In this work we carry out an exploration of the concept of vulnerability at different levels. In the first place, we try to establish its ontological bases through a reflexive revision of the specialized literature to overcome some of the defining in concretions that characterize the concept. Later we propose a method to guide the measurement of vulnerability and exploit its methodological potential to end up achieving the integration of the concept of vulnerability within the methodology of Social Impact Assessment (SIA), an analysis tool that evaluates the social consequences produced For specific development projects that generate a focus of emission of impacts on a community. In our view, vulnerability must have a main and systematic role within this social analysis tool, since its conceptual nature allows integrating the different factors of adaptability that characterize a specific community and territory in a single explanatory body, something that makes possible A powerful evaluation of the impacts that an entity supports. This work, therefore, aims to rethink the concept of vulnerability in the ontological field to achieve, at a later stage, instrumentalize the concept and integrate it fully in the analyzes that measure the social consequences produced by the change.