Imaginative Approach Research Articles

Insiders and Outsiders: Lessons for Neuroethics from the History of Bioethics

Recent disputes over the NIH Neuroethics Roadmap have revealed underlying tensions between neuroethics and the broader neuroscience community. These controversies should spur neuroethicists to more clearly articulate an oft-cited ideal of “integrating” neuroethics in neuroscience. In this, it is useful to consider the integration of bioethics in medical practice as both historical precedent and context for integration in neuroethics. Bioethics began as interdisciplinary scholars joined biomedical institutions to serve on newly-created IRBs and hospital ethics committees. These early bioethicists identified as outsiders and their presence was initially resisted by some in the medical establishment, but over time they became integrated into the very institutions that many had originally come to critique. This work has transformed medical practice, but also required compromises and intellectual costs. Also, the successful integration of bioethics relied in part on structural features of postwar medicine with no clear analogue in contemporary neuroscience; for neuroethics, imaginative new approaches will also be needed. While neuroethics to date has focused somewhat narrowly on questions in neurotechnology, I argue that successful integration in neuroethics will likely require a broader vision, encompassing the clinical neurosciences as well as questions at the interface of neuroscience and society.

Review: Da Gerusalemme a Pechino da Roma a Vienna: Sul Saggio di architettura storica di J. B. Fischer von Erlach, by Marco Folin and Monica Preti

Review: <i>Da Gerusalemme a Pechino da Roma a Vienna: Sul Saggio di architettura storica di J. B. Fischer von Erlach</i>, by Marco Folin and Monica Preti

Soil Is Still an Unknown Biological System

More than a thousand million cells encompassing bacteria, fungi, archaea, and protists inhabit a handful of soil. The bacterial and fungal biomass can account for 1–2 and 2–5 tha−1 in temperate grassland soils, respectively. Despite this huge microbial biomass, the volume occupied by microorganisms is less than 1% of the available soil volume because most micro-niches are hostile environments. Soil microorganisms and fauna play a crucial role in soil ecosystem services, and functional redundancy is a peculiar characteristic of soil as a biological system. Complex interactions are often mediated by molecular signals that occur between microbes, microbes and plants, and microbes and animals. Several microbial species have been detected in soil using molecular techniques, particularly amplicon sequencing and metagenomics. However, their activities in situ are still poorly known because the use of soil metatranscriptomics and, in particular, soil proteomics is still a technical challenge. A holistic approach with the use of labelled compounds can give quantitative information on nutrient dynamics in the soil-plant system. Despite the remarkable technical progresses and the use of imaginative approaches, there are many knowledge gaps about soil as a biological system. These gaps are discussed from a historic perspective, starting from the seven grand questions proposed by Selman A. Waksman in 1927.

Learning for Life: An Imaginative Approach to Worldview Education in the Context of Diversity

Learning for Life: An Imaginative Approach to Worldview Education in the Context of Diversity

Fuzzy Object Oriented Database for Big Data

Due to the huge amount of uncertain data collection, mankind facing a colossal amount and fast data having such a composite configurations. The data can be transact on the web and manually exchanges, interpersonal organizations and through our everyday life exercises. A very helpful result of designing an appropriate Big Data in different zones, for example, medical services, human services, executives and administrators. Managing the Big Data efficiently, new investigation perspective has been secured at this point the viewpoints about huge information (Big Data) requires extra-long stretch innovative interests. The Fuzzy Logic s have been implemented here for Big Data because of their capacities to handle the vagueness and uncertainties in the information. A couple of imaginative approach for Big Data processing is presented previously. To abbreviate the current duties and extant a point of view of further enhancements. We survey the different examinations and concentrated on that there are constrained Fuzzy systems have been adopted in large information (Big Data preparing. We also examine the various advantages of Fuzzy Logic s in large information (Big Data) issues. Therefore in this paper a Fuzzy object-oriented database is designed for Big Data and perform some Fuzzy queries to check the performance of the designed Fuzzy object-oriented database. We focused on the continuously propelled augmentations of Fuzzy sets and their blends in with various contraptions could offer a novel promising planning condition.

Coronavirus fallout threatens financial stability

▪ The coronavirus is set to sharply cut global growth and also risks sparking substantial levels of financial distress among both businesses and households, potentially cascading into the banking sector. The challenges this poses for policymakers is formidable. ▪ Financial vulnerabilities were evident in the corporate sector in many economies even before the virus struck, with rising debt, declining credit quality and worsening liquidity positions. Consumer‐facing sectors especially at risk from the impact of the virus tend to have weaker financial positions. ▪ There are also household fragilities. A large fraction of households ‐ often 40%–50% ‐ have limited liquid assets to tide them over if they cannot work. Access to sickness and unemployment benefits varies widely across economies. ▪ High levels of bad loans in some banking systems, most notably in Italy, could be exacerbated by the virus impact, threatening financial stability. High dollar debts in many economies outside the US are another risk factor. ▪ As well as containing the virus, policymakers need to consider imaginative approaches to prevent financial distress worsening the economic downturn, potentially including a need to rapidly backstop banks, firms, and households.

Primary Physical Science for Student Teachers at Kindergarten and Primary School Levels: Part I\u2014Foundations of an Imaginative Approach to Physical Science

This is a theoretical paper in which we describe the motivation for and the design of a novel primary physics course for student teachers at kindergarten and primary school levels that uses cognitive tools such as metaphor, analogy, and narrative. The course has been taught in the master’s program in teacher education at three Universities over the last 5 years. It is based upon a model of the experience of forces of nature that draws upon four existing frameworks in physics, narratology, cognitive linguistics, and a theory of the development of cognitive tools. In short, the course is created upon the foundations of an imaginative, metaphoric and narrative, approach to physical science in general and to forces of nature in particular. Student teachers who learn science based upon this model can more directly relate to how children themselves experience nature and become confident narrators of stories of forces of nature. We describe the notion of Force of Nature (“The Gestalt of Force of Nature”) and explain what we mean by cognitive tools (“Cognitive Tools: Tools of Imagination”) before showing in what sense modern macroscopic physics is both metaphoric and narrative at its core (“An Imaginative Approach to Physical Science”). In “A Systemic Imaginative Approach to Primary Physics”, we give an outline of what is needed in order to apply the approach to a course for primary physics for student teachers. In the final section, we will discuss some questions and challenges raised by this approach and show that it is a viable avenue to bringing together science and the humanities, both for research and for teaching.

Revisitando conceitos antropológicos clássicos em um museu imaginado

O presente trabalho consiste em um exercício de imersão no fictício “museu da antropologia” criado por nós. Trata-se de um convite para uma aproximação imaginosa aos conceitos e perspectivas formuladas por antropólogos europeus e norte-americanos no período compreendido entre 1870 e 1950. O artigo ressalta ainda a importância dos museus na contemporaneidade, em termos da promoção de reflexões sobre o valor das diferenças humanas e, por conseguinte, pretende contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma atitude de respeito perante as diferentes culturas, povos, grupos sociais e modos de estar no mundo.

Figures of Memory

Artikelbeginn:[English title and abstract below] Als global bekanntes Erinnerungsnarrativ nimmt Das Tagebuch der Anne Frank (erste deutsche Fassung 1950) einen bedeutenden Part in der Holocaust Education ein. Dabei beteiligt sich die grafische Adaption von Ari Folmans und David Polonskys Das Tagebuch der Anne Frank. Graphic Diary (2017) auf zweierlei Art am Fortschreiben des kulturellen Gedächtnisses; einerseits in seiner Geformtheit durch die Publikation selbst und darüber hinaus in seiner Organisiertheit aufgrund der institutionalisierten Kommunikation (vgl. Assmann 1988, S. 12). Figures of MemoryAnne Frank’s Diary between Text and Image, Word and Symbol Anne Frank’s Diary: The Graphic Interpretation by Ari Folman and David Polonsky (2017) is a recent addition to a sequence of editions that have shaped the perception of Anne Frank’s story. At the same time, the ethics and aesthetics of remembrance have been consistently discussed. These discussions have been fueled by discourses on memory as well as by the reimagination of the past by new generations. As Marianne Hirsch states »Postmemory’s connection to the past is [...] actually mediated not by recall but by imaginative investment, projection, and creation« (Hirsch 2012). Ari Folman and David Polonsky work with those imaginative approaches and reshape historical events on the visual and the verbal narrative levels. As with Waltz with Bashir (2009), on which Folman and Polonsky collaborated successfully as author and illustrator, Anne Frank’s Diary is also an extraordinary testimony of war based on extensive research. Intermedial references, such as historical photographs, documentaries and journal entries add authenticity to Anne Frank’s Diary: The Graphic Interpretation and lead the reader on a journey back in time. This article discusses the relationship between the visual representation of memory in the Diary and how it goes about narrating the story, and it examines this graphic novel’s potential for shaping and reshaping the reader’s perception of history.

Reading Shelley and Adorno on “Life”: A Further Exploration

ABSTRACTBuilding on a congruent body of opinion, this article provides a fuller exploration of affinities between Percy Bysshe Shelley and Theodor Adorno especially in regard to conceptions of “Life.” Most intriguing of all is the tendency of both Shelley and Adorno to examine “Life” itself and to reflect on the paradoxical failure to “live life” in a post-Enlightenment world. This indicates an existential crisis pre- and post-Auschwitz that is related to the ascendency (or “triumph”) of instrumental reason (calculation for predetermined ends) at the expense of “integral thought,” an outcome which Shelley already observed in “A Defence of Poetry.” The Enlightenment is in question and Bacon (whose emergence almost by default, in Shelley’s largely gloom-ridden “Triumph of Life,” is an instance of Adornian “negative dialectics”) is seen by Shelley as an exemplary figure, a “poet-revolutionary” who breaks free of stultifying epistemological closure by advancing a reciprocal, imaginative approach to protean nature, and to the unlocking of nature’s secrets. In contrast, for Adorno and Horkheimer, Bacon was the modern inaugurator of the Enlightenment’s failed project and its assumption of dominion over nature. In this case, divergent views proposed from a similar perspective offer a conflicting dialogue which yet has strong points of agreement.

Recent Progress in the Synthesis of Quinolines.

Quinoline-containing compounds present in both natural and synthetic products are an important class of heterocyclic compounds. Many of the substituted quinolines have been used in various areas including medicine as drugs. Compounds with quinoline skeleton possess a wide range of bioactivities such as antimalarial, anti-bacterial, anthelmintic, anticonvulsant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activity. Due to such a wide range of applicability, the synthesis of quinoline derivatives has attracted a lot of attention of chemists to develop effective methods. Many known methods have been expanded and improved. Furthermore, various new methods for quinoline synthesis have been established. This review will focus on considerable studies on the synthesis of quinolines date which back to 2014. In this review, we discussed recent achievements on the synthesis of quinoline compounds. Some classical methods have been modified and improved, while other new methods have been developed. A vast variety of catalysts were used for these transformations. In some studies, quinoline synthesis reaction mechanisms were also displayed. Many methods for the synthesis of substituted quinoline rings have been developed recently. Over the past five years, the majority of those reported have been based on cycloisomerization and cyclization processes. Undoubtedly, more imaginative approaches to quinoline synthesis will appear in the literature in the near future. The application of known methods to natural product synthesis is probably the next challenge in the field.

Being Bewitched: A True Tale of Madness, Witchcraft, and Property Development Gone Wrong

Being Bewitched: A True Tale of Madness, Witchcraft, and Property Development Gone Wrong

The Integration of Techno-Pedagogical Approach in Teaching and Learning among Lecturers in Public Universities in Malaysia

The dynamism of the technological world has resulted in overwhelming resources, enriching the process of meaning making and information gaining. Such facets surround the growth of present students, forming the "new millennium learners". These learners are associated with different expectations of meaningful learning. With the immense potential technology holds in innovating educational practices, there is a need for educators to master the techno-pedagogical content knowledge (TPK) alongside with the subject matter to be taught. TPK is a framework encompasses two different types of knowledge, namely technological knowledge and pedagogical knowledge. As a fragment of the knowledge areas making up Techno-Pedagogical Content Knowledge by Mishra & Koehler (2006), TPK is a staple skill for the 21st century educators. This is especially true when the educational landscape nowadays is overwhelmed with vast array of digital devices. Other than that, there is also a need for teachers to be creative in using their techno-pedagogy skills, referring to the ability of the teachers to make lesson interesting though technological and imaginative approaches. The study attempts (1) to study the current level of techno-pedagogical knowledge among lecturers in public universities in Malaysia.(2) To study how techno-pedagogical knowledge help lectures in integrating blended learning into their teaching and learning process.(3) To study the impact of techno-pedagogical approach in teaching and learning in Public universities in Malaysia. This study will be carried out using quantitative and qualitative approaches where two different questionnaires on techno-pedagogy and pedagogical creativity will be distributed to a large number of lectures. In-depth interviews and observation will be conducted with selected lecturers to provide further insights on the data collected. It is hoped that the findings of this study can provide further insights on the need to emphasize on the techno-pedagogical skills and consequently, improve the current TPK courses available for lecturers.

Sensing policy: engaging affected communities at the intersections of environmental justice and decolonial futures

ABSTRACTPushing back against an extractive approach to research to center relationships, this paper draws from ethnographic sensibilities and community vignettes to discuss what academic-activists and political scientists can learn from communities’ situated bodies of knowledge. Tensions emerge when those most directly affected by public policy decisions are excluded from the decision-making process. Consultation leaves many encountering a paradox: their lived experiences are discredited even when they are invited to participate. This paper offers an imaginative approach to the design of participatory policy processes and asks: how can decision-makers meaningfully engage affected parties in pursuit of environmentally just policy creation? In response, this paper argues that bodies generally, and guts specifically, are political. To do so, I flesh out how a sensing policy approach to public engagement and socially engaged research can assist those crafting policies – including, laws, programs and service-delivery – to address contentious multilayered environmental justice issues. These include concerns for more-than-human life. Reflecting on experiences of community-engagement with Indigenous communities in Canada and Hawaiʻi, sensing policy builds from interpretive methods and intersectionality-based policy analysis to inform and potentially improve decision-making processes by taking seriously the experiences, knowledges and voices of those most affected by the government (in)decisions.

Precursor of Pride: The Pleasures and Aesthetics of Framed Youth

This article explores the causal links between the 1983 Channel 4 documentary Framed Youth: Revenge of the Teenage Perverts and the feature film Pride (2014), via All Out: Dancing in Dulais (1986). It will be argued that Pride — the story of miners’ support group Lesbians and Gays Support the Miners (LGSM) — would never have been made if it had not been for its precursors, with several members of LGSM having previously ‘cut their teeth’ in queer video activism, including documenting the activities of LGSM on videotape. A case will be made for Framed Youth and Pride as examples of media texts that are radical and educational, but which also have popular appeal and generate pleasure and nostalgia for audiences. The origins of Framed Youth in the conjuncture of radical theatre and community video will be outlined, including the project’s synergy with Channel 4’s original remit (Channel 4 was the majority funder of the project and broadcast Framed Youth in 1986). Attention will be devoted in particular to the neglect of considerations around audiences in the independent film and video scene. Framed Youth and the Miners’ Campaign Tapes (1984) are cited as notable historical exceptions, due to their imaginative and successful approach to building audiences through distribution and exhibition. The article will conclude by considering the ‘pros and cons’ of the fact that the story of LGSM eventually found expression in a feel-good ‘retro’ feature film, rather than an activist or political documentary.

Liminal still? Unmothering disabled children

In this article we reflect on our experiences as mothers, academics and activists over the last 10 years. We explore the (limited) successes in campaigns for disabled children and young people, and offer an analysis of why such campaigning seems to be stuck in a cycle of failure. We want to move away from traditional approaches to campaigning that rely on story-telling and awareness-raising. Instead, we offer a description of a form of campaigning based on collective action and the ‘disability commons’. This takes an innovative and imaginative approach based on the common humanity of all. Finally, we call for a shift away from the mother–child dyad as the primary site of activism and call for ‘unmothering’ as a way of challenging the individualisation discourse in order to break through silos of temporality and exclusion.

How can community-university engagement address family violence prevention? One child at a time.

Family violence in Indigenous communities is one of the most pressing policy challenges of our times. This issue is highly related to the stressors caused by the disadvantaged socio-economic circumstances of Indigenous peoples, such as poverty and unemployment, and community trauma attributed to colonization and a loss of culture. This article is a case study based on the evaluations of four community-university engagement initiatives for Indigenous children, youth, and their families at a small inner-city university. It documents six principles for policy development used to engage students in their education and to begin to perceive themselves as high school and post-secondary graduates. These programs are just a few examples of how a small inner-city university took an imaginative community development approach to promoting social change, with each program tantamount to an anti-violence strategy.

What can coaches and physical education teachers learn from a constraints-led approach in para-sport?

ABSTRACTBackground: Skill acquisition is still a relatively new and emerging specialist discipline in the sport sciences. Like other disciplines, current service support in Paralympic sport is limited, often based on theory adapted from able-bodied sport, or findings from research programmes that are not representative of elite sport contexts. The application of skill acquisition principles and pedagogical research is an opportunity to support the development of practice task designs in para-sport contexts. Of interest is the individualised nature of athlete impairments, requiring a flexible and imaginative approach, particularly given potential barriers between theory and practice. The Constraints-Led Approach (CLA) provides one potential solution; a functional framework for understanding interacting factors on athlete performance and learning. Despite the advocacy for a broad application of this approach in recent years, this has still had limited impact or research situated in elite sport.Purpose: To begin to bridge the gap between theory and practice, we consider the experiences of a skill acquisition specialist (SAS) working with para-sport coaches and athletes. We highlight key issues and challenges in these contexts, and how and why a CLA has been central to skill acquisition support. Furthermore, we aim to demonstrate how the need to pay careful attention to individual and environmental constraints in para-sport can highlight universal recommendations for practitioners who work in physical education (PE) or able-bodied coaching.Design: These aims are achieved via a reflective ‘conversation’ between the two authors. Commentaries are provided to compare experiences of the first author with current understandings within the literature. A case-study is then used to provide insights to bring to life how the framework of a CLA was used to support task designs for an athlete preparing for the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games.Findings: Reflections highlight the importance of the SAS gathering knowledge within and about specific athletes and contexts by immersing themselves in the performance environment to fully understand the complexities of the coaching environment, and adapt support accordingly. Discussions highlight the importance of working closely with coaches to harness experiential knowledge and design truly individualised tasks that match the individual needs of athletes. Considering impairment as simply one of many interacting individual constraints can allow for more effective task designs and provide useful examples for practitioners across a wider range of contexts (e.g. able-bodied sport, PE). We demonstrate how a CLA should be considered as a flexible framework, and that implementation needs to be carefully designed based on a range of factors (e.g. socio-cultural, coaching contexts). We also stress that an effective CLA is not a ‘hands-off’ approach, but constant careful and considered manipulation, facilitation and appropriate instructional input. Examples and key reflections are provided for coaches across all sport and PE contexts to consider when looking to implement a CLA.Conclusions: A CLA can support the development of individualised learning programmes and integration of key skill acquisition principles. Practitioners should look to consider the individual constraints, socio-cultural and coaching context to adapt current frameworks and knowledge to support coaches to continually improve practice task designs.

Cytotoxic therapy in acute myeloid leukemia: not quite dead yet.

Given the recent approvals of new agents for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a clinical trial pipeline stocked with novel therapies, and the rapid integration of imaginative approaches in diseases like acute lymphocytic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, it is reasonable to ask whether treatment of AML might finally depart from the classical cytotoxic induction therapy that has been employed since the 1970s. However, for better or worse, in 2018, cytotoxic induction regimens remain the standard of care for most patients. Indeed, the future likely lies in combinations of therapies that act with a spectrum of mechanisms. Using a case-based format, this review will outline current treatment expectations for patients according to karyotypic risk and familiarize readers with the basis for common induction choices. Relapsed/refractory disease may be especially amenable to interventions with novel agents or clinical trials; however, there are still some patients who most benefit from intensive chemotherapy. This review will outline risk systems that help the practitioner identify those with the best chances for response and survival. Finally, clinical tools, including geriatric assessments and comorbidity calculators, may help clinicians recognize patients for whom disease risk and comorbidity tip the balance against classical chemotherapy, a frequent challenge for those who treat this devastating disease.

Art, Aliens and the Machine

With the assumption that the extraordinary discoveries being made in planetary science will soon trigger a conviction of the likelihood of contact with sentient extraterrestrial beings—and with the further realization that such beings may well depend upon our visual arts as their primary point of reference in respect to our own species—this short paper uses an imaginative approach to develop some corollary ideas, and, in addition, to throw a spotlight on pioneering “systems art” theorist and visionary cosmic citizen Jack Burnham.