Image Theory Research Articles

Logics of War

As manifested in Jean Baudrillard’s notoriously provoking claim that “the Gulf War did not take place,” mediatization of war has long been associated with illusion. Today, war images that circulate online are increasingly judged by their proximity to ‘truth,’ eliciting a skepticism towards their ‘evidentiary’ value. By juxtaposing Baudrillard’s reading of the mediatization of the Gulf War with the contemporary image theories of e.g. Cecilia Sjöholm and Matthew Fuller and Eyal Weizman, the article explores how this skepticism is expressed in a contemporary context. Through visual analysis of a YouTube video of a press conference held at the bombed Al-Ahli Baptist Hospital in Gaza, it examines the relationship between the f orm through which the war is perceived (the images) and their cont ent (the ‘realities’ of war). Through a lens oered by Georges Didi-Huberman, the article concludes by suggesting that by expanding what I term the snapshot logic of war images to embrace a scenography of war, the press conference video gives form to the condition of desperation and suering in Gaza.

Influence of individual's age on the characteristics of brain effective connectivity.

Given the increasing number of older adults in society, there is a growing need for studies on changes in the aging brain. The aim of this research is to investigate the effective connectivity of different age groups using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and graph theory. By examining connectivity in different age groups, a better understanding of age-related changes can be achieved. Lifespan pilot data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) were used to examine dynamic effective connectivity (dEC) changes across different age groups. The Granger causality method with time windowing was employed to calculate dEC. After extracting graph measures, statistical analyses were performed to compare the age groups. Support vector machine and decision tree classifiers were used to classify the different age groups based on the extracted graph measures. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that there are significant differences in the effective connectivity among the three age groups. Statistical analyses revealed disassortativity. The global efficiency exhibited a decreasing trend, and the transitivity measure showed an increasing trend with the advancing age. The decision tree classifier showed an accuracy of with Kruskal-Wallis selected features. This study demonstrates that changes in effective connectivity across different age brackets can serve as a tool for better understanding brain function during the aging process.

THE EFFECT OF HALAL AWARENESS IN ENHANCING MUSLIM TRAVELLERS’ EXPERIENCE AND SATISFACTION THROUGH RELIGIOUS RESPECT

This study focuses on halal awareness provided by halal destination providers to enhance Muslim travellers’ experience and satisfaction through religious respect. A survey involves Muslim travelers who visited halal destinations in Indonesia in 2024 with a total sample of 364. The analysis employs covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM), incorporating confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural model evaluation to validate the hypotheses. The results show the effective role of religious respect in the relationship between halal awareness, Muslim travellers’ experience and satisfaction when they visit halal destinations. The framework significantly advances the theory of destination image emphasizing the crucial aspect of halal awareness in shaping the experience and satisfaction of Muslim travellers particularly the role of religious respect as a key factor in mediating these relationships.

Imaging theories of rotating quadric surface

Imaging theories of rotating quadric surface

“Change needs to start at home”: A reflexive thematic analysis of girl athletes' and coaches’ experiences of body image in New Delhi, India

Despite the physical, psychological, and social health benefits of sport participation, multiple barriers keep girls and women on the margins of sport in India. Further, body image concerns are implicated globally as a hindrance to sports engagement among adolescents but are rarely acknowledged in India. Due to a lack of research, the unique restrictions to sport participation faced by girls in India are yet to be understood. Drawing on the Sociocultural Theory of Body Image, this study explored the intersection of body image and sports from the perspectives of Indian athletes and coaches. Twelve athletes (girls aged 11–17 years; football n = 6, netball n = 6) and six coaches (football n = 3, netball n = 3) from New Delhi, India, participated in semi-structured focus groups. Reflexive thematic analysis was used and we formulated three themes: 1) “To Do What We Love, We Must Struggle”; 2) “What Will People Say?”; and 3) “Hold On To Your Power, Be You”. The themes provide a nuanced understanding of the experiences of athletes and coaches on and off the playing field. The findings shed light on several individual and systemic factors, such as harassment, societal norms, feelings of empowerment, and internalising appearance ideals, that impact girls’ engagement with sport in New Delhi, India. Methods to improve sports engagement, discrepancies between athlete and coach perspectives, and recommendations for sports organisations to combat body image concerns and improve sports uptake among girls in an Indian setting are discussed.

A theoretical analysis of the logging-while-drilling dipole acoustic reflection measurement

Post-drilling wireline acoustic single-well imaging technology can now detect geological structures tens of meters away from boreholes. Further development of this single-well imaging technology in the logging-while-drilling (LWD) environment will have significant values in real-time applications such as geosteering and reservoir navigation. Based on the wireline imaging application, we propose a new method for the LWD application. In wireline imaging, the four-component (4C) dipole acoustic data are azimuthally rotated to scan the reflectors around the borehole. In LWD, azimuthal scanning is achieved by drilling rotation such that the 4C dipole system in the wireline is replaced by a one-dipole-source and two-receiver LWD system, where the two receivers are mounted on opposite sides of the drill collar. For the LWD application, we first developed the theory for LWD dipole shear-wave reflection imaging and validated the theory using 3D finite-difference waveform modeling. Using the analytical solution, we analyzed the far-field radiation directivity of an acoustic LWD dipole source and the effect of drilling rotation on the shear-wave reflection imaging using the LWD acoustic system. The LWD analysis results show that, for fast formations, the SH-wave is the dominant component for imaging, whereas for slow formations, the P-wave becomes important and can be used for imaging. Our results also indicate that the reflection data acquired by the system are affected by the speed of drilling rotation. The take-off azimuth at the wave radiation may be different from the incident azimuth at the wave reception. Knowing the rotation speed, this azimuth difference can be corrected. A further advantage of using the oppositely mounted receivers is that the reflected wave arrives earlier (later) at the front (back)-side receiver; thus, the arrival time difference between the receivers can be used to eliminate the 180°-azimuth ambiguity of dipole acoustic imaging. For reflection imaging, using the proposed LWD system configuration, we tested its azimuth sensitivity and validated its 180°-ambiguity solution using synthetic LWD and field wireline dipole data. The results of this work, therefore, provide a theoretical foundation for the development of the LWD acoustic reflection imaging system.

Теорія фантомізації радіозображень РСА: базові відомості та обґрунтування розмірів ділянки фантомізації

The article's subject of study is the creation of the foundations of the theory of the formation of false elements in the images of aerospace radio vision systems by injecting informational signs of objects absent on the underlying surface. The goal is to substantiate the dimensions of the subsurface areas on which it is possible to simulate objects with different methods of viewing the exploring area from the aerospace radar carrier. Task: to develop the geometry of the problem, which will reflect the interaction between the radar with the synthesis of the Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) and the radar of phantomization (FR); to develop a general structural diagram of the FR; determine the main parameters, taking into account which will allow planning an "interaction" session between the SAR and the FR; to determine the sizes of the underlying surface areas, where it is possible to provide phantomization of radio images formed by SAR with different methods of examination. The methods used are mathematical and functional analysis, navigation, and remote sensing. The following results were obtained. The geometry of the problem of the interaction between the SAR and the FR was defined; it allowed us to calculate the interaction time between the systems and to establish the law of change of the distance between them at any placement of the SAR in orbit. The influence of the interposition of the considered systems on the expected shape of the SAR sounding signal and the size of the area on which the problem of radio image phantomization arises has been investigated. Examples of calculations of the specified parameters for various types of exploring of the earth's surface by radar from an aerospace carrier are given. Conclusions. The article summarizes and develops the theory of phantom radio images constructed using SAR. The obtained results establishing the dependence between the phantomization geometry and such parameters as the potential and actual time of interaction between the systems, the envelope of the bundle of received radio pulses, and the number of separation bands by range are important for further research in this direction, which at the moment it is advisable to focus on solving the optimization problem phantomization of separate blocks of the radar and determining the conditions for planning the processes of injecting objects into the transmitter signal and into the radio image formed by the SAR.

A novel framework for the quantitative analysis of the projected image of Accessible Tourist Destinations

This study addresses a research gap by introducing a pioneering theoretical framework for analyzing the projected image of Accessible Tourist Destinations (ATDs). Building on existing approaches to evaluating destination competitiveness and destination images, this framework was developed systematically codifying relevant literature, semi-structured interviews with people with disabilities, and expert panel consultations. The ATD model was tested by comparing analysis of official tourism websites from Spain and Portugal. The results show that ATDs combine functional attributes, such as technology, with key psychological characteristics, like an inclusive society and a tourism sector committed to accessibility. The findings suggest that a country’s tourism management structure may influence the competitive performance of local destinations. This study advances theories of competitiveness and destination image by incorporating the perspectives of tourists with disabilities. It provides practical insights for Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) to attract a more diverse market.

Imaging on surfaces with vibrational sum frequency generation microscopy

Nonlinear spectroscopy has been a valuable technique for probing surfaces for many decades. Still, in the recent past, nonlinear spectroscopy has become a useful tool for imaging monolayers on surfaces. This technique of nonlinear microscopy, more specifically sum frequency generation microscopy, provides both spectral and spatial information with varying resolution, allowing for the surface activity to be monitored and imaged. The following paper highlights the history, theory, and range of experimental advantages sum frequency generation imaging provides, focusing on specific experiments that put those advantages on display.

Crafting Cross-Border Connections: Religion and Perceptions of Erdoğan in the Middle East and North Africa

Abstract This study examines how religion influences public opinion about foreign leaders, focusing on attitudes toward Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, a pivotal figure in mena. Through the lens of image theory and Arab public opinion research, it offers fresh perspectives on the complex interaction between religion, understood as a multidimensional concept, and public sentiment. The empirical analysis of Gallup and Arab Barometer surveys reveals meaningful effects of piety, sectarianism, and Islamist ideology on perceptions of Erdoğan. Particularly, Erdoğan’s portrayal as a devout Sunni leader and a staunch Islamist strongly resonates among ordinary Arab citizens. While opposition to normalization with Israel engender support for Erdoğan, anti-Americanism does not exert a meaningful effect relative to religious considerations. This study underscores the role of the secular-Islamist divide, piety, and sectarianism in shaping perceptions of foreign leaders, calling for further scholarly inquiry into the nexus of religion, international politics, and public opinion in mena.

Modelling tourists’ travel intention: Role of tourism destination image, perceived value and situational involvement

Promoting travelling intention within social media is significant for stakeholders to grasp a new tourism market and cultivate a new model for development of tourism industry. This study aims to understand path of destination image affecting travelling intention, and to investigate the mediation role of perceived value, furthermore, to uncover the role of moderator of situational involvement. This paper conducts a survey on tourists visiting Guilin, collecting 435 questionnaires, and uses the structural equation modeling method to explore how the image of the tourism destination affects tourists’ willingness to travel. The research results indicate that cognitive image, emotional image, and projected image all have a significant positive impact on perceived value, perceived value as a significant mediator to bridge the relationship among the destination image and tourists’ travel intention. Furthermore, situational involvement plays a negative moderating role in the mediating effect of emotional value. This study endeavor will serve to enrich the understanding of perceived value theory, destination image theory, and tourism consumer behavior theory. It will also provide theoretical foundations and policy recommendations for guiding tourism consumer behavior, analyzing destination image perception, and destination marketing.

Sustainability in street food: Elaboration likelihood model (ELM) and image theory perspective

Street food has become an essential sector that attracts tourists' attention daily. Despite its positive impact on local development, the street food sector does not receive sufficient attention from policymakers. The contributions of the local street food industry are linked to the social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainability. This research examined the relationship between tourists' cognitive and affective evaluations of street food in the context of sustainability. In addition, it investigated the role of tourists’ attitudes towards organic food and their pursuit of health and naturalness in this relationship. Data were collected online using a survey technique, with 343 volunteer tourists participating in the study. A convenience sampling technique was used, and the research model was analysed using the PLS-SEM technique. The findings supported that cognitive evaluations of sustainability in the context of street food influence the construction of the meaning of sustainability. In addition, the mediating effect of attitudes towards organic food and the pursuit of health and naturalness in this relationship was identified. The results provide theoretical and practical implications for the relationships explored.

Multipath Characteristics of Orbital Angular Momentum Vortex Electromagnetic Radio Waves Over an Infinite Ground Plane

In this paper, the effect of an infinitely sized ground plane on the orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex electromagnetic (EM) radio waves is investigated. Although the effect of an infinite ground on OAM wave propagation and communication has already been numerically examined in the literature using the method of moments (MoM), this situation needs to be examined analytically and theoretically derived final form expressions need to be obtained. The multipath characteristics of OAM waves in a superconducting ground plane are theoretically presented considering both horizontal and vertical polarization conditions. In addition to direct radiation to an observation point in the far-field from the array antenna, many reflected radiations from the ground plane are also transmitted. The most fundamental reflected radiation is analyzed over a uniform circular array (UCA), adopting electromagnetic image theory. Furthermore, the transmitted field expressions obtained by considering both the circular array parallel to the ground plane and the circular array upright to the ground plane are formulated in a general analytical form for an OAM wave on a superconducting ground plane. In addition, numerical simulations are applied to exemplify the properties of OAM waves in the superconducting ground plane, unlike the isolated medium.

The Influence of Changes in the Logo and Slogan of PT Aplikasi Karya Anak Bangsa on Achieving Brand Image Among Consumers in Medan City

This study aims to analyze the effect of changing the logo and slogan of PT Aplikasi Karya Anak Bangsa on the achievement of brand image among Medan city consumers. The theory used in this study is the theory of communication, new media, advertising, brand, rebranding and brand image. The research method used is a quantitative method with explanatory research. The population in this study are consumers of theGojek application in the city of Medan. The sampling technique uses the Taro Yamane formula so that a total sample of 100 respondents is obtained with the sample criteria, namely consumers of the Gojek application in the city of Medan who know the changes to the Gojek logo andslogan. The data collection technique used in this study was field research by distributing questionnaires and library research. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing. The results showed that there was an effect of changing the logo and slogan of PT Aplikasi Karya Anak Bangsa on the achievement of brand image among Medancity consumers. The magnitude of the influence or the coefficient of determination of changes in the Gojek logo and slogan on brand imageachievement is 46.2%, which means the correlation is quite significant, while the remaining 53.8% is the influence of other factors not examined in this study such as service quality, trust, reliability and speed.

Creative City Brand Building on Social Media Platforms

With the advent of the digital age, social media has become an important tool to shape the image of a city's brand. This paper aims to explore how to use social media platforms to build creative city brands, so as to enhance the attractiveness and competitiveness of cities. Through the study of many successful cases at home and abroad, combined with the theory of social media communication and the theory of urban brand image, this paper analyzes the mechanism of social media in urban brand promotion. The research adopted a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, including online questionnaire survey, social media data analysis and in-depth interviews, to collect and analyze relevant data. The results show that social media can not only increase the visibility of cities, but also promote cultural exchanges and economic cooperation. In addition, the study found that personalized content creation, interactive user engagement, and sustained brand storytelling are key factors for successful city branding on social media. Finally, this paper puts forward suggestions on social media marketing strategies for different types of cities, and points out that future research should pay attention to the impact of changes in social media platform algorithms on the effectiveness of urban brand communication. This study provides a practical reference for city managers to promote city image more effectively in the new media environment.

Strategi Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dalam Membangun Citra Perusahaan Pada PT. Crown Worldwide Indonesia

This research is titled “Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Strategies in Building Company Image at PT. Crown Worldwide Indonesia” (Qualitative Study of Public Relations in carrying out CSR in a company). Image and reputation play a crucial role in communication for organizations, companies, and government institutions. PT. Crown Worldwide has implemented a Corporate Social Responsibility program aimed at enhancing its corporate image. The purpose of this thesis is to understand how PT. Crown Worldwide Indonesia improves its image through the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs. Another objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of CSR programs in enhancing the company’s reputation. The author employed a qualitative descriptive and using RACE (Research, Action, Communication, & Evaluation) research approach, emphasizing in-depth investigation and utilizing image theory to gain insights into the effectiveness of CSR practices in terms of perception, cognition, motivation, and branding image related to PT. Crown Worldwide Indonesia. In addition, this study also uses Triple Bottom Line analysis to analyze PT. Crown Worldwide. The research findings indicate that the CSR program successfully builds a positive company image and serves as a communication function, making the company well-known among relevant communities and adding value to the organization itself.

Exploring the Element of Form Based on Traditional Chinese Auspicious Patterns

Chinese traditional auspicious patterns, which date back more than 5,000 years, are a vital component of national art and traditional culture. These patterns have special meanings and are often associated with good wishes and blessings. Their development reached its peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. This research on auspicious patterns focuses mainly on the creation method and classification, with few forms. It seeks to ascertain the features of the traditional auspicious pattern form in China. This study adopts qualitative analysis, specifically in analyzing patterns by observation. Based on Panofsky's theory of iconography, the study selected six common Chinese traditional auspicious patterns and analyzed them to determine their classification, layout, composition and elements. It can be concluded that their form is characterized by various elements, specifically figurative and complete, complex pattern formations, full layout designs, balanced or symmetrical compositions, and single or fit patterns. Thus, this study summarized the pattern form analysis model or the PFC-Model. By addressing this gap in knowledge, the study enhances understanding of auspicious patterns. At the same time, the pattern analysis model can be used to analyze similar patterns, which makes it easier to analyze other pattern forms and brings the study of traditional Chinese patterns to a new height. In the meantime, this research only studies the external form of auspicious patterns. In this regard, as form and color is the first layer of research mentioned in Panofsky's image theory, it needs to be more comprehensive. In the future, researchers can continue to explore its color characteristics and extend the research into the content of the first layer of the theories. Undoubtedly, researchers can also expand the analysis of auspicious patterns using the theory's second and third layers.

Research on Size Measurement Method of Underwater Parts Based on Machine Vision

Abstract In order to measure the deformed parts under pressure, a size measurement method of underwater parts based on machine vision is proposed, whereas the relative position between the camera and target parts remains basically unchanged. Firstly, the imaging theory of the underwater camera is analyzed, and the mathematical relationship between the size of the target object and the number of pixels is established; Then, the underwater parts measurement system based on machine vision is built, and the image processing algorithm is studied to extract the target size; Thirdly, the genetic algorithm is studied to calibrate the camera measurement system; Finally, the relevant experiment is conducted on the underwater parts measurement system. Through the analysis of the results, the measurement uncertainty of the system is 0.0355mm, and the relative error is 0.1%. The underwater parts measurement system has practical value.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMAGE OF KUPANG’S STRAAT ‘A’

"City image" refers to the perception of a city, shaped by visual experiences, social interactions, and cultural influences. It includes physical elements like architecture and landscapes, as well as intangible factors that define the city's identity and functionality.Aims: This research project aims to explore the relationship between the tangible and intangible aspects of the image of Kupang's Straat "A" neighborhood.Methodology and Results: The research first examines Kevin Lynch's city image principles. It documents the physical elements of Straat "A" using tissue analysis maps, followed by an analysis of both physical and non-physical elements through perceptual and experiential approaches. Finally, the dominant elements of Kupang's Straat "A" urban image are interpreted.Conclusion and Impact: The research identifies three of the five physical elements of city image—paths, districts, and nodes—along with dominant non-physical elements like collective stories, identity, social activities, and user experiences. These findings enhance city image theory and offer valuable insights for urban design, particularly for architects and stakeholders.

Adaptive EWMA control charts for the Rayleigh distribution

Numerous supplementary Shewhart monitoring designs have emerged, customized to data that follows specific non-normal distributions like the Rayleigh distribution (RD). The Rayleigh distribution has a variety of applications in modeling theory of communication, physical sciences, diagnostic imaging, life testing, reliability analysis, applied statistics and clinical studies. The exponential weighted moving average (EWMA) design is frequently advocated in the literature because of its ability to swiftly detect smaller process alterations. However, the common EWMA chart may not perform optimally in detecting all changes in the process parameters. To address this limitation, this study introduces an adaptive EWMA structure for monitoring quality characteristics following the RD, called the adaptive Rayleigh EWMA (AREWMA) chart. To determine the design parameters of the AREWMA chart, a Markov chain model is utilized. Analytical results are then used to assess the performance of the AREWMA chart in comparison to existing competitors. The comparative analysis illustrates the strengths of the proposed AREWMA chart in detecting shifts of various magnitudes during parameter monitoring. Finally, we present a practical application of the proposed AREWMA chart in the manufacturing industry, utilizing real data on the time of failure eld-tracking of devices in a system. Our analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the AREWMA chart in detecting a range of shifts in the manufacturing process, highlighting its utility for continuous monitoring and quality control.