Two new sesquiterpene lactones have been isolated from the seeds and the pericarps of Illicium anisatum. The first compound was isolated from the seeds, and its structure was established as 2α-hydroxyneoanisatin, and the structure of the second compound, which was obtained from the pericarps, was determined as 7-deoxy-7β-hydroxypseudoanisatin. These structures were elucidated by comparing the spectral data with those of previously isolated anisatin-type sesquiterpenes.