Immunohistochemical Expression Of Matrix Metalloproteinases Research Articles

Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression in Canine and Feline Meningioma

Fifty-one meningiomas obtained from 28 dogs and 23 cats were selected for this study to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 and to compare it to the reverse transcriptase subunit of human-telomerase, progesterone receptor expression, and the proliferative index of the tumors, expressed by Ki67 and proliferating cellular nuclear antigen. Paraffin-embedded tumor tissue was obtained from biopsy samples (28 cases) and at necropsy (23 cases). The most common histotype was malignant in dogs (12/28) and transitional in cats (12/23). Slides immunolabelled for MMPs showed a diffuse cytoplasmic pattern. Twenty-one cases (19 dogs and 2 cats) did not express MMP-2, while only 2 cases were completely negative for MMP-9. The highest values of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were observed in a psammomatous and meningothelial tumor, respectively. On statistical analysis, MMP-2 expression did not show a significant correlation with MMP-9. Moreover, both MMP expressions failed to show significant variance among histologic patterns of the tumor and correlation with the proliferative index. MMP immunolabeling showed an inconstant correlation with progesterone receptor expression. No significant correlation was found between MMP and reverse transcriptase subunit of human-telomerase expression. In feline meningiomas, the MMP-2 value was significantly higher than in canine tumors and the MMP-9 value tended to be low for meningiomas with a follow-up duration from the 23(rd) month to the 44(th) month. In cats, the longer the time from surgery, the lower the proliferative index seemed to be. In dogs, we failed to find a correlation between MMP expression and the follow-up duration.

Immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2, and 9 in odontogenic myxoma and dental germ papilla

The aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 2, and 9 in odontogenic myxomas and dental germ papillae. Twelve cases of odontogenic myxoma and eight tooth germ specimens were selected for analysis of the immunohistochemical expression and the pattern of distribution of MMPs 1, 2, and 9 in extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as of the number of MMP-positive cells. MMP-2 was expressed only in the ECM of myxomas ( p<0.05). No significant difference was observed between ECM immunoreactivity for MMP-9 in myxomas and dental papillae ( p>0.05). MMP-1 immunoreactivity was detected in most myxoma cases at a proportion similar to that observed in dental papillae ( p>0.05). A significant difference was observed in the number of immunoreactive cells in myxomas ( p<0.05), MMP-1 being present at higher proportions than MMPs 2 and 9. There was a gradient in the expression of MMPs in the ECM and in neoplastic cells of odontogenic myxomas, with higher immunoreactivity to MMP-1 and lower immunoreactivity to MMP-9. Taken together, our results suggest the existence of a coordinated mechanism between MMPs 1, 2, and 9 that aimed at the efficient degradation of extracellular matrix in odontogenic myxomas.

Histomorphological findings and expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue specific inhibitors (TIMPs) in normal tricuspid valves and in chronic tricuspid valvular disease in dogs

The histomorphological findings and immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs-1, 2, 9 and 14) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs-2, 3 and 4) are reported in the parietal (pTV) and septal leaflets (sTV) of the tricuspid valves in normal dogs and dogs with chronic valvular disease (CVD). The layers of the normal sTV were not as well defined as in the pTV and the spongiosa of the sTV contained abundant mucopolysaccharides (MPS) and adipocytes. In CVD, there was expansion of the spongiosa of the pTV due to deposition of MPS, leading to formation of nodules along the free edge. In CVD, there was fibrosis of the atrialis of the sTV and formation of nodular deposits of MPS in the spongiosa and ventricularis, mainly affecting the proximal and middle parts of the leaflet. In dogs with normal pTV and sTV, MMPs-1 and 14 and TIMPs-2, 3 and 4 were expressed, while MMPs-2 and 9 were absent. In mild CVD, expression of MMPs-2, 9 and 14 were increased in the pTV, whereas small foci within the spongiosa contained MMP-9 and TIMP-3 positive cells. In advanced CVD, MMP-14 also was increased in the pTV. In mild CVD, there was increased expression of MMPs-1 and 2 and TIMP-2, but decreased expression of TIMP-4, in the sTV. Small foci with expression of MMP-14 and TIMPs-2, 3 and 4 were also present in the sTV in mild CVD. In advanced CVD, there was increased expression of MMPs-2 and 9 and TIMP-2 in the sTV. In CVD there is upregulation of various MMPs in the pTV, whereas there is a complex alteration in expression of MMPs and TIMPs in the sTV.

Immunohistochemical expression of MMPs 1, 7, and 26 in syndrome and nonsyndrome odontogenic keratocysts

The objective of this study was to analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 7, and 26 in odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) associated with Gorlin syndrome (SOKCs) and nonsyndrome OKCs (NSOKCs). Twenty-one SOKCs and 20 NSOKCs were evaluated for epithelial expression of MMP-1, MMP-7, and MMP-26 and for mesenchymal expression of MMP-1 by immunohistochemistry. Strong epithelial positivity to MMP-1 was observed in 76% of SOKCs and in 15% of NSOKCs (P < .05). Strong mesenchymal immunoreactivity to MMP-1 was observed in 38% of SOKCs and in 20% of NSOKCs (P > .05). Epithelial immunoreactivity to MMP-7 was strongly positive in 67% of SOKCs and in 40% of NSOKCs (P > .05). For MMP-26, strong positivity was found in 62% of SOKCs, in contrast to 35% of NSOKCs (P > .05). MMPs-1, -7 and -26 may play important roles in the biology of OKCs. Furthermore, the presence of these proteases at higher levels in SOKCs may help to explain increased OKC aggressiveness associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.

Significance of Collagenase 3 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 13) in Invasive Bladder Cancer: Correlation with Pathological Parameters

Purpose: To determine if collagenase 3 expression is associated with stage progression and prognosis of bladder cancer. Patients and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for collagenase 3 was carried out on serial sections from specimens of 42 patients (32 males and 10 females) who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer (median follow-up, 67.2 ± 5.99 months). Results: Immunohistochemical expression of collagenase 3 was detected in 13 (31%) patients. Pathological stage was pT2 in 12 (28.57%) patients, pT3a in 7 (16.6%), pT3b in 21 (50%) and pT4 in 2 (4.76%). Four tumours (9.52%) were grade II and 38 (90.47%) were grade III. Stage and tumours >3 cm in size were associated with bladder cancer progression-free survival and overall survival. We did not find any statistical differences with collagenase 3 expression related with stage and size. Conclusions: Immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 in invasive bladder cancer is not useful as marker for transformation and invasion. These findings should be evaluated in large multicentre prospective trials.

Matriz Metaloproteinase 2: um importante marcador genético para colesteatomas

Este estudo foi desenvolvido para determinar a presença de MMP2 em colesteatomas humanos e observar se colesteatomas que complicam (invasivos) apresentam uma maior expressão imunohistoquímica de Matriz Metaloproteinase 2 (MMP2). Colesteatomas produzem enzimas que causam erosão óssea, como a MMP2. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Analisamos a expressão imunohistoquímica de MMP2 em colesteatomas invasivos, comparando-os aos latentes. Um estudo de corte transversal com dezenove lâminas e blocos parafinados de colesteatoma, derivados de mastoidectomias, foram desparafinados e submetidos à técnica imunohistoquímica com anticorpos anti-MMP2. RESULTADOS: Os resultados foram expressos em 0 (tênue), + (leve), ++ (moderado) e +++ (intenso), de acordo com a intensidade da expressão de MMP2. As expressões 0 e + foram denominadas Fraca e as expressões ++ e +++, Forte. Dos 8 colesteatomas invasivos, 7 apresentaram Forte expressão de MMP2 (87,5%). Com relação aos colesteatomas latentes (11), apenas 3 apresentaram Forte expressão de MMP2 (27,3%), com um teste exato de Fisher significante (p= 0,015). CONCLUSÃO: Colesteatomas expressam MMP2 e colesteatomas invasivos expressam MMP2 com maior intensidade, em relação aos latentes.

Matrix Metalloproteinase 2: an important genetic marker for cholesteatomas

SummaryAim: This study is to determine the MMP2's presence in cholesteatomas and whether complicating cholesteatomas show a higher immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2. Cholesteatoma produces enzymesthat cause bone erosion like Matrixmetalloproteinase 2 (MMP2).Material and MethodsWe analyzed the expression of MMP2 in invasive (causing complications) compared to latent cholesteatomas (not causing complications). A crosssectional study with nineteen slides and paraffin blocks of cholesteatomas derived from mastoidectomies were located and processed, including 8 invasive and 11 latent cholesteatomas. Immunohistochemical thecnique was empregated to MMP2.ResultsThe results are expressed as 0, + (to low), ++ and +++(high) according to the quantity and color of the immunohistochemical staining of MMP2. Higher expression of MMP2 was observed in 7 (87.5%) of the 8 invasive cholesteatomas. With respect to latent cholesteatomas, higher expression of MMP2 was observed in 27.3% (3 cases), with Fisher's exact test indicating a significant difference (p=0.015).ConclusionsCholesteatoamas express MMP2 and Invasive cholesteatomas had high MMP2 compared to latent cholesteatomas.

Immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2, 9, and 14 in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and common fibrous histiocytoma (dermatofibroma).

Abstract Context.—Common fibrous histiocytoma (cFH) or dermatofibroma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) are 2 spindle cell mesenchymal tumors that are distinguished in part by their micros...

Immunohistochemical Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Bile Duct Cancer Tissue

In the present study we have examined the immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in bile duct cancer tissue and the relationship between MMP expression and various clinicopathologic factors. We performed immunohistochemical studies of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3). MMP2 and MMP3 were expressed in 48.9% (23/47) and 44.7% (21/47) of the subjects, respectively. Subjects positive for MMP2 showed significantly higher association rates of MMP3 expression than those who were not (p<0.05). MMP2 expression was also significantly higher in the group with histologically well-differentiated lesions than in the group with poorly differentiated lesions (p<0.05). Expression of MM2 and MM3 was significantly higher in subjects with neural invasion (p<0.05). The MMP2-negative group had a significantly better prognosis than the MMP2-positive group (p<0.05). MMP2 expression tended to increase as the degree of differentiation decreased, and this indicated a possibility that MMP2 and MMP3 may be involved in the development of perineural invasion in bile duct cancer. Perineural invasion is an important prognostic factor in bile duct cancer, and the fact that various types of cytokines are involved in the activation of MMPs suggested that bile duct cancer complicated by obstructive cholangitis might be associated with a poorer prognosis.

MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-7 IS A USEFUL MARKER FOR PREDICTING AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR OF SUBMUCOSAL GASTRIC CANCER

To elucidate the process of metastasis in submucosal gastric cancer (SM-GC), we examined the immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs: MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs: TIMP-1, and TIMP-2) in 66 cases of SM-GC, and compared them with clinicopathological findings of the cases. The positive rates for MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were 42.4%, 33.3%, 9.1%, 0%, and 48.5%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between MMP-7 positive rate and the degree of tumor invasion. Moreover, only MMP-7 positive rate was significantly higher in cases with lymphatic invasion, vascular vessel invasion, and lymph nodes metastasis than in cases without them. MMP-2 positive rate was significantly higher in cases with massive submucosal invasion (sm2) and intestinal-type carcinoma. There were no significant correlations between clinicopathological findings and positive rates for MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2. In logistic regression, MMP-7 immunoreactivity was found to be an independent risk factor of lymphatic invasion, vascular vessel invasion, and lymph nodes metastasis. These data suggest that MMP-7 is an important factor implicated in local invasion and metastasis, and would be a useful marker for predicting aggressive behavior of SM-GC.