Immanent Features Research Articles

Междуличностните отношения при глухи деца и ученици

Interpersonal relationships occupy a central place in human life. People's willingness to interact is manifested in behavior, communication, social activities. An immanent characteristic of interpersonal relationships is their emotional basis, and the foundation – the primordial need for communication. Hearing children have sufficient capacity to accumulate experience in everyday communication. They form strategies for evaluating communication partners easily and promptly. In contrast, the limitation of social contacts and the specific assimilation of social experience in deaf children and pupils forms a peculiar picture of interpersonal relations, nuanced with a number of features in their construction to which this article is devoted.

Subjects of public administration through the system of free legal aid: general theoretical aspect

The article examines the powers of public administration subjects through the system of free legal aid. It was established that public administration is performed by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine and the Coordination Center. The place of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in the management system of the free legal aid system is characterized. It has been proven that the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine possesses general managerial competence, which is manifested in the rule-making and organizational-regulatory powers regarding the system of providing free legal aid. The article establishes that the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine carries out general management of the system of free legal aid, at the same time exercising organizational, law-making and normative, coordination and advisory powers in the system of ensuring the right to free legal aid.
 Special attention was paid to the powers of the Coordination Center, which is a special management body and exercises powers of an organizational, coordinating, expert-analytical, informational, and controlling nature.
 It was concluded that public administration through the system of free legal aid is a purposeful activity of authorized subjects aimed at ensuring the right to free legal aid.
 The system of entities that carry out public administration is characterized by the following immanent features: first, it includes the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine and the Coordination Center; secondly, in contrast to other systems of public administration, it is not extensive; thirdly, it includes subjects possessing general and special management competence; fourthly, the sphere of social relations in relation to which public administration is carried out is specific and includes a positive obligation of the state to ensure the right to free legal aid.

Ciceronove reminiscencije o državi / Cicero’s reminiscences on state

The paper starts with Cicero’s definition of state in De republica 1, 39 and how it structured the state and legal philosophy in the works of De republica, De legibus, De officiis. It is correlated with the Stoic definition of polis and Aristotle’s philosophic teachings. According to Cicero, Iurisconsensus et utilitatis communionis represents the essence of the rule of law. There is a distinction between formal legal justice and aequitas as a higher form of justice. Stoic divine cosmic law determines optimus status civitatis. The immanent characteristic of justice is iustitia. Cicero inextricably associated the internal size of the state with moral laws. Justice is sine qua non of every state.

Dialogue as a component of basic skills in teaching chemistry and environmental protection

The article gives ideas for pedagogical communication, which helps for cognitive activity and emotional value relations in the learning process. When the student is given the opportunity to participate in a dialogue for didactic purposes, reflection, the ability to self-knowledge and self- assessment develops. Dialogue is an immanent characteristic of the learning process in which the culture of communication and personal development is formed and developed. Interactive teaching methods and techniques help.

Home-Field-Temple as Existentials of Ukrainian Culture

Aim. To analyse the spiritual and mental existentials of Ukrainian culture, which allows identifying the immanent features of Ukrainian culture itself through the symbolic-thematic series Home-Field-Temple and examine the symbolism of the concepts “Home,” “Field,” and “Temple.” Results. The thesis that spiritual and mental existentials, in particular the Home-Field-Temple, reveal the mentality of the Ukrainian people, its spiritual and cultural identity has been further developed. Conclusion. The essence of the mentality of the Ukrainian people is revealed with the help of spiritual and mental existentials Home-Field-Temple. They play an important part in the creation of a single mental field of the Ukrainian nation, being revealed in its ideological life by certain inclinations or archetypes. The Home-Field-Temple symbol is a reference point for searching for certain archetypes of the nation. The concepts of Home-Field-Temple symbolise the trinity of one spiritual state of man, which is objectified in three guises. These concepts are so intertwined in the minds of Ukrainians that they see them as an inseparable unity – something symbolising their homeland. Home, land, and church have always been reliable support for the Ukrainian people.

Biosynthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles using bioflocculant produced by a consortium of two marine bacteria

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have acquired ubiquitous attentiveness owing to their distinctive features, making them appropriate for a diversity of applications in many fields of life science. Green synthesis approach for nanoparticles has garnered substantial interest due to their immanent characteristics which include swiftness, costeffectiveness and eco-friendliness as an alternative to the existing techniques. In this study, a bioflocculant, produced by the consortium of two bacteria namely Bacillus safensis and Bacillus sp. was utilized as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles. The synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles were characterized using Scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed the absorption peaks to be around 300 - 330 nm which confirms the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Elements such as Al, C, P, O and Zn were found in the as-synthesized nanomaterials with 30.01% wt of oxygen and 39.15% wt of zinc as revealed by the SEMEDX technique. TEM and SEM images of the product give information on the morphology which is spherical and agglomerated. XRD pattern of the synthesized nanoparticles shows that the substances belong to ZnO as no other diffraction peaks were observed matching that of JCPDS card for ZnO. The average crystallite size of the particles was estimated to be 24.66 nm from XRD pattern. FT-IR spectrum of the biosynthesized nanomaterials shows Zn-O functional group at low wavenumber (473 cm-1). Therefore, the bioflocculantmediated synthesis of nanoparticles can be considered as environmental benign greener approach.

ВОПРОСЫ КОНТРАПУНКТА В СВЕТЕ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ КОНЦЕПЦИИ ЭРНСТА КУРТА

The following article is devoted to the scientific heritage of the Swiss musicologist of the first half of the XXth century, Ernst Kurth, whose name is closely associated with the formation of the so-called energy concept of music, with the substantiation of the psychological nature of music and, thus, with the emergence of a new research area in the development of systematic musicology — musical psychology. The article focuses on the concept of counterpoint, which is explored in context of the main thesis of the energy concept of Ernst Kurth. The work formulates the most important principles that reflect the psychological approach to music. The author analyzes the phenomena of polyphony and homophony, their essential principles, and immanent features within the framework of the energy concept. The co-reliance between the "counterpoint" and "polyphony" is considered as such. A brief overview of the methods of teaching counterpoint from the point of view of different approaches to it is given. It is primarily about Kurth's criticism of the educational and practical system of the Austrian musicologist of the late XVIth — first half of the XVIIth century Johann Joseph Fux (famous "five-grade" methodology), which was raised to the dogma of "theory" and developed in the direction of harmonic substantiation of counterpoint. Such an approach, according to Kurth, contradicted the idea of a horizontal interpretation of counterpoint and led to a distortion of its musical essence and the phenomenon of polyphony as a polyphonic melodic writing.

The Sacredness of Nature: Response to Six Objections to Religious Naturalism

The Sacredness of Nature: Response to Six Objections to Religious Naturalism

Standards of Journalism and “Language of Tolerance”in the Context of Legislation and State and National Security

The article analyses the persistent proposals from a number of journalists and media experts since 2014 to adhere to the “language of tolerance” and avoid “stylistically coloured vocabulary” for naming members of illegal armed groups, ideologues and leaders of quasi-state formations in ORDLO (SDDLR — separate districts of Donetsk and Luhansk regions; temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine) in journalistic works. According to these recommendations, the words “terrorist”, “separatist”, “bandit” were considered undesirable, especially in information genres, besides, they allegedly violated the standards of journalism, which require exclusively objective, neutral coverage of the conflict in the Donbas and the Russian-Ukrainian War. In 2022, the word “orcs” was brought to “undesirable” category in Ukrainian journalism, although the words “rashism” and “rashists” were deemed acceptable. The distinction was exceptionally subjective. The main criterion for determining desirable/undesirable words was the personal interpretation of the stylistic colouring of words, which supposedly should be completely avoided. The author of the article suggests that the selection of relevant lexemes should be guided primarily by the requirements of Ukrainian and foreign legislation and state-national security, which should be dominant and indisputable for journalists. In accordance with these requirements, the lexemes “terrorists”, “separatists”, “bandits” for the soldiers and officials of the temporarily occupied territories are acceptable and even mandatory for use. In addition, considering the works of foreign and Ukrainian researchers, in particular those who defended the “language of tolerance”, the author of the article proves that emotionality, empathy, subjectivity are acceptable and even immanent features of those groups of genres that Ukrainian scientists call analytical and journalistic. Likewise, these traits are immanent for information genres such as reportage and interviews. Therefore, emotionality and subjectivity in defending national-patriotic values and territorial integrity of the state are quite acceptable. Certain ocasional concepts and terms that originally had a metaphorical, stylistically colored character and passed into the status of well-known and generally accepted vivid outlines of events, phenomena, persons and groups of persons are also acceptable for use in notes, reports, messages and other information genres.

The problem of cultural and national identity and ways to solve it in the New Ukrainian School

Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine has significantly increased the level of interest in the problems of cultural and national identity in our country. Teachers face an important task of developing and implementing in school deeply thought-out creative approaches based on the latest methodologies and technologies in order to form the cultural and national identity of young people as a prerequisite for their cultural competence. The normative documents of the New Ukrainian School refer to the formation of cultural- national and civic competence of students for successful functioning in a democratic society and specify the essence of these concepts. In the conditions of democratization and humanization of education literature as a subject should significantly influence the process of forming civic culture and national awareness of the individual and promote active learning in school «those moral norms that have been developed by mankind over centuries» The future of the Ukrainian state largely depends on the established Ukrainian cultural and national identity. The loss of it poses serious problems related to deep alienation in society, a sense of disintegration, instability of human existence and even poses a threat to national security. The concept of forming a cultural and national identity for the needs of the present and the New Ukrainian School may be naturally developed on the foundations laid by our predecessors. Their works are an important contribution to the development of the content of education and to the scientific substantiation of the process of national education of students in an independent state. Today is the time to return to their theoretical achievements and successfully develop the cultural and national identity of students in a country that so heroically fights for the right to exist. Nowadays, the formation of Ukrainian inhabitants’ cultural and national identity is unfinished and still going on. A well-balanced course of Ukrainian and foreign literature at school and the use of active forms of education will help to speed up this process. The paper highlights the immanent characteristics of cultural and national identity and the main ways of its formation in literature lessons and formulates the most important, according to the author, methodological recommendations for optimizing the educational process on the issues under consideration. The prospect of further research is seen in the study of various deviations of cultural and national identity, their causes and ways to overcome them in order to eliminate the negative impact on the youth of certain environments and dubious media.

Visual Appropriation: A Self-reflexive Qualitative Method for Visual Analysis of the International

AbstractThis article introduces visual appropriation as a method in critical international political thinking and acting, contributing to the evolving repertoire of multiple, pluralist methods for visual analysis of international relations operating in a digital visual environment. We define appropriation as reuse of existing visual material—either in its entirety or in part—without substantially altering the immanent characteristics of the appropriated material. As appropriators, scholars are producers of images who capitalize on and actively participate in digital visuality (seeing–changing–sharing). Appropriators are both image-analysts and image-actors but distinct from both, contributing not only to the visual analysis, but also to the visual construction of international relations. Approaching the international through appropriation grants researchers increased agency and responsibility vis-à-vis existing visual materials “out-there.” Rather than exploring a digital space of visual images produced and appropriated by others, researchers consciously and deliberately partake in the production and dissemination of images. As a result, we highlight how we—as scholars and as citizens—are facing research-ethical problematiques linked to ways of showing and seeing inevitably emanating from appropriation.

Popularization of M. Fedoriv’s creativity by modern leaders of the music culture diaspora in Canada

The purpose of the article is an esthetic and cultural analysis of art by M. Fedoriv in the projection of performing practice the contemporary figures of musical culture in the diaspora. Methodology. To achieve the set objective was used comparative-historical, culturological, axiological theoretical and methodological approaches, also biographical and art history methods of scientific knowledge, which directed on the disclosure of the immanent features of investigated products of the creative activity of the personalities in this scientific research; determining the significance of M. Fedoriv’s in the context of the development of Ukrainian musical culture of the 20th century. The scientific novelty of the work consists in applying cultural products of the music industry (gramophone record, CDs), as elements in the source base of research in methodology comparative analysis performance-conducting interpretation of the musical heritage of the composer in the context into the professional activity of Canadian musicians. Conclusions. M. Fedoriv is a representative of the highly professional musicians from the diaspora, which multi-vector activity is marked by the upturn of the basic form of cultural identification. In order to convey the historical authenticity of the national musical tradition of liturgical singing, he researched and published church-religious tunes of the practice of worship in Ukraine, which stoped the total simplification in the performance of canonical chants in the churches of the diaspora. Reaching our time, the popularization of M. Fedoriv's work was possible thanks to the performance and production work of M. Maksymiv and R. Hurko. Thus, in except to the rotation of the digitized album «Jerusalem Matins» by M. Fedoriv on the air of foreign radio broadcasters: CBC (Canada), BBC Radio 3 (Great Britain), M. Maksimiv succeeded to reissue the CD recording of the Liturgy twice and distribute it on social network platforms. However, the precedent of reviving the process of integrating the composer's heritage into the modern media space is the activity of R. Hurko. However, the precedent of reviving the process of integrating the composer's heritage into the modern media space is the activity of R. Hurko. Under his record label CARO Productions, the artist places the audio content produced by him, the same Liturgy on Youtube, and in the form of a tracklist of a music album on commercial services (Apple Music, Deezer, Spotify). Thus, the planes of the personal activity of M. Maksymov and R. Gurko became an example of representation of dominant features of the nation's cultural genome between different generations of Ukrainians, and M. Fedoriv's work is available to its target audience beyond temporal and any territorial borders.

Spectrality, Marxism, and the Critique of Value

This essay brings Jacques Derrida’s Spectres of Marx (1993) into critical dialogue with the German-language school of Marxist theory known as Wertkritik. Through an engagement with value-critics such as Robert Kurz and Norbert Trenkle, as well as with figures associated with the neue-Marx Lektüre such as Moishe Postone and Alfred Sohn-Rethel, the essay makes four interrelated arguments: (1) that Derrida privileges the ‘exoteric’ over the ‘esoteric’ Marx through a lack of engagement with Marx’s categorical critique of bourgeois political economy; (2) that Derrida projects aspects of Marx’s early work into his reading of Capital in a way that sets up Marx as a straw dog against which Derrida launches his familiar critique of Western metaphysics; (3) that Derrida trans-historicises the category of labour and shares fundamental assumptions with the same traditional Marxism he sets out to critique; (4) that Derrida misrepresents the categories of use-value and exchange-value, to which he ascribes a teleological process when no such relationship exists. In this way, the essay seeks to contribute to the development of a concept of spectrality as an immanent characteristic of the value-form under capitalism.

Constitution-law study of the concept of “tolerance” in the UN documents in connection with the adoption of the Resolution on religious tolerance

Before 12.12.2018 in the official UN documents, the English-language concept of "tolerance" always corresponded to the Russian-language concept of «forbearance». Both these concepts were used to denote the optimal principle of relationships between people with different immanent features (hereinafter – "the optimal principle of relationships"). However, starting with 12.12.2018, the English-language concept of "tolerance" corresponds not only to the concept of «forbearance» in the Russian-language UN documents, but also to the concept of «tolerance» proper. The existence of such dualism creates difficulties in interpreting the provisions of the Russian Constitution on human rights and other laws. Therefore, it became necessary to understand which of the two concepts is more consistent with the content of the "optimal principle of relations". The study examined scientific sources, more than two thousand documents in the official languages of the UN, and examined the relationship between the concepts of "tolerance": "forbearance" and "tolerance" proper in official documents. Conclusions were made that it is not possible to definitely establish from documents in Russian which of the concepts is more consistent with the content of the "optimal principle of relationships"; from the content of the UN documents in all languages, as well as scientific papers, it follows that semantically this principle corresponds to the concept of «tolerance». The full description of the principle is presented in the document "Declaration of the Principles of Tolerance"; this allows the content of the declaration to be used in interpreting article 2 and other provisions of the Constitution.

EXPRESSIVE POTENTIAL OF VERBAL FORMS IN BORIS SLUTSKII POEMS

Theoretical basis of the research is the works of such scientists as V. Grigorev, I. Kovtunova, O. Skorobogatova and others, who assert that the specific features of poetic text organization give the opportunities to form its immanent characteristics. They are figurativeness, functioning of the law of unity and tightness of the poetry line, verse rhythm and compositionality. It is traditionally believed that for the adequate analysis of an artwork it is necessary to take into consideration the elements of all language levels. In our research the units of morphological level were examined. Verbal forms were studied from the aspect of their expressive potential and their ability to form poetic senses in Boris Slutskii’s lyrical works. The purpose of the article is to trace whether the poet uses expressive possibilities of verb forms and to learn if the methods of actualization of morphological forms and meanings (juxtaposition, selection and attraction) are frequently used. The material for the study was Boris Slutskii lyrics written in different years. A number of excerpts of his poems were analyzed. Thus, we can conclude that the poet widely uses all the general means of actualization.

Tradition and contemporary architecture of Orthodox churches: Image and meaning

The article is devoted to one of the most striking problems of contemporary church construction in Russia — the formation of artistic images of newly erected churches and determination of meaning in their architecture. Today, the mentality of architects, patrons and the parish is primarily determined by the traditional approaches to the creation of new churches. Simultaneously, many architects are longing to find innovative meaning and artistic structures, noting that only these attempts are able to express the present-day emotions of believers. It is also essential to define the features of the cultural code of modern architecture for the Russian Orthodox church. The church hierarchy, believers and scholars, including foreigners, proceed from the idea of Russian Orthodox architecture’s unique identity. The recognizable image of the churches is determined by the constant interest in late medieval decoration from the time of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich as the main artistic source and its interpretation by masters of the Neo-Russian style of the 19th — beginning of 20th centuries. The article emphasizes that national identity in Russian Orthodox church architecture is not a combination of immanent features, but a historical process of treasuring artistic character and the formation of meaning over several centuries. At the current time, it is vital to turn to all the creative and meaningful wealth in the development of Russian Orthodox churches, and it is better to seek innovation from within traditional images and meanings, based on the sacred experience of our church. This will support the creation of new churches, which are comparable to the standards of the Russian Orthodox architectural heritage in its artistic variety and semantic profoundness.

Obraz Rosji w blogach literackich pisarzy rosyjskich

The article is devoted to Russian writers who attempt to construct the image of contemporary Russia in the blogosphere. Blogs created by Prilepin, Griskhovets and Glukhovsky are analysed as a tool of creating the basis of modern national imaginary community. Literary blogs presented in cyberspace contribute to spreading the perception of Russia as an empire in the context of cultural and historical heritage. Aesthetic diversity and mental approach of the writers provides varied material to reconstruct the image of Russia. Although each of the bloggers has an individual idea of further development of their native country their presentations can be characterised by immanent features of Russian literary environment.

ON COMPREHENSION OF PROOF IN ANGLO-AMERICAN LAW

Problem setting and objectives. Concept of proof beyond reasonable doubt was introduced to the Ukrainian law in 2012 only. In order to grasp and use this innovation properly, evolution and current state of general comprehension of proof in Anglo-American law is studied. For this, a comparative analysis of similar fragments from several Black's Law Dictionary editions (1891 - 2009) is performed.Paper main body. Cluster of terms (and relevant concepts), by which proof in law, or judicial proof, is expressed (and comprehended), includes now «proof» and «evidence», «to prove» and «to evidence», «burden of proof», «standard of proof», «standard of proof beyond reasonable doubt», «standard of proof by preponderance of evidence», «standard of proof by clear and convincing evidence», as well «truth» and «belief» coupled with «conviction», «to convince», «to persuade», and so on.This cluster was formed and has been evolving all time in at least three dimensions: logical, juridical, and rhetorical. At that, the rhetorical dimension significance has been rising through partial extrusion of the logical one. Respectively, although concept of the judicial proof remains akin to its analogue in logics yet, but it has been moving increasingly away from it.On this way, the judicial proof concept lost – as necessary components of its content – immanent features of the logical proof, namely, truth of evidence in premises and necessary logical connection between whole body of the evidence and conclusion. Concept of standard of proof undergone significant change as well: now it divides into three main species concepts that depend on the cases nature. Even that concept, which corresponds to criminal cases and supposes the most difficult requirements, do not require truth or absolute certainty of the belief induced, agreeing only on absence of reasonable doubt, which by nature is subjective and practically never avoid some rhetorical influence.Conclusions of the research. The judicial proof was transformed from activity purposed by essence at formally correct establishment of truth, which in principle does not require more than one thinking person, into organized legal communication of two or more persons, principal purpose of which is to induce desirable belief in minds of the persons to whom relevant conviction is addressed. The proof has been evolving all time in at least three variable dimensions: logical, juridical, and rhetorical.

Socio-cultural Positioning of Age Identities in Picturebooks

This study explores literal and metaphorical narrations of age by looking closely at two picturebooks published at the turn of the twenty-first century. The evolutionary Western understanding of the child, childhood and children’s literature is briefly periodized as a tension between pragmatic and philosophical concerns. Representations of age are taken to be embedded in socio-cultural positions that implicate historical periods, geographic locations, and economic structures. Ethnicity and gender are similarly discussed as immanent features. Age is presented as much a biological phenomenon as a performative social act of a given culture. The ideas, feelings and events depicted in each picturebook are approached from a structuralist and a postmodernist perspective with the aim of providing a complementary analysis of child representations in alignment with the adult presence, and not necessarily through the lens of aetonomativity. My analysis points to possible applications of the design of age narrations to current and future literacies.

FANTASTIC STORYWORLDS AND TRANSFICTIONALITY OF LITERARY CHARACTERS

The interpretation of a literary character in the context of the distinction between the multiple storyworlds is connected with the phenomenon of “transfictionality” (Saint–Gelais 2005). When the same characters inhabit more possible worlds, they become travelling narrative individuals. If they originate as a ‘transfer’ of real historical persons through different fictional and non-fictional genres, “real individuals” represent extratextual versions (Margolin 1997, Dannenberg 2008). We refer to intertextual versions in case of variants of unreal individuals in different fictional genres. When we talk about variants of characters within a text created due to “travels” of characters from realistic to fantastic worlds, or through many virtual worlds, then we refer to intratextual versions. Our starting hypothesis is that transgressiveness of a character is an immanent characteristic of heroes in fantastic fictional worlds, regardless of the type of the fantastic. Modification appears as a compulsory factor of any type of transgression. The range and intensity of heroes’ changes, as we know, show high variability, from the oldest and most explicit metamorphoses to partial or soft and barely visible modifications, from bodily transformations to psychological and mental variations, from sudden shapeshifting to gradual changes. Special intention will be paid to the counterfactual aspect of fantastic narrative world in the short stories by Radoje Domanović, Dejan Vukićević and Neil Gaiman. In line with that, we will briefly outline the intratextual relations which originate between the doubles of actual realistic fiction world and virtual/fantastic worlds. In that vein, one can consider the significant role of techniques of the fantastic in switching between storyworlds.