Impact Of Adaptation Strategies Research Articles

Вплив «сільських» поведінкових стратегій населення України на якість життя в умовах війни

The purpose of the article is to analyse and understand how «rural» behavioural aspects of the Ukrainian population influence the perception and adaptation to the conditions of armed conflict. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of those rural behavioural aspects that are common to the entire population and may impact adaptation strategies and the improvement of quality of life during military events. In the context of modern conflicts and war scenarios, the study of population behaviour and its impact on the resilience of quality of life becomes particularly significant. Military conflicts not only threaten the safety and stability of society but also sharply increase the importance of understanding population behavioural aspects in the conditions of armed conflict and their impact on the quality of life. The examination of population behaviour during an extreme period of armed conflict potentially provides answers to how effectively the Ukrainian population can adapt to economic difficulties and overcome them. For the investigation of the impact of «rural» behavioural aspects on the quality of life of the population in Ukraine, a combination of specialized and general scientific methods was employed. These include the monographic method, bibliometrics, and content analysis. Additionally, forecasting and modelling methods were utilized to predict the impact of fullscale military actions on poverty, a key indicator of quality of life. After the conducted research, it can be noted that in the conditions of a full-scale invasion by Russian forces, the «rural» behavioural characteristics of Ukrainians exhibit numerous advantages, arising from the close interaction between rural and urban existence. It is demonstrated that a potentially significant portion of the country’s population, particularly those of rural origin, possesses skills in land management. The presence of relatives in villages and small towns, who have large living spaces and substantial land plots, enabled the acceptance of many forcibly displaced individuals during the war. The study confirms that behavioural traits such as the tradition of stockpiling food supplies, maintaining habitable housing conditions in rural areas, and the existence of close familial and social ties have significantly mitigated the impact of the war on the population.

Potential of implementing irrigation in rainfed agriculture in Quebec: A review of climate change‐induced challenges and adaptation strategies

AbstractLeading to growing‐season water stress, eastern Canada's evolving climate has disrupted the region's rainfed farming systems. Accordingly, this review was conducted to assess the status of irrigation, climate‐induced challenges and opportunities and the impact of adaptation strategies on economic returns and the environment in Quebec's agricultural regions. While irrigation is limited mainly to high‐value crops, controlled drainage with sub‐irrigation (CDSI) has been implemented at a limited number of field sites. Given the greater rainfall variability and rising number of growing‐season heatwave events anticipated, previous studies have mainly focused on developing climate change adaptation practices. The present study identified two research gaps: (i) a lack of analyses of drought frequency and its effect on root zone soil moisture, crop ET, crop phenology and agricultural production at a regional scale under historical and future climates and (ii) a lack of regional‐scale studies addressing climate change adaptation options, including supplementary irrigation, and their potential effects on economic return and water resources under a changing climate. Additional studies must address these gaps for the development of climate change adaptation practices to secure food demand and water sustainability.

Climate change perceptions, determinants and impact of adaptation strategies on watermelon farmers in the saline coastal areas of Bangladesh

Climate change perceptions, determinants and impact of adaptation strategies on watermelon farmers in the saline coastal areas of Bangladesh

Can fishing communities escape marginalisation? Comparing overfishing, environmental pressures and adaptation in Thailand and the Philippines

In this article, we compare four fishing‐based areas in Thailand and the Philippines to examine if and how small‐scale fishing communities are able to escape marginalisation. Three questions guide our inquiry: (i) How have fishing communities been affected by overfishing, climate change and other pressures? (ii) What adaptive strategies have these communities employed to mitigate socio‐economic and environmental challenges? (iii) What has been the impact of these strategies on (escaping) marginalisation? Through a survey of 393 fishing‐based households and semi‐structured interviews with 59 key informants we find an uneven mixture of drivers, strategies and impacts. Respondents varyingly attribute declining fish catch to illegal fishing, overfishing, population increase, climate change and pollution. The case studies illustrate various degrees of adaptive successes that result from integration of top‐down and bottom‐up initiatives, and availability and access to livelihood strategies. However, the impact of adaptive strategies on overcoming marginalisation remains meagre and constrained by, among others, the power of illegal and commercial fishing and the absence of integrated spatial planning. We call for policy interventions and further research that takes into account the integration of top‐down and bottom‐up institutions, and the multiple dimensions and spaces of the drivers that shape fisherfolk marginalisation.

Impacts of adaptation strategies of climate change on rice production in Kwara State

The study was to determine the effectiveness of adaptation strategies of climate change on rice production, it specifically identified the adaptation strategies employed and described the determinants of the strategies. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data. Adaptation strategies employed by the respondents were planting of early maturing variety (89.2 %), planting of improved variety (85.0 %) and change in planting date (76.7 %). Determinants of adaptation strategies were educational attainment, farming experience, age, climate information, cooperative membership, extension contact and farm size. Planting of improved and early maturing variety with a mean score of x꞊3.75 and x꞊3.66 respectively were adjudged the most effective adaptive strategies that could help in the production of rice in the study area. Use of irrigation, mixed farming; soil conservation and off-farm activities were effective as adaptation strategies in mitigating the adverse effect of climate change on rice production. Therefore, it was recommended that government policies should ensure that farmers have access to timely, affordable and adequate credit to increase their ability and flexibility to change production strategies in response to climate change, Similarly, adequate and timely information should be made available to farmers in order to keep them alert about the constant changes in climate.Key Words: Climate change, Effectiveness, Adaption, Strategies

Evaluation of the health-risk reduction potential of countermeasures to urban heat islands

Traditional assessment of heat-related health risks neglects the influence of the building physics as outdoor conditions are used as predictor variables. Data on heat-related mortality from Berlin, Germany and from the US are evaluated with a risk concept which differentiates between outdoor and indoor hazards. Such, the influence of non-linear building physics on heat-related risks can be considered and the impact of adaptation strategies can be examined.The number of heat-related deaths in the age-group 65+ for Berlin is expected to double with each 1K increase in ambient temperature. It can be reduced by 50% with a mean ambient air-temperature reduction of 0.8K. Countermeasures to urban heat islands are evaluated according to their reduction potential on hazards, both indoors and outdoors. The analysis shows that classic UHI countermeasures, which are effective in reducing air-temperatures outdoors, do not necessarily reduce the indoor hazard. Regarding indoor heat-related hazards, trees, façade and roof greening, cool roofs and cool pavements have a low impact only. Measures at the building level, namely cool roofs and façade greening perform best, however, passive cooling and air-conditioning are most effective. To reduce the number of excess deaths in a changing climate, combined measures are necessary.