Immigrant Boy Research Articles

The comorbidity of somatic symptom and major depressive disorders in the times of COVID-19 lockdown in adolescence: A case-report study

Physical symptoms with normal clinical examinations have been reported without detectable structural or biochemical abnormalities in the comorbidity of somatic symptom disorder and major depressive disorder. This association can have a debilitating effect on their academic and social performance. This case report is about a 13-year-old Afghani immigrant boy with no previous psychiatric history who developed severe body pain leading to a disability during the COVID-19 lockdown and social isolation. During further evaluation, all his clinical examinations were normal, and the diagnosis of major depressive disorder and somatic symptom disorder was confirmed. Cognitive behavioral therapy includes cognitive therapy, changing lifestyle, and a motivational support method. Medical treatment with olanzapine, fluvoxamine, and gabapentin was started. During follow-up, there was improvement in the patient’s mood, and the patient began to walk and communicate. It is important to suspect an association of somatic symptom disorder and major depressive disorder in patients with severe body pain and multiemotional factors. Psychiatrists should keep in mind that emotional factors can play a significant role in causing and maintaining physical symptoms.

ODP398 A Novel NR5A1 Gene Mutation Causing 46, XY DSD Without Adrenal Insufficiency in an Immigrant Boy from Dominican Republic

Abstract Background The NR5A1 gene encodes steroidogenic factor-1 (SF1), a key transcription factor involved in adrenal and gonadal development. We present a 12-year old boy with a novel, dominant, heterozygous, and probably pathogenic variant of this gene (c.102+1G>C) resulting in incomplete masculinization [46, XY disorder of sex development (DSD)]. Clinical case: This 12-year-old boy, who had immigrated from the Dominican Republic to the United States, was referred at 8 years of age with a diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). He received hCG injections as a neonate and had been prescribed hydrocortisone 7 mg/m 2 /day and fludrocortisone 0.1 mg/day orally for CAH, although compliance was poor. After migrating to the United States, his supply of medications depleted, and he was taken to a local emergency room with fatigue and abdominal pain. Vital signs and electrolyte levels were normal. There was no history of adrenal crisis, testes were not palpable, and inguinal testicles measuring 2.8×1.1 cm on the right and 2.2×1 cm on the left were reported on MRI. When he presented to the pediatric endocrinology clinic, his mother denied history of consanguinity, PCOS, or use of hormones during pregnancy. She reported a history of two spontaneous miscarriages with father of patient and a younger healthy son from another partner. Physical exam showed ambiguous genitalia with underdeveloped scrotum, mild hyperpigmentation, bilateral non-palpable testicles within scrotum, severe penoscrotal hypospadias, stretched penile length (SPL) of 2cm×1.5 cm, and chordee. He had axillary hair and a Tanner stage 2 for pubic hair. A high-dose ACTH stimulation study (250 mcg IV cosyntropin) showed a peak cortisol level at 19.6 μg/dL, peak 17-hydroxyprogesterone of 100 ng/dL, and baseline and peak pregnenolone levels of 6 ng/dL and 43 ng/dL, respectively, with low to normal values of other precursors ruling out CAH. Gonadotropin levels were prepubertal (LH < 0.3 mIU/mL, FSH 2.9 mIU/mL), testosterone <4 ng/dL, and dihydrotestosterone 0.73 ng/dL. Chromosomal studies confirmed 46, XY. With a clinical diagnosis of 46,XY DSD (undervirilized male) and male gender identity, a 2-stage orchiopexy was completed. After a six-month course of monthly 50 mg cypionate testosterone, SPL improved to 4 cm and pubic hair progressed to Tanner stage 3. Surgical repair of penoscrotal hypospadias and chordee were then completed. A 46, XY DSD/complete gonadal dysgenesis DNA panel sequencing identified a novel, dominant, heterozygous, likely pathogenic variant of the NR5A1 gene [c.102+1G>C]. This is a canonical splice donor site of intron 2. Conclusion A novel sequence change in the NR5A1 gene causing a severe phenotype of 46,XY undervirilized male is presented here in a boy originally misdiagnosed with CAH. This case emphasizes the need for complete evaluation with molecular genetic screening for those patients with 46,XY DSDs. Presentation: No date and time listed

Hope Is an Arrow: The Story of Lebanese American Poet Kahlil Gibran by Cory McCarthy

Reviewed by: Hope Is an Arrow: The Story of Lebanese American Poet Kahlil Gibran by Cory McCarthy Elizabeth Bush McCarthy, Cory Hope Is an Arrow: The Story of Lebanese American Poet Kahlil Gibran; illus. by Ekua Holmes and with photographs. Candlewick, 2022 [40p] Trade ed. ISBN 9781536200324 $18.99 Reviewed from digital galleys Ad 6-10 yrs In this picture book biography of early twentieth-century painter and poet Gibran, McCarthy grounds spiritual and mystical explorations in the story of an introverted immigrant boy, who moved with his mother and siblings from Lebanon to Boston's South End when his father was jailed for political reasons back home. Painting was Gibran's first talent to flourish, and by his late teens he had artwork published, but he eventually expanded his artistic talent to poetry, tapping into his relationships with his family and to his native country. By the time of his death in 1931 he had become one of Lebanon's best-known sons. McCarthy's text can reach a primary grade audience with supplemental adult assistance (there is, for example, no explanation of the struggles of Maronite and Druze religious communities in Lebanon), but despite specifics on Gibran's early years and well-selected and placed quotations from his poetry, the content and popularity of his work are underexplored. Older readers who read the text in tandem with McCarthy's excellent end matter annotations will derive a much fuller picture of character and motivation. Holmes's vibrant collages, replete with Middle Eastern patterns and motifs, easily span these levels of readership, with scenes literal enough for primary-graders and sophisticated enough for middle-graders. A brief bibliography is included. Copyright © 2022 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Correction to: Guido Weiss: From Immigrant Boy to Internationally Renowned Mathematician

Correction to: Guido Weiss: From Immigrant Boy to Internationally Renowned Mathematician

Guido Weiss: From Immigrant Boy to Internationally Renowned Mathematician

A brief biographical account of Guido Weiss’ life; his accomplishments, mathematics, and diverse interests; and several anecdotes of his interactions with family, friends, colleagues, and students.

From the Editors

From the Editors

Performing curriculum and constructing identity: small stories as a framework for studying identity and learning in classroom discourse

ABSTRACTThis classroom discourse study examines how curriculum becomes a resource for identity performance in one ESL classroom. Conceptualizing identity as performance, I adopt a small stories approach to analyze how one routinized vocabulary instructional activity was appropriated by classroom participants to perform identities and construct the classroom moral order. Through analyses of two excerpts of classroom talk, I show that the ESL teacher narrated her story into teaching as an instructional example and performed a dominating teacher identity rhetorically portrayed in a morally positive light. A Taiwanese immigrant boy appropriated the language practice for displaying a funny, nonlearner masculinity. His identity-displaying narrative, however, ran counter to the moral expectation of being a “good learner” embedded in this language activity, leading to his social identification as a problem student. This analysis illustrates that the identity categories in the language curriculum provided linguistic resources for the classroom participants to perform identities that worked to perpetuate or challenge dominant discourses of being. The process of teaching and learning is deeply intertwined with identity negotiation and moral positioning. This analysis also illuminates the theoretical and methodological affordances of a small stories approach to examine the emergence of identities in language classroom discourse.

On the Way to a Good Man Again—An Analysis of Amir in The Kite Runner from Perspective of Freud’s Personality Structure Theory

The Kite Runner is the first novel that was written by Afghan-American writer Khaled Hosseini. This novel tells the story of an Afghan immigrant boy called Amir in the United States and his spiritual redemption of his fault made during his childhood, using the first-person perspective. This thesis attempts to analyze Amir's triple personality thoroughly: id, ego and superego from Freud’s personality structure theory, making readers have a deep understanding of how Amir lost, how to form the powerful self, and finally to complete the sublimation of his personality to be a good man. Meanwhile it aims to analyze how Amir forms his own ego.

Citations of Norms and Lines of Flight in One Immigrant Boy's Performances of Masculinities and Reading Identities

AbstractIn this ethnographic case study, the author examined one immigrant adolescent's performances of masculinities through reading practices. The author analyzed how Omar (pseudonym), a Muslim boy from Libya, used reading practices to produce himself as a boy in one U.S. multilingual classroom. Extending the anti‐essentialist scholarship on gender and reading, the author brought together Butler's queer feminism and Deleuze and Guattari's philosophy of becoming to further trouble gender and analyze the instability of Omar's masculinity performances in relation to reading practice. Through analyses of field notes, classroom interactions, and artifacts, this study showed that Omar discursively performed and negotiated multiple and seemingly conflicting reading identities across time and space. Although he was discursively positioned as a nonreader in classroom interactions, he also performed disengagement with reading to display a cool, nonschoolish masculinity aligned to the normative discourses of Arab masculinity to which he was subject. However, he also enacted reader identity and behaviors not traditionally associated with masculinity. Omar's identity negotiation, interactionally and socially situated, demonstrated the instability of masculinity performances, featuring repeated citation of gender norms fissured with lines of flight breaking away from normative ways of being. This analysis contributes to the anti‐essentialist research on boys and literacies by shedding light on the regulations and ruptures in masculinity performances of a gendered subject. The study highlights the importance of situating analysis of gender and reading practices within the social and power relations in the discursive and interactional space. Addressing space allows a close reading of how gender hegemonies operate and fracture in micro movements of identity performance and how space can be shaped to open up opportunities for becoming‐other.

Elevated lead level from a tobacco source requiring chelation in a 12-year-old child

Context: Across the world, tobacco is used in a variety of forms, including being smoked or added to a “quid” that is then chewed. We report a case of lead poisoning in a child from tobacco imported from Thailand.Case details: A 12-year-old Thai immigrant boy had a blood lead level (BLL) of 6 mcg/dL on routine testing upon arrival to the United States, but which increased to 72 mcg/dL six months after his arrival. He was asymptomatic with unremarkable workup. At this time his father, mother and two siblings were also found to have elevated BLLs of 53, 16, 22, and 11 mcg/dL, respectively. Water, paint, food and cookware sources tested negative for lead, whereas samples of the father’s dried tobacco leaves imported from Thailand contained 36.12 ppm (mcg/g) of lead. The mother admitted that both she and the patient used the tobacco as well. The child was chelated with oral succimer and his BLL decreased.Discussion: In our case, the source of the lead exposure was from the tobacco that the patient was chewing. Tobacco is often overlooked as a source of lead exposure, though it has been reported in the literature, both from direct smoking and from chewing, as well as through secondhand smoke. Toxicologists and health care professionals should consider cultural practices when evaluating patients with elevated BLLs.

Carolina Israelite: How Harry Golden Made Us Care About Jews, The South, and Civil Rights by Kimberly Marlowe Hartnett

Reviewed by: Carolina Israelite: How Harry Golden Made Us Care About Jews, The South, and Civil Rights by Kimberly Marlowe Hartnett Caroline Light (bio) Carolina Israelite: How Harry Golden Made Us Care About Jews, The South, and Civil Rights. By Kimberly Marlowe Hartnett. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 2015. 267pp. “We Americans love our storytellers,” writes journalist Kimberly Marlowe Hartnett in the opening pages of Carolina Israelite: How Harry Golden Made Us Care About Jews, The South, and Civil Rights (4). And then she sets about telling the thoroughly engaging story of a Jewish immigrant boy named Chaim Goldhirsch, who grew up in New York City only to become one of the most provocative voices of the Jewish South. In these well-researched pages, Hartnett rescues Harry Golden from relative obscurity, bringing him to life as a flawed but loving family man, a hapless mis-manager of money, a gifted humorist, and a writer of significant influence during the nation’s tumultuous struggle over civil rights. Hartnett’s narrative is vivid, quickly-paced, and richly contextualized. The book makes for effortless reading, in spite of some abrupt [End Page 575] transitions between topics, no doubt a result of the author’s effort to cover her subject’s many intriguing life experiences. Hartnett adopts some of Golden’s writerly flourishes; she writes with humor and soul, bringing her subject to life in animated depictions of an often troubled life journey. Beginning with the Goldhirsch family’s humble settlement on the early twentieth-century Lower East Side, the book traces Harry’s journey to shady dealings in the stock market–which landed him in jail in 1929–and eventually to Charlotte, North Carolina, where he discovered something resembling fame and fortune in the life of a popular writer and social commentator. The book’s title, Carolina Israelite, refers to the newspaper Golden launched in 1944 and edited for over two decades. The paper’s banner declared its intent to “break down the walls of misunderstanding” and to fight Jewish stereotypes in the region while building interfaith understanding (62). Golden “found his life’s work in being ‘the other,’” writing prolifically on topics ranging from national politics and race relations to the particulars of Yiddishkeit and immigrant life in the North (256). All told, Golden published more than twenty books, among them five bestsellers, before he died in 1981. Hartnett’s is a moving portrayal of a flawed, deeply human individual whose writing style and socio-cultural insights made a unique contribution to the South’s understanding of Jewishness and to the nation’s understanding of the South. Particularly astute is Hartnett’s treatment of Golden’s complexity as a person. Rarely do biographers address their subjects’ foibles with such detail and honesty. Even as she characterizes Golden as a champion of the “little guy,” she refuses to shy away from her subject’s flaws and shady dealings. Hers is an honest depiction of a genuine person, not a saint. In Hartnett’s capable hands, Golden emerges as a complex, believable human being, a “not-handsome, short, fat, cigar-smoking, bourbon-drinking know-it-all” and “blatant self-promoter” who was nevertheless a hit with the ladies and a beloved figure for many (262). Hartnett also weaves a thoughtful, nuanced historical backdrop for Golden’s rise to fame, and in some cases, notoriety. She provides her reader a welcome lesson in the role of journalistic tenacity in educating the nation about southern struggles for civil rights. Golden arrived in the South just as the fight for voting rights and desegregation were gathering momentum, and he witnessed the violent resistance of reactionary white supremacy. The Carolina Israelite provided Golden a public platform for his persistently critical and irreverent voice on social justice, and he developed a reputation as a thorn in the side of the reactionary, the bigoted, and the complacent. Golden became “among the country’s most effective wielder of bright lights,” often making other, more established [End Page 576] Jews uncomfortable with his sharp criticism of the status quo (264). Hartnett, too, shines a light on the complex forces that shaped a writer whom Martin Luther King, Jr...

Grief Presenting as Difficult Behaviour: A Case of a Japanese Immigrant Boy

Immigration for work opportunities is a relatively new phenomenon in India. The impact of immigration-related stress and losses on the scholastic and emotional adjustment in children has been highlighted using the present case study of a Japanese boy studying in one of the international schools that has 18% immigrant children. Behavioural problems can either get medicalised as conduct disorders or stigmatise the child as a difficult child. However, therapeutic grief work using the theme of loss helps in normalisation. The need for policies and programmes for immigrant children at these international schools in India is emphasised in the light of the research findings.

The Magic of Organizing?

The Magic of Organizing?

A rare case of hematuria.

The infestation by Schistosoma haematobium is common in African countries and West Asia. Its chronic phase is characterized by the deposition of eggs of the parasite in various tissues of the body causing inflammatory response, formation of granulomas and fibrosis. The disease often affects the urinary tract, presenting with hematuria and, in the terminal stage, renal failure by urinary obstruction and bladder squamous neoplasia. Since chronic infection can lead to significant morbidity, it is imperative that the physicians who serve this immigrant population become familiar with this disease. A case of an immigrant boy from Guinea-Bissau seen in a Nephrology appointment for monosymptomatic terminal hematuria is presented. The diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis was confirmed by parasitological examination of urine and the pathological examination of bladder biopsies. After therapy with praziquantel, the patient became asymptomatic.

Sampling Globalization in Calixthe Beyala's <em>Le petit prince de Belleville</em>

Employing as a reading strategy the controversial notion of sampling as understood in the context of hip-hop music, this article analyzes Calixthe Beyala's multiple literary borrowings in The Little Prince of Belleville . Rather than scrutinizing Beyala's defense, it turns to the original texts of the iconic works that Betrayal samples to show how they are themselves examples of transcultural literary works, purely French neither in origin or subject matter. Demonstrating how, despite their various differences, these earlier coming-of-age novels often strike a similar range of chords in their tales of children-as outsiders, the article explores how Beyala's novel both appropriates their legacy and attempts to make it signify otherwise. Ultimately, it argues, Beyala's story of a Malian immigrant boy comically navigating multicultural Paris and his family heritage continues to defy judgment, instead repeatedly confronting us with the ideological entanglements that pervade global cultural economies.

Abscesos cutáneos como forma de presentación de la enfermedad de Pott

Interest in skeletal tuberculosis has been growing in our environment due to the presence of patients with immunodeficiency and those from areas where tuberculosis is endemic. Clinical presentation in the form of skin abscesses with an osteoarticular focus is rare, hindering early diagnosis and treatment. We describe the case of an 8-year-old immigrant boy with a diagnosis of bone tuberculosis based on the presence of skin fistulas.

Case Study: Selective Mutism in an Immigrant Child

Selective mutism is a relatively rare psychiatric disorder that appears to be over-represented in immigrant children. In this article, we describe the treatment of a seven-year-old Mexican immigrant boy diagnosed with selective mutism. The case illustrates how individual and family dynamic hypotheses enhance our understanding of this condition and inform a model of treatment. Discussion focuses on the unique issues of the immigrant family and suggests strategies for intervention.

In That Golden Land: The Spiritual Odyssey of Henry Roth's Call It Sleep

With these words, Henry Roth beganCall It Sleep, a novel published in 1934 when its author was twenty-eight years old.Call It Sleepranks among the most powerful novels of the 20th century, precisely because of the questions it does ask about the conflicts of immigrant life, the demands of assimilation, and the search for spiritual nourishment in the modern world. Roth locates his narrative in New York City during the peak years of mass migration from Europe between 1907 and 1914. At the center ofCall It Sleepis David, a precocious and sensitive child at age six, who is already questioning his place in the universe and the meaning of God. Thus,Call It Sleeppresents a narrative of how a small immigrant boy makes sense of his world, a world defined by both its physical and spiritual dimensions.

Leprosy presenting as unilateral foot drop in an immigrant boy

This is a case report of a boy who presented with unilateral foot drop approximately 1 year after traumatic injury from skateboarding. Exploratory surgical operation was eventually performed, and histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed leprous peripheral neuropathy of the peroneal nerve. The patient had immigrated from Vietnam to the United States 3 years previously. The occurrence, albeit rare, of this entity in the immigrants from endemic leprosy regions is discussed.

An Immigrant Boy on the Frontier

by SIMON JOHNSON 1 translated with an introduction by NORA O. SOLUM 3 An Immigrant Boy on the Frontier Simon oirs the (formerly story of his Simen) Americanization, Johnson tells from in his boyhood memoirs the story of his Americanization, from boyhood to young manhood, on the prairies of Dakota Territory. His account takes us back to the early 1880's, when the Johannes Bergumshagen family were natives of Gudbrandsdal, Norway, and owned a small farm there. The incentives for their emigration to America are familiar; namely, the difficulty of supporting a family in the homeland, and the lure of more opportunities in the new.2 To eke out the lean living afforded by the farm, Johannes, a man of considerable grit and brawn, undertook to work at improving roadways in the parish, a job which few of his 1 Simon Johnson, well-known journalist and novelist, was born in Gudbrandsdal , Norway, in 1874. At the age of eight he came to the United States with his parents. He edited Normanden (Grand Forks, North Dakota) for four years, and was a member of the staff of Decorah-Posten for fifteen years. He has published the following books: Et geni (1907) , Lonea (1909) , I et nyt rige (1914) , Fire fortellinger (1917) , Falliten vaa Braastad (1922) , Frihetens hjem (1925) . aThe selections translated here form parts of chapter 2 of Simon Johnson's unpublished memoirs entitled "Opplevd: Noen minner, funderinger, og skildringer - og livsoppsj0r tilslutt" (Experiences: Some Memories, Reflections, and Sketches - and a Casting of Accounts) . The original manuscript is in the possession of the Norwegian- American Historical Association. 51 Nora O. Solum fellow parishioners would attempt because of the difficult hill-and-vale terrain. This undertaking earned him some repute among his neighbors. A severe winter set in, paralyzing the area under snowdrifts and putting an end to road work. After weeks of layoff Johannes took to the mountains, hoping to return with a bagful of ptarmigan to bolster the family board. Late one night he returned unexpectedly, almost empty-handed, hungry, and worn-out. He resolved to leave for America as soon as possible. During these years the parish was abuzz with stories of the land of abundance across the Atlantic, given credence by the return of successful adventurers who had been there. The son, Simon, remembers the incredibly stony look on his father's face and the pitifully distraught stare of helplessness on his mother's at the announcement. Johannes would go alone; Mother Anne and the children would follow later. Arrangements for their trip and a heavy burden of responsibility during the period of separation fell to Mother Anne. The uprooting was difficult - this had been the family home for hundreds of years. But the full realization of what it meant came to Simon only long afterward. The family was reunited after a couple of years. Johannes had rented some acreage and started building a sod house; a neighbor brought Anne and the children from the railway station to his own home, where they awaited the arrival of Johannes , who had been there every day to see if they had come. Anne and the children - Simon, Mathias, and Vesla (Little Girl) - had been given a room for themselves. The following scene moves directly into chapter 2 of Simon's memoirs. SIMON JOHNSON'S NARRATIVE Mother was busying herself with the family's clothing. Suddenly she drew up and stood stock-still, a rapt expression on her face. The garment she held in her hand fell limp. The door opened and a man stood there. His clothes resembled those of the man of the house, but his beard was 52 AN IMMIGRANT BOY darker. It was hard for him to fix his eyes on what was directly in front of him; he stared blankly ahead. "Johannes!" Mother cried out as she opened her arms to him. He choked out something which sounded like, "Welcome !" Questions began. Had they stood the trip pretty well? Vesla, too? Oh, yes, but Vesla hadn't paid much attention; there had been too many menfolk around. And Mathias? The youngster only looked bewildered; he couldn't figure out who this bearded man was who was...