Images Of Asia Research Articles

The EU’s image in Asia: an analysis of the Taiwanese media reports on the EU between 2018 and 2021

The EU’s image in Asia: an analysis of the Taiwanese media reports on the EU between 2018 and 2021

Aliens, Enemies, and Allies: Images of Asia in the James Bond Films

This article examines the representation of Asia in the James Bond films through three particular lenses: "aliens", "enemies", and "allies". This study argues that the over-simplistic representation of Asia on screen fails to fully capture the complexity and diversity of the region in historical and contemporary international relations.

China's Influence in Asia: How Do Individual Perceptions Matter?

Taking pride in the vibrancy and transparency of democracy, countries such as the USA have prioritized the spread of democracy in its foreign policy. The admirable impact that this political agenda has garnered across the globe pushes us to ponder what China would offer as it aspires for a more prominent position on the international stage. Particularly, how would China foster its image in Asia and, as a result, earn a favorable voice and even all-out support from Asian countries, countries economically underdeveloped and politically volatile? This paper sets out to answer this question by critiquing whether or not popular perceptions of China’s political system impact how Asians perceive China’s influence in general. Conducting statistical analysis using the fourth wave of Asian Barometer Survey (2016) to assess the above argument, we find that Asians who lend their support for China are more keen to the economic opportunities that China’s growing economy offers their country than they are of China’s political system. In short, China’s authoritarian regime type does not factor into Asians’ perception of China, except when individuals are highly educated with and committed to democratic principles.

Utilization of CSR to build organizations’ corporate image in Asia: need for an integrative approach

ABSTRACTCorporate social responsibility (CSR) has been found to be a strong predictor of a favorable corporate image [Gray, 1986. Managing the corporate image: The key to public trust. London: Quorum Books]. Websites have become an essential communication platform [Dawkins, 2004. Corporate responsibility: The communication challenge. Journal of Communication Management, 9(2), 108–119]. This study aims to investigate how CSR can be used in enhancing organizational corporate image. Content analyses of 150 corporate websites of organizations in Asia headquartered in Singapore were conducted, followed by in-depth interviews with public relations (PR) practitioners to examine the motivations behind their CSR engagement. Findings showed that organizations utilized CSR as a means to enhance corporate image via four ways: Engaging in two-way conversations with stakeholders, adopting an inside-out communication approach with employees, recognizing the relevance of other CSR communication channels, and communicating CSR with authenticity. However, some organizations hesitate to use CSR communication to enhance their corporate image because they wanted to avoid being seen as using CSR as a promotional tool.

A New Era in Cultural Diplomacy: Promoting the Image of China’s “Belt and Road” Initiative in Asia

This paper aims to identify and analyze cultural diplomacy as an innovative tool in this new age by promoting the image of China in Asia through the Belt and Road Initiative, by means of the various characteristics of culture as a soft power tool. This paper proposes that through the use of cultural diplomacy as aspects of culture as a soft power tool, it increases cultural awareness about China’s cultural traditions that will in turn, further promote China’s image in Asia and a harmonious society.

Geopolitics, transnational solidarity or diaspora nationalism? The global career of M.N. Roy, 1915–1930

This article examines the global travels and anti-colonial thought of the Indian revolutionary Manabendra Nath Roy. It focuses particularly on his little explored stay in revolutionary Mexico, where he became a founder of the Mexican Communist Party in 1919. Drawing on archival sources from various countries and Roy's own writings, the article situates Roy's exploits somewhere between a global anti-colonialism, transnational solidarity and diasporic nationalism. It explores particularly the possibilities and the limits of an image of Asia and Latin America as regions united in their oppression by imperialism, and warranting shared anti-colonial strategies in the framework of international Communism.

Beyond Nyonin Geijutsu, beyond Japan: writings by women travellers in Kagayaku (1933–1941)

Kagayaku (1933–1941) was an offshoot of Nyonin geijutsu (Women's arts) that continued after Nyonin geijutsu shut down in 1932. This simple four-page leaflet extended the already complex vision of Nyonin geijutsu. This article focuses on Kagayaku's strong tendency to include writings by women intellectuals and artists living outside Japan, with contributions by women in North America, Europe, Brazil, the Philippines, Russia and China. It argues that, even as the publication was drawn into the nationalist discourses of an increasingly militarized Japan, these writings often reflected an increasingly cosmopolitan and eclectic perspective on culture, race, and ethnicity. At times, this tendency was tied to a ‘co-prosperity sphere’ image of Asia, but such an ideological category does not capture the writings meaningfully. Through close analysis of a few key texts from Kagayaku, this article draws attention to the ways the tensions between art and politics and gender and class that characterized Nyonin geijutsu played out in the wartime context.

Evaluating Convention Destination Images in Australia and Asia

Abstract Meetings and conventions are important sub-sectors of tourism. Convention tourism organizations select destinations that are complex. Destination image is the key to attracting most meeting planners. Conventions create significant economic benefits and job opportunities for their destinations. This study explores the image-building of convention destinations in nine countries. This study used the grey-situation decision-making method and the technique for ordering preferences by similarity to the ideal solution to compare rankings and select ten criteria for image measurement. The evaluation was based on secondary data from the World Economic Forum of 2011 and the International Congress and Convention Association Report in 2011. The results show the strengths and weaknesses of the nine studied countries in terms of the convention image development conditions. Singapore has the best image in Asia, and marketers and meeting planners can use the study data to produce more attractive advertising.

Assessment of stable light derived from DMSP/OLS night‐time imagery

A stable light image for south‐eastern Asia was extracted from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) night‐time imagery for 1999. The accuracy assessment of the stable light image has been completed using two methods: a reference data‐based comparison and a stratified random sampling method. The stable light image was compared with the conventional stable light image for 1999 and the Landsat ETM+ 2000 image for the Kanto region of Japan. The results show that the digital numbers of the new stable light image (almost <20) in the non‐urban area are much lower than those of the conventional stable light image (almost >60) because the new stable light image includes little noise. The stratified random sampling method could assess the accuracy for both the new stable light image and the conventional stable light image in Asia by classifying the images into stable and non‐stable light areas.

The Oeconomy of Human Life: An ‘Ancient Bramin’ In Eighteenth-Century Tibet

AbstractThe Oeconomy of Human Life purports to be an English translation of an ancient Indian text found by a Chinese scholar in Lhasa. Almost certainly written by Robert Dodsley (1704–1764), the book became an eighteenth-century bestseller. This article discusses its place in the varied lineage of western images of Asia, beginning with Alexander the Great's encounter with a group of ‘naked philosophers’ in India. It argues that the key features of the Oeconomy are representative of the Enlightenment period, with at best tenuous links to Tibet, India and China. However, it also belongs to a much broader literary tradition with deep roots and unexpected contemporary resonances.

一九八〇年代の「植民地主義者」による「交通」 : 坂本龍一『NEO GEO』におけるアジアへの視点( 近現代文学における )

一九八〇年代の「植民地主義者」による「交通」 : 坂本龍一『NEO GEO』におけるアジアへの視点( 近現代文学における )

The United States and East Asia after Iraq

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Acknowledgements The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the National Defense University, the Department of Defense, or the US government. The author thanks Steven Duke for research assistance, and Bernard Cole, Bonnie Glaser, James Schear, Colonel Michael Bell and Lieutenant-Colonel Jaime Laughrey for helpful comments. Notes 1. This article is based on three sets of sources. The first is discussions with Asian government officials and security experts over the last three years, including annual dialogues with Japanese, South Korean and Chinese experts and research trips to ten Asian countries. The second is a review of commentary from major Asian newspapers on the fifth anniversary of the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks, which provided a good overview of Asian concerns about US involvement in Iraq. The third is a review of recent public opinion polls, including 2006 studies by the Pew Global Attitudes Project and by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs. 2. 'U.S. image in Asia Deteriorating', Yomiuri Shimbun , 10 September 2006; ‘Survey: US Image Deteriorates in Asia’, Associated Press, 10 September 2006. 3. Other studies consulted include the 2006 Pew Global Attitudes Poll, ‘America's Image Slips, But Allies Share U.S. Concerns Over Iran, Hamas’, 13 June 2006, http://pewglobal.org/reports/display.php?ReportID=252; a BBC World Service/GlobeScan Poll, ‘Global Poll: Iran Seen Playing Negative Role’, 3 February 2006, http://www.globescan.com/news_archives/bbc06-3/index.html; and a BBC World Service/GlobeScan Poll, 'World Public Says Iraq War Has Increased Global Terrorist Threat’, 28 February 2006, http://www.globescan.com/news_archives/bbcpoll06-4.html. 4. Chicago Council on Global Affairs, The United States and the Rise of China and India: Results of a 2006 Multination Survey of Public Opinion (Chicago, IL: Chicago Council on Global Affairs, 2006), pp. 52, 57. 5. 85% in China, 84% in South Korea, 73% in Australia, 72% in Indonesia and 61% in the Philippines said that the Iraq War had increased the threat of terrorism. 44% of those surveyed in India felt the war had increased the threat of terrorism, while 18% felt the war had reduced terrorist threats. BBC World Service/GlobeScan Poll, ‘World Public Says Iraq War Has Increased Global Terrorist Threat’, p. 5. 6. Chicago Council on Global Affairs, The United States and the Rise of China and India , pp. 52, 57. 7. Ibid. , pp. 50–53. Proportions viewing the United States as playing a ‘very positive’ or 'somewhat positive' role in resolving Asian problems were 59% in China, 66% in India and 58% in South Korea. 8. The 600 Japanese troops deployed in Samara were assigned to reconstruction duties; South Korea's 3,500 troops made it the third largest contributor to the coalition. 9. See 'China in Asia: Chinese Influence, Asian Strategies, and U.S. Policy Responses', report of American Enterprise Institute and National Defense University conference, http://www.ndu.edu/inss/AEI-NDU_China_Seminars. 10. China's position is ambivalent: it officially opposes all military alliances, but supports the presence of US troops in Asia so long as they contribute to regional stability and are not aimed against China. 11. China's initiatives have been in the political and economic spheres. US commitments in Iraq may have increased North Korea's confidence that it could conduct a nuclear test without inciting US military retaliation. However, US willingness to invade Iraq likely reinforced North Korean fears of US military capabilities; North Korean official statements justifying its nuclear test emphasise the need to deter a possible US military attack. 12. Ann Scott Tyson, ‘U.S. Casualties in Iraq Rise Sharply’, Washington Post , 8 October 2006, p. A1. 13. Bill Gertz, ‘More Muscle, with Eye on China’, Washington Times , 20 April 2006. 14. Valiant Shield 2006 , http://www.pacom.mil/exercises/vs2006/index.shtml. 15. Julian E. Barnes, 'Army is Stretched Too Thin', Los Angeles Times , 15 December 2006. 16. Because combat is the crucible for evaluating officer performance, Iraq will also have a significant effect on the composition of the senior officer corps. Additional informationNotes on contributorsPhillip C. SaundersPhillip C. Saunders is Senior Research Fellow, Institute for National Security Studies, National Defense University. This article was prepared for a Council on Foreign Relations/IISS Symposium on Iraq's Impact on the Future of US Foreign and Defence Policy, with generous support from Rita E. Hauser.

Weltbild und empirie. Die erweiterung des kartographischen weltbilds durch die asienreisen des späten mittelalters

This paper focuses on the multi-stage process through which medieval travel reports (written between the Mongolian invasion in 1240 and the closing of the Chinese border in 1368) influenced the image of Asia in cartography from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries. This process—from the traditional world maps to the World Map of Fra Mauro—can be discussed on three levels. (1) It took a long time for the new experiences of the travellers to become part of the more traditional cartography. In both cartography and travellers' reports the world observed in situ, on the one hand, and a fixed representation of the world, on the other, were finally brought together, although inevitably in two different forms. In the course of this process the focus shifted from the representation of a mythical world to a more precise geographical knowledge. (2) This process can be divided into three phases. In the early fourteenth century map-makers began to insert single passages of text into traditional world maps, without changing the outlines. In the second half of the century the cartographic picture was altered, because the portolan charts introduced a new means of adding the extra information. Finally, in the fifteenth century cartographers corrected the picture of Asia on the basis of the earlier travellers' experiences, which played a major role in bringing together the rediscovered Ptolemaic image of the world with its traditional representation. (3) While the more or less personal travellers' reports mirrored the individual experience through the filter of the reporter, the perception of the Other in the cartography developed through another process of selection. The result was a limited selection, in which only a few major authors dominated the scene.

Managing Australia's image in Asia

Managing Australia's image in Asia

China's Transition from Socialism: Statist Legacies and Market Reforms, 1980-1990 (review)

254 China Review International: Vol. ?, No. ?, Spring 1994 Westview Press, 1991). Although the present study of Chinese almanacs can stand alone, readers who wish to gain a fuller background to appreciate the role ofalmanacs in Chinese culture should consult this earlier work. This short book is published in the "Images ofAsia" series of Oxford University Press and fits their goal by being "written for the non-specialist reader by an authority on the subject, with extensive illustrations...." Nevertheless, for English readers who have never seen a Chinese almanac, the best introduction is still the translation by Martin Palmer and others, titled TungShu (Boston: Shambala, 1986), which reproduces the size, format, and contents of an actual almanac. However, for those who want a convenient and authoritative historical survey of the genre unencumbered by notes, this erudite and colorful little book by Smith is unsurpassed. David W Chappell University of Hawai'i Dorothy Solinger. China's Transitionfrom Socialism: StatistLegacies and Market Reforms, 1980-1990 Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1993. vii, 292 pp. Hardcover $49.95, paperback $19.95. copyright1994 by University of Hawai'i Press As it is now more than a decade since the Dengist program of economic reform was first implemented, this collection of essays assessing the political-economic changes brought about by the reform is a timely one. The trajectory of economic reform in the People's Republic of China (PRC) over the last decade is nicely captured in this well-documented, carefully researched, and thought-provoking volume by Dorothy Solinger. In a series of essays written over the span of a decade, the author presents a portrait of a socialist reform program that has its roots in the policy debates of the 1950s, between Mao and Chen Yun, whose reform ideas were never implemented before Mao's death. Solinger's topics range from an analysis of the reform of the commercial sector (chapter 3), to changing relationships between the center and localities (chapter 7), to the new (but not necessarily ideal) relations between the state and emerging private sector (chapter 11). Setbacks and policy reversals notwithstanding, economic reforms which have been adopted in the PRC in the last decade should not be taken lightly by Western social scientists. Beginning with an essay which traces the origins of current reform policies to the economic policies initially raised at the 1956 party congress, Solinger contends that the Dengist reform program of the late 1970s was really, as she calls it, a "reformulation" ofmany of the themes addressed by Chen Yun and Xue Reviews 255 Muqiao some two decades earlier (chapter 1). In so reasoning, Solinger offers a fresh interpretation ofthe Chinese reforms as a reemergence ofimplementation of reform policies that could nothave been carried outbecause ofthe interruption ofradical Maoism from the Great Leap Forward onward. Such an interpretation is certainly not in line with the interpretation ofthose who argue that the reforms were primarily crisis-driven, prompted by the urgent need to solve the problems ofboth a sagging economy and the waning ideological commitment of the masses, nor does it complement the currentlypopular reading ofthe reforms as a "second revolution" in the history of the PRC. Solinger's work represents a stimulating and provocative addition to this debate. Throughout the essays contained in this volume, the author forcefully insists on her contention that the Chinese reform represents "a package ofmeasures valued for their potential to improve the working ofand to increase the state's receipts from national economy," and that"the fundamental commitment supporting reform, then, was a contingent and not an absolute one" (p. 4; emphasis added). The statist intention on the part of the leadership and their commitment to socialism, the author reminds us from time to time, remains basically unchanged (pp. 23, 79, 143-144). This is certainly true of the majority of the CCP leaders, including Deng himself. However, while one is easily convinced of the contingent, pragmatic nature ofthe reform program, one wonders if the original intentions ofthe leadership matter at all once the Rubicon is crossed, and whether or not such shifting contingencies push the threshold ofthe original statist (socialist) commitment. Indeed, as the author herselfhas shown quite eloquently in the later...

Review Article: Two "Images of Asia" A Comparison

Review Article: Two "Images of Asia" A Comparison

ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲデータによるアジア中緯度地域のモザイク画像

ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲデータによるアジア中緯度地域のモザイク画像

Desultory opportunists? Our professional image in Asia

Desultory opportunists? Our professional image in Asia

Images of Asia: A Passage through Fiction and Film

While the world is in the process of becoming a single great mass of humanity-a global community, as it is sometimes called-the very diverse national and cultural groupings that make up the world's population retain attitudes and habits more appropriate to a different technological age, when the contrasting civilizations existed far removed from one another and the well-being of most individuals was determined within largely self-contained nations, or even smaller communities. The continuance of such parochial attitudes in an independent, closely knit world would probably spell catastrophe. Basically this is an educational problem.

Can Pax Americana Succeed?

With the election of President Johnson, the American people had every right to expect the lessening of cold-war tensions and defense expenditures and increased government attention to the serious and long-standing domestic problems of the nation. However, the decision to use force in Vietnam has done irreparable harm to the American image in Asia and is forcing the Soviet Union and China together in spite of their ideological differences. Coupled with the growing hostility toward American economic outthrusts in West Europe—which are encouraging economic co-operation between West and East Europe—the danger of an involuntary "Fortress America" looms large. Also the Administration's decision to send large numbers of troops to Santo Domingo to protect and evacuate American citizens and to prevent "another Cuba" has aroused Latin-American anger and fear of us. If the United States continues to intervene in every small revolution which seems capable of turning Communist, it will find itself encircled by a hostile world. The Fortress America which would perforce result would lower our living standards, endanger nuclear war, and usher in a new era of McCarthyism, none of which would be conducive to individual freedom. As in 1954, when a few powerful officials were pushing us into preventive war with China, conservatives and liberals should join in effective protest against government policies before it is too late.—Ed.