Impact Of Social Relationships Research Articles

Companion animals and child development outcomes: longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of a UK birth cohort study

BackgroundResearch into the impact of social relationships on childhood and adolescent health and wellbeing has been largely limited to children’s relationships with other humans, while studies into the impact of pet ownership are sparse and have generally not adjusted for potential confounders. This study aimed to investigate the association between pet ownership and a range of developmental outcomes in childhood and adolescence.MethodsData were self-reports and direct assessments of approx. 14,000 children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Multivariable regression models adjusting for confounding factors examined associations between developmental outcome measures (emotional health, behavioural development, cognitive development, language development, educational attainment) and concurrent pet ownership, including species, and also longitudinal pet ownership history and pet-interaction where possible. Analyses model numbers using multiple imputation varied from n = 393–8963.ResultsIn cross-sectional analyses, owning a dog (b = 0.24, [0.06–0.41], p = .004) and owning other/miscellaneous pets (b = 0.18, [0.03–0.33], p = .021) at age 3 were associated with higher prosocial behaviour score. Owning a pet was associated with a higher non-verbal communication score at age 2 (cross-sectional, b = 0.18, [0.04–0.32], p = .014), and a higher language development score at age 5 (cross-sectional, b = 1.01, [0.18–1.83], p = .017). However, pet ownership was associated with lower educational attainment across a number of academic subjects and timepoints, in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. It was also cross-sectionally linked to hyperactivity at age 3 and conduct problems at age 3 and 11. Furthermore, at age 8, cross-sectional analysis showed that children who owned any pets (OR [95% CI]: 0.85 [0.73–0.98], p= ·026) or cats (0.83, [0.73–0.95], p= ·006) had lower odds of high self-esteem (scholastic competence).ConclusionsUsing a large, well-designed longitudinal study and adjusting for key confounders, we found little evidence of cross-sectional or longitudinal associations between pet ownership and emotional health or cognitive outcomes in children. There may, however, be some cross-sectional and longitudinal association with poorer educational attainment and a positive impact on social interactions as seen through associations with enhanced language development and prosocial behaviour. This study demonstrates the importance of adjustment for confounding variables and suggests that, contrary to popular belief, positive impacts of pet ownership on childhood development may be mainly limited to social behaviour and language development.

Studying how social relationships affect peer assessment in an E-learning environment

Peer assessment has been widely studied as a replacement for traditional evaluation, not only by reducing the professor’s workload but mainly by benefiting students’ engagement and learning. Although several works successfully validate its accuracy and fairness, more research must be done on how students’ pre-existing social relationships affect the grades they give their peers in an e-learning course. We developed a Moodle plugin to provide the platform with peer assessment capabilities in forums and used it on an MSc course. The plugin curated the reviewer set for a post based on the author’s relationships and included rubrics to counter the possible interpersonal effects of peer assessment. Results confirm that peer assessment is reliable and accurate for works with at least three peer assessments, although students’ grades are slightly higher. The impact of social relationships is noticeable when students who do not like another colleague peer grade their work consistently lower than students with whom they have a positive connection. However, this has little influence on the final aggregate peer grade. Our findings show that peer assessment can replace traditional evaluation in an e-learning environment where students are familiar with each other.

Sex differences in the impact of social relationships on individual vocal signatures in grey mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus).

Vocalizations coordinate social interactions between conspecifics by conveying information concerning the individual or group identity of the sender. Social accommodation is a form of vocal learning where social affinity is signalled by converging or diverging vocalizations with those of conspecifics. To investigate whether social accommodation is linked to the social lifestyle of the sender, we investigated sex-specific differences in social accommodation in a dispersed living primate, the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), where females form stable sleeping groups whereas males live solitarily. We used 482 trill calls of 36 individuals from our captive breeding colony to compare acoustic dissimilarity between individuals with genetic relatedness, social contact time and body weight. Our results showed that female trills become more similar the more time females spend with each other, independent of genetic relationship, suggesting vocal convergence. In contrast, male trills were affected more by genetic than social factors. However, focusing only on socialized males, increasing time as cage partners caused greater divergence in males' trills. Thus, grey mouse lemurs show the capacity for social accommodation, with females converging their trills to signal social closeness to sleeping group partners, whereas males do not adapt or diverge their trills to signal individual distinctiveness. This article is part of the theme issue 'The power of sound: unravelling how acoustic communication shapes group dynamics'.

The quality of social relationships with students, mentor teachers and fellow student teachers and their role in the development of student teachers’ emotions in the practicum

The emotional well-being of individuals is largely dependent on the quality of their social relationships, as acknowledged by self-determination theory and the belongingness hypothesis. While the significance of high-quality relationships for teachers has received increasing attention in empirical research, little is known about the impact of social relationships on student teachers' emotions in the practicum, especially from a quantitative perspective and considering multiple relationship qualities simultaneously. Research on this topic is highly topical as emotions have been found to be important drivers both for professional behaviour in the classroom and professionalisation processes in general. Against this backdrop, our study examined how the quality of social relationships between students in class, mentor teachers, and fellow student teachers influences the development of emotional experiences of student teachers in a school practicum. We conducted an online survey with 203 Austrian student teachers studying secondary education, inquiring about their emotional experiences and social relationships before and after their practicum. The results revealed that the quality of relationships with students in class was the most influential factor determining changes in student teachers’ emotional states during their practicum. These findings emphasise the importance of cultivating positive relationships with students in the classroom, especially during the school practicum in teacher education.

“You never farm alone”: Farmer land-use decisions influenced by social relations

ContextFarmer land-use decisions are commonly explained and predicted by socio-demographic, economic, ecological, and psychological factors. However, these models explain only part of the empirical data without accounting for the effect of social relations. ObjectiveThis study aimed at exploring the effect of social relations on farmer land-use decisions using the status-power theory of relations. We hypothesised that farmer land-use decisions are driven by the need to comply with requirements of their salient reference groups, such as family, government, and spiritual beings. MethodsWe undertook a case study in the Mt. Kenya region where we conducted individual interviews and focus group discussions among smallholder farmers. We then used chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) to explore influence of social relations on land-use practices. Results and conclusionsReported social relations were diverse and accounted for land-use decisions that could not be explained by socio-demographic, economic or ecological factors. The results showed that a farmer seemed more likely to choose a land-use option if he/she believed his/her salient reference groups would be pleased with the option. Reconciling social relations with other factors such as farmer's socio-demographic factors and geographic location also had a significant effect on the results. SignificanceInsights into the impact of social relations in farmer land-use decisions can explain the often-heterogeneous decisions and can complement the economic analysis that is the conventional focus in analysis of farmer decisions. An understanding of the effects of social relations can strengthen development of policies that motivate implementation of more sustainable agriculture options.

The Impact of Psychological Health on Childhood Obesity: A Cross-Developmental Stage Analysis

This research ventures into the critical public health challenge of childhood obesity by exploring the dynamic interplay between psychological well-being and Body Mass Index (BMI) throughout various developmental stages of childhood. It delves into how emotional regulation, attachment dynamics, and social relationships correlate with obesity from early childhood to adolescence. Highlighting key findings, such as the negative correlation between psychological resilience and higher BMI in young children, the impact of social relationships on obesity risk during pre-adolescence, and the link between adaptive emotional strategies and higher BMI in adolescents, this study brings to the fore the nuanced relationship between psychological factors and obesity. Psychological metrics in this study were obtained via referenced questionnaires, leading up to the utilization of the interdisciplinary process of bioinformatics. Utilizing the interdisciplinary process of bioinformatics, this research synergizes psychometric and biomedical data to unearth psychological markers critical for crafting targeted, age-appropriate interventions. This study advocates for a holistic healthcare approach, emphasizing the integration of psychological support within obesity prevention and management strategies, thereby underscoring the indispensable role of psychological factors in the fight against childhood obesity. The application of bioinformatics methods to analyze complex datasets demonstrates how collaboration across medical specialties can enrich our understanding and response to childhood obesity, contributing significantly to the development of comprehensive, bioinformatics-enhanced healthcare solutions.

Impact of Social Relationships on Consumption Behavior among High School Students

Impact of Social Relationships on Consumption Behavior among High School Students

AI 디지털교과서에 대한 예비교사의 사용의도 및 인식 분석

Objectives Ministry of Education is promoting the development and introduction of AI digital textbooks as one of its measures for digital-based educational innovation. Changes in teachers' behavior are crucial for educational innovation, and the success or failure of policies will be influenced by pre-service teachers' perception of AI digital textbooks. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pre-service teachers' intention to use of AI digital textbooks and identify the factors that affect their acceptance of this innovation, in order to determine how to increase the actual cceptance among pre-service teachers.
 Methods Based on the Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model, hypothesis model of the study was proposed by adding variables such as subjective norms, compatibility, and innovativeness. To verify the hypothesis model, an online survey was conducted on 189 pre-service teachers to investigate their intention of use and perception of AI digital textbooks, and multiple regression analysis was conducted based on the survey results.
 Results The regression model, which examines the relationship between perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, compatibility, subjective norm, and intention to use, was found to explain 63.3% of the variance in intention to use. Perceived usefulness, compatibility, and subjective norm demonstrated a statistically significant influence on the intention to use. Contrarily, no significant effect of perceived ease of use and innovation on the intention to use was found.
 Conclusions The conclusion of this study is as follows. First, rather than emphasizing the convenience of AI digital textbooks, promoting awareness of their usefulness for improving teaching and learning can contribute to the wider adoption of AI digital textbooks. Second, given the impact of social relations on pre-service teachers, it is imperative to provide support to enable teachers to engage in discussions about AI digital textbooks and their integration into teaching and learning plans. Third, promoting the use of AI digital textbooks to teachers can be achieved by effectively conveying the necessity and value of personalized education to be realized through them.

The Impact of Network Status Resources on Health: Moderation by Cultural

The article is devoted to such a problem as the impact of social relations on people’s health. One of the directions in researching this issue is linked to analyzing social capital — network resources available to an individual to solve everyday problems. The conceptual basis of the research is the theory of positional network capital by N. Lin, according to which being acquainted to persons with high professional status provides an individual with access to resources that are vital for one’s health and improves its condition. Previous studies conducted in certain countries in different parts of the world generally confirm this theoretical assumption, but it remains unclear why the impact of social capital varies across countries and whether this is due to contextual factors of their socio-economic development and cultural characteristics. To clarify these issues, survey data from the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) 2017 for 30 countries and information (statistical and aggregated) about the differences between them were used. The results of verifying the theoretical ideas about the dependence of state of health on the network resources available to an individual demonstrated that status resources really play an important role in contributing to preserving one’s health. It was also shown that the impact of status and social capital on health depends on the cultural context and is more clearly manifested when trust in other people is widespread in society.

A cascade information diffusion prediction model integrating topic features and cross-attention

Information cascade prediction is a crucial task in social network analysis. However, previous research has only focused on the impact of social relationships on cascade information diffusion, while ignoring the differences caused by the characteristics of cascade information itself, which limits the performance of prediction results. We propose a novel cascade information diffusion prediction model (Topic-HGAT). Firstly, we extract features from different topic features to enhance the learned cascade information representation. To better implement this method, we use hypergraphs to better characterize cascade information and dynamically learn multiple diffusion sub-hypergraphs according to the time process; secondly, we introduce cross-attention mechanisms to learn each other's feature representations from the perspectives of both user representation and cascade representation, thereby achieving deep fusion of the two features. This solves the problem of poor feature fusion effect caused by simply calculating self-attention on learned user representation and cascade representation in previous studies; finally, we conduct comparative experiments on four real datasets, including Twitter and Douban. Experimental results show that the proposed Topic-HGAT model achieves the highest improvements of 2.91% and 1.59% on Hits@100 and MAP@100 indicators, respectively, compared to other 8 baseline models, verifying the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed Topic-HGAT model.

The impact of social relations on Job performance in government institutions

The aim of this study is to find out the effect of social relationships among employees of public institutions on the performance of their duties, as well as to present the level of social relationships of employees inside and outside the institutions. Then, based on the data obtained from the survey of 270 units, and then analyzed the data with statistical tools, it was concluded that informal social relationships have an impact on the performance of employees. There are also differences between men and women in the level of social relationships of employees outside the institutions.

The Impact of Social Relationships on College Student Learning during the Pandemic: Implications for Sociologists

This article uses survey data gathered in fall 2020 and spring 2021 from students at a public, midwestern university to explore the factors affecting self-reports of learning during the pandemic. The consistent finding is that social relationships—support from professors and connections to peers—are critical. The impact of social relationships on learning is statistically significant even when other factors that have received much attention during the pandemic, including self-reports of mental health, technology access, and financial worries, are taken into account. The implications of these findings for our work as sociology teachers during and after the pandemic and for our departmental activities are highlighted.

Impact of offspring and their educational level on readmission and death among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a nationwide cohort study using multistate survival models

BackgroundIt is well described that there is social inequality in the disease course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the impact of social relations is less explored. We aimed...

Social network typologies moderate the association of loneliness with depressive symptomatology in middle-aged and older adults.

Depression remains among the most prevalent mental disorders, and it severely affects daily functioning and quality of life. There has been extensive research reporting on the impact of social relationships on depression, but much of this research has only considered isolated aspects of relationships. This study derived social network types based on the multiple components of social relationships, and then investigated their effects on depressive symptoms. Using samples of 620 adults (Mage = 53.52), Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was conducted to uncover network types based on the structural (network size, contact frequency, marital status, and social engagement), functional (levels of support and conflict), and qualitative (satisfaction with relationships) aspects of social relationships. Multiple regressions were used to test if distinct network types directly impact on depressive symptoms and whether network types moderate the association of loneliness (perceived social isolation) with depressive symptoms. LPA identified four distinct network types (diverse, family-focused, friend-focused, and restricted) and there were significant differences in depressive symptoms among four network types. Analysis using the BCH method showed that individuals in the restricted network type had the highest depressive symptoms, followed in order by individuals in the friend-focused, family-focused, and diverse network types. Regression results further indicated that an individual's network network type membership was significantly associated with depressive symptoms, and being in the diverse and family-focused network types alleviated the negative effect of loneliness on depressive symptoms. The results suggest that both quantitative and qualitative aspects of social relationships are important in buffering against the adverse effect of loneliness on depressive symptoms. These findings underscore the utility of taking a multi-dimensional approach to uncover heterogeneity in the social networks of adults and their implications on depression.

Pola Komunikasi di Media Sosial dan Dampaknya terhadap Hubungan Sosial antar Perguruan Pencak Silat di Madiun

Communication is essential not only in personal communication but also in organizational and group contexts. Organizational communication occurs vertically, horizontally, and across channels. The Paguyuban Kampung Pesilat in Madiun is a way to build social ties. It has been approved by 14 pencak silat colleges in the city and supported by the government and TNI/POLRI security forces. Pencak silat is one of the nation's cultural treasures that must be preserved. Even pencak silat itself has contributed to the process of Indonesian independence. This research aims to: (1). what is the communication pattern on social media towards social relations between martial arts colleges? (2). what is the impact of social relations between martial arts colleges on social media and in the real world? This research aims to find out the communication patterns of social relations between martial arts colleges on social media. The research methodology used is a qualitative explanation which aims to explain the position of the variables studied and the relationship between one variable and another. In contrast, the data collection techniques used are interviews, document studies, observations and literature studies. The theory used is the theory of organizational communication Horrison and Doerfel, Persuasive Communication and S-O-R Theory Studies. It can be said through the theory's assumption that "Communication is a key variable that makes it possible to build relationships in an organization and interact and share information". The results of this study indicate that organizational communication has a vital role in improving social relations between martial arts colleges in Dimadiun. The pattern of organizational communication towards martial arts colleges in Madiun is the formation of a paguyuban kampung pesilat as a place to improve social relations and efforts to overcome conflicts that continue to occur every year.

Research on the influence of social relations on social enterprise performance: The mediating role of business model innovation

With the development of the social economy, social problems are becoming increasingly prominent. Solving social problems only by the government and public welfare organizations is difficult. Social enterprises offer opportunities for sustainable solutions to social problems; however, social enterprises generally face the problem of poor performance. Although previous studies provide some clues on the impact of social relations on social enterprise performance, whether social relations impact performance remains unknown, and the mechanism remains unclear. Based on resource-based theory, our study proposes the role of business model innovation as the intervening mechanism. Market information management capability enhances the positive effect of social relations on business model innovation. The findings from a survey of 198 Chinese social enterprises show that social relations have a significant positive impact on economic performance and social performance and that business model innovation plays a mediating role between social relations and performance. Market information management capability plays a positive moderating role between social relations and business model innovation. The research results enrich the research on the influencing factors of social enterprise performance, reveal the influencing mechanism and boundary conditions of social relations on social enterprise performance, and propose effective practical measures for improving social enterprise performance.

Adaptive social recommendation combined with the multi-domain influence

Social relationships help to model user’s potential preferences and improve recommendation accuracy. In social recommendation, user decision-making will be affected by his own historical interaction items and social friends. Most social recommendations consider these two aspects separately, but users are also driven by both when making decisions. To address the above issue, this paper proposes an adaptive social recommendation method based on attention mechanism, Adaptive Social Recommendation combine with Multi-domain influence (ASRM). Specifically, we defined three domains, item domain, social domain, and common domain to measure the possible impact of social relations and item interactions on users. We propose an adaptive attention module to simulate users being influenced by social relations and historical interaction items in these three domains, and obtain user’s potential preferences. In addition, we jointly optimize by calculating the loss of each domain, resulting in more accurate recommendations. A large number of experiments on three real datasets have demonstrated the effectiveness of our method. The code is available at https://github.com/qinkaili/ASRM.

The Emergence of Interorganizational Networks: A Pluralistic Perspective

Despite the recent attention of management scholars towards the pluralistic and multilevel nature of interorganizational relationships and networks, we still have a limited account of the initial moment of network emergence and its impact on subsequent network evolution. I seek to shed some light on this point through a reinterpretation of a classic model of network formation to investigate the emergence of an interorganizational network from a pluralistic point of view: the existence of an underlying network of social interactions influences the genesis of a business network. Results of the model indicate that an underlying social level of interaction can play an enabling but also a detrimental role, in terms of architectures, dynamics and performance of the business network. Positive social exchanges favor multiplexity, while previous negative connections impede it, making it more difficult to obtain inclusive architectures. Social relationships mediate environmental conditions, and influence trajectories of network evolution in both a serendipitous and a path-dependent way, posing challenges to the governance of the network. The impact of social relationships on business ones is particularly relevant in terms of the interorganizational network performance, which is complexly shaped by both the density of the social ties and their strength, with a complementary effect at the network level but a substitutive effect at the ego level.

Social relationships, homelessness, and substance use among emergency department patients

Background: Emergency department (ED) patients commonly experience both substance use and homelessness, and social relationships impact each in varied ways not fully captured by existing quantitative research. This qualitative study examines how social relationships can precipitate or ameliorate homelessness and the connection (if any) between substance use and social relationships among ED patients experiencing homelessness. Methods: As part of a broader study to develop ED-based homelessness prevention interventions, we conducted in-depth interviews with 25 ED patients who used alcohol or drugs and had recently become homeless. We asked patients about the relationship between their substance use and homelessness. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded line-by-line by investigators. Final codes formed the basis for thematic analysis through consensus discussions. Results: Social relationships emerged as focal points for understanding the four major themes related to the intersection of homelessness and substance use: (1) Substance use can create strain in relationships; (2) Help is there until it’s not; (3) Social relationships can create challenges contributing to substance use; and (4) Reciprocal relationship of substance use and isolation. Sub-themes were also identified and described. Conclusions: The association between substance use and homelessness is multifaceted and social relationships are a complex factor linking the two. Social relationships are often critical for homelessness prevention, but they are impacted by and reciprocally affect substance use. ED-based substance use interventions should consider the high prevalence of homelessness and the impact of social relationships on the interaction between homelessness and substance use.

Ethnic identity commitment and socioemotional well-being among Latinx-origin college students: The influence of maternal and peer relationships

Purpose: Considerable research has noted the association between ethnic identity commitment, which refers to a positive affirmation, sense of belonging and heightened level of engagement to one’s ethnic group, and indices of well-being, but less is known in terms of factors that can explain this link. Research Design: The current study explored the relationship between ethnic identity commitment and indices of well-being, the mediating role of social relationships, and the moderating roles of gender and immigrant generation status. Study Sample: A sample of 707 Latinx college students (79% female, 21% male, M age = 19.08 years, SD age = 1.17, Range: 17.00–25.00) reported on ethnic identity commitment, maternal and peer relationship quality, self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. Results: Results suggested that ethnic identity commitment was positively associated with socioemotional well-being. Although both types of relationships were significant mediators on their own, maternal relationship quality had a greater influence. Furthermore, gender and immigrant generation status were not significant moderators of these indirect effects. Conclusions: Findings indicate that committing to one’s ethnic identity enhances socioemotional well-being. They also demonstrate the complex interplay of social relationships and the enduring influence of maternal relationships during early adulthood. Results support the development of efforts geared toward facilitating ethnic identity commitment as well as leveraging the impact of social relationships in a manner that supports Latinx individuals.