Impact Of Tax Policy Research Articles

Impact of tax policy on innovation activity in the Russian Federation

Impact of tax policy on innovation activity in the Russian Federation

Impact of tax policy in sub-Saharan territories on Moroccan FDI: An econometric cointegrating panel modelling experiment

Since the 2000s, inflows of FDI into sub-Saharan countries from Morocco have increased significantly in the context of south-south cooperation and the economic integration of Morocco in its African continent. However, the volume of Moroccan FDI flows to sub-Saharan territories differs from one country to another, and this is explained by the heterogeneity of the factors of localization of FDI, including the fiscal policy of these countries, which constitutive an important determinant of the attractiveness of FDI alongside socio-political-economic conditions. Therefore, This work raises the question on the contribution of the fiscal policy of the countries of sub-Saharan Africa on the attractiveness of Moroccan foreign direct investment (FDI) using the econometric methodology to study this impact and particularly the co-integration approach with dynamic panel data for the period 2004-2017. The result confirms the evidence of the co-integration of the panel between FDI and the variables of fiscal policy. As a result, we found that Moroccan inward FDI is influenced positively by the tax payment score and negatively by the tax rate on profits. However, the effects of the tax burden and the total tax rate are not identified.

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Taxation provides the country's national economy with financial resources, but there is a problem of the effectiveness of approaches and optimization of taxation of individuals. The article is devoted to the study of the mechanism for optimizing the taxation of individuals in the national economy of Ukraine with the aim of developing economic measures to enhance the efficiency and optimization of taxation of individuals. Research methods: analysis and synthesis methods were applied in determining the nature of taxation of individuals. In the analysis of the historical development of the taxation process, the historical method is used. To build models for the formation of tax rates, as well as budget revenues, we will offer a two-step PUF data processing algorithm. The scheme of the mechanism for optimizing the taxation of individuals in the national economy of Ukraine is developed. The scheme of the mechanism included the following blocks: environmental assessments, studies of the impact of the tax system on the market distribution of income, the formation of an effective tax system and increasing the progressiveness of taxes, the block facilitating the taxation of personal income and social transfers for economic growth by increasing the efficiency and fairness of labor income tax and capital, the impact of tax policy on the dynamism and productivity of the business, including supporting investment and innovation, and improving the development of the economy and the block increasing tax potential and enhancing the effectiveness of tax administration through international cooperation. Based on the phasing of the dynamics of tax revenues of developed countries of the world, economic measures have been developed to enhance the efficiency and optimization of taxation of individuals in the tax system of the national economy. They consist of strengthening the prognostic part of assessing the effectiveness of taxation of individuals, strengthening the assessment of the effectiveness of administering the tax system and the formation of an effective tax rate.

The impact of tax policy on social development in Vietnam

The impact of tax policy on social development in Vietnam

ВЛИЯНИЕ НАЛОГОВ НА ИНФЛЯЦИЮ

The article discusses the impact of tax policy of the Russian Federation on inflation. Growth in inflation negatively affects the Russian budget, consumer demand and corporate activity. In turn, this negatively affects the amount of tax revenues and their collection. Since fiscal policy as a whole functions as a regulator of government spending and taxes, using its methods it is possible to purposefully regulate inflationary pro-cesses. Correct use of fiscal policy instruments leads to a stable, balanced growth of the economy and living standards of the population.

Impact of tax policy on the economy of regions

Impact of tax policy on the economy of regions

Considerations on the impact of tax policy on cigarette sales and consumption in Brazil.

Considerations on the impact of tax policy on cigarette sales and consumption in Brazil.

The Impact Of Tax Policy On Social Development In Algeria

The Impact Of Tax Policy On Social Development In Algeria

Application of Agent Based Simulation to analyze the impact of tax policy on soybean supply chain

This work seeks to explore and demonstrate the use of Agent Based Simulations (ABS) in modelling and simulating supply chains. Such methodology was applied to develop a model to evaluate the impact of current tax policies in soy supply chain in Brazil. The model brought interesting insights on how the country’s current tax structure induces logistics and tributary trade-offs, therefore generating a suboptimal grain distribution. This is accomplished by going through the conception and implementation of an Agent Based Model. First there is the definition and delimitation of the main agents acting upon soy’s supply chain, such as producers, trader and consumers. Those agents then have their behaviors studied and translated into programable patterns. Finally, the model considers the environmental interactions with the mentioned players, including the effects of infrastructure capacities, transportation costs, storage costs and tax legislation. After quantitative and behavioral validation, the simulation is then able to mimic the actual allocation of corn, soy and soymeal productions in their respective supply chains. This would allow inferring how the system could work in different tax conditions, thus quantifying the tributary impact in terms of congestions, idle infrastructure and delays. The analysis of such results points out that a path dependant tax system may induce agents to opt for inefficient logistic solutions, if such alternatives are cheaper when taking taxes into account. From those simulations it is possible to conclude that there are opportunities for supply chain efficiency gains in the design of a new tax policy.

Dividend Capture on the Ex-dividend Day: Evidence from Vietnamese Stock Market

Vietnamese stock market is a promising laboratory to investigate the ex-day behaviour of stock price due to its special features: Firstly, the market uses periodic call auction mechanism for determining both opening and closing prices and there is no market maker. Secondly, tick size is much smaller than dividend amount. These imply that market microstructure theories are not applicable explanations. Thirdly, unlike many markets’ taxation of capital gains and dividends, there is no considerably preferential treatment of capital gains to dividends. Finally, short-selling is prohibited. Comparing the observed values of price drop to dividend ratio and their expected values under the impact of tax policy, we find that tax treatment fails to explain the anomaly in the research framework. The research findings show that abnormal returns are significantly positive and negative in the pre- and the post ex-dividend day periods, respectively. Moreover, regression results and relevant analysis show supporting evidence for dividend capture theory.

Determinants of effective Tax Rate of the top 45 Largest listed companies of Indonesia

The capital inflows and outflows of a country are closely related to the established tax rate policy. Tax rate is one of important factors in investment decisions. Evidence that there are variations in effective tax rates amongs firms draw attention of researchers to understand the impact of tax policies on corporate tax burdens (Gupta and Newberry, 1997; Molloy, 1998). Effective tax rate is a dependent variable that is commonly used as a proxy to measure corporate tax burden. This study examined corporate effective tax rates (ETRs) of the top 45 largest listed companies of Indonesia within 2009-2014 (after tax reform of 2008, to be exact). We used two types of ETR1 and ETR2 measures as dependent variables. The first type is the ratio of current income tax expense divided by income before interest and taxes and the second type is the ratio of total income tax expense (current tax expense plus deferred tax expense) divided by income before interest and taxes (Noor et al. 2008).We also used some of independent variables related to firms’characteristics, such as firm size, capital intensity, leverage, returns on assets, and inventory intensity. The statistical results reveal that all independent variables contributed to ETR1 and ETR2 except the capital intensity is not contributed to ETR2. However, the findings provide support for the tax policy on corporate actual tax burdens.

Stability of a reaction–diffusion alcohol model with the impact of tax policy

To understand the impact of tax policy on the persistence of a drinking behavior, a reaction–diffusion alcohol model with the impact of tax policy is studied, with the focus on the positivity and boundedness of solutions and particularly the asymptotic profile of the equilibria. The basic reproduction number R0 is calculated, and existence of a drinking-free equilibrium and a unique drinking-present equilibrium is established for R0 above the threshold value 1. For both of ODE system and reaction–diffusion model, it is shown that the drinking-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if R0≤1, and if R0>1, we obtain a sufficient condition for global asymptotically stability of the drinking-present equilibrium. Numerical simulations are also provided to illustrate our analytical results.

Влияние налоговой политики на экономику регионов

Влияние налоговой политики на экономику регионов

Nonparametric Kernel Estimation of the Impact of Tax Policy on the Demand for Private Health Insurance in Australia

Nonparametric Kernel Estimation of the Impact of Tax Policy on the Demand for Private Health Insurance in Australia

Domestic Saving and Tax Structure: Evidence from Turkey

The impact of tax policy and tax structure on national saving level is an important question for both macroeconomic stabilization and growth purposes, for especially developing countries. This paper examines the impact of tax structure on domestic saving for Turkey through cointegration and vector error correction models from 1965-2011 annual data. The results indicate that there are unidirectional Granger causalities to domestic saving from variables on tax for short-run coefficients. For the long-run, taxes on income as a share of total tax revenue found to be having negative impact on domestic saving, while the ratio of consumption taxes to total tax revenue found to be having negative impact on domestic saving. While the results are consistent with theoretical literature, they may be expected to contribute to empirical discussion of design the tax policy on developing countries and Turkey where do not have enough empirical finding in the field.

Nonparametric Kernel Estimation of the Impact of Tax Policy on the Demand for Private Health Insurance in Australia

Nonparametric Kernel Estimation of the Impact of Tax Policy on the Demand for Private Health Insurance in Australia

The Top 1 Percent in International and Historical Perspective

The top 1 percent income share has more than doubled in the United States over the last 30 years, drawing much public attention in recent years. While other English-speaking countries have also experienced sharp increases in the top 1 percent income share, many high-income countries such as Japan, France, or Germany have seen much less increase in top income shares. Hence, the explanation cannot rely solely on forces common to advanced countries, such as the impact of new technologies and globalization on the supply and demand for skills. Moreover, the explanations have to accommodate the falls in top income shares earlier in the twentieth century experienced in virtually all high-income countries. We highlight four main factors. The first is the impact of tax policy, which has varied over time and differs across countries. Top tax rates have moved in the opposite direction from top income shares. The effects of top rate cuts can operate in conjunction with other mechanisms. The second factor is a richer view of the labor market, where we contrast the standard supply-side model with one where pay is determined by bargaining and the reactions to top rate cuts may lead simply to a redistribution of surplus. Indeed, top rate cuts may lead managerial energies to be diverted to increasing their remuneration at the expense of enterprise growth and employment. The third factor is capital income. Overall, private wealth (relative to income) has followed a U-shaped path over time, particularly in Europe, where inherited wealth is, in Europe if not in the United States, making a return. The fourth, little investigated, element is the correlation between earned income and capital income, which has substantially increased in recent decades in the United States.

Changing Tax Rates Impacts on the Risk Level of Vietnam Construction Material Firms

The Viet Nam stock market has been affected by the financial crisis 2007-2009. This study analyzes the impacts of tax policy on market risk for the listed firms in the construction material industry as it becomes necessary. First, by using quantitative and analytical methods to estimate asset and equity beta of total 57 listed companies in Viet Nam construction material industry with a proper traditional model, we found out that the beta values, in general, for many companies are acceptable. Second, under 3 different scenarios of changing tax rates (20%, 25% and 28%), we recognized that there is not large disperse in equity beta values, estimated at 0,957, 1,011 and 0,961.These values are lower than those of the listed VN construction firms. Third, by changing tax rates in 3 scenarios (25%, 20% and 28%), we recognized equity /asset beta mean and asset beta var increase if tax rate increases from 20% to 25%, then decrease when tax rate goes up from 25% to 28%. Finally, this paper provides some outcomes

The Impact of Tax Policies on Living Organ Donations in the United States

In an effort to increase living organ donation, fifteen states passed tax deductions and one a tax credit to help defray potential medical, lodging and wage loss costs between 2004 and 2008. To assess the impact of these policies on living donation rates, we used a differences-in-differences strategy that compares the pre- and postlegislation change in living donations in states that passed legislation against the same change in those states that did not. We found no statistically significant effect of these tax policies on donation rates. Furthermore, we found no evidence of any lagged effects, differential impacts by gender, race or donor relationship, or impacts on deceased donation. Possible hypotheses to explain our findings are: the cash value of the tax deduction may be too low to defray costs faced by donors, lack of public awareness about the existence of these policies, and that states that were proactive enough to pass tax policy laws may have already depleted donor pools with previous interventions.

English

Government continuously operates with revenues below expenditures and taxation is increasingly becoming a sensitive political and economic tool to be relied upon as an instrument for revenue generation and economic growth. This study seeks to examine the impact of tax policy and donor inflows on economic growth in Malawi from 1970 to 2010 using data envelope analysis (DEA) and transcendental logarithm (Translog). In doing the Translog, the study employed the Engle and Yoo three step estimation process. Data analyzed shows that consumption taxes have on average contributed 60.0% to total tax revenue while income taxes take up 40.0%. Tax burden has ranged from 11.0% in the 1970s to around 16.0% in 2010. Results of the study show that a 1.0% decrease in tax burden can raise economic growth by 0.8% in Malawi while a similar reduction in collection of taxes through expenditure can raise growth by 0.6%. Another finding is that economic growth rises by 0.3% for a 10.0% rise in foreign grants. The study therefore finds that reduction in tax burden is more potent in influencing economic growth than fine tuning the proportion in which income and consumption taxes are collected in Malawi. Furthermore, a complete reversal in donor funding will reduce economic growth by 3.0%.