CIENCE begins when man learns to S measure his world or any part of it by definite objective standards. Theological and metaphysical explanations are the earlier and less critical analogues of the scientific explanations of phenomena. Science views processes from within; it studies relationships among the things themselves. Theology and metaphysics look upon concrete phenomena as extensions or consequences of a personality or of a principle which dwells or obtains outside of the phenomena themselves. Relationships among phenomena are viewed merely as secondary relationships derived from and dependent upon the primary relationships between the phenomena and the external causative personality or principle. Metaphysics and theology do not recognize primary relationships among mere phenomena, that is, the concrete perceptual objects of every day occurrence. Science grew up as an attempt to explain what appeared to be merely secondary and relatively inconsequential-to measure these interrelationships of things. Primnitive man was under the spell of the power of nature; it overwhelmed, oppressed, frightened, or inspired him. It was for him a mystical thing which he felt in the large, but which he did not comprehend in the concreteness of detail. He made his peace with the unseen powers of nature through attempts at propitiation, bargaining, mastering, intimidation, supplication, service-all of which were the methods used by one personality towards another. This was magic. But in it lay the seeds of scientific control. Magic could not give way to science until analysis of the relations of objects had reduced the personality concept of the world in some measure to a mechanistic or quantitative and intellectual, instead of a qualitative and affective, conception of relationships. Magic was based primarily upon a personality conception of the world. Science, or intellectual analysis and quantitative measurement of phenomena, is based primarily upon a mechanistic view of the world and its phenomenal relationships. Thus the growth of science is synonymous with the abstraction of a world of things away from a world of attitudes, or of personalities, of spirits and of powers. This abstraction and isolation of impersonal data away from personality attitudes naturally first came in the world of physics or relatively inert masses. We are just now learning to abstract complex human personalities into quantitative and intellectualized explanations, or to proceed from the qualitative personality to the quantitative mechanistic explanations of human organisms. This same kind of substitution was made rather impersonally for animal organisms below man at a somewhat earlier date, and physiology became a definite biochemical and biophysical science. A quantitative science of human psychology is just being established as behaviorism and sociology is now beginning to emerge from the limbo of affective attitudes and emotional values into the measurement of causes and consequences, or of quantitative correlations. The Greek philosophers of Asia Minor, and later those of Athens and of Magna Graecia, began the process of mechanistic abstraction in announcing quantitative causal relationships among the phenomena of every day life and in the fields of the organization of matter and of astronomy