Immigrant Mothers Research Articles

Braiding Our Lives

Adult literacy is a pressing policy issue in Canada. Reports reveal immigrant communities as accounting for a relatively large share of the country’s population experiencing low reading, writing, numeracy, and information processing skills. This paper explores how Black immigrant women who are adult literacy learners negotiate and reconfigure their motherwork while living abroad in Toronto with their families. This article presents insights obtained from six in-depth interviews with African Caribbean mothers living in Toronto. In these interviews, participants shared stories that centre the following questions: What are the literacy experiences of Black immigrant mothers who are adult learners? How can we better support their literacy journey? Drawing on an arts-informed narrative methodology, this study compiled findings gained from interviews into the creative non-fiction story Braiding Our Lives. Braiding Our Lives captures personal narratives, shared by study participants, highlighting the central role of homeplace and cultural work in the lives of Black immigrant mothers who are literacy learners.

Strangers helping strangers in a strange land: Vietnamese immigrant (expectant) mothers in the US use social media to navigate health issues in acculturation.

Trying to adapt to a new culture, Vietnamese (expectant) mothers in the USA gathered in few Facebook groups with thousands of members discussing pregnancy, health, and child caring issues. However, there is little research exploring how social support was given/taken among these (expectant) mothers. This empirical research aims at shedding light on how such mothers use social media groups for social support seeking/providing regarding health utilization during their acculturation process. Drawing from Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Utilization, acculturation, and online social support conceptual frameworks, this study analyzes 18 in-depth interviews with immigrant Vietnamese (expectant) mothers in the United States on the use of social media in navigating health acculturation during their pregnancy and motherhood. Results show that these mothers give and take all forms of social support including informational, emotional, relational, and instrumental ones. Facebook groups do not provide the best environment for improving "bonding" social capital for its members. However, these groups provide a platform where "strangers help strangers" overcome various barriers to sufficiently understand and independently access and use the official healthcare system. The groups, hence, aid these women's pregnancy and their child(ren)'s health. The informational and emotional support provided by Facebook groups among (soon-to-be) mothers helped them tremendously in overcoming acculturative stress. Moreover, with better language skills, knowledge, and experience in using health and social security systems, help-seekers tend to be transformed into help providers to deliver support for those "newcomers." This research provides insights into personal experience on the uses of social media in navigating health behavior in the process of acculturation among Vietnamese immigrant (expectant) mothers in the United States. The research seeks to contribute to the conceptual frameworks and practical experience of behavioral model of health utitlization among immigrant Vietnamese ethnic immigrant pregnant women and mothers of babies and toddlers in navigating health during acculturation process in the United States. The limitations and future research suggestions are also discussed.

Breastfeeding Practices and Associated Factors among Immigrant Muslim Arab Women Living in a Metropolitan Area of the Southwest of United States.

Muslim Arab immigrants are a fast-growing, under-studied, and underserved minority population in the United States. Little is known about breastfeeding practices in this population. The objective of this study was to describe infant feeding practices and factors associated with these practices among immigrant Muslim Arab women. A nonexperimental-one group, cross-sectional, descriptive, prospective design was used to identify infant feeding practices among immigrant Muslim Arab women. A convenience sample of one hundred sixteen immigrant Muslim Arab women with at least one child five years or younger was recruited from a large metropolitan area in the Southwestern region. Participants completed the social ecological model of health promotion self-reported questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were performed to identify infant feeding practices and logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with these practices. Immigrant Muslim Arab mothers demonstrate high breastfeeding initiation rates (99.2%) and lengthy breastfeeding duration (M = 11.86, SD = 8.04), but low rates of exclusive breastfeeding at six months (21.6%). The most frequent reasons for early termination of breastfeeding were perceived insufficient milk (44.4%), child was still hungry after breastfeeding (37.5%), and the belief that the child was old enough to stop breastfeeding (32.9%). Development of educational interventions are needed to improve breastfeeding exclusivity and raise women's awareness of the importance of exclusive breastfeeding. Healthcare providers should help women gain confidence in their ability to produce enough milk to successfully continue breastfeeding.

Designing culturally situated playful environments for early STEM learning with a Latine community

Children from underserved, minoritized, and immigrant families have less access to early out-of-school STEM learning opportunities. Playful Learning Landscapes increase the accessibility of early STEM learning in everyday public spaces (e.g., bus stops, grocery stores) by merging principles of guided play and STEM learning goals with local community's values. We used community-based design research to (1) identify Latine families’ funds of knowledge related to play, science, and math learning, and (2) create designs for playful environments merging families’ values and practices with guided play and STEM learning principles. Our design partners were 32 parents, primarily Spanish-speaking immigrant mothers from Mexico, and two directors of a local community organization. The design process consisted of co-design sessions, interviews, inductive thematic analysis, elaboration, playtest and feedback, and iteration. Our findings showed that familismo, heritage representation, and the meaning of community spaces influenced the ways families engaged in STEM learning and the learning environments they desired in their community. Moreover, families’ STEM practices were rooted in everyday experiences of playing cultural games, family food routines, and outdoor activities. Incorporating Latine parents in the design process and leveraging their funds of knowledge resulted in culturally situated designs aligned with playful and STEM learning principles. This study contributes to knowledge of Latine families’ values and practices that can help create home-community connections to strengthen children's learning.

Comprehensive Comparisons of Family Health Between Families With One Immigrant Parent and Native Families in Taiwan: Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Mothers and children in families with one immigrant parent have been reported to be healthier than those in native families; however, the health of the fathers in these families has rarely been discussed in literature. We aimed to comprehensively compare the health of all the family members between families with one immigrant parent (native fathers, immigrant mothers, and their children) and native families (native fathers, native mothers, and their children). We conducted a cohort study by using the Taiwan Maternal and Child Health Database to recruit live-born children and their parents from 2004 to 2016. Overall, we identified 90,670 fathers, 91,270 mothers, and 132,457 children in families with one immigrant parent and 1,666,775 fathers, 1,734,104 mothers, and 2,637,191 children in native families and followed up with them from 2004 to 2017. The outcomes comprised common physical and mental disorders, catastrophic illnesses, mortality, and child adversities and accidents. The covariates comprised the child's year of birth, parental age, low-income status, and physical or mental disorder status. Logistic regression was performed to compare the risks of the outcomes between families with one immigrant parent and native families. The parents in families with one immigrant parent were more likely to be of low-income status and were older than the parents in native families. After adjusting for the covariates, fathers in families with one immigrant parent were found to have higher risks of physical and mental disorders, catastrophic illness, and mortality than fathers in native families. Conversely, mothers in families with one immigrant parent had lower risks of physical and mental disorders, catastrophic illness, and mortality than mothers in native families. Finally, the children in families with one immigrant parent generally had better physical and mental health but higher risks for leukemia, liver diseases, autism spectrum disorder, and road traffic accidents than children in native families. The health status of the members of families with one immigrant parent was nonhomogeneous, and the poorer general health of fathers in such families suggests health inequalities in families with one immigrant parent.

Civic Engagement and Latina Immigrant Mothers' Remote Learning Involvement During COVID‐191

Immigrant incorporation scholars have established that racialized immigrant parents encounter several barriers in their children's schooling: namely, language and cultural differences, discrimination, unfamiliarity with the U.S. schooling system, and unhelpful school agents. However, less is known about the mechanisms that lessen these challenges. Drawing on insights from immigrant incorporation and civic engagement literature, this study examines how advocacy organizations can mediate the barriers racialized immigrant parents face in their children's schooling. A case study of 20 Latina immigrant mothers is used to demonstrate how civically engaged parents drew on their participation with a local advocacy organization—Parent's Choice—to overcome the barriers that emerged during the transition to remote learning due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Findings suggest that immigrant mothers leveraged their connection to Parent's Choice to learn how to use technology, get district‐related updates, secure devices necessary for at‐home learning, create complaints or demands for services at their children's school, fill out paperwork, and access community‐based referrals. Parent's Choice provided support and empowered Latina immigrant parents by minimizing the overwhelming barriers they faced during online learning. These findings complicate our understanding of immigrant civic engagement patterns and provide implications of how civic engagement can facilitate the incorporation of marginalized parents in educational institutions.

I do the best i can: The role of immigrant parents in their children’s educational inclusion

The research highlights the importance of immigrant parents assuming a leading and mediating role in the processes of school adjustment and their children’s educational inclusion. However, the difficulties that parents have to face as a consequence of the migration process are not always taken into account. These families have to face their own acculturation processes and reorganize their roles in the host society. This study analyses the functions that immigrant parents carry out in the new school context in order to favor the educational inclusion of their children. The analysis is approached from the parents’ perspective, in order to understand the way in which families live and try to favor their children’s access, participation and success at school. Ethnographic research and the use of qualitative techniques such as in-depth interviews are used. The perceptions of three immigrant fathers and seven immigrant mothers with different backgrounds and nationalities in a public school in Huelva (Andalusia, Spain) are analyzed. The results point to the great fragility and difficulty experienced by these parents in exercising their parental functions in the new context. Women, especially those from Poland, Lithuania, and Romania, compared to their husbands or partners, seem to suffer greater stress due to their dual role as guarantors of the culture of origin and facilitators of the host culture. In order to favor the educational inclusion of their children, parents prioritize – primarily – access to resources, but also the monitoring of their children’s homework and emotional support. However, a relationship model based on cultural assimilation prevails. Among the factors that condition the behavior of parents are their economic vulnerability, lack of knowledge of the language, limited social support, cultural differences and prejudices. The importance of the school supporting parents, and especially mothers, in their acculturation processes and their relationship with the school is underlined. In this endeavor, it is essential to count on the collaboration of different agents, such as intercultural counselors or other parents in the school.

Home-Based Parent Involvement, Parental Warmth, and Kindergarten Outcomes Among Children of Immigrant Parents

ABSTRACT Research Findings: Immigrant families who represent a growing share of the early schooling population face unique challenges related to involvement in their children’s education. This study examined whether and to what extent home-based parent involvement and parental warmth are associated with the socio-emotional and academic outcomes of children of immigrant mothers during the kindergarten year – a critical and sensitive period for later school success. The study sample included 9,187 children from the base year of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010–11. Among the major findings, the study revealed that Hispanic and Asian immigrant parents, on average, were less frequently involved in home-based activities and reported less warmth than U.S.-born parents. Additionally, greater frequency of home-based parent involvement was associated with better interpersonal skills for both children of Hispanic immigrant mothers and children of Asian immigrant mothers, but home-based involvement was also positively associated with reading and math scores for children of Asian immigrant mothers. Moreover, the association between home-based involvement and socio-emotional outcomes was manifested broadly among poor children of immigrant mothers. Practice or Policy: The findings highlight the importance of understanding cultural differences in parent involvement and parenting styles to enhance immigrant children’s educational experiences.

Changes in the Public Charge Rule and Health of Mothers and Infants Enrolled in New York State's Medicaid Program, 2014‒2019.

Objectives. To examine the effect of the January 2017 leak of the federal government's intent to broaden the public charge rule (making participation in some public programs a barrier to citizenship) on immigrant mothers and newborns in New York State. Methods. We used New York State Medicaid data (2014-2019) to measure the effects of the rule leak (January 2017) on Medicaid enrollment, health care utilization, and severe maternal morbidity among women who joined Medicaid during their pregnancies and on the birth weight of their newborns. We repeated our analyses using simulated measures of citizenship status. Results. We observed an immediate statewide delay in prenatal Medicaid enrollment by immigrant mothers (odds ratio = 1.49). Using predicted citizenship, we observed significantly larger declines in birth weight (-56 grams) among infants of immigrant mothers. Conclusions. Leak of the public charge rule was associated with a significant delay in prenatal Medicaid enrollment among immigrant women and a significant decrease in birth weight among their newborns. Local public health officials should consider expanding health access and outreach programs to immigrant communities during times of pervasive antiimmigrant sentiment. (Am J Public Health. 2022; 112(12):1747-1756. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307066).

The Cartographers by Amy Zhang

Reviewed by: The Cartographers by Amy Zhang Amanda Toledo Zhang, Amy The Cartographers. Greenwillow, 2023 [320p] Trade ed. 9780062383075 $17.99 E-book ed. 9780062383099 $11.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R* Gr. 10-12 At seventeen, Ocean is severely depressed, and she’s taking a gap year in New York City while her mom believes she’s attending university. During a city-wide power outage she meets Constantine Brave, a philosophy major with a crooked smile who graffitis intricate maps around the city. He is charming and thrilling, and the two begin communicating through an untitled document shared in the cloud. Ocean clings to their time together and their sporadic communication despite the fact that Constant is almost twenty-two, speaks pedantically at length without leaving her much space to share her thoughts, and has a “sometimes girlfriend” studying abroad. As her infatuation with Constantine deepens along with her depression, an overwhelmed Ocean finds herself in situations with higher emotional and literal risks. With gutting [End Page 138] clarity, the prose depicts the surrealness and pain of living with derealization and suicidal ideation, and how Ocean’s vulnerability makes her the unfortunate victim of a narcissistic partner. The book gives particular nuance to Ocean’s mixed feelings about having sex with Constant, an off-screen encounter that leaves her uncertain about her own consent. Ocean’s relationships with the women in her life add further dimension: her supportive roommates Georgie and Tashya, and her immigrant mother, whose deep well of love is often obscured by the cultural gap between them. Zhang’s realistic portrayal of mental illness does not include external support such as seeking therapy, but it could be a great part of a display with additional resources on mental health and abusive relationships. Hand this to anyone trying their best wobbling through the precarious and precious parts of life. Copyright © 2022 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Pitfalls of belonging-work. The dialectics of belonging and exclusion in Finnish immigrant integration policies

ABSTRACT As participatory integration policies proliferate in Europe, it has become urgent to examine how the relational techniques of government they deploy condition migrants’ membership in their host societies. This article forges an interactive and intersectional approach to the analysis of integration policies with the intent of laying bare the complex dynamics of belonging and exclusion played out in their context. Based on an ethnographic study in Helsinki, the article shows how the intendedly inclusive and egalitarian “homey” mode of belonging promoted by welfare professionals engenders uneven conditions for immigrant women to partake in the local community and broader Finnish society. Premised on gendered, culturalized, and classed categories of citizenship and belonging the neighbourhood house provides positive recognition to “respectable” (immigrant) mothers but also perpetuates the division between natives and immigrants and requires more belonging work from them than their native peers.

Secular trend in prevalence and socioeconomic correlates of diabetes in pregnancy in Taiwan.

To assess the trend in prevalence and socioeconomic correlates of diabetes in pregnancy (DIP) in Taiwan from 2007 to 2014. In all, 1 606 344 pregnancies, including 199 383 DIP (1693 with pre-pregnancy type 1 diabetes [T1DM], 17 171 with pre-pregnancy type 2 diabetes [T2DM], and 180 519 with gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM]) were investigated. Logistic regression models were performed to identify the covariates significantly associating with DIP. Over the study period, the prevalence of pre-pregnancy T2DM increased by 568.44%; the prevalence of T1DM and GDM also increased but with a smaller magnitude. However, only the prevalence of pre-pregnancy T2DM showed an increase after socioeconomic variables were considered. Compared with immigrant mothers, native-born mothers had a significantly higher adjusted odds ratio of DIP, particularly pre-pregnancy T1DM (3.33, 95% confidence interval 1.57-7.05). Additionally, indigenous mothers and those from rural areas had a higher prevalence of pre-pregnancy T2DM but lower prevalence of GDM. Lower maternal education and income were associated with higher prevalence of pre-pregnancy T1DM but lower prevalence of pre-pregnancy T2DM and GDM. Socioeconomic variables largely accounted for the increased secular trend in pre-pregnancy T1DM and GDM, but the prevalence of pre-pregnancy T2DM still doubled, which was independent of socioeconomic covariates.

Developmental trajectories of internalizing distress among ethnic minoritized mothers following childbirth: Associations with early child psychological adjustment.

A substantial body of work has established that mothers' internalizing distress can negatively affect children's socioemotional development. Yet few studies have examined how distinct patterns of mothers' distress over time differentially impact child behaviors across early childhood. To address this gap, the current study explored developmental trajectories of mothers' internalizing distress and examined the associations of these patterns with child adjustment outcomes. Mexican immigrant, Dominican immigrant, and African American mothers (N = 272) were annually assessed for internalizing distress over the first 6 years following childbirth. Children's psychological adjustment (internalizing, externalizing, and hyperactivity behaviors) was measured at the last yearly assessment in first grade. A growth mixture model revealed two distinct classes of distress where mothers were classified as having low stable distress (82.4%) or moderate distress that began as stable then declined when their children were 64 months old (17.6%). Children of mothers in the moderate, late decline class showed greater internalizing, externalizing, and hyperactivity behaviors in the first grade compared to children of mothers in the low stable class. Findings highlight the necessity of supporting the mental health of ethnic minoritized mothers following childbirth and further expand our knowledge of family psychopathology to promote healthy psychological adjustment in children.

Immigrant mothers between social isolation and informal network. A pedagogical reflection on social support in migration from the life-stories of women of Arab-Muslim origin in Milan

Immigrant mothers between social isolation and informal network. A pedagogical reflection on social support in migration from the life-stories of women of Arab-Muslim origin in Milan

The social integration process of highly skilled immigrant mothers and the intergenerational legacy. A case study of Denmark reality

The social integration process of highly skilled immigrant mothers and the intergenerational legacy. A case study of Denmark reality

Creencias y saberes alimentarios, como resistencia al cambio cultural de las mujeres madres de familia inmigrantes en Culiacán, Sinaloa

Social work as a scientific discipline is concerned with identifying and understanding those social and cultural determinants with respect to health-food, which are part of the identity of immigrant groups in the horticultural region of Culiacán, in order to analyze those social aspects and cultural ones that must be influenced to improve the health of immigrant families who come in search of health-nutritional promotion and education services. Therefore, this article presents the results regarding food beliefs and knowledge in immigrant women mothers, this being part of a broader study on the food culture of women-mothers of families from marginal spaces in Culiacan, Sinaloa, in where food identity is rescued as an essential part of these peoples and considered as cultural elements that must be taken into account in food and nutrition education programs. A study was carried out with a qualitative approach, with the use of microethnography and phenomenology for data collection, with the use of direct participant observation, open, semi-structured interviews and a sociodemographic identity card survey, for characterization of the participating sample. The most relevant findings of this research are mainly; the existence of beliefs, knowledge possessed by women mothers of immigrant families that they put into practice in their daily life for the health care of themselves and their children. As well as the existence of methodologies for the preparation and preservation of food as effective technologies to maintain food for long periods of time, and finally the use of traditional foods as part of the identity of their places of origin and as part of the resistance to change culture.

Occupational Attainment Among Parents in Germany and the US 2000–2016: The Role of Gender and Immigration Status

In many OECD countries, women are underrepresented in high status, high paying occupations and overrepresented in lower status work. One reason for this inequity is the “motherhood penalty,” where women with children face more roadblocks in hiring and promotions than women without children or men with children. This research focuses on divergent occupational outcomes between men and women with children and analyzes whether parental gender gaps in occupational status are more extreme for immigrant populations. Using data from the Luxembourg Cross-National Data Center, I compare changes in gendered occupational segregation from 2000 to 2016 in Germany and the USA among immigrant and native-born parents. Multinomial logistic regression models and predicted probabilities show that despite instituting policies intended to reduce parental gender inequality in the workforce, Germany fares worse than the USA in gendered occupational outcomes overall. While the gap between mothers’ and fathers’ probabilities of employment in high status jobs is shrinking over time in Germany, particularly for immigrant mothers, Germany’s gender gaps in professional occupations are consistently larger than gaps in the US. Likewise, gender gaps in elementary/labor work participation are also larger in Germany, with immigrant mothers having a much higher likelihood of working in labor/elementary occupations than any other group—including US immigrant women. These findings suggest that work-family policies—at least those implemented in Germany—are not cure-all solutions for entrenched gender inequality. Results also demonstrate the importance of considering the interaction between gender and other demographic characteristics—like immigrant status—when determining the potential effectiveness of proposed work-family policies.

Universal screening for postpartum depression? Inequalities and barriers among immigrant mothers

Abstract Background Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious public health concern affecting 12% of women globally. Early detection is necessary to provide timely support. In Scandinavian countries, universal screening is recommended. However, migrant women, who are at increased risk of PPD, seem to be screened less often. Still, there is limited knowledge about 1) how acculturation relates to screening, and 2) how healthcare providers navigate PDD screening with migrant women. Aims and methods We used a mixed-methods approach to explore whether and why inequalities in PPD screening using the Edinburgh postpartum depression scale (EPDS) may exist in the context of universal PPD screening within the free home-visiting program in Denmark. Data from 77,694 infants and their mothers participating in the Danish home-visiting program (2015-2018) was used to examine the prevalence of participation in PPD screening and its association with migrant status and acculturation factors. We interviewed 16 health visitors to examine qualitatively challenges and strategies used when assessing PPD among immigrant mothers. Results Immigrant women were 80% more likely to lack screening (adj. RR 1.81-1.90). All factors indicating lower acculturation, such as shorter length of residence, older age at migration, and having studied abroad were independently associated with increased risk of lack of screening. Thematic analysis of qualitative data showed how cultural and linguistic differences and organizational constraints limit health visitors’ ability to assess immigrant women's mental health needs. Although health visitors often used EPDS as an opener to talk about mental health, they did not use it as an ‘assessment’. Conclusions This study shows inequalities in PPD screening than may result in reduced use of mental health services among immigrant women. The experiences of health visitors shed light on how to improve the identification of PPD among immigrant mothers. Key messages • Migrant women in Denmark, even those who have migrated as children, are at risk of being left out of PPD screening programs. • Limited organizational support and cultural competences makes PPD screening among immigrant women not feasible for maternal health visitors.

4.N. Workshop: Maternal Oral Health Models and Initiatives in Global and Public Health Perspectives

Abstract Achieving and maintaining good oral health is essential for both the oral and overall health of expecting mothers and the oral health of their young children. Dental caries can negatively affect daily activities, including eating, speaking, and social interaction. When expecting mothers have active dental caries, the risk for dental caries in these children becomes higher. Another common oral disease, periodontitis, was associated with systemic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, diabetes, and potentially adverse birth outcomes. Some studies also showed the systemic impact of periodontal disease and the related pathogens that can lead to systemic inflammation and adverse birth outcomes, even though periodontal treatment has not been shown to improve birth outcomes. A mother's oral health status, her oral health knowledge, and beliefs also have been shown to significantly affect diet and home oral hygiene practice for young children. All the evidence suggests that pregnancy should be considered a critical period in which oral health education and dental care should be provided to improve the oral health of mothers and their young children. Despite the importance of a mother's oral health and their oral health knowledge in preventing dental caries in young children, maternal oral health is much neglected in primary and prenatal health discussions. This is even more significant in developing countries with inadequate oral health care infrastructure and workforce. In addition, with increased sugar consumption worldwide, oral disease prevention and oral health promotion are the keys to achieving oral health parity among the maternal and child population. This workshop aims to position maternal oral health as essential primary and perinatal health care and discuss the care models and initiatives in various contexts and geographical locations. At the care delivery and community-based interventions, Dr. Sophia will discuss her oral health education and tobacco cessation initiative for pregnant women in India. Dr. Irene will demonstrate her integrated oral health training model for midwives and dental providers in Indonesia. She will describe how her collaboration with the local government achieves collaborative training and care delivery to improve mothers and their spouses’ oral health and oral health knowledge in rural Indonesia. Dr. Jane will showcase her material oral health model for refugee and immigrant mothers in Switzerland. Lastly, Dr. Khabiso from South Africa will present how maternal oral health can be integrated at the national policy level through the collective efforts of public health organizations. Dr. Lee, the chair of this workshop, will provide a literature review on maternal oral health studies and how maternal oral health can be an essential part of primary and perinatal care and the WHO oral health initiative set for 2030. Key messages • Maternal oral health is essential in primary and perinatal health care discussion and a critical optic for global and public health agendas. • There are various maternal oral health programs and initiatives around the globe at care delivery level, community level, and policy level.

The Value of M(other)work: Reframing Parent Involvement Through a Muxerista Framework

ABSTRACT Schools traditionally measure parent involvement based on a set of scripted tasks and practices, which diminishes the unique forms of parent engagement that historically marginalized parents engage in. Based on the experiences of ten Mexican immigrant mothers and their daughters, in this article, I aim to reframe parent involvement through a muxerista framework. Using Chicana/Latina feminist theory, I examined the ways the mothers supported the educational attainment of their high-achieving daughters. Data comprised 30 pláticas: 10 from the mothers, 10 from the daughters, and 10 from each mother-daughter dyad. I discuss three distinct ways in which the mothers involved themselves in their high-achieving daughters’ education, including via work, spirituality, and storytelling. This muxerista form of parent involvement provided the daughters with the skills and knowledge to navigate oppression. I conclude with a call for educators to reimagine parent involvement through the epistemologies and lived experiences of Parents of Color.