Impact Of Environmental Policies Research Articles

The impact of environmental economic policies on firm development

Economic development and environmental protection are interdependent and interdependent. While vigorously developing the economy, environmental protection cannot be ignored. Enterprises are the main body to promote economic advancement. Consequently, it is extremely inevitable for policy makers to formulate scientific and reasonable sustainable development policies to drive the green development of enterprises. This paper studies the relationship between corporate green economic development and environmental policy by analyzing the impact of environmental policy on corporate competitiveness and innovation ability, using empirical analysis, data analysis and questionnaire methods. It is crucial to change the approach and improve the level of economic growth in the new economic advancement environment. The conventional approach of calculating economic gross and advancement foreground utilizing GDP and rate of economic growth is no longer appropriate given the present worldwide tendency that favors green and sustainable development. In order to achieve economic growth, it is required to develop accurate assessments of green economic efficiency indices that take into consideration how resource scarcity and environmental deterioration affect economic output. To contribute to China's coming green economic advancement and the execution of environmental legislation, it is thus imperative to thoroughly research the impacts of environmental legislation and green economic efficiency.

The dynamic evolution of collaborative networks in sustainable development: Untying impact of environmental policy in China using network-based text analysis approach.

As one of the key subjects of multi-center governance of environmental concerns, public perception is crucial in forming and implementing environmental policy. Based on data science research theory and the original theory of public perception, this study proposes a research framework to analyze environmental policy through network text analysis. The primary contents are bidirectional encoder representation from transformers-convolution neural network (BERT-CNN) sentiment tendency analysis, word frequency characteristic analysis, and semantic network analysis. The realism of the suggested framework is demonstrated by using the waste classification policy as an example. The findings indicate a substantial relationship between perceived subject participation and policy pilot areas and that perceived subject participation is repeating. On this premise, specific recommendations are made to encourage policy implementation.

The Impact of Policy Orientation on Green Innovative Performance: The Role of Green Innovative Capacity and Absorptive Capacity

Green innovation has been recognized as a key factor for balancing environmental sustainability and financial growth. Although the literature has examined the impacts of policy orientation on green innovation, there are still outstanding issues to be addressed. On the one hand, existing studies have focused on the direct impact of environmental regulation or institutional pressure on green innovation, but fail to account for the issue of intermediate mechanisms between policy orientation and green innovations. On the other hand, there are inconsistent findings in the current empirical evidence on the impact of environmental policies on green innovation. Therefore, this study tries to address these research gaps by clarifying the internal mechanisms and boundary conditions between policy orientation and green innovation. Based on Porter’s hypothesis and absorptive capacity perspective, this study explores the mediation effect of green innovative capability and the moderation effect of absorptive capacity in the relationship between policy orientation and green innovative capacity. To test the research model, we collected data from 359 Chinese green manufacturing companies. Our findings suggest that whether policy orientation has a significant positive effect on a firm’s green innovation performance depends on the firm’s absorptive capacity. In addition, green innovative capacity mediated the effect of policy orientation on green innovation performance. Furthermore, absorptive capacity strengthens this mediation effect. Therefore, we identified the mediating role of green innovative capacity and the moderating role of absorptive capacity between policy orientation and green innovation performance. Our findings theoretically enrich the literature on Porter’s hypothesis and absorptive capacity perspectives and provide a reference for green innovation practices.

Green credit policy and stock price crash risk of heavily polluting enterprises: Evidence from China

This study investigates how green credit guidelines (GCG) influence the stock price crash risk of heavily polluting enterprises by taking the implementation of GCG as a quasi-natural experiment. Using company-level data on China’s A-shares, we reveal that the implementation of GCG significantly increases the stock price crash risk of heavily polluting enterprises. Our channel test results suggest that GCG increases the stock price crash risk of heavily polluting enterprises by imposing financial constraints and decreasing the quality of information disclosure. Our cross-sectional test results indicate that the impact of GCG on stock price crash risk is more pronounced in state-owned enterprises and those with lower corporate governance and lower information transparency. Overall, by innovatively linking environmental regulations with stock market performance, we offer novel evidence of the unexpected impact of environmental policy on financial market stability.

Environmental policy uncertainty and corporate green innovation: evidence from China

PurposePrevious studies have mostly discussed the impact of environmental policy on enterprise innovation, but the discussion on how turbulence in environmental policy may affect firms' green innovation has been insufficient. This paper explores the effect of environmental policy uncertainty on corporate green innovation in the turnover of environmental protection officials (EPOT) context.Design/methodology/approachThe authors manually collected the data on the EPOT of 280 Chinese prefecture-level cities, and used the Poisson regression model to conduct empirical analyses based on the panel data of 1472 Chinese listed manufacturing firms from 2008 to 2017.FindingsThe results show that environmental policy uncertainty leads firms to reduce their green patent applications only for green invention patent applications. Such an effect is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs). In addition, when the new directors of the Ecology and Environmental Bureau take office through promotions or are no more than 55 years old, the negative effect is more obvious, but there is no significant difference regardless of whether new directors have worked in environmental protection departments.Originality/valueFirst, this paper supplements the research on the antecedents of corporate green innovation from the perspective of environmental policy uncertainty and extends the applications of real options theory. Second, this paper expands the research on the government–business relationship from the EPOT perspective.

Assessment of drought risk for winter wheat on the Huanghuaihai Plain under climate change using an EPIC model-based approach

ABSTRACT Climate change-induced drought poses a serious negative impact on global crop production and food security. The Huang Huai Hai (HHH) Plain, one of the most important grain production areas in China, is heavenly stricken by drought. Motivated by formulating drought risk prevention strategies that adapt to climate change on the HHH Plain, therefore, the present study aims to quantitatively evaluate the winter wheat drought risk under multiple climate scenarios using the Environmental Policy Impact Climate (EPIC) model. Based on the well-validated EPIC model, the drought hazard intensity (dHI), physical vulnerability (pV), and drought risk (dR) of the HHH Plain from 2010 to 2099 are assessed. Temporally, the dR showed an increasing trend in the long term, the high dR areas increased by 0.63% and 1.18% under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively. Spatially, dR showed a pattern of high in the south and low in the north whether under RCP4.5 or RCP8.5 scenario. Comparatively, the dR was 0.211 under the RCP4.5 scenario which was slightly higher than that under the RCP8.5 scenario, i.e. 0.207. The Huanghuai Plain agricultural subregion will be a high dHI-pV-dR region. The temperature increase might be the main factor affecting the wheat drought risk.

Leveraging social cognition to promote effective climate change mitigation

Effective climate change mitigation is a social dilemma: the benefits are shared collectively but the costs are often private. To solve this dilemma, we argue that we must pay close attention to the nature and workings of human cooperation. We review three social cognition mechanisms that regulate cooperation: norm detection, reputation management and fairness computation. We show that each of these cognitive mechanisms can stand in the way of pro-environmental behaviours and limit the impact of environmental policies. At the same time, the very same mechanisms can be leveraged as powerful solutions for an effective climate change mitigation. Human cooperation, which is essential for climate action, is shaped by the social cognition of individuals. This Review examines three mechanisms that play an important role in discouraging pro-environmental behaviours, but which can also provide effective solutions for collective action.

Environmental Management Policies in India: A Comprehensive Analysis of Impact and Challenges

This study examines the influence of environmental management policies on India's diverse ecological landscape, considering the nation's efforts to address pressing issues such as air and water pollution, climate change, biodiversity loss, and sustainable development. Through an in-depth analysis of key policies, including the Air and Water Acts, the National Action Plan on Climate Change, wildlife protection measures, waste management rules, and urban planning initiatives, this research assesses the effectiveness of existing strategies. The study emphasizes the importance of enforcement mechanisms, public awareness, and ongoing policy evolution to tackle the dynamic environmental challenges facing India. Challenges related to balancing economic development and conservation are explored, and recommendations for enhancing the impact of environmental policies are discussed.

基于Google Earth Engine平台与复杂网络的黄河流域土地利用/覆被变化分析

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于Google Earth Engine平台与复杂网络的黄河流域土地利用/覆被变化分析 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202011132938 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学面上基金项目（42071144，41771118）；国家重点研发计划重点专项（2016YFC0501601）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（GK202003060） Land use/cover change in the Yellow River Basin based on Google Earth Engine and complex network Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42071144, 41771118); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0501601); and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Shaanxi Normal University (GK202003060). 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:黄河流域在中国社会经济发展和生态安全方面的地位十分重要，过去几十年的自然演变和人类活动对其造成了深远影响，系统科学地认识黄河流域的环境格局变化是实现黄河流域高质量发展的重要前提。基于Google Earth Engine平台和复杂网络分析方法，解译并分析了1986年至2018年黄河流域的连续年度土地利用/覆被变化（LUCC）。基于1000个独立验证点进行的评估显示解译的覆盖黄河流域33年的年度土地利用/覆被数据集的7个一级类的总体准确率为82.6%，15个二级类的总体准确率为74.7%。分析结果显示黄河流域的土地系统在整个研究期间呈现出复杂的时空变化，主要的LUCC模式包括：不变或很小的变化、伴随耕地流失的城市扩张、草地恢复、果园和梯田扩张和森林增加。基于复杂网络方法对黄河流域土地系统的分析表明，土地利用/覆被转移网络中的高覆盖草地、低植被覆盖地表和落叶常绿混交林与其他地类的转移较频繁，地类节点的中介中心性和度值较高，是黄河流域土地系统中的关键地类。另外与人类活动关系密切的果园和梯田、谷物耕地和城市及建设用地节点组成了较为活跃的网络社区结构，它们都有较高的结构多样性、接近中心性，这些地类之间的转移是土地系统中重要的地类转移类型。时间序列的转移网络分析表明黄河流域的土地系统在1993-1998年、2001-2007年、2011-2014年存在三个不稳定时期，这三个不稳定时期的出现可能分别由大量的农业土地开发、退耕还林还草工程和果园梯田的大量增加导致。对黄河流域的长时间土地利用/覆被动态的系统性分析提供了关于环境政策和社会经济活动对土地系统造成何种影响的见解，表明黄河流域正朝着实现农民生计安全，区域经济增长和生态环境保护的可持续发展的目标迈进，并为LUCC研究提供了新的数据处理方式和新的系统科学视角，有助于实现区域的高质量可持续发展和理解人与自然系统之间的相互作用关系。 Abstract:The Yellow River Basin plays an important role in China's economic and social development and ecological security. The natural evolution and human activities in past decades had a profound impact on the Basin. A systematic and scientific understanding of the environmental changes in the Yellow River Basin is an important premise to achieve the high-quality development of the Basin. Using landsat imagery (17080 scenes) and the classification and regression trees algorithm, mapped and analyzed the annual continuous land use/cover change (LUCC) of the Yellow River Basin based on the Google Earth Engine platform and complex network analysis methods, and provided a set of 90 m resolution continuous annual land use/cover maps from 1986 to 2018. The assessment based on 1000 independent validation points collected in Google Earth indicated that these maps achieved an overall accuracy of 82.6% for 7 first-degree classes and 74.7% for 15 second-degree classes. The analysis of the land system showed that the Yellow River Basin presented complex temporal and spatial changes during the study period. The main LUCC patterns included no change or little change, urban expansion with croplands loss, grasslands restoration, orchard and terrace expansion, and forests growth. In the land use/cover transfer network, high coverage grasslands, low-vegetated lands, and the mixed forests were the key land class nodes in the land system of the Yellow River Basin, with high degrees and frequent transfers with other classes. In addition, the nodes of orchard and terrace, croplands, and urban and built-up all had high diversity and closeness and form one relatively active network community structure. The transfers between them were more important land transfer types in the land system. Time series transfer network analysis showed that the land system of the Yellow River Basin had three unstable periods in 1993-1998, 2001-2007, and 2011-2014 with lower average shortest-path length and higher network density and network transitivity. The possible reasons for these three periods are the reclamation of a large amount of agricultural land, the implementation of the Grain for Green program, and the large increase in orchard and terrace, respectively. Based on the data and analysis results, we can further understand the role of the land system in the mutual feedback between society and the environment. The results of LUCC analysis revealed the land use/cover dynamics caused by frequent human activities in the Yellow River Basin, provided insights on the impact of environmental policies and socio-economic activities on the land system, which showed that the Yellow River is moving towards achieving the sustainable development goals of livelihood security, economic growth, and ecological protection. Research provided new data processing methods and new system science perspectives for LUCC analysis, which can help to achieve high-quality regional development and to understand the interaction between human and natural systems. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Mapping of crop types and crop sequences with combined time series of Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 data for Germany

Monitoring agricultural systems becomes increasingly important in the context of global challenges like climate change, biodiversity loss, population growth, and the rising demand for agricultural products. High-resolution, national-scale maps of agricultural land are needed to develop strategies for future sustainable agriculture. However, the characterization of agricultural land cover over large areas and for multiple years remains challenging due to the locally diverse and temporally variable characteristics of cultivated land. We here propose a workflow for generating national agricultural land cover maps on a yearly basis that accounts for varying environmental conditions. We tested the approach by mapping 24 agricultural land cover classes in Germany for the three years 2017, 2018, and 2019, in which the meteorological conditions strongly differed. We used a random forest classifier and dense time series data from Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 in combination with monthly Sentinel-1 composites and environmental data and evaluated the relative importance of optical, radar, and environmental data.Our results show high overall accuracy and plausible class accuracies for the most dominant crop types across different years despite the strong inter-annual meteorological variability and the presence of drought and non-drought years. The maps show high spatial consistency and good delineation of field parcels. Combining optical, SAR, and environmental data increased overall accuracies by 6% to 10% compared to single sensor approaches, in which optical data outperformed SAR. Overall accuracy ranged between 78% and 80%, and the mapped areas aligned well with agricultural statistics at the regional and national level. Based on the multi-year dataset we mapped major crop sequences of cereals and leaf crops. Most crop sequences were dominated by winter cereals followed by summer cereals. Monocultures of summer cereals were mainly revealed in the Northwest of Germany. We showcased that high spatial and thematic detail in combination with annual mapping will stimulate research on crop cycles and studies to assess the impact of environmental policies on management decisions. Our results demonstrate the capabilities of integrated optical time series and SAR data in combination with variables describing local and seasonal environmental conditions for annual large-area crop type mapping.

The impact of environmental policy on wage inequality

AbstractConsider a small open Harris and Todaro's model. This paper analyzes the impact of the policy of environmental protection on skilled–unskilled wage inequality. We find that, in the economy with urban unemployment, if the elasticity of substitution between unskilled labor and pollution in the urban low‐skill sector is small (large) enough then a rise in the pollution tax will expand (narrow down) skilled–unskilled wage inequality. In addition, we prove that, in the economy with full employment, a rise in the pollution tax will raise the skilled–unskilled wage inequality, if the elasticity of substitution between unskilled labor and pollution is larger than that between capital and pollution in the urban low‐skill sector.

Dynamic Impact of Environmental Regulation on Environmental Performance in China: New Evidence from a Semiparametric Additive Panel Analysis

Environmental protection is the core of sustainable economic development, and environmental policy plays a key role in achieving protection goals. Therefore, it is extremely crucial to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental policies. Existing studies mainly focus on the average impact of environmental policies on environmental pollution but ignore their dynamic impact, which is prone to misestimate the effect of environmental policies. To make up for the deficiency, a semiparametric additive panel data model is used to explore the dynamic impact of China’s sewage charging policy on environmental performance at each level of the levy. The results show that the relationship between sewage charge level and environmental degeneration is an “M-shaped” pattern, indicating that the current sewage charge policy is not absolutely effective. Moreover, the results also reveal an “N-shaped” linkage between economic growth and environmental pollution, indicating that economic development is not sustainable. Moreover, the factors of energy consumption, population growth, and industrialization contribute to increasing environmental degeneration. Although technological development has a positive impact on environmental performance, its impact is insignificant. This study could provide new evidence for strengthening environmental regulatory reform and promoting green economic development.

The Impact of Environmental Policy on Innovation in Clean Technologies

This paper studies the effect of climate change mitigating policies on innovation in clean energy technologies. Results suggest that the tightening of environmental policies since the early 1990s have made a statistically and economically significant contribution to the increase in clean innovation. These effects generally materialized quickly, within 2 to 3 years of the policy change, and were driven by individually significant marginal effects of both market-based policies – such as feed-in tariffs and trading schemes – as well as non-market policies, such as R&D subsidies or emission limits. Looking at electricity innovation in particular, the paper finds that the estimated effect on total innovation is positive on net, meaning that increased innovation in clean and grey technologies is not offset by a decrease in innovation in dirty technologies. From a policy point of view, the paper’s results call for strong policy efforts to decisively shift innovation towards clean technologies.

Environmental Policy and Its Role in Achieving Sustainability Requirements: An Analytical Study at the General Company for Battery Industry / Babylon 1 Factory

Environmental policy represents one of the important administrative issues for organizations that seek to have a bright future. They are required to make great and real efforts to diagnose the environmental dimension, evaluate environmental efforts, and think about effective means, mechanisms and ways to protect the environment in the future and to correct past mistakes. The aim of this research is to show the impact that the environmental policy can play in achieving the requirements of sustainability. The research relied on the independent variable represented by the environmental policy, and the dependent variable 17 السياسة البيإية ودور ا ف تحقيق متطلبا االستدامة Millennium Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 2(4): (2021) on sustainability and its requirements represented by (rationalization of resource consumption, reducing pollution, reducing the impact on human health, and using renewable energy). The descriptive analytical approach was adopted in the completion of this research, and it included answering the questions related to the research problem by testing two main hypotheses, with regard to correlation and influence relations. The General Battery Industry / Babel 1 Factory in Baghdad, and the statistical program (SPSS.V.23) was used to extract the results. This research reached a set of conclusions regarding environmental policy, the most prominent of which is that it has a continuous and effective positive impact that occurs due to internal and external environmental factors in achieving sustainability, which was represented by the validity of the two hypotheses of the research with the existence of a link and impact of environmental policy on sustainability. Keywords: Environment, environmental policy, sustainability

Green building technologies adoption process in China: How environmental policies are reshaping the decision-making among alliance-based construction enterprises?

To expedite green building technologies (GBTs) adoption among construction enterprises, the Chinese government has launched a series of environmental policies that encourage the establishment of green building alliances. By building an evolutionary game optimization model, this study reveals the game strategy changes of multiple stakeholders and the impact of environmental policies on GBTs adoption among alliance-based construction enterprises. On this basis, the case study and simulation method are used to simulate the impact of implementation strength for environmental policies on the decision-making of stakeholders in alliances. The simulation results show that the strength of different environmental policies should reach a certain threshold (over 0.5). Comparatively speaking, the effect of green subsidy policies is usually superior to the impact of environmental tax policies; and the higher the ratio of market participants in the carbon emission trading, the better and more complete the GBTs adoption in alliances. Moreover, a single policy is more affected by the internal environment in alliances, but policy mixes can be most effective to promote GBTs adoption among construction enterprises. Therefore, the combination of environmental taxes, green subsidies and carbon trading will be the better policy instruments to develop GBTs in green building alliances.

Do Environmental Stringency Policies and Human Development Reduce CO2 Emissions? Evidence from G7 and BRICS Economies.

This study explores the impact of environmental policies and human development on the CO2 emissions for the period of 1995–2015 in the Group of Seven and BRICS economies in the long run through panel cointegration and causality tests. The causality analysis revealed a bilateral causality between environmental stringency policies and CO2 emissions for Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, and a unilateral causality from CO2 emissions to the environmental stringency policies for Canada, China, and France. On the other hand, the analysis showed a bilateral causality between human development and CO2 emissions for Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America, and unilateral causality from CO2 emissions to human development in Brazil, Canada, China, and France. Furthermore, the cointegration analysis indicated that both environmental stringency policies and human development had a decreasing impact on the CO2 emissions.

Environmental policies in a stagnant economy

In this study, we examine the impact of environmental policies on consumption and pollution emissions in the cases of full employment and stagnant economy using a dynamic optimization model featuring a monetary economy with persistent unemployment. If full employment prevails, environmental policies such as emission tax and public pollution abatement will naturally crowd out commodity production and thereby decrease consumption. However, if there is unemployment, environmental policies stimulate consumption and production by increasing the total employment and mitigating deflation, simultaneously generating additional pollution emissions. Net pollution emissions may eventually increase. We also examine the optimal environmental policy mix.

Decoupling Analysis between Economic Growth and Air Pollution in Key Regions of Air Pollution Control in China

The Chinese government has implemented a number of environmental policies to promote the continuous improvement of air quality while considering economic development. Scientific assessment of the impact of environmental policies on the relationship between air pollution and economic growth can provide a scientific basis for promoting the coordinated development of these two factors. This paper uses the Tapio decoupling theory to analyze the relationship between regional economic growth and air pollution in key regions of air pollution control in China—namely, the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region and surrounding areas (BTHS), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD)—based on data of GDP and the concentrations of SO2, PM10, and NO2 for 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019. The results show that the SO2, PM10, and NO2 pollution in the key regions show strong and weak decoupling. The findings additionally indicate that government policies have played a significant role in improving the decoupling between air pollution and economic development. The decoupling between economic growth and SO2 and PM10 pollution in the BTHS, YRD, and PRD is better than that in other regions, while the decoupling between economic growth and NO2 pollution has not improved significantly in these regions. To improve the relationship between economic growth and air pollution, we suggest that the governments of China and other developing countries should further optimize and adjust the structure of industry, energy, and transportation; apply more stringent targets and measures in areas of serious air pollution; and strengthen mobile vehicle pollution control.

Study on the Relationship between Innovation Capability and Profit Growth: Based on the Impact of Environmental Policy

In order to provide suggestions forthe reform and transformation of coal mining firms, we construct regression models to analyze the impact of innovation capability. Using a sample of coal mining firms listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges in China from 2013 to 2018, and explaining the innovation capability from three perspectives of R&D intensity, innovation level, and innovation efficiency, this paper is the first to empirically examine the relationship between innovation capability and enterprise profitability, and further investigate the impact of environmental policy on the relationship. We find that the innovation of coal mining firms can effectively promote the improvement of profit growth, especially for the coal mining firms with stronger R&D intensity and higher innovation level. After considering the constraints of environmental policy on coal mining firms, we also find that the greater the intensity of environmental policy, the stronger the positive relationship between R&D intensity and profit growth, which is the effective evidence of applying the Porter’s hypothesis to the high-polluting coal mining firms in China. The conclusions facilitate the managers of coal mining firms to further understand the impact of innovation on profitability. At the same time, the study also provides empirical evidence for policy-makers to stimulate innovation of coal mining firms from the perspective of environmental policy.

Employment Effects of Environmental Policies – Evidence From Firm-Level Data

The employment impact of environmental policies is an important question for policy makers. We examine the effect of increasing the stringency of environmental policy across a broad set of policies on firms’ labor demand, in a novel identification approach using Worldscope data from 31 countries on firm-level CO2 emissions. Drawing on evidence from as many as 5300 firms over 15 years and the OECD environmental policy stringency (EPS) index, it finds that high emission-intensity firms reduce labor demand upon impact as EPS is tightened, whereas low emission-intensity firms increase labor demand, indicating a reallocation of employment. Moreover, tightening EPS during economic contractions appears to have a positive effect on employment, other things equal. Quantifications exercises show modest positive net changes in employment for market-based policies, and modest negative net changes for non-market policies (mainly emission quantity regulations) and for the combined aggregate EPS. Within market-based policies, the percent decline in employment in high-emission firms (correspondingly the increase in low-emission firms) for a unit change in a policy index is smallest (largest) for trading schemes (“green” certificates, and “white” certificates)—although stringency is not comparable across indices. Finally, the employment effects of EPS are not persistent.