Impact Of Need Research Articles

Impacts of Need and Culture in Higher Education

This paper aims to further explore the impact of need and culture as they relate to orientation, training, development, and administrative policies on regional university adjunct faculty. The use of adjunct faculty has risen considerably over recent years making their university experience more relevant in today’s higher education climate. Adjunct faculty express the desire for orientation, training, and professional development. In addition, adjunct faculty find administrative policies extremely isolating in nature as they struggle to develop more meaningful relationships with other faculty, administrators, and students. While adjunct faculty have vast industry experience, they often lack extensive experience in higher education. Considering that adjunct faculty have such a tremendous impact on college students, how they feel about their higher education experience is of great concern. Adjunct faculty effectiveness suffers when they do not receive adequate orientation, training, and development. When adjunct faculty are isolated from the university due to the structure of administrative policy, they become less committed to the overarching goals of the organization and thus less committed to students.

College Student Alcohol Use: Understanding the Role of Alcohol Expectancies, Social Anxiety, Social Connectedness, and Need to Belong

Objective College students consume more alcohol and engage in binge drinking more frequently than their non-college attending peers, and prevalence of alcohol-related consequences (e.g., drinking and driving; taking avoidable risks) has not decreased proportionally with decreases in consumption. Social anxiety and alcohol expectancies, or beliefs about the effects of alcohol, have been found to be significantly related to alcohol use and account for significant variance in alcohol use and related consequences. Few studies, however, have examined how other social variables such as need to belong and social connectedness may fit into existing models of increased and risky alcohol use. Methods: Students at a large state university (n = 1,278) completed an online survey measuring alcohol expectancies, need to belong, social anxiety, and social connectedness. Mean age of participants was 19.65 years, and 59.5% self-identified as female, 39.8% male, and 0.7% identified as transgender. Structural equation modeling supported hypothesized relationships between need to belong, social anxiety, social connectedness, alcohol expectancies, and alcohol use, a mean centered variable that included binge drinking, drinking frequency, and amount of consumption. Results: Positive alcohol expectancies related to tension reduction, sociability, and sexuality, were positively related to drinking, such that increased alcohol expectancies were associated with increased drinking. Alcohol expectancies mediated the relationship between need to belong and increased alcohol use, as well as social connectedness and increased alcohol use. Similarly, social anxiety also mediated these relationships. No direct relationships were found between need to belong or social connectedness and alcohol use, suggesting previous research exploring these relationships may have excluded control variables (e.g., biological sex, race/ethnicity) that better explain the impact of need to belong and social connectedness on alcohol use. Conclusion: Prevention and intervention efforts might be more effective in reducing alcohol use if social factors are more broadly targeted.

At the roots of Allport’s “prejudice-prone personality”: The impact of need for cognitive closure on prejudice towards different outgroups and the mediating role of binding moral foundations

In line with the seminal ideas on the “prejudice-prone personality” provided by Allport (1954) in the book The Nature of Prejudice, various studies have highlighted the association between individuals’ high need for cognitive closure (NCC) and prejudice towards various outgroups. Nonetheless, evidence on the invariance of individuals’ prejudice towards different outgroups is still missing. Study 1 and Study 2 aimed to provide evidence that individuals with high NCC display similar levels of prejudice towards different outgroups (i.e., people of a different race; people of a different religion; immigrants; people who speak a different language; people with a different sexual orientation), expressed in terms of desired social distance. Besides this, and based on the “group-centrism hypothesis” positing the role of groups as sources of epistemic certainty and stability of knowledge, Study 2 tackled the process underlying the relation between NCC and invariance of prejudice towards different outgroups by testing the mediational role of binding moral foundations. Evidence from both studies supported the hypothesis that individuals with high NCC display prejudice towards different outgroups to the same extent and that binding moral foundations mediate this relationship. Implications of these findings with reference to interventions aimed to hinder prejudice towards outgroups will be discussed.

THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY IN THE EFFECTS OF NEED FOR ACHIEVEMENT AND SELF-CREATIVITY ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AMONG WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN JAKARTA

The purpose of this study is to analyze women entrepreneurship in Indonesia particularly to examine the need for achievement, creativity and entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions, and the mediation role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on both relationships. This study uses a quantitative approach and online survey in the data collection process. The population in this study are employees who work in the culinary field in Jakarta city. The sample in this study was taken using a purposive sampling technique. We obtained 126 respondents and analyzed by using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) WarpPls 7.0. The results showed that the need for achievement and entrepreneurial self-efficacy had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions, and also entrepreneurial self-efficacy mediates the impact of creativity on entrepreneurial intentions. This study did not find a significant effect of creativity on entrepreneurial intentions, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy did not mediate the impact of need for achievement on entrepreneurial intentions.

Navigating the Coronavirus Infodemic: Exploring the Impact of Need for Orientation, Epistemic Beliefs and Type of Media Use on Knowledge and Misperception about COVID-19

ABSTRACT The present study explores the relationship between the need for orientation (NFO) and knowledge/misperception about COVID-19 using a two-wave panel survey of U.S. adults (W1: N = 1,119; W2: N = 543). The findings suggest that moderate-active NFO rather than high NFO better predicts individuals’ level of knowledge and misperception. We also found that different media use (vertical media and horizontal media) and individuals’ epistemic beliefs (intuitionism and rationalism) have distinct implications for knowledge and misperception about COVID-19.

Motivated team innovation: Impact of need for closure and epistemic authority

New members are important sources of innovative perspectives in groups. However, it can be very difficult for newcomers’ ideas to be heard. It is likely that group members with high (vs. low) levels of need for closure (NFC) are more resistant to newcomers’ innovative ideas. Moreover, when group epistemic authority (EA) is high, members should “freeze” on the group’s ideas, regardless of the newcomer’s EA. In contrast, when group EA is low, members would be expected to “seize” the ideas proposed by newcomers with high EA. Study 1 confirmed that high (vs. low) NFC group members are more resistant to newcomers’ innovative ideas. In Study 2, in high NFC groups, evidence was obtained for seizing but not freezing. In Study 3, for group members with heightened NFC, both freezing and seizing results were obtained. Findings suggest that both NFC and EA play important roles in receptivity to newcomers’ ideas.

POSA272 Using Real World Evidence to Characterise Utility in Patients with a Rare Disease: Analysis of Pompe Registry Data

Obtaining utility values for disease modelling in rare conditions is challenging. Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD), an inherited metabolic disorder, is characterised by progressive muscle weakness leading to increasing disability and patient dependence on wheelchair and ventilator use. There is scarce evidence on the utility associated with disability, however, SF-36 is frequently measured in clinical practice. This research aims to investigate the impact of need for wheelchair and ventilator use on utility in patients with LOPD using SF-36 data from the Pompe Registry (NTC00231400/Sanofi Genzyme).

Impact of need for Affiliation on the relationship between Emotional intelligence and integrating style of conflict resolution

The research was conducted to gain an insight into how the Need for Affiliation (nAff) influences the relationship between Emotional intelligence (EI) and the integrating style of conflict resolution among state university undergraduates in Sri Lanka. Undergraduate disputes have frequently being a regular heading in many mainstream dialogues in the county, this study is expected to provide a deep understanding of the issue from the perspective of the impact of nAff on the link between EI and integrating style. The nAff as a moderating factor on the relationship between EI and integrating style of conflict resolution has persisted unexplored in the context of Sri Lankan state university undergraduates. Consequently, a study was conducted with the aim of providing an insight to bridge the prevailing gap. The investigation was based on a survey conducted with the participation of 388 undergraduates containing ten (10) state universities in Sri Lanka. Extensively used scholarly work tools were used to ensure the credibility of research in which EI was measured using Wong and law EI scale, nAff was measured using Unified Motive Scales (UMS), and conflict resolution strategies (integrating style) measured using Rahim’s Organizational Conflict Inventory-II. Moderated multiple regression analysis (hierarchical multiple regression) was applied to evaluate the moderating impact and level of interaction of nAff on the nexus between EI and integrating styles of conflict resolution. The results signify that emotionally intelligent people prefer to use the integrating style to resolve conflicts. The results of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that nAff (moderating variable) enhanced the relationship between EI and integrating style. It indicates that those who are emotionally intelligent and have a high need for affiliation have a stronger preference to choose the integrating style. Conclusively, research has contributed to understanding the role of nAff in defining the relationship between EI and conflict resolution styles and it confirms that higher EI combined with a higher need for affiliation increase the chances of selecting a more productive and collaborative conflict resolution approach.
 Keywords: nAff, EI, Integrating conflict resolution style, State University, Undergraduates

Exploring the Impact of Need for a Second Dose of Rescue Therapy for Seizure Episodes on Healthcare Utilization (1763)

Exploring the Impact of Need for a Second Dose of Rescue Therapy for Seizure Episodes on Healthcare Utilization (1763)

The impact of need on distributive decisions: Experimental evidence on anchor effects of exogenous thresholds in the laboratory.

Giving more to those who need more has an intuitive appeal for determining the just allocation of resources. The need principle is considered one of the three major principles of distributive justice. In contrast to equality or equity, however, evidence on the adherence to the needs principle rests mainly on stated instead of revealed preferences. In this paper we present an experimental design that exogenously assigns objective, heterogeneous need thresholds to individuals in small laboratory societies structured by a three-line network. The data reveal that a large proportion of individuals respond to others’ need thresholds, but at a declining rate as thresholds increase. The equal distribution marks a discrete drop in the need satisfaction rate: Need thresholds above the equal distribution are less frequently satisfied. We conclude that others’ needs are weighed against self-interest and equality. Our results provide evidence that distributions may be socially justified on grounds of the need principle.

Impact of Need for Achievement on Entrepreneurial Intentions; Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy

Impact of Need for Achievement on Entrepreneurial Intentions; Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy

The Impact of Need for Uniqueness on Word of Mouth

The report suggests that consumers who score highly on the avoidance of similarity dimension of consumers' need for uniqueness (CNFU) are less likely to engage in positive word-of-mouth (WOM) for publicly consumed products they own, as others may then purchase them and ultimately reduce their uniqueness. A new model is developed based on all three dimensions of CNFU (avoidance of similarity, creative choice counterconformity, and unpopular choice counterconformity) that tests for a relationship between these dimensions and consumers' positive WOM engagement for high- versus low-involvement products along with across gender. The survey was administered to 1000 consumers and the research findings suggest that a negative relationship was established for the avoidance of similarity dimension, a positive relationship for the creative choice counterconformity dimension, and no relationship for the unpopular choice counterconformity dimension with positive WOM engagement for high-involvement, publicly consumed products. Further the results did not differ between genders.

Consumer Fad Dynamic: the consumer behavior and the Gin case

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to characterize the consumption of an international consumer product fad.Design/methodology/approachA literature review of the concepts that can be related to an international fad was conducted, which included the study of the product life cycle, CAGE distances, the herd behavior, the consumer behavior in social media, the conformism and perceived newness. To know more about the subject, the Gin case was studied. The quantitative study began to define an initial model with the variables that can have impact on the consumption of the Gin. Based on the initial model, a survey was built and conducted, obtaining 143 valid responses. The data were analyzed on the basis of the structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results verified the positive impact of need for group differentiation on the consumption Gin. The perceived newness had a direct impact on its consumption. An international fad lasts while it is differentiator for the consumer, so the herd behavior influence was not validated.Research limitations/implicationsThis study had a limitation in terms of responses. This study was made using a practical case of beverage, so its applicability to other types of products is limited.Originality/valueThis study is about consumer fads. It characterizes the key concepts in various moments of a fad: the implementation, the evolution of its consumption and its end. The study identifies the variables that have a positive impact on the consumption of a real fad. Data from sales geography diffusion in time are also analyzed.

The impact of mass customization on fashion-innovative students: an assessment of need for uniqueness, self-identity, and perceived performance risk

ABSTRACTMany retailers have implemented mass customisation technologies to allow customers to individualise products. While the concept of customisation has been assessed, few studies to date have examined customisation among fashion-innovative students who may possess distinctive product needs. Thus, the purpose of this research was to assess the relationship between Attitude towards Mass Customization and Purchase Intention among fashion-innovative students. In addition, this study investigated the impact of Need for Uniqueness, Self-Identity, and Perceived Performance Risk on Attitude towards Mass Customization among fashion-innovative students. Data were collected using a self-administered online survey. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS – SEM) was employed to test the hypothesised model. Results indicate that a positive relationship existed between attitude towards customisation and purchase intention among fashion-innovative students. The study also revealed fashion-innovative students may possess the concern of perceived performance risk when considering the concept of customisation.

Impact of Need Based Training on Production Workforce of Ludhiana Knitwear Industry

Impact of Need Based Training on Production Workforce of Ludhiana Knitwear Industry

Antecedents of organizational and community embeddedness: The roles of support, psychological safety, and need to belong

SummaryDefining embeddedness as a psychological construct that influences individuals to stay, we draw on conservation of resources theory to develop and test a model of the influence of contextual social support resources on both organizational and community forms of embeddedness. In addition to the direct relationship between support and embeddedness, we also assess the mediating influence of organizational and community psychological safety and the moderating impact of need to belong. Using a multisource sample of employees and coworkers (N = 165), we found support for most of the hypotheses. Social support resources emanating from the organization and the community were positively associated with embeddedness in each domain, and psychological safety mediated these relationships. We also found that need to belong was an important boundary condition in the determination of organizational embeddedness. We discuss the theoretical contributions and practical implications of our findings.

To what extent does need for touch affect online perceived quality?

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address the potential impact of need for touch (NFT) on perceived product quality and the possible roles of purchasers’ social (subjective norms), personal (buying impulsiveness) and epistemic (e-commerce orientation) factors, as well as the likely interaction effect of the shopping channel.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical study is based on 540 observations, analysed in a partial least squares structural equation model.FindingsThe link between the NFT and perceived quality tends to be negative, especially for online purchases. E-commerce orientation reduces the need to touch products, but subjective norms and buying impulsiveness have no significant effects.Research limitations/implicationsThe NFT scale might be improved by adding more items. Some of the structural model coefficients indicate a low effect size. Finally, the results are limited to Spanish purchasers of the focal product.Practical implicationsFirms should appeal to purchasers’ e-commerce orientation to reduce the negative implications of a need to touch products among consumers shopping online.Originality/valueThe need to touch a product may be an obstacle to online purchases, yet few studies deal with its impact in online, relative to offline, contexts to evaluate product quality. This study also integrates personal, social and epistemic factors.

Examining predictors of utilization of an Interdisciplinary outpatient transitions of care service

Objective To determine the impact of need, enabling and predisposing factors on utilization of an interdisciplinary, postdischarge transitions of care (TOC) service. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of patients discharged from an acute care hospital and scheduled for a TOC visit. Patients with a scheduled TOC appointment at the study clinic within 30 days of a hospital discharge from any of the three University of Pennsylvania Health System hospitals in Philadelphia between September 2013 and January 2015 were included in the study. Individual determinants of healthcare utilization from the Andersen model were extracted from the patients' electronic health record chart. Bivariate analyses were used to identify patient characteristics associated with utilizing the TOC service. A logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictors of TOC service utilization. Key findings TOC utilizers had higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores (OR 1.66, P < 0.01), greater number of internal medicine office visits (OR 1.20, P = 0.03) and took fewer medications (OR 0.89, P < 0.01) relative to non-utilizers. Conclusions Findings from this study can help healthcare administrators prioritize factors associated with the greatest impact on utilization with the ultimate goal of increasing utility of TOC services.

The moderating effects of transformational leadership between basic psychological needs and Job Performance

변혁적 리더십은 추종자의 욕구를 충족시키는 주요 영향력 원인으로 작용하지만, 조직구성원의 욕구와 직무수행을 조절하는 상황요인으로 접근은 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 자율성 욕구와 유능성 욕구의 역할 내 행동, 관계성 욕구의 역할 외 행동에 대한 영향력을 검증하고, 양자 관계에서 변혁적 리더십의 조절효과를 판명하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 울산지역에 소재하는 중소기업 종사자로 설정하여 221명으로부터 취득한 자료를 분석에 활용하였다. 분석결과, 자율성과 유능성 욕구의 역할 내 행동, 관계성 욕구의 역할 외 행동에 대한 긍정적 영향력이 확인되었고, 변혁적 리더십의 조절효과는 자율성 욕구와 역할 내 행동의 경로에서 강화효과와 관계성 욕구와 역할 외 행동의 경로에서 완충효과가 확인되었다. 본 연구의 이러한 결과는 조직구성원의 기본심리욕구와 수행의 관계에 있어 변혁적 리더십의 역할을 실증적으로 규명한 것으로 기본심리욕구와 변혁적 리더십 후속 연구를 위한 실무적 및 이론적 시사점을 제공하고 있다.Leadership is a main cause to satisfy followers needs, however, in the current paper, the role of leadership is considered a situation factor to enhance the impact of basic psychological needs to job performance. Specifically, the purpose of this study was to test both effects of need for autonomy and competence to in-role behavior, and impact of need for relatedness to extra-role behavior. In addition, moderating effects of transformational leadership in all paths were demonstrated. The research target was employees who have worked at small & middle size companies located in Ulsan, total 221 data was applied in analysis. In the results, both needs, autonomy and competence, were positively associated with in-role behavior and the impact of need for relatedness was adopted. In the moderation, transformational leadership moderated the paths between need for autonomy and in-role behavior, and between need for relatedness and extra-role behavior. However, the types of moderation was different, as a result, the relationship between need for autonomy and in-role behavior was supported. This results represent that the role of leadership as enhancer between needs and job performance empirically and provides practical and theoretical implications in the range of basic psychological needs.

Disability and the impact of need for periodontal care on quality of life: A cross-sectional study.

ObjectiveThe need for periodontal care may negatively impact daily life. We compared the need for periodontal care and its impact on daily life between disabled and healthy adults in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study of 819 adults, a questionnaire was used to assess personal background factors; the impact of periodontitis on pain, avoiding foods, embarrassment, sleeplessness, work absence, and discontinuing daily activities; and risk factors (smoking, diabetes, toothbrushing, insurance, professional tooth cleaning, and dental visits). The outcome was clinically assessed need for periodontal care impacting daily life. The relationship between the outcome and risk factors adjusted for personal background and disability was assessed using ordinal regression.ResultsHealthy and disabled persons had a high need for periodontal care (66.8%). Current smokers had a higher likelihood and health-insured persons had a lower likelihood of need for periodontal care impacting daily life regardless of whether disability was considered.ConclusionsMost adults needed periodontal care, and disabled persons experienced a greater impact on life. Current smokers and uninsured persons were more likely to need periodontal care impacting daily life. Our findings are important for the prevention of periodontitis through tobacco cessation and extending insurance coverage.