Impact Of Workload Research Articles

The effect of workload and job stress on job satisfaction mediated by work motivation

This research examines the impact of workload and job stress on job satisfaction mediated by motivation in a type B government hospital, RSUD Kanjuruhan. This study is explanatory research with a quantitative approach. The sample used in this study is 162 nurses and midwives who have worked in RSUD Kanjuruhan for at least one year. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling partial least squares (SEM-PLS). The results of this study indicate that high workloads and low job stress can increase motivation and job satisfaction. The appropriate planning and calculation of the nurse-patient ratio must be implemented to improve motivation and job satisfaction. This study also found that the mediation of motivation was a complementary mediation between workload and job satisfaction and a competitive mediation between job stress and job satisfaction.

Informing Implementation: Perspectives from the Australian University Community Regarding an Animal Assisted Intervention.

Animal Assisted Interventions (AAIs) have become increasingly popular in the university setting; however, there is limited research exploring their potential on an Australian university campus and participants' views prior to implementation. Therefore, this study aimed to explore university staff members' and students' interest in participating in an AAI and their perspectives on intervention characteristics. This was a mixed methods study, using an online survey and semi-structured interviews. The survey had 344 responses, and 45 interviews were conducted. A large majority of participants (86%) were interested in participating in an AAI. In the survey, participants indicated their preferred intervention characteristics for the location of the intervention, frequency of participating, and ways of hearing about the intervention. Participants also expressed concerns regarding therapy animal welfare. In interviews, participants discussed various considerations which may impact the intervention (such as the accessibility of the location, the impact of workload on participating, the effectiveness of promotion strategies, and factors that may assist therapy animal welfare, such as the therapy animals' handlers). Gaining an insight into the university community's views prior to implementation may ensure the intervention is feasible to implement and can be beneficial to both humans and therapy animals.

Optimizing the Performance of SOE Employees in the Banking Sector by minimizing Workload, Burnout, and Job Stress

This study aims to excavate and describe the impact of workload, burnout, and job stress on employee performance in state-owned banking companies in the city of Bandung. This research was descriptive and verification methods in nature. The sample used was 60 employees from a total of 150 populations using the Multiple Linear Regression method as an analysis tool. The findings of this study show that all independent variables, namely workload, work weakness, and work stress are described as being in fairly good condition. This shows that the workload, work fatigue, and work stress in the state-owned banking company in Bandung are not in alarming condition. Meanwhile, the dependent variable is employee performance in good condition, which means that even though employees feel workload, work fatigue, and work stress, they are still able to remain productive. In addition, the results of the hypothesis test found that there was a negative and significant influence between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The results of this study are expected to have an impact on controlling workload, work stress, and especially work fatigue, so as to optimize the performance of employees of state-owned banking companies in the city of Bandung.

The influence of workload during the COVID-19 pandemic on the social life of the nurses

Background: Nurses have been the frontline fighters during the COVID-19 pandemic. This challenge has placed nurses under huge workload pressure, which has in turn affected many aspects of their lives. During the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia, many hospitals and healthcare systems have been adversely affected. However, few studies have examined the impact of workload during the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses’ social lives. Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between the workload during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the social life of nurses. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire. Results: A total of 204 nurses participated in the study. There were 73.53% female and 26.47% male respondents with a mean age of 27.64 ± 10.62 years. The majority of the participants were Saudi (87.25%) and single (52.45%). The mean score of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and work pressure on nurses’ social lives was (7.31 ± 1.84) out of 10. There was found to be a significant relationship between workload during the COVID-19 pandemic and the social life of nurses. Conclusion: The study revealed how the workload in hospital during the pandemic period affected the healthcare workers’ social lives, especially nurses. Therefore, it is necessary to provide support to nurses and to know their needs during the pandemic period, which may motivate them and reduce their workload to improve their work/life balance and their performance.

Inpatient clinician workload: a scoping review protocol to understand the definition, measurement and impact of non-procedural clinician workloads

IntroductionClinicians that care for hospitalised patients face unprecedented work conditions with exposure to highly infectious disease, exceedingly high patient numbers, and unpredictable work demands, all of which have resulted in...

Measuring the impact of practicum schedule and mental workload on stress levels in hybrid learning: A case study in Physics practicum

The Physics Laboratory of the Faculty of Engineering, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, has implemented hybrid learning-based learning after the Covid-19 pandemic abated. Students admitted to online practicum the previous semester said they felt depressed and overthinking while participating in the physics practicum. The assignments and report must be handwritten after they watch a video explanation of the experimental procedure. The internet network condition is also an obstacle for online practicum. Based on these problems, examining the impact of hybrid learning-based learning in shift practicum and mental workload on stress levels was necessary. This study aims to identify the mental workload experienced by online and offline participants in the Physics Laboratory practicum. The advantage of this study is to review two practicum methods, online and offline practicum. The research instruments used to measure the mental workload and stress level experienced by students are NASA-TLX and DASS-21, respectively. The results showed a simultaneous influence between shift practicum and mental workload on stress levels. The mental workload on the stress level of online and offline practice is significantly different. However, the shift of practicum to the stress level of online and offline practice is similar—the mental workload of online and offline practice in the dominant medium and heavy categories. Heavy and normal categories dominate stress levels. The dominant mental workload factors are effort, frustration, and physical demand.

P142 The interplay of digital work, working from home, and work-family conflict on insomnia among university employees: A moderated mediation approach

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increment in working from home (WFH) arrangements, causing a greater reliance on digital devices. However, excessive work-related digital use while at home may lead to greater work-family conflict (WFC), with negative consequences for sleep. Little is known about the impact of digital workload on sleep disturbances, specifically insomnia. This study aimed to investigate the interplay between digital work, WFH, and WFC on insomnia symptoms. This study used a moderated mediation model to explore the relationship between digital work demands and insomnia symptoms, mediated by WFC, and moderated by work resources and WFH. The relationships were explored using a sample of Australian university employees (N = 1932; 538 men, 1394 women; 18 to 81 years old) who completed a survey assessing their digital workload, availability of work resources, home-work life, and sleep. The model was split to compare men and women, and academic and professional staff members. A regression analysis showed that digital work demands predicted insomnia symptoms. Moderated mediation analyses revealed that WFC mediated the association between digital demands and insomnia for both men and women. In contrast, WFC did not mediate the relationship for academic and professional staff members. Both WFH and work resources did not significantly moderate the link between digital demands and insomnia. Overall findings showed that university employees reported greater insomnia symptoms when experiencing greater WFC. Findings suggest that creating boundaries around work-related digital use while at home may alleviate risk of developing sleep disturbances and improve sleep.

Privacy-Preserving Serverless Computing Using Federated Learning for Smart Grids

The smart power grid is a critical energy infrastructure where real-time electricity usage data is collected to predict future energy requirements. The existing prediction models focus on the centralized frameworks, where the collected data from various home area networks (HANs) are forwarded to a central server. This process leads to cybersecurity threats. This article proposes a federated learning based model with privacy preservation of smart grids data using serverless cloud computing. The model considers the blockchain-enabled dew servers in each HAN for local data storage and local model training. Advanced perturbation and normalization techniques are used to reduce the inverse impact of irregular workload on the training results. The experiment conducted on benchmarks datasets demonstrates that the proposed model minimizes the computation and communication costs, attacking probability, and improves the test accuracy. Overall, the proposed model enables smart grids with robust privacy preservation and high accuracy.

The effect of job satisfaction regulating workload on miners’ unsafe state

Miners’ unsafe behavior is the main cause of accidents in coal mines, and unsafe state have an important influence on unsafe behavior among miners. To minimize accidents from the source of accident chain, we evaluated the impact of workload on miners’ unsafe state. It is important for coal enterprises to monitor miners’ unsafe state and to prevent unsafe accidents. Workload is divided into two dimensions: work time and work demand. Meanwhile, we introduced job satisfaction as a moderating variable. Through empirical research methods, first-line employees from two coal mines in China were enrolled in the questionnaire survey. Regression analysis was used to verify the impact of workload and its various dimensions, job satisfaction, and miners’ unsafe state. We found that workload, work time and work demand have significant positive effects on miners’ unsafe state. Job satisfaction plays a moderating effect in the relationship between workload and miners’ unsafe state. To some extent, a higher job satisfaction was associated with reduced workload, reduced occurrence of miners’ unsafe state and minimal incidences of unsafe accidents. On this basis, measures were proposed to improve miners’ unsafe state in terms of workload and job satisfaction. This study informs the establishment of effective intervention measures to monitor miners’ unsafe state and is also beneficial to the improvement of coal mine safety.

Impact of cognitive workload and situation awareness on clinicians’ willingness to use an artificial intelligence system in clinical practice

Determinants of technology acceptance are multifaceted, particularly for artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. Using AI might impact users’ cognitive workload and situation awareness. This study explores the moderating effect of clinicians’ situation awareness and workload on the interaction between trust, risk, and intent to use an AI-based decision support system known as the blood utilization calculator (BUC). The study took place at an academic hospital in Wisconsin, US. A purposeful sampling strategy was utilized to recruit 119 BUC users. The data was collected via an online validated survey. The study leveraged Hayes PROCESS to capture the moderation effect of situation awareness and cognitive workload on the relationship between perceived risk and trust. The study also reports the significant impact of situation awareness (positively) and cognitive workload (negatively) on intent to use BUC. Adding to the body of knowledge, our study advocates for minimal cognitive workload and optimal situation awareness in healthcare.

475. IMPACT OF SURGERY START TIME ON SHORT TERM OUTCOMES OF ELECTIVE ESOPHAGECTOMY FOR CANCER

Abstract As the number of patients with esophageal cancer is increasing, it is expected to lead to an increased work for surgeons. However, surgeons would work less effectively with fatigue accumulation during the course of a normal workday. We examined the impact of surgery start time and work load on short-term outcomes of patients undergoing elective esophagectomy for caner. This was a retrospective analysis of a single medical center dataset that included all patients (n = 614) who had undergone elective esophagectomy for cancer between 2010 and 2022. Patients were categorized according to the start times of surgery (AM group: 8am-1pm, n = 491; PM group: 1pm-5pm, n = 123). Post-operative outcomes and short-term survival were taken as primary end point. The baseline characteristics of the AM and PM group were similar. The AM group had longer operation time (443.29±89.31 vs. 410±81.55, p < 0.001). The rate of unplanned conversion to laparotomy from laparoscopy was higher in the PM group with borderline significance (0.2% vs. 0.7%, p= 0.08). Both of the oncological outcomes and the incidence of the postoperative complications were similar between two groups (all p > 0.05). In short term survival, patients in the PM group had higher 180-day mortality (9.3% vs. 16.3%, p= 0.045). Surgery start times might contribute to higher conversion rate in abdominal part of surgery. Otherwise, surgery start times and workload of surgeons during working time did not affect short-term outcomes of elective esophagectomy for cancer.

The Impact of Workload on Workers’ Traumatic Stress and Mental Health Mediated by Career Adaptability during COVID-19

Building on career construction theory and the conservation of resources theory, this study investigated the impact of workload on healthcare workers’ mental health and secondary traumatic stress mediated by career adaptability during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collected from 549 healthcare workers working in Lebanese private hospitals in a two-wave survey were utilized to evaluate the proposed conceptual model, using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Contrary to our propositions, the workload had a significant positive effect on career adaptability and mental health and a negative effect on secondary traumatic stress. Similarly, career adaptability had a significant positive impact on mental health whereas it had a negative significant impact on secondary traumatic stress. Moreover, the results indicated that career adaptability links workload to secondary traumatic stress; however, the sign of the mediating effect is contrary to the hypotheses of this study. Our unexpected results indicate that workload might be considered a challenging demand that enhances healthcare workers’ career adaptability and mental health and reduces secondary traumatic stress. Healthcare management and human resource managers should develop employees’ abilities to face subsequent large-scale pandemics and should create a positive working atmosphere by providing support and training to healthcare workers.

Clarifying the inconsistently observed curvilinear relationship between workload and employee attitudes and mental well-being

ABSTRACT Despite converging theoretical arguments regarding non-linear relationships between workload and employee attitudes (i.e. job satisfaction) and mental well-being outcomes, prior empirical support for these curvilinear effects has been mixed. In this study we offer and test two potential explanations that may help to reconcile this discrepancy. First, existing workload scales do not assess the full range of workload, thereby making it difficult to detect curvilinear relationships. Second, outcomes typically examined are too distal and there are different mediators (i.e. boredom and frustration) that explain effects at the low and high ends of the workload continuum, respectively, which also serves to obscure curvilinear effects. We examined these possibilities in two North American samples (N = 499 and 493) that employed different designs (i.e. cross-sectional versus multi-wave surveys). Overall, we find support for our hypotheses; ability to detect curvilinear effects is enhanced when using too much/too little rating scales that capture the entire workload continuum. Furthermore, boredom mediated the impact of low workload on outcomes, whereas frustration mediated the impact of high workload on outcomes. Therefore, this study helps clarify why prior studies may have inconsistently observed non-linear relationships between workload and outcomes. We discuss the implications for both researchers and practitioners.

The Impact of Salary, Job Security and Workload on Teachers Satisfaction in Private Schools

The Impact of Salary, Job Security and Workload on Teachers Satisfaction in Private Schools

The Impact of Workload, Co-Worker Pressure and Supervisor Pressure on Employee Presenteeism: An Empirical Study on Sri Lankan Employees in Colombo District

Presenteeism is one of the major contemporary issues in Human Resource Management (HRM) as it negatively impacts on worker productivity and ultimately on organizational productivity and goal achievement. Objectives of the study were; (1) to find the degree of presenteeism of Sri Lankan employees in Colombo District who are under the study; (2) to find the impact of workload on employee presenteeism; (3) to find the impact of co-worker pressure on employee presenteeism; (4) to find the impact of supervisor pressure on employee presenteeism; (5) to find the overall impact of workload, co-worker pressure and supervisor pressure on employee presenteeism; and (6) to investigate whether there is any significant difference between male and female employees under study in terms of presenteeism. A theoretical framework was formulated based on some empirical evidences in literature review and logical beliefs of the authors. Three different instruments were developed by the authors to measure the degree of workload, co-worker pressure, and supervisor pressure while Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS) was utilized to measure employee presenteeism. Reliability and validity of the instruments are assured. Survey method was utilized and 72 employees responded to the questionnaire through the sampling technique of convenient sampling technique. The empirical findings revealed that the degree of employee presenteeism is between average and high and there is a significant positive impact from workload, co-worker pressure and supervisor pressure on employee presenteeism which means that higher the workload, co-worker pressure and supervisor pressure, higher the presenteeism will be. Further it was revealed that there is no significant difference between male and female employees who are under this study in terms of presenteeism.

The impact of task workload on cybersickness

This study explored the impact of task workload on virtual reality (VR) cybersickness. Cybersickness is a negative side effect of using VR to which many users are susceptible. Previous research on the impact on task workload on cybersickness has yielded no consistent relationships, but given that task workload requires attentional resources, it is worth further investigation of how a demand on attention might increase or decrease cybersickness. In this study, mental workload of participants (N = 151) was modified in three different task groups within the same virtual environment (VE). The Cybersickness Corn Maze VR testbed contained cybersickness-inducing stimuli and tasks with varying workload. The 0-Back group used a controller to select an object as a visual attention task. The 2-Back group performed the 2-Back memory detection task, using a controller to collect objects that matched the object presented two objects ago. The No-Task group passively moved through the environment and was not given a controller. Workload, cybersickness, dropout rate, presence, and task accuracy were compared across groups. Workload was found to be statistically significantly different in each group: highest in the 2-Back group, medium in the 0-Back group, and lowest in the No-Task group, validating the task design. Cybersickness in the 2-Back group was significantly higher than in the No-Task (140% higher) and 0-Back (54% higher) groups measured by the change in simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ) total severity (Post SSQ - Pre SSQ). The rate of participants’ dropout due to cybersickness was significantly higher in 2-back (33%) as compared with 0-Back (10%), but 0-Back and No-Task dropout rates were not significantly different. These results indicate that 1) task workload affects cybersickness and 2) its effect could be based on a threshold of workload. Presence increased with the addition of a task but plateaued between the 0-Back and 2-Back groups, suggesting that presence can be affected by task workload but only to a certain extent. Task accuracy was shown to negatively correlate with cybersickness within the task groups. A relationship between workload and cybersickness was found and warrants further research into these concepts. This work highlights the need for task workload and attention to be studied as components of the mechanisms underlying cybersickness.

The impact of mental workload, work-related and socio-demographic factors on job burnout among emergency medical staff.

Job burnout syndrome is caused by prolonged exposure to difficult working conditions. Emergency medical services (EMS) staff are exposed to varying levels of mental workload (MWL) depending on the operation, so it is more likely that they experience burnout syndrome. The main aim of the current research was to investigate the effect of MWL, work-related and socio-demographic factors on job burnout among Iranian EMS staff. The current cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical research was carried out among 198 EMS. In doing so, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), The NASA task load index (NASA TLX), and an author-developed work-related and socio-demographic factors were distributed among participants to collect data. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test, ANOVA test, multiple linear regression, and Pearson correlation coefficient). The results showed a significant statistical relationship between burnout and MWL. A significant statistical relationship between overall workload and two dimensions of MBI, namely, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were observed (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significant statistical difference regarding the mean of burnout in the different groups of educational levels and occupational categories were observed. The EMS staff generally reported moderate levels of MWL and burnout. Findings showed that socio-demographic and occupational factors had little effect on burnout. MWL, education levels, and occupational categories are the main predictors of job burnout.

Impact of Motivation and Workload on Service Time Components: An Empirical Analysis of Call Center Operations

We study the joint effects of motivation and workload on human servers’ service time. Using operational and survey data from a call center with a pooled queue structure and limited financial incentives, we examine how individual differences between servers’ trait intrinsic motivation (IM) and extrinsic motivation (EM) impact their average offline, online, and total service times in response to changing workloads. We find significant differences in the patterns of workload and service time relationships across different stages of the service request between servers possessing different combinations of trait motivation. For example, servers with a combination of high IM and low EM were approximately 15% (161%) faster in processing the offline portion of service requests than their peers with the opposite combination (low and high) when workload levels were low (high), respectively. In contrast, servers with high IM-low EM were approximately 35% (5%) slower in processing the online portion of service requests than their low IM-high EM counterparts when workload levels were low (high), respectively. Our findings suggest important nuances in how servers with different trait motivation types respond to changing workload across different stages of the service request. The behavioral pattern shown by high IM-low EM servers is consistent with the preferences of productivity-seeking call center managers who favor speedup and slowdown at certain stages of the service request, conditional to workload. These findings underscore the importance of accounting for trait-based individual differences for a more complete understanding of the complex relationship between workload and service time. This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.

Inferring causal networks of health care resilience and safety performance indicators: A two-stage fuzzy cognitive map approach

In the literature, there are three major concepts used to model resilience and safety performance: (i) integrated resilience engineering (IRE), (ii) work motivational factors, (iii) health, safety, environment, and ergonomics (HSEE). Over the last few decades, health care has developed a compartmentalized vision of performance, safety, and resilience. The issues caused by this are not yet clearly understood since the developments in each dimension are in their infancy. This paper presents a two-stage fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) using a non-linear Hebbian learning (NHL) algorithm and three evolutionary algorithms (EAs) to model the causal relations among these concepts and their impact on health care performance. This paper aims to infer the causal network of these concepts. We use an FCM trained in two stages to show the synergistic relationships among the health and safety paradigms and their favorable effects on the organization's safety performance. The methodology developed in this study targets achieving the minimum learning error by running an NHL algorithm followed by three EAs comprising genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA). The method is applied to a case study of a large general hospital. While a mere defuzzification of the experts' judgments yields virtually no distinguishability between the individual factors and their impact on performance, our approach extracts a much-improved degree of differentiation. One striking example is the obtained high impact of self-organization and overall workload on resilience and safety performance.

Risk assessment of the work-related musculoskeletal disorders based on individual characteristics using path analysis models

BackgroundThis study aimed to assess the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) using the path analysis models.MethodsThis study was carried out on 350 office employees with good general health. All variables were collected using a questionnaire. Personality traits and mental workload of employees were evaluated using the NEO Personality Inventory and the NASA-task load index software, respectively. The individual and personality traits were used as predictor variables, and mental workload (MWL) and body posture scores as mediating variables of the musculoskeletal discomforts. The role of predictor and mediating variables on discomforts was explained based on the path analysis models.ResultsThe impact coefficient of MWL and posture on WMSDs was significant. The coefficient of the direct effect of body mass index (BMI) and gender on musculoskeletal disorders was significant and positive and the women have reported a higher rate of discomforts. The strongest positive impact of personality traits on MWL and posture was conscientiousness, followed by neuroticism and agreeableness. In return, the strongest negative impact was extroversion, followed by openness. The strongest positive impact of individual factors on MWL and posture was BMI, followed by work experience.ConclusionGender, BMI, neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness can be strong predictors for musculoskeletal discomforts which can mediate the impact of body posture and mental workload (mediating factors) on musculoskeletal discomfort. Therefore, personality and individual traits can be strong alarming and indicators for risk identification and preventing musculoskeletal disorders when choosing people for a job or task.