Image Of Perfection Research Articles

Основной вопрос философии образования

The article postulates the fundamental importance of the educational ideal in the socio-philosophical discussion on the topic of education and in the disciplinary discourse of the philosophy of education. The key milestones in the evolution of the concept of "educational ideal" are described, capturing the ideas that had a strong influence on changing its configuration. The theoretical origins of the study of the phenomenon of the educational ideal can be traced back to the times of antiquity, when the ideas of anthropocentricity and universality of the educational ideal and the duality of its form (meaning and purpose) arose. In subsequent eras, the educational ideal is discussed along these same substantive lines, with some adjustments to the spirit of the times. The ideas of the Enlightenment era became a turning point: the possibility of a universal educational ideal was called into question, and the contradictory idea of its sociocultural and historical-political conditionality was strengthened. The institutional substantive line of the educational ideal is developing. The attitude, rooted in the ideas of the utopians, to think of the ideal through its counter-ideal, which most often was the current state of the system, is being consolidated. The term "educational ideal" appeared in the writings of social thinkers of the 18th and 19th centuries. And it became the object of scientific analysis only in the second half of the 20th century, with the strengthening of the autonomous status of the philosophy of education. In the article, the educational ideal is considered a concatenation of meanings crystallized in the course of the historical development of social thought, reflection on the processes and content of education. The educational ideal is understood as an image of perfection that regulates ways of knowing and acting in the field of education, embodying in all its manifestations the idea of education and objectified in its purpose. The study of historical transformations of the concept "educational ideal" made it possible to determine its characteristics: ontology, invariance of the value core, simultaneous historicity and ahistoricality, conceptuality of content, and ideality of form.

АРИЯ ИЗАБЕЛЛЫ И ПОСЛЕДНЕЕ СЛОВО ХРИСТА: ИНТЕРМЕДИАЛЬНАЯ ИНТЕРТЕКСТУАЛЬНОСТЬ В ПОРТРЕТАХ СЫНА ИОГАННА КУПЕЦКОГО

The article is in analysis of the visual, musical and textual aspects of the relevant scientific issue – the concept of intermedial intertextuality – on the example of two engravings created in mezzotint technique based on the selfportrait of the outstanding Baroque portraitist of Bohemian origin Johannes Kupetsky with his son Christoph, and on Christoph’s posthumous portrait. The first one was created by the Nuremberg engraver Bernhard Vogel, the second – by him or by his apprentice Valentin Daniel Preissler. In addition to the images, those prints contain poetic inscriptions, quotations and musical texts. In a lifetime portrait the musical text was identified as the incipit of an aria of the Baroque opera by Reinhard Kaiser. Thanks to it, the quote from Statius’s “Thebaid” in the engraving was associated with the experience of marital adultery. In the posthumous portrait of Christoph, accepting from Manus Dei a scroll with the emblem of “Τετέλεσται”, the motto bears the evangelical connotations – the execution of the sentence and the completion of the earthly path. The image of the siren on the emblem corresponds to the image of the personification of Eternity in the Iconology by Cesare Ripa. However, the siren in the Nuremberg mezzotint holds not a ball but a compass, outlining an incomplete circle – a motif associated with the personification of Perfection. The emblem on the mezzotint illustrates a syncretic image of Perfection found in Eternity

Эстетика эволюции: Дарвин против Венеры Медичи

The article addresses the aesthetic views of Charles Darwin, which are considered within the framework of wider Victorian discussions on the nature of beauty as well as influential earlier thought on the topic. Particular emphasis is placed on 1860s–1880s fashion satire, since these visual and textual sources can yield useful insights into the cross-pollination between scientific knowledge and the popular culture of the era. The juxtaposition of a statue of Venus and a fashionable lady of the day, ubiquitous in mid-Victorian journalism and caricature, lurks across the pages of several of Darwin’s works, where it takes on a completely different meaning. While fashion satire presented Venus as a timeless ideal, which at the same time was seen as an epitome of “natural” beauty, Darwin questioned the very possibility of such an ideal. Rather than concentrated in a fixed set of bodily forms and proportions, he saw beauty in nature and in human societies as perpetually fluid and infinitely variable, as if following the logic of fashion, which many of his contemporaries blamed for corrupting classical aesthetics. Indeed, in The Descent of Man Darwin directly attacks Venus de’Medici, pointing to the limitations of this image of perfection and proposing a radical non-human aesthetics instead.

Perfectionistic self-presentation and orthorexia in exercisers.

The present study aimed to provide the first examination of whether perfectionistic self-presentation-an interpersonal expression of perfectionism-is related to orthorexia. We recruited a sample of 150 exercisers (Mean age = 27.7years). Participants completed the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale and the ORTO-15 on a single occasion. Two dimensions of perfectionistic self-presentation-perfectionistic self-promotion and nondisplay of imperfection-showed significant positive correlations with orthorexia. In addition, in multiple regression analyses controlling for the overlap between dimensions, perfectionistic self-promotion emerged as the strongest and only significant predictor of orthorexia. Perfectionistic self-presentation is positively associated with orthorexia in exercisers. Perfectionistic self-promotion-a need to portray an image of perfection to others-is primarily responsible for this relationship. Cross-sectional study, Level V.

Apokatastasis, Genesis 1.26–27, and the Theology of History in Origen's De Principiis

Many interpreters of De principiis understand the circularity of Origen's theology of apokatastasis to entail identity between the original and the final state of rational creatures. This essay argues that Origen's interpretation of the difference between creation in the image of God and perfection in likeness to God (Gen 1.26–27) gives way to a linear theology of history. In Princ. Origen envisions history as the economy of salvation, which God utilizes as the training ground for embodied rational creatures to exercise freedom, to undergo experience, and to receive the grace of God in Christ and by the Holy Spirit, all of which are necessary for their progress in virtue and attainment of eternal life. These two conceptual frameworks combine within this single work to suggest what might be referred to as Origen's "spiral theology" in which the end is similar to the beginning, but whereas in the beginning creatures fell from God, God will in the end become their "all in all" as their wills are confirmed in charity towards God so that they remain forever secure in their participation in God.

Azthetix (Image of Indigenous Manly Perfection)

Azthetix (Image of Indigenous Manly Perfection)

Narcissism and authentic self: An unfeasible marriage?

Previous studies have shown that both grandiose and vulnerable narcissists tend to project an image of perfection in order to gain admiration from others. The intrapersonal costs of this tendency have never been explored. The present study hypothesized that a systematic attempt on behalf of narcissists to both actively promote an image of perfection and hide imperfections (i.e. perfectionistic self-presentation) might be responsible for low authenticity levels in terms of self-alienation, non-authentic living, and acceptance of external influence. Structural equation modeling with a sample of 274 undergraduates (50.4% F; mean age 22.26 ± 2.51) supported the hypothesized mediating effect of perfectionistic self-presentation in the association between vulnerable narcissism and low authenticity. The variables in the model accounted for 43%, 58%, and 68% of the variance in self-alienation, authentic living, and accepting external influence levels. A non-mediated effect of vulnerable narcissism on authenticity dimensions was also detected. Grandiose narcissism was not found to be associated with low levels of authenticity. Our research suggests that clinicians should address the intrapersonal costs of self-presentational concerns among vulnerable narcissists. Developing a more coherent and realistic sense of self (i.e. accepting imperfections) could go a long way towards helping vulnerable narcissists become more authentic individuals.

The impact of domestic violence exposure on South Asian children in the United States: Perspectives of domestic violence agency staff

The South Asian community is the fastest growing ethnic group in the United States, and past research suggests that South Asian domestic violence (DV) survivors may require culturally-specific resources. Similarly, South Asian children in the US exposed to DV may have unique responses and needs, but this has not been explored to date. The objective of this study was to examine the specific needs of South Asian children exposed to DV from the vantage point of staff from South Asian DV agencies across the United States. Thirty interviews were conducted, with data coded and consolidated into larger themes using thematic analysis. Participants described several factors important to understanding the impact of DV on South Asian children including the role of the extended family, identifying with two cultures, fear about what the South Asian community will think, gender differences, and the importance of projecting an image of perfection. Participants also discussed development of culturally-tailored resources. This study suggests the importance of framing South Asian children’s experiences within the context of interweaving South Asian and American cultural values, with careful attention paid to how potential culture clashes between parents and children may impact the way children process trauma. Further work should triangulate these themes with children, parents, and extended family, as well as collaborate with South Asian DV agencies to design child-focused programs.

Ways of (Virtual) Seeing: Applying a Bergerian Lens in a Multi-User Virtual Environment (MUVE)

Ways of (Virtual) Seeing: Applying a Bergerian Lens in a Multi-User Virtual Environment (MUVE)

No One But Us

No One But Us Megan Staffel 1 A long, unmarked bus, silver on top, a weathered blue on the sides, entered the piazza. At the same time, thousands of miles away, a B-52 sailed through the sky, its long, silver body weathered by the equatorial sun. Bombs laddered down on a stronghold of the North Vietnamese Army that might, in actuality, have been a school full of children, and as the plane slipped back into clouds, the settlement that had been its target burst into fire. Meanwhile, in Rome, the bus circled the fountain and discharged its payload, a pack of children who attended the international school. The younger ones raced down the sidewalks that fed into the piazza while the older ones stayed where the bus had let them off, talking and dancing about, the more sophisticated among them lighting smokes. Vespas and cars zipped around the fountain, tables and chairs stood before a coffee bar, and at the top of a building, Petula Clark, coming soon to Palazzo dello Sport, gazed from a billboard. The bombing appeared on page four of the Rome Daily American where the purpose of the targeted building wasn't discussed. A mother knelt in the dust; she saw a charred notebook at the edge of the rubble, her son's name on the cover. With a stick, she brought it towards her, everything still so hot, but no one took a picture. In Rome, the last two children crossed the piazza. They were the same height, but one was skinny and girlish while the other had a mature shape. They seemed related; they didn't talk, and the more developed one trailed behind the other. They went into a bar, came back with coffees, sat at an outdoor table. "So, happy vacation!" Eleanor, the skinny older sister said. She was in her own life now. Our narrator must pull back, allow her to have her own life. "Yeah, some vacation," Melinda replied. "How come you don't have to go to summer school?" "You know why." "Well, it's not my fault. It's that stupid teacher. I did all the work, I can't help it." Melinda groped in her school bag, pulled out a compact and quickly brushed color onto her cheeks. She snapped the case shut and dropped it into the bag. Only then did she lift her coffee and take the first foamy sip, looking not at her sister but outwards, at the small, sealed world of the piazza in the afternoon. Every day after school they went to that coffee bar, and in the month that Petula Clark had been gazing down at them, her power never diminished. They [End Page 12] knew the words to her hit song, "Downtown," and whenever it spilled out of radios and TVs they sang along, their voices joining the great ballad of female loneliness sweeping across the globe. The singer's longing was their longing, a promise of the sadness that came naturally with adulthood. Eleanor looked up at the billboard. The parted mouth, the black lined eyes, the sculpted bouffant were an image of perfection so far off, so unattainable she worried she would never come close despite her sacrifices, the nights sleeping on plastic rollers, the early mornings at the mirror with the tiny jar of makeup and the impossibly small brush. And not only that. She saw the blood-stained panties Melinda tossed in the wash and how, when she picked up her bookbag to resume the walk home, she lifted her head only once to Petula, giving her the quick, admiring glance of a peer. As her sister maneuvered through the empty tables, six Vespas buzzed to the curb. Melinda ignored them, her patent leather shoes tapping the pavement, her hips rolling beneath the emerald skirt she had worn to school every day that week despite their mother's initial, halfhearted complaint: It's too short and too tight and filthy besides. The Vespas followed for a while, but by the time Eleanor caught up, they'd disappeared. When the girls turned onto their street, they shot down from the block above, six machines swooping in...

De las ilusiones fatales: el cuerpo como una hermosa ilusión publicitaria

resumen

Perfectionism and narcissism: A meta-analytic review

Theoretical accounts suggest an important relationship between perfectionism and narcissism, and 25years of research has tested these accounts. We meta-analyzed this literature, providing the most comprehensive test of the perfectionism-narcissism relationship to date. Thirty studies were located (N=9,091). After controlling for overlap among perfectionism dimensions, random-effects meta-analysis indicated self-oriented perfectionism, other-oriented perfectionism, and perfectionistic self-promotion were related to narcissistic grandiosity, whereas socially prescribed perfectionism, perfectionistic self-promotion, and nondisclosure of imperfection were related to narcissistic vulnerability. Results suggest grandiose narcissists strive toward lofty goals, impose unrealistic demands on others, and promote an image of perfection. Results also suggest vulnerable narcissists actively promote an image of infallibility while defensively concealing imperfections in response to perceptions of others as demanding.

The interpersonal expression of perfectionism among grandiose and vulnerable narcissists: Perfectionistic self-presentation, effortless perfection, and the ability to seem perfect

The current research focused on perfectionistic self-presentation and its relevance in models of narcissism as a form of overcompensation designed to deflect attention away from self-inadequacies. We took an extended view of perfectionistic self-presentation that includes a defensive need to seem effortlessly perfect and self-presentation capability. A sample of 305 students completed measures of narcissistic grandiosity, narcissistic vulnerability, perfectionistic self-presentation, effortless perfection, and perfectionistic self-presentation capability. Significant positive associations were found between grandiose narcissism and perfectionistic self-promotion and effortless perfection. Vulnerable narcissism was found to be associated will all facets of perfectionistic self-presentation, effortless perfection, and lower perceived ability to seem perfect. The present study paints a picture of grandiose narcissists as involved in promoting a perfect image of the self, pressured to be perfect with apparent ease and perceiving a sense of being able to promote such an image of perfection. In contrast, vulnerable perfectionists have a strong need to seem perfect but they feel unable to project this image. Our results are in keeping with the notion that vulnerable narcissists attempt to hide behind a mask but they do not feel fully capable of projecting an image of perfection.

The predictive ability of perfectionistic traits and self-presentational styles in relation to exercise dependence

Exercise dependence is a harmful pattern of exercise behaviour that research suggests is associated with trait perfectionism. The current study extends previous research by examining the relationship between symptoms of exercise dependence, trait perfectionism (self-oriented, socially prescribed, and other-oriented perfectionism) and perfectionistic self-presentational styles (perfectionistic self-promotion, non display of imperfection, and non disclosure of imperfection). In doing so, we examined the unique predictive ability of the three trait dimensions of perfectionism; the relationship between perfectionistic self-presentational styles and exercise dependence symptoms; and the incremental predictive ability of perfectionistic self-presentational styles beyond trait perfectionism. Two-hundred and forty-eight gym members (age M=25.74, SD 11.39, range 18–75) completed paper-and-pencil measures of the variables of interest. Analyses revealed that of the traits, self-oriented perfectionism was the most important unique predictor of exercise dependence. In addition, perfectionistic self-presentational styles were all positively related to symptoms of exercise dependence. Finally, after controlling for trait perfectionism, perfectionistic self-presentational styles explained additional variance in four of seven symptoms of exercise dependence (withdrawal, lack of control, reduction, and time). The findings suggest that, beyond exhibiting trait perfectionism, when exercisers are committed to portraying an image of perfection it may contribute to an unhealthy commitment to exercise.

Perfectionism and narcissism: Testing unique relationships and gender differences

Theoretical models suggest narcissists’ grandiose but fragile self-concept leads them to impose perfectionistic demands onto others and to promote an image of perfection in pursuit of others’ admiration. It is unclear which perfectionism dimensions are uniquely related to narcissism and if the relationship between perfectionism and narcissism generalizes across men and women. The present study addresses these important gaps in knowledge. Other-oriented perfectionism and perfectionistic self-promotion were hypothesized to be positively related to narcissism. Potential differences between men and women were also explored. A sample of 983 undergraduates completed measures of trait perfectionism, perfectionistic self-presentation, perfectionism cognitions, and narcissism. As hypothesized, other-oriented perfectionism and perfectionistic self-promotion were both positively and uniquely related to narcissism. The perfectionism–narcissism relationship generalized across the men and the women in this study. Somewhat unexpectedly, nondisplay of imperfection was negatively and uniquely related to narcissism. The present study represents the most comprehensive test of the perfectionism–narcissism connection to date. Results support theoretical models suggesting narcissistic perfectionists are demanding, hyper-critical, entitled, and grandiose individuals who impose their need for perfection onto others and who engage in brash self-promotion of their (supposed) perfection to others.

The Impact of Perfectionistic Self-Presentation on the Cognitive, Affective, and Physiological Experience of a Clinical Interview

Perfectionistic self-presentation is proposed as a deleterious interpersonal style that has an influence in clinical contexts that involves promoting a public image of perfection and avoiding displays and self-disclosures of imperfections. A sample of 90 clinical patients taking part in a clinical interview were assessed in terms of their levels of perfectionistic self-presentation and trait perfectionism and their affective, cognitive, and physiological reactions. Perfectionistic self-presentation dimensions were associated with (1) greater distress before and after the interview, (2) negative expectations and greater threat prior to the interview, and (3) post-interview dissatisfaction. Analyses of physiological data found that perfectionistic self-presentation was associated with higher levels of heart rate when discussing past mistakes, and, as expected, the need to avoid disclosing imperfections predicted higher levels of and greater change in heart rate when discussing past mistakes. Analyses that controlled for trait perfectionism and emotional distress showed that the need to avoid disclosing imperfections was a unique predictor of (1) appraisals of the interviewer as threatening before the interview and as dissatisfied after the interview; (2) negative pre and post self-evaluations of performance; and (3) greater change in heart rate when discussing mistakes. Perfectionistic self-presentation is discussed as an interpersonal style that can influence therapeutic alliance and treatment success.

A emoção como estratégia de fidelização da audiência: Jornal Nacional e os laços de afetividade com o telespectador

The emotion created by the mythical image of perfection of Jornal Nacional newscasters can be read as a strategy to maintain a loyal audience. The subjectivity of this process gives an increase of value to news, aggregating emotion to the cold search for a journalism based on objectivity and impartiality. This process is not explicit and it can be observed by the audience view – through reception opened to the plural subjectivities of social and cultural mediations. In an exercise of exploratory analysis, the social networking site Orkut offers spontaneous answers of the audience to this issue.

Perfectionism as a contraindication for cosmetic surgery: a reply to Clodius (2007)

Millions of individuals undergo cosmetic surgery every year [1]. However, little is known about the extent to which, or the ways in which, personality traits or selfpresentational styles influence cosmetic surgery. Therefore, we welcome Clodius’ commentary and encourage further dialogue on the role of personality processes in cosmetic surgery. We have contributed to this dialogue by asserting that perfectionism is a personality trait likely to influence the entire cosmetic surgery process, from interest in, to satisfaction with, cosmetic surgery [8, 12–14]. Although we applaud Josef [9] and Clodius [2] for highlighting the importance of personality processes in post-surgical outcomes, a central issue with their interesting typology is whether it aids cosmetic surgeons in identifying and in understanding “hyper-” or “para-aesthetic” patients before surgery. In our view, the Josef–Clodius typology appears best suited to helping cosmetic surgeons categorize dissatisfied patients after surgery. In contrast to Clodius, we now outline a model describing both identifiable features of perfectionism and mechanisms through which perfectionism creates surgical dissatisfaction (SD). By so doing, we intend to explain why, as asserted in our prior work [12], perfectionism represents a contraindication for cosmetic surgery. Before describing this model, evidence linking perfectionism to cosmetic surgery is reviewed. Cosmetic surgery patients are viewed by others as being perfectionistic [3]. Case histories also suggest that perfectionism may fuel an insatiable appetite for cosmetic surgery [4], and both surgeons [11] and psychologists [8] have nominated perfectionism as a contraindication for cosmetic surgery. Furthermore, empirical research suggests that perfectionism is related to contemplating cosmetic surgery [13, 14] and that perfectionism is elevated among female cosmetic surgery patients compared to carefully matched controls [12]. Overall, this literature suggests that perfectionism is relevant to understanding the process of cosmetic surgery and that perfectionism may influence SD. We now outline a model expressing the manner in which we believe perfectionism is likely to produce SD. Our model (see Fig. 1) proposes that perfectionism engenders SD via multiple pathways. Prior studies [12–14] using the Hewitt–Flett multidimensional perfectionism model [6, 7] indicate that three perfectionism dimensions are particularly relevant to cosmetic surgery: socially prescribed perfectionism (i.e., viewing other people as demanding perfection of oneself), perfectionistic selfpresentation (i.e., promoting a public image of perfection), and nondisplay of imperfection (i.e., concern over behavioral displays of imperfection around other people). In our model, perfectionism is understood as a distressing preoccupation with perfection as reflected in high levels of one or more of the above perfectionism dimensions. Perfectionism is not only believed to exert a direct influence on SD, it is also hypothesized to bring about SD through interpersonal hypersensitivity (see dotted black Eur J Plast Surg (2007) 29:357–359 DOI 10.1007/s00238-007-0111-4

Response to Professor Peter Lawler

Response to Professor Peter Lawler Thomas L. Pangle (bio) I'm honored by and grateful for the thoughtfulness and the sharply stimulating character of Prof. Lawler's critical reflections prompted by my book. Lawler states felicitously what divides us, in the following words: "Maybe we only disagree (only!) on what sort of God is the image of perfection beyond all human experience to which the deepest human longings point." My focus in this book is twofold, guided by what I have learned from Maimonides are the two fulcra of the debate between the exponents of biblical revelation and the exponents of Socratic rationalism. In the earlier chapters, I explore what I term the ontological questions. I orchestrate a philosophic interrogation of what, according to the Bible, it means to exist, for this whole that we humans experience and for the beings that constitute it in their interrelatedness. Above all, I try to make as intelligible as possible the full meaning of divine omnipotence. In doing so, I try first and foremost to bring out what is at stake, and above all precisely why and how it is that divine omnipotence renders philosophy in any strict, classical sense impossible. At the same time, I show how, in the actual historical dialogue between the upholders of biblical faith and the questioning of that faith that arose especially out of Platonic philosophy, the upholders of faith learned from the philosophic questions or challenges, and substantially revised or even reinterpreted the revelation they received through tradition, so as to meet what the philosophically instructed critics taught them were the true criteria of intelligibility and possibility. What is more, I try to show the precise extent to which omnipotence, as creation ex nihilo, can be made intelligible. But, by the same token, I show the degree to which even or precisely its believers wrestle with, and find themselves troubled by, its limited intelligibility. In other words, I try to show what is the extraordinary difficulty—not merely or most importantly for the rationalist, but for the thoughtful adherents of biblical faith—in even conceiving of creation or a creator in the strict sense (as ungoverned by eternal necessities in the existent). The full gravity of this extraordinary difficulty is indicated by a pregnant pronouncement of Maimonides (Guide of the Perplexed, Bk. 1, chap. 50): "belief is not the notion that is uttered, but . . . the affirmation that what has been represented exists outside the mind just as it has been represented in the mind." To what extent can the mind truly believe in what it cannot conceive? Here I note that Prof. Lawler follows Leon Kass in "waffling" (as he puts it) on the fundamental, and, I would contend, crucial point of God's being the Creator; and Prof. Lawler ascribes such "waffling" to the Bible itself, as well as to "key church fathers"; this "waffling" he finds inevitable because, as he puts it, "the two competing possibilities both present insuperable problems to the human mind": he seems to admit, then, that the meaning of "creation" and "the creator" is not and cannot take clear shape in his mind or in anyone else's. Still, none of this is sufficient to refute the possibility that we are nevertheless, or all the more, commanded by God to believe in him as the Creator. The philosophers can on grounds such as the preceding demonstrate only the gulf that separates our thinking minds and all our experience from such belief. There remains what Leo Strauss sometimes called the "brute fact" of what purports to be the experience of revelation. For there are surely some among us who undeniably experience the soul-electrifying and soul-transforming presence and call of what declares itself or is interpreted to be the providential God—who commands us to believe in him while also commanding us to do what is just, and who backs up these commands with the threat and promise of eternal sanctions. I try to bring out why it is that omnipotence is so important a dimension of the most profound belief in such providential divinity. And this points to the second and more important focus of my book: a critical...

The myth of perfection: the image of TV-Globo newscasters

The focus of this article is on the mythical image of perfection of the newscasters of the Jornal Nacional – Globo Television Network – constructed by the Brazilian media. Both as soft as well as hard news in magazines, newspapers and information sites, Fátima Bernardes and William Bonner are structured as a couple completely fulfi lled in the profession, in love and in family relationships. This reading is possible due to the overlapping of journalism and mythical thought. Using discourse analysis concepts as a support, we have analyzed 168 texts between 1998 and 2004, pointing out how the media have constructed this image and what meanings they have mobilized on attributing to the couple a special place in the pantheon of mass culture celebrities. Three distinct formations stand out: a) love, fame and beauty; b) talent and professional success; c) family and morals. More than just journalists, the newscasters are portrayed as stars with impeccable morals, diff erent from the vulgar celebrities present in the current media.