Impact Of Phototherapy Research Articles

Impact of Phototherapy on Childhood Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Neonatal phototherapy is a widely used and generally safe short-term treatment. This review aims to explore the association between phototherapy and the risk of childhood neoplasia. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted, including cohort or case-control studies that investigated this association. Bias and certainty assessments were performed, utilizing the DerSimonian-Laird model for random-effects analyses. Publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot, with adjustments made through the trim-and-fill method. A total of 15 studies from nine countries were included, encompassing 7,842,858 individuals, of whom 4.8% received neonatal phototherapy The findings, rated at a medium level of evidence, indicated that those who underwent phototherapy had a 19% increased risk of developing any cancer (HR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.07-1.32; I² = 0.0%; T² = 0.00). The risk was 22% for hematopoietic malignancies (HR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.00-1.50) and 31% for leukemia (HR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.26-1.53), with no significant association found for solid tumors, brain tumors, or lymphomas. Moreover, those receiving phototherapy had 44% greater odds of developing any neoplasm (OR 1.44; 95% CI = 1.07-1.93). Despite limitations regarding dosage, duration, and shared risk factors in patients receiving phototherapy, the treatment should be administered according to guidelines to minimize unnecessary exposure.

An interventional cross-sectional study of electrolyte levels in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia before and after phototherapy in a tertiary care hospital in central India

Introduction This study protocol outlines a comprehensive investigation into the impact of phototherapy on electrolyte levels in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia. With a focus on neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and AVBR Hospital, Sawangi, Wardha, Central India, the research aims to contribute valuable insights into the physiological changes associated with this common neonatal condition. The study’s introduction highlights the rationale, significance, and gaps in current knowledge, emphasising the need for a detailed exploration of electrolyte dynamics before and after phototherapy. Method The methodology involves a descriptive, interventional cross-sectional design with a calculated sample size of 264 neonates. Standardised protocols for data collection, including serum electrolyte analysis and urine-specific gravity assessment, will be employed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria are clearly defined to ensure a homogenous study population. Statistical analyses, utilising R Studio 4.3.1 will encompass descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, correlation analysis, and multivariate analysis to explore the nuanced relationships between variables. Rigorous ethical considerations and transparency in reporting will guide the data collection process. Expected Result Anticipated outcomes include a nuanced understanding of changes in serum electrolyte levels following phototherapy and the correlation of these changes with the treatment duration. The study is poised to shed light on the impact of gestational age and birth weight on electrolyte responses. Through rigorous statistical analysis, the research aims to provide evidence-based insights that can inform neonatal care protocols. The anticipated findings hold the potential to influence clinical practices, enhancing the quality of care provided to newborns with hyperbilirubinemia undergoing phototherapy.

The impact of phototherapy on itch intensity and itch-related quality of life amongst different skin diseases, skin phototypes and genders - A prospective study with 102 patients.

Phototherapy is a mainstay to treat itchy conditions. However, only little is known about differences in the antipruritic effect of phototherapy amongst different skin conditions, phototypes and genders. In this prospective, single-center study, we analyzed the effect of phototherapy on itch intensity and itch-related quality of life amongst these subgroups after a treatment duration of 4 weeks, while on-demand treatment with topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors and/or antihistamines was allowed. Of 102 patients (age 53.0 ± 18.7, 56 females [54.9%]), 72 (78.3%) reported a significant reduction of itch intensity by Δ -2.76 on a 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), p = <.001, 95% CI [2.2; 3.3] paralleled by a significant improvement of itch-related quality of life as measured by the German version of the ItchyQoL by Δ 7.3, p = <.001, 95% CI [4.4; 11.6]. The best improvement of itch intensity and itch-related QoL was reported by patients with pruritus on non-diseased skin (ΔNRS -3.5; Δ 9.7 Ger-ItchyQoL points), followed by patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. We found no statistical differences in the response to phototherapy amongst Fitzpatrick phototypes I-VI. Women had higher itch intensities at baseline but itch-related quality of life impairment at baseline and phototherapy treatment response did not significantly differ between genders. Phototherapy appears to induce a meaningful itch reduction in various itchy skin conditions, all phototypes and both genders within 4 weeks that directly translates into improvement of itch-related quality of life.

Aspects of Antiviral Strategies Based on Different Phototherapy Approaches: Hit by the Light.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which caused the COVID-19 pandemic spreading around the world from late 2019, served as a ruthless reminder of the threat viruses pose to global public health. The synthesis of new antiviral drugs, as well as repurposing existing products, is a long-term ongoing process which has challenged the scientific community. One solution could be an effective, accessible, and rapidly available antiviral treatment based on phototherapy (PT). PT has been used to treat several diseases, and relies on the absorption of light by endogenous molecules or exogenous photosensitizers (PS). PT has often been used in cancer treatment and prophylaxis, and as a complement to established chemotherapy and immunotherapy in combined therapeutic strategy. Besides significant applications in anticancer treatment, studies have demonstrated the beneficial impact of PT on respiratory, systemic, emerging, and oncogenic viral infections. The aim of this review was to highlight the potential of PT to combat viral infections by summarizing current progress in photodynamic, photothermal, and photoacoustic approaches. Attention is drawn to the virucidal effect of PT on systemic viruses such as the human immunodeficiency virus and human herpes viruses, including the causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma, human herpes virus (HHV8). PT has good potential for disinfection in anti-norovirus research and against pandemic viruses like SARS-CoV-2.

The Impact of Phototherapy on the Accuracy of Transcutaneous Bilirubin Measurements in Neonates: Optimal Measurement Site and Timing

Transcutaneous bilirubinometer devices are widely applied to assess neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. However, the optimal skin site and timing of transcutaneous bilirubin (TCB) measurements for the strongest correlation with total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels after phototherapy are still unclear. We conducted a retrospective observational study evaluating the correlation of TCB and TSB levels in neonates postphototherapy. The TCB measurements on the forehead and mid-sternum at 0 and 30 min postphototherapy were assessed by using a JM-103 bilirubinometer. Paired TCB and TSB measurements were assessed by Pearson correlation and Bland–Altman plots. We analyzed 40 neonates with 96 TSB and 384 TCB measurements. The TSB level correlated moderately with the forehead TCB level at 30 min postphototherapy (r = 0.65) and less strongly with the midsternum TCB level at 0 min postphototherapy (r = 0.52). The forehead at 30 min after cessation of phototherapy was the best time point and location of TCB measurement for the assessment of neonatal jaundice status. The reliability of TCB measurements varied across skin sites and durations after phototherapy. The effectiveness of TCB measurement to assess neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is much better on covered skin areas (foreheads) 30 min postphototherapy. The appropriate application of transcutaneous bilirubinometers could aid in clinical practice and avoid unnecessary management.

17107 Analysis of cutaneous homeostasis and epidermal barrier functions in patients with psoriasis: Impact of phototherapy

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic multi-systemic inflammatory disease that affects epidermal barrier. Phototherapy is an option for treating psoriasis. There is scarce scientific evidence about changes in homeostasis and epidermal barrier produced by phototherapy in patients with psoriasis.

Impact of Phototherapy on Oxidative Stress Indices in Preterm Neonates with Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia

Background: Neonatal jaundice is one of the most common neonatal problems especially in preterm ones. Preterm babies are treated with different types of phototherapy. Preterm neonates have a weak antioxidant defense mechanism. Both the hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy have an impact on this antioxidant defense system. Objective: In the current study we aimed to assess the effect of hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy in the oxidant/antioxidant status of preterm newborns. Subjects and Methods: Thirty late preterm (≥35 weeks) neonates with non-hemolytic neonatal jaundice in the 3-9 days of life were involved in the preset study, and received phototherapy. 15 healthy neonates of the same gestational and postnatal age without jaundice were included as a control. We assessed the total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and oxidative stress index (OSI). Results: TOS and OSI were significantly higher (P<0.01); TAC level was significantly lower (P<0. 01); in jaundiced preterm neonates than in control group. Following phototherapy there were significant increase in TOS and OSI (P<0. 01) and decrease in TAC (P<0.001). Conclusions: Both hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy induce oxidative stress in preterm neonates. Recommendations: preterm neonates with significant hyperbilirubinemia benefits of phototherapy overwhelm the risks.

Impact of Phototherapy on Oxidative Stress Indices in Preterm Neonates with Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia

Background: Neonatal jaundice is one of the most common neonatal problems especially in preterm ones. Preterm babies are treated with different types of phototherapy. Preterm neonates have a weak antioxidant defense mechanism. Both the hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy have an impact on this antioxidant defense system. Objective: In the current study we aimed to assess the effect of hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy in the oxidant/antioxidant status of preterm newborns. Subjects and Methods: Thirty late preterm (≥35 weeks) neonates with non-hemolytic neonatal jaundice in the 3-9 days of life were involved in the preset study, and received phototherapy. 15 healthy neonates of the same gestational and postnatal age without jaundice were included as a control. We assessed the total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and oxidative stress index (OSI). Results: TOS and OSI were significantly higher (P<0.01); TAC level was significantly lower (P<0. 01); in jaundiced preterm neonates than in control group. Following phototherapy there were significant increase in TOS and OSI (P<0. 01) and decrease in TAC (P<0.001). Conclusions: Both hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy induce oxidative stress in preterm neonates. Recommendations: preterm neonates with significant hyperbilirubinemia benefits of phototherapy overwhelm the risks.

The effect of compact fluorescent lamp and curcumin on wound healing in Wistar Rats

Background: Nowadays, the rapid recovery of skin lesions and functional return are among the goals of researchers. The skin is the first defensive barrier against microorganisms in the body and its failure causes infection to spread in all systems of the body. By taking into account the contradictory results of previous studies on the impact of phototherapy on wound healing and also the considerable anti-oxidative properties of curcumin, this novel study was carried out with the aim of determining the histopathological impact of compact fluorescent light (CFL) and curcumin on the process of wound healing. Methods: Forty-eight adult male wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. The control group received 2.0 ml of ethyl oleate, and the curcumin group received only 0.2 ml curcumin daily for 15 days via intraperitoneal injection. The fluorescent group received 0.2 ml of ethyl oleate daily for 15 days via intraperitoneal injection, and were exposed to CFL for 12 hours per day for 15 days. The curcumin plus fluorescent group received 0.2 ml curcumin daily for 15 days via intraperitoneal injection, and were exposed to CFL for 12 hours per day for 15 days. The size of the wound was measured by a scale ruler, and the morphology of the wound site was assessed. Results: The results of this study showed that the best percentage of repair was observed in the fluorescent group on days 6 and 15 (50±5 and 90±2, respectively), while the least repair was seen in the group receiving fluorescent plus curcumin (33±7). In the curcumin group, the wound healing was, not significantly (P=0.872) reduced on the sixth day, compared to the control group, whereas compared to the fluorescent and fluorescent plus curcumin groups, the reduction was significant (P?0.0001 and P=0.05, respectively). On the fifteenth day, however, the wound healing was significantly decreased in the curcumin group compared to the control and fluorescent groups (P?0.0001 and P?0.0001 respectively), while it was significantly increased compared to the fluorescent plus curcumin group (P?0.0001). In the fluorescent plud curcumin group, the wound healing was significantly reduced compared to the other groups on the fifteenth day (P?0.0001). Conclusion: Fluorescent alone resulted in wound healing, in contrast to the control and curcumin plus fluorescent groups. Accelerating the repair in this group is likely due to the increase in blood flow and helping the homeostasis to return to its primary state. The absence of wound healing in the curcumin group is probably due to the high dose of curcumin. Moreover, in the fluorescent plus curcumin group, the causes of no wound healing and weight loss were probably disorders in the inflammation process and spread of infection.

The impact of phototherapy in the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: comparison of historical cohorts

To quantitatively assess the impact of phototherapy (PT) in the prevention of kernicterus we calculated the rate of exchange transfusion (ET) in two large historical cohorts of Greek neonates (birthweight > or = 2.5 kg), one before (period I: 1957-61) and one after (period II: 1980-92) the introduction of PT. Overall, the introduction of PT was associated with a reduction of the rate of ET from 0.43% in period I to 0.05% in period II. The reduction was observed in all etiological categories but was more marked in the ABO-incompatible group. With an estimated rate of kernicterus without treatment of 0.085% (excluding rhesus hemolytic disease of the newborn and prematurity) we estimated that 4.2 and 0.36 infants were treated by ET for each spared kernicterus in periods I and II, respectively. Finally, in period II 185 infants were treated with PT or PT and ET for each spared kernicterus.