Ilmu Pengetahuan Research Articles

Pengembangan keterampilan sosial dalam organisasi kemahasiswaan himpunan mahasiswa program studi (HMPS) Tadris Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau

This research aims to develop social skills within student organizations, specifically the Himpunan Mahasiswa Program Studi (HMPS) Tadris Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial at Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. The study employs a qualitative methodology, utilizing interviews, observations, and document analysis. Interviews were conducted with HMPS members and administrators to gain in-depth insights into their experiences and perspectives on the essential social skills cultivated within the organization. Observations were made to directly observe interactions during organizational activities such as meetings, discussions, and events. Documentation was used to collect data from various official organizational documents such as meeting minutes, activity reports, and organizational guidelines. The findings indicate that social skills, including effective communication, teamwork, and adaptability, are crucial and are actively developed within HMPS Tadris IPS. Members enhance these skills through active participation in sports, training, and mentorship activities. The study concludes that organizations like HMPS Tadris IPS play a vital role in developing students' social skills, which are beneficial not only in academic settings but also in their future professional lives.

Development of Flipbook with Living Value Education Program-Based as Teaching Materials to Improve Students' Religious Values

The current use of technology-based learning media is still limited to textbooks from the government and projectors that display presentation slides or videos. The current study used a flipbook as a new alternative for teaching materials with additional religious values. This study aimed to 1) generate a flipbook for social and science studies (Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial or IPAS) with living values education program-based feasible to improve religious values; 2) determine the responses about the IPAS flipbook as a learning material from the teachers; 3) evaluate the responses about the IPAS flipbook as a learning material from the teachers from the students in enhancing their religious characteristics. The research design used was a research-and-development with a 4D research and development model (define, design, development, and dissemination). The subjects of the validation test are material experts and media experts, while the responders to the media are teachers and 19 fourth-grade students of SD IT Samawi. The data was collected using interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The data analysis methods used are qualitative and quantitative. The results showed that the feasibility assessment of the IPAS flipbook is categorized as having "very good" criteria by material experts (average score of 4.6) and media experts (average score of 4.1). Furthermore, according to the fourth-grade teachers from SD IT Samawi, the flipbook media received an average score of 4.8, with "very good" criteria and is worthy of use. The fourth-grade students of SD IT Samawi responded well to the IPAS flipbook media, which obtained positive response results with an average prevalence of 90.7%.

Strengthening Human Resource and Regeneration in The Process of Integrating Knowledge In Economics At PCIM Spain

Abstract. Integration of knowledge as Islamic methodology and intellectual heritage were never obstacles to human development, but what stands as obstacles to human progress are the weak political leadership, poor investments on human capital, as well as the wrong interpretations of the Islamic messages by those who claim to speak for Islam. Indeed, integration of knowledge is a gateway to bring in again the glory of the noble Islamic civilization which never denied the great position of man, his leadership and intellectual capabilities to carry on the message of Khilafah and attain Falah both in this world and the Hereafter by both means of revelation (wahy) and reason (‘aql). This study aims to strengthen the human resource as well as to conduct regeneration in the process of integrating knowledge in Economics at PCIM Spain. To achieve the objective, this study conducts six (6) series of seminars and workshops on Integration of Knowledge particularly in Economics field. The results show that, to strengthen the human resource especially for lecturers who teach Economics or other disciplines, they should master several traditional sciences. Herewith the order of priority mastery of traditional sciences: [1] Arabic; [2] General historical insights about Islamic civilization; [3] Ushul Fiqh; [4] Their respective scientific disciplines (all of which have a turats basis); [5] Ushul Tafsir; [6] Ushul Hadith. In conclusion, the outputs of this Community Service Program are, [1] Six (6) series of seminars and workshops on Integration of Knowledge particularly in Economics field which is held by UMY in collaboration with PCIM Spain; [2] Integration of knowledge book, that contain the summary of Integration of Knowledge Studies from many scholars’ perspectives; [3] Publication of article from this Community Service Program (Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat - PkM); [4] Publication of mass media about the program (Kajian Ber-seri Integrasi Ilmu Pengetahuan Kerja Sama UMY dan PCIM Spain).

DIMENSI TAUHID DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM BERBASIS FILSAFAT NATURALISME AUGUST COMTE

This article raises the problem of the lack of integration of tauhidic values ​​in Natural Sciences (Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam) learning in connection with the non-inclusion of tauhidic values ​​in the Learning Implementation Plan (Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran). This research aims to reveal how aspects of tauhid can be integrated in the context of Natural Sciences (IPA) learning, as well as how the concept of Naturalism proposed by August Comte can be applied in natural sciences learning. So the results can provide guidance to educators and teachers about the importance of the tauhid dimension in science education and inspire discussions about how Comte's naturalism can be applied meaningfully in modern and diverse educational contexts. The method used is philosophical qualitative, with an emphasis on conceptual analysis and Comte's philosophical understanding of Naturalism. The results of this research will highlight the challenges faced by teachers in integrating monotheistic values ​​in science learning, as well as the impact of this lack of integration on the education and development of students. Through a philosophical qualitative approach, it will also show an understanding of how teachers can understand and apply tauhid dimension in science learning effectively. Thus, the findings in it will provide insight into how to increase the integration of tauhidic values ​​in integrated natural science education, by referring to August Comte's naturalist concepts.

Implementation of IPAS with an Inquiry Learning Model in Grade 4 Primary School

IPAS (Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial/Natural and Social Sciences) constitutes essential subjects in the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in primary schools. The primary goal of integrating IPAS is to enable students to effectively manage their natural and social environment as a whole. In light of this objective, the researcher recognized the necessity of conducting this research. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method conducted at one of the elementary schools in Sukoharjo District, Central Java. The respondents in this research include the school principal, fourth-grade teachers, first-grade teachers, and fourth-grade students. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation, followed by technical triangulation to validate the field findings. Based on the results obtained from the implementation of IPAS learning using the inquiry learning model, it is established that natural and social sciences were taught separately in the first and second semesters. The results of research conducted in the second semester reveal that IPAS learning activities on social science material have been implemented effectively in terms of planning, execution, and evaluation, with a focus on adhering to the syntax of the inquiry learning model. Obstacles to IPAS learning include educators’ lack of readiness for curriculum changes, limited training and information regarding the curriculum, a lack of skill in using technology, and classroom conditions that are not conducive. Efforts made include increasing the competence of educators through teacher working group forums, participating in training, and managing classes to ensure conducive learning activities. This research is expected to serve as a valuable reference for studying the implementation of IPAS with the inquiry learning model in the Merdeka Curriculum.

Animation-Based Learning Motivation Analysis on Human Digestive System Material to Evaluate Students’ Motivation

This study aims to evaluate students’ indication-based learning motivation as well as the level of animation-based learning motivation in the class XI Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) at Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) Negeri 2 Rantau Utara on human digestive system material. Descriptive statistical analysis is used in the research method’s quantitative component. Out of the 141 students in the XI Science class, 105 participants were randomly chosen from three classrooms using a purposive sampling technique. Instrument testing was done to ascertain the reliability and accuracy of the angles, questioner. The study’s methodology used the Student Learning Motivation Questionnaire. Data analysis techniques using quantitative descriptive analysis assisted by SPSS for Windows program. The findings revealed that students in class XI IPA 1 had extremely high levels of learning motivation (82.09), class XI IPA 2 had good levels 72.31, and XI IPA 3 had low levels 64.77 (good). Student motivation is measured by indicators such as persistence in learning, which has an average value of 77.65(good), tenacity in overcoming challenges, which has a value of 72.51(good), interest in learning, which has a value of 82.57(very good), achievement in learning, which has a value of 81.10(very good), and independent indicator in learning, which has a value of 74.21(good). Teachers should be able to use learning innovations like animated media or other interactive media to continue motivating students to learn as a result of this study’s follow-up findings. This will ensure that students are always interested in what they are learning.

PENGARUH PERLAKUAN ALKALI TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS SERAT LANTUNG (ARTOCARPUS ELASTICUS)

Alkali treatment of natural fibers is one of the chemical treatments used to increase the exposed cellulose content through the removal of hemicellulose and lignin on the fiber surface. This study aims to investigate the effect of alkali treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of lantung fibers. The materials used in this research consist of: lantung fiber (Artocarpus elasticus) with an alkali treatment process using 4% and 6% natrium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions and immersion time of 1 and 2 hours, at room temperature. The fiber neutralization process includes washing the fibers using fresh water and drying them at room temperature for 48 hours. Tests carried out include XRD test, SEM photo observations conducted at Balai Penelitian Teknologi Mineral, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia and fiber tensile test based on ASTM D 3379 standard. The results of XRD and fiber tensile test showed that alkali treated lantung fibers were effective in increasing the crystallization index (CI) value and fiber tensile strength. The highest CI values and fiber tensile strength were obtained at alkali treatment of 4% NaOH for 2 hours, respectively 85.42% and 228.5 MPa. The results of SEM photo observations showed that alkali treatment on the fiber surface could remove impurities based on the concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and soaking time. This shows that proper alkali treatment can increase the strength of lantung fibers.

Analysis of Disaster Mitigation in IPAS Subject of High School Phases under Merdeka Belajar Concepts

Indonesia’s geographical condition is vulnerable to geological changes and prone to natural disasters. The Indonesian Government has made various efforts to reduce disaster risk by developing disaster-safe education units. Disaster education will be effective if it is integrated into the curriculum in the school subjects such as social studies from an early age. This study aims to provide ideas for implementing disaster mitigation learning for high school students based on the concept of Merdeka belajar in the digital age. To better understand disaster preparedness under the concepts of Merdeka belajar, we thoroughly examined the relevant databases. It was carried out within the education framework put out by Ki Hadjar Dewantara (1889–1959), Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776–1841), and Jan Komensky (1592-1670). Given that Indonesia has at least 13 disaster threats whose risks vary depending on the region, it is crucial to understand the local wisdom in disaster mitigation. This content is available in high school phases’ natural and social sciences subjects (ilmu pengetahuan alam dan sosial, IPAS). This research is crucial to successfully improve the teaching-learning quality to meet the needs of the Pancasila student profile.
 Keywords: disaster mitigation, IPAS, high school, merdeka belajar, digital learning

Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Materi Pertumbuhan Ilmu Pengetahuan Bani Abbasiyah Melalui Metode Paired Story Telling dan Media Articulate storyline

The purpose of this study was to improve cognitive learning outcomes for students of class VIII D SMP Dharma Lestari on the material for the pertumbuhan ilmu pengetahuan pada masa Bani Abbasiyah period by applying the paired story telling method and media articulate storyline. This type of research uses classroom artion research (CAR) with data obtained by the method of observation, tests and documentation. The results showed an icrease in student learning outcomes which can be seen from the average class in the first cycle of 77,91 with a completeness percentage of 77%, the class average in the second cyle of 88,26 with a completeness percentage of 88%. So, it can be concluded that by applying the paired story telling method and media articulate storyline, it can improve the learning outcomes of class VIII D students, of Dharma Lestari middle school, salatiga. 

CONFLICT COMMUNICATION IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS: A CASE STUDY AT LIPI

This study analyzed organizational conflicts at the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (Indonesian: Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI)) that occurred in 2019. LIPI is the largest research & development institution in Indonesia with the task of promoting sciences. For this reason, the presence of conflicts disturbed its performance. In this study, the researchers applied a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and document study. The results indicated that the source of the conflict was the issuance of LIPI Regulation No. 1/2019 concerning the Organization and Work Procedure of LIPI. Besides, the causes were the presence of conflicts of interest related to the struggle for limited resources, different conceptions & goals in managing the organization, and communication barriers. The impacts of the conflict were demonstrations, the emergence of apathy, individualism, and opportunism in some employees, and the delay of internal services. This conflict was resolved through dialogue, mediation, and speeding up the policy implementation process. In this conflict, the Head of LIPI was the actor who had high power and interest, while human resources (in science and technology and its supporting) and non-civil-servant government employees were internal actors who had high interests but weak power.

Turning Vulnerability into Resilience during Covid-19: Investigating Indonesian MSMEs Business Resilience Drivers

The Covid-19 pandemic that has spread since the beginning of 2020 is considered a "Black Swan" event because it appears unexpectedly, is difficult to predict and occurs not within the normal expected range and has a very extreme impact. The Covid-19 pandemic brought people to enter an era full of turbulence called VUCA, or stands for "volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous". The implementation of social mobility restriction policies to overcome the rate of viral infections led the community to enter a prolonged health, social and economic crisis. One of the worst affected sectors is MSME.In Indonesia alone, MSMEs have a significant role in the economy because they contribute 61.07% of GDP and absorb 97% of the total workforce (Kementerian Kordinator Bidang Perekonomian Republik Indonesia, 2021). However, the MSME Performance survey during the COVID-19 pandemic showed that during the pandemic, 94.69% of businesses experienced a decrease in sales, and 85.42% of MSME respondents also stated that their business was likely to last only one year since the pandemic took place (Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, 2020). The results showed that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are particularly vulnerable to failure in continuous shifts and unpredictable events (Pal et al., 2014), like Covid-19. SMEs are also the most affected in times of crisis and the least prepared of all organizations. Furthermore, the study of How SMEs prepare and respond to emergencies is still not much explored (Sullivan-Taylor & Branicki, 2011). Keywords: MSME Business Resilience, Covid-19, Cost of Technology Adoption, Technology Perceived Usefulness, Government Support

The Effect of Media Literacy and Cognitive Ability on Recognition Laptop-Based Media for Children

Education has long been the target of utopian interventions, and with technological interventions, offering to change drastically or even eliminates classroom-based learning, traditional education research needs to focus on introducing technology tools at an early age through media literacy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of media literacy and cognitive abilities on the introduction of laptop-based media. This study used a quasi-experimental design involving 46 children. Data collection techniques through tests and data collection tools using statement sheets, which were processed using t-test. The results showed that the experimental class using the original laptop media had a high average value of 86.66 compared to the control class using the imitation laptop media which had a value of 81.66. There is a significant effect of media literacy and cognitive ability on the introduction of laptop-based media in children. On the introduction of laptop-based media in children, media literacy and cognitive capacities can have a big impact. The comparison of the average value of the control and experimental classes demonstrates this. When children are introduced to media via a genuine laptop, they become more excited and engaged in the experimental lesson.
 Keywords: media literacy, cognitive ability, laptop-based learning media

Hierarki Ilmu Pengetahuan Al-Ghazali : Suatu Tinjauan Filosofis

Abstract
 
 Al-Ghazali was a complete Muslim thinker. His thinking included almost all the discipline of knowledge from theology, fiqh, philosophy, mysticism, to education. This study attempts to explore the ideas of al-Ghazali in mapping science according to its hierarchy in this application of life, as well as explicitly the practice of learning in the world of education (Islam). He divided the science on three global scales by way of epistemologists, ontologists and axiologists approaches. This classification is then translated into four classification systems. First, it cascades its sciences into a theoretical and practical science. Second, huduri knowledge and husuli knowledge. Third, religious (Syari'ah) and rational ('aqliyah), and fourth fard 'ain (compulsory over each individual) and fard kifayah (compulsory over people). From this hierarchy of al-Ghazali's hierarchy also reveals the value of science, which was briefly embodied in mahmudah (good), madzmumah (reprehensible), and neutral-sometimes praiseworthy, sometimes reprehensible, depending on the circumstances and conditions of the background.
 Kata kunci : pendidikan, hierarki, ilmu pengetahuan

PENGGUNAAN JENIS MEDIA DAN PERLAKUAN PUPUK UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN ANGGREK DENDROBIUM

ABSTACT
 Reseach on dendrobium orchids was planted in the media of wood charcoal and coconut fibers and it is needed with Gandasil B fertilizer wood charcoal and coconut fiber media and is needed with Gandasil B and Multitonik fertilizer. This study aims to determine the effect of media and fertilizer on orchid growth and to determine pests and diseases in Dendrobium orchid plants. This reseach was conducted in May until July 2019 in the Plant Physiology Laboratory Biologi Prodi Studi Biologi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Udayana. Qualitative and quantitative data are used that combine the Gandasil B fertilizer and fibers and wood charcoal media Fertilizer Gandasil B fertilizer with concetration G0 (0 g L-1), G2 (20 g L-1), G3 (30 g L-1), G4 (40 g L-1), G5 (50 g L-1). Fertilizer Multitonik M0 (0 g L-1), M1 (1,1 g L-1), M2 (1,2 g L-1), M3 (1,3 g L-1), M4 (1,4 g L-1), M5 (1,5 g L-1). Each fertilizer concentration was repeated 6 times. The results showed the best orchid growth was found in the use of Multitonik fertilizer and the best orchid growth was found in the use of Multitonik number of leavers and root growth were found in the use of coconut fibers media

Analysis of Students' Internet Utilization to Improve Public Information Literacy in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0

This research aims to determine the level of information literacy, internet utilization as a source of information literacy, and internet utilization to increase student reading interest at Institut Keguruan dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Siliwangi (IKIP Siliwangi). This research uses qualitatif descriptive method. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, and documentation studies. Selection of research subjects using the snowball sampling technique. This research's subjects consisted of 23 students related to literacy, 16 students related to information literacy, 18 students related to the results of internet utilization in increasing students' reading interest, and 1 lecturer of Community Education at IKIP Siliwangi. The results showed that students 'understanding of information seeking and information selection was still low compared to students' understanding of information dissemination. Students are still not optimal in using information literacy. Only a few students understand information literacy, how to use information literacy, and select information. Students understand the use of the internet and use it only for social media activities, but low in utilizing the internet as a learning source. Also, the results of the study indicated that students' reading interest was low. Students choose to use the internet instead of reading books. Students do not feel the need to come to the library to find books that match what they need to learn. Therefore, students have to understand the concept of information literacy and take advantage of various applications that support learning.

Implementation of Convolutional Neural Network and Multilayer Perceptron in Predicting Air Temperature in Padang

Weather prediction is usually performed for a reference in planning future activity. The prediction is performed by considering several parameters, such as temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, and others. In this study, the temperature, as one of weather parameters, is predicted by using time series from January 2015 to December 2017. The data was obtained from Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) weather measurement station in Muaro Anai, Padang. The predictions were carried out by using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and the hybrid of CNN-MLP methods. The parameters used in the CNN method, such as the number of filters and kernel size, and used in the MLP method, such as the number of hidden layers and number of neurons, were selected by performing the hyperparameter tuning procedure. After obtaining the best parameters for both methods, the performance of both methods was evaluated by calculating the value of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and R2. Based on the results, we found that the prediction by CNN is more accurate than other method. This is indicated by the highest value of R2 of the prediction obtained by CNN method.

Penerbitan buku ilmiah daring berbasis open monograph press (OMP)

Introduction. There has been limited discussion on Open Monograph Press (OMP) although its potential is recognized to support academic publications in Indonesia. This is due to the lack of access to information and dissemination of OMP by academic publishers that have implemented OMP in their publication process.
 Data Collection Method. This paper used a qualitative approach by starting the elaboration publication process in Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) Press. This paper examined how OMP-based online publishing system is able to accommodate book publishing process in LIPI Press. Primary data in this study was collected through records of the user interface of the online page of LIPI Press which uses OMP.
 Data Analysis. The data was analyzed by using a descriptive-analytic approach.
 Results and Discussions. OMP is useful not only to accommodate all roles and processes of scientific publication but also to accommodate the publisher's need for a catalog website. OMP metadata can be indexed by Google Scholar and can be a helpful tool for product distribution.
 Conclusion. OMP is suggested to become a standard in publication process.

Socialization of Lupus Disease Awareness for Housewife Group of Genting Village, Ambarawa, Central Java

Lupus or Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a life-threatening chronic autoimmune disease with symptoms similar to those of other diseases. Frequent misdiagnosis of lupus increases the mortality rate of the disease. Public understanding is still low about Lupus, characterized by a variety of misperceptions about the disease, which still occurs. In rural area, Lupus is still often regarded as a virus transmitted and is associated with weak immune activity. There are still many women who do not yet know that they are a group that is more susceptible to Lupus than men. Various errors in people's perception of Lupus need to be corrected to increase public awareness of the disease. Efforts to correct misperceptions about Lupus have been done through Science and Technology for Community (Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi bagi Masyarakat, IbM) activities in counseling form to the housewife groups in Kalipucung Hamlet, Genting Village, Jambu District, Ambarawa, Central Java. Participatory approaches and tutorials have been carried out in the IbM activities through the provision of counseling materials, as well as the delivery of questionnaires before and after counseling. The results of the questionnaire analysis indicate that the counseling program could improve awareness about Lupus disease among community in rural area.

PHILOSOPHY EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN

Fundamentals of all subjects in higher university education were being taught since early childhood. The basic concepts of biology, medicine and physics were mandatory introduced as natural sciences subjects (ilmu pengetahuan alam) in elementary school curriculum as well as social sciences (ilmu pengetahuan sosial), languages and even religion. These early introduction of subjects will make sure that every children are exposed to this particular education to enrich their knowledge and skill. However, philosophy is not formally available in national curriculum until university level. Paradoxically, one of the essence of philosophy is to ensure a human being is capable to perform critical thinking in their later life. This review aims to delineate the urgency and benefit of introducing philosophy in children in either formal or informal form of education. The early introduction of philosophy will nurture and sharpen the process of thinking in children thus will help them to become a wiser adult in the future. This concept might be a consideration of inserting philosophy as one of the subject in national curriculum.

A Social Enterprise Approach to Empowering Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia

Micro-enterprises play a critical role in the Indonesian economy, in which they supply 99.8% of the country’s employment and account for more than 95% of all enterprises in Indonesia. However, these firms experience many impediments, including a lack of capital, skills, and technology, which creates poor competitiveness. Although the Indonesian government has implemented many policies to deal with these problems, none have been adequate in improving the capacity and productivity of micro, small, and medium enterprises (SMEs). The empowerment program “Iptekda LIPI—Penerapan dan Pemanfaatan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi di Daerah Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI)—The Technology for Region Program of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences” proposed a new approach using a social enterprise to solve this issue. This paper analyses the social-enterprise approach of Iptekda LIPI which incorporates market and social welfare to determine the problems experienced by SMEs. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with the owners of SMEs in West and East Java to explore how this approach may contribute to their businesses and to analyze the challenges of the social enterprise approach in empowering SMEs.