using metal-free fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) resin frameworks veneered with composite resin and supported by short and extra-short implants. This study included 28 patients with 38 FRC prostheses supported by 96 implants. Implant and prosthesis survival and success rates were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The 10-year implant survival and success rate, as determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis, was 96.9%, and the prosthesis survival and success rates were 94.7% and 92.0%, respectively. None of the parameters under investigation were significantly correlated with prosthetic survival or successful outcomes, but three parameters were correlated with higher peri-implant bone levels: implant placement in the mandible as opposed to the maxilla, shorter P-FDP spans, and natural teeth on the opposing arch. FRC P-FDPs supported by short and extra-short implants presented high, up to 10-year, survival and success rates, when used to restore partially edentulous arches.

Evaluation of the Implant Success Rate of Titanium-based Implant Materials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Evaluation of the Implant Success Rate of Titanium-based Implant Materials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bone augmentation in dental implants among Indian patients.

It is of interest to compare guided bone regeneration (GBR) with titanium mesh, alveolar distraction osteo-genesis (DO), GBR with auto-genous bone and e-PTFE membranes and onlay bone grafts. This helps to restore vertically lacking alveolar ridges and their capacity to sustain the vertical bone growth acquired both prior to and following implant placement. The parameters such as (i) success and survival of dental implants (ii) peri-implant clinical parameters after prosthetic loading at 1 year, 2 year and 3 year follow up (iii) resorption of alveolar ridge regenerated before placement of dental implants and after placement of dental implants were assessed. Data shows that the distraction osteo-genesis is more predictable for long-term prognosis of vertical bone growth. However, all methods help to repair the vertically resorbed edentulous ridges.

Implant prosthesis design for easy long-term maintenance

For the long-term success of implants, not only the implant surgery but also the design of the prosthesis is important. The subgingival part of an implant prosthesis should be designed to avoid bone interference, maintain the volume of surrounding soft tissue, and be easy to clean. The supragingival part of the prosthesis must be manufactured so that food does not accumulate, is easy to clean, and forms appropriate occlusion. In this paper, I will describe the appropriate form of implant prosthesis for a successful long-term prognosis.

Impact of diabetes mellitus on dental implants: A cross sectional controlled clinical study.

Background and objective: After osseointegration the long-term success of dental implants is determined by the maintenance of the peri-implant soft tissue and bone level. This study evaluates the impact of Diabetes mellitus on dental implants in diabetic patients and compare it with that of nondiabetic patients. Patients and methods: Thirty diabetic patients and thirty controlled subjects rehabilitated with dental implants were included in this study. The duration of implant treatment is (1-7) years, and dental implant status between both groups was compared using Immunohistochemistry for analyzing Interleukin 6 in peri-implant crevicular fluid, bacteriology, radiology, and clinically by measuring gingival sulcus depth, bleeding on probing, gingival recession, presence of suppuration and mobility. The statistical package for the social sciences program (SPSS, version 28) was used for data analysis. Results: Diabetic patients show a Statistically significant difference to non diabetic subjects in the level of interleukin 6 with (P value 0.004), Culture and sensitivity with (P value 0.003), Peri -implant bone loss in mesial and distal sides of the implant with P values 0.006 and 0.002 respectively, and also, in gingival recession with (P value 0.017). while the difference was not significant in gingival sulcus depth P value0.220, bleeding on probing P value0.550, implant suppuration P value 0.999, and mobility P value 0.999. Keywords: Bacteriology, Diabetes mellitus, Interleukin 6, Osseointegration, Periimplantitis

Chemical reaction and strength of tricalcium phosphate nano-coating application on dental implants by atomistic calculations

The success of dental titanium implants depends on the interaction of the implant with the surrounding bone, including the type of coating that promotes osseointegration. The most popular are calcium phosphate coatings, in particular tricalcium phosphate (TCP). Since cases of delamination of coatings from titanium have been observed in practice, it is important to be able to evaluate and predict the adhesion strength of coatings of different compositions to titanium.The work involves ab initio quantum chemical modeling of the interaction of TCP with titanium oxide and calculation of their binding energy. Considering that titanium instantly oxidizes in air, calculations were carried out with titanium dioxide. The Gaussian09 DFT B3LYP package with the 6-31G basis set was used. We synthesized tricalcium phosphate stepwise by assessing the binding energies between its constituents and titanium dioxide, as well as other structural characteristics including bond lengths, bond angles, dihedral angles, and charges. A method for assessing adhesion strength at the macro level using binding energy values calculated at the nano level is proposed. The values obtained are in reasonable agreement with experimental data and other numerical calculations. Using the methods of micromechanics of inhomogeneous media for the polycrystalline/amorphous structures of hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-TCP coatings, their anisotropic elastic characteristics were averaged and the degree of their closeness to the characteristics of the Ti substrate was compared.A comparison of two CFs showed that HA has an advantage over TCP both in terms of greater chemical affinity with the titanium substrate (higher adhesive bond energy) and in terms of proximity to the substrate in terms of mechanical characteristics (lower stress concentration at the bond boundary).

The Outcome of Smoking on Healing of Bone Around Dental Implants.

To assess the outcome of cigarette smoking and non-smoking on the healing of bone around dental implants. A retrospective analysis was made over 6 years of the clinical and radiographic findings corresponding to 60 consecutive patients (25 women and 35 men) who had received a total of 100 implants. Patients were divided into two groups: smokers, 32 patients (received 50 implants); and non-smokers (NSs), 28 patients (received 50 implants). Smokers were identified as people smoking >15 cigarettes per day. The success and failure cases were evaluated and studied. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Smokers and NSs received 50 implants in each group with 5 (10%) and 2 (4%) failures and 90% and 96% of success in smokers and NSs, respectively. Smokers had a higher failure rate than NSs. The difference was statistically significant. The results indicated a higher success of implants in NSs compared to smokers.

Dental implants in breast cancer patients receiving bisphosphonate therapy

This review article aims to assess the success of dental implants in breast cancer patients receiving bisphosphonate therapy, and to evaluate the risk of developing bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw following dental implant surgery.Breast cancer patients undergoing bisphosphonate therapy may receive dental implants. However, the risk of developing BRONJ and implant failure is quite high. Risk factors such as the type of BP received, the route of administration, and the length of treatment prior to surgery should be considered.

Five-Year Follow-Up of 8 and 6 mm Locking-Taper Implants Treated with a Reconstructive Surgical Protocol for Peri-Implantitis: A Retrospective Evaluation

Peri-implant infections, in the absence of adequate treatment, can finally lead to premature loss of the implant. Among targeted protocols recently proposed for the treatment of peri-implant bone defects, and in the case of short implants, reconstructive surgery represents a recommended option. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes, in terms of maintenance, of a reconstructive treatment for peri-implantitis in locking-taper plateau-design single-crown implants, followed for 5 years after surgery. A retrospective evaluation was conducted in 20 patients treated with access flap surgery, concomitant chemical and mechanical surface decontamination, and bone grafting (using a self-hardening mixture of bone substitutes and biphasic calcium sulfate without the use of membranes). Of the 21 implants assessed, 9 were 8 mm-length, and 12 were 6 mm-length. Implant loss and treatment success were, respectively, 0% and 80.95% after 5 years from surgery. All parameters related to bone levels and soft tissue conditions significantly improved after 3 years and remained stable at the 5-year follow-up. The proposed protocol, followed by an effective supporting periodontal therapy, demonstrated the maintenance of the function of all implants, providing adequate stability during the healing process after surgery and limiting the onset of disease recurrence.

Evaluation of the accuracy of implants using 3D printed surgical guides in implant placement

Background: The optimal position of the implant in 3 dimensions in space is the most important factor to ensure the long - term success of dental implants. Today, advanced technology can simulate the virtual implant position before surgery. Through 3D printing technology, it is possible to transfer the virtual implant position to the surgical field using a static surgical guide. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of 3D printed surgical guides when performing implant when performed using 3D printed surgical guides. Methods: The study reports a series of clinical cases with 32 implants placed in the maxilla and mandible. The surgical guide is designed using Blue Sky Implant software. Postoperative CBCT data is combined with preoperative treatment plan data to evaluate deviations in implant position, angle between two implants, and vertical deviation. Results: The study showed implant misalignment when using 3D printed surgical guides: misalignment at the implant neck was 1.11 ± 0.67 mm; at the tip is 1.43 ± 1.053 mm; The angle is 3.01 ± 2.53o and the vertical is 0.71 ± 0.57 mm. The study noted that angular deviations, cervical, apical and vertical deviations were not statistically significant according to gender, parts of dental archs and implant position Conclusion: Using a surgical guide can help the implant to be placed more accurately in all 3 dimensions in the maxilla/ mandible. The 3D printed surgical guide has high precision and can be used to support implant surgery.

EFFECT OF DENTAL IMPLANTS SURFACE TREATMENT ON MARGINAL BONE HIGHT

Statement of problem:Marginal bone changes around implant supported complete dentures is one of the most significant factor that affect the clinical success of dental implants which depends mainly on osteointegration and surface treatment. Purpose. This study aimed to assess the change in marginal bone height of two different surface treated implants retaining and supporting complete overdenture. Materials and Methods.50-60 yearsoldcompletelyedentulous patients wereselectedandand rehabilitatedwithmaxillarycomplete dentures and mandibularoverdenturesretained by twoball and socket dental implants. The implants surface treatmentsusedwereacidetch andresorbable blast media (RBM). Marginal boneheight changes wereassessed at denture insertion, after six- and twelve-monthusingconebeamcomputedtomography (CBCT). Date wascollected and Students t-test wasperformed. Results. The change of marginal bone of the acid etched and RPM implants throughout the follow up periods showed no significant statistical difference among the two type of implants at time of loading, after the 6th and 12th month. Conclusions. Acid etchedandRBM dental implants supporting and retaining complete mandibular overdentures showed significant success rates regarding the marginal bone changes during the follow up period. Clinical Implications: Guided implant placementgranting more accurate and predictable implant position while reducing the patient fear and anxiety. The marginal bone level changes were within the reported range of the literature of both acid etched and RBM dental Implants.

Maxillary Sinus Lift Procedures: An Overview of Current Techniques, Presurgical Evaluation, and Complications.

A maxillary sinus lift procedure is indicated if a dental implant needs to be placed in the posterior maxilla with limited bone available to accommodate a dental implant. Both open and closed sinus lifting procedures are reliable approaches for increasing the bone volume needed to support proper implant positioning. However, these methods can lead to several complications. In addition to the general complications commonly linked to oral surgery, such as swelling or hematoma, the primary complication in open sinus lifting is typically the perforation of the Schneiderian membrane during osteotomy. Detailed and extensive presurgical evaluation is crucial to minimize such complications. The objective of this study was to delineate contemporary trends in sinus lift surgery, with a specific emphasis on different techniques of sinus lift procedure, anatomical and surgical factors, presurgical evaluation, bone grafting, and the practical implications of these factors in implant dentistry cases involving a deficient posterior maxilla. In conclusion, while both osteotome and lateral window techniques can assist clinicians in addressing the complexities of implant placement in a deficient posterior maxilla, bone height before implantation remains a critical factor in determining the success and longevity of implants.