IgD Multiple Myeloma Research Articles

IgD multiple myeloma with renal involvement: Case report.

IgD multiple myeloma is a unique type of multiple myeloma which is characterized by increased serum IgD and IgD type M-component in immunoelectrophoresis. It frequently shows renal involvement but it is a rare form of myeloma. The distinctive features of IgD myeloma are the dominance in males, high frequency in younger persons, and the uncertain appearance of M-component in serum electrophoresis. We experienced 3 cases of IgD multiple myeloma with renal failure which required hemodialysis before IgD myeloma was diagnosed. It is important to consider IgD myeloma when treating the patients with renal involvement of unknown origin.

A Case of Leukemic IgD Multiple Myeloma Complicating with Abnormal Plasma Cells and M-Protein in the Pleural Fluid

A Case of Leukemic IgD Multiple Myeloma Complicating with Abnormal Plasma Cells and M-Protein in the Pleural Fluid

Primary structure of cryo Bence-Jones protein (TOG) from the urine of a patient with IgD myeloma

A cryo Bence-Jones protein Tog (cryo BJP Tog, lambda type) was purified from the urine of a patient with IgD multiple myeloma and its amino-acid sequence was determined by conventional methods. Results showed that cryo BJP Tog belongs to sub-group II of the lambda type, and has Mz (−), Kern (−) and Oz (−) as isotypic markers. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of cryo BJP Tog with those of other BJP showed that hydrophobic amino-acid residues are present near the first hypervariable region (No. 32-No. 41 from the N-terminus) of this protein. Their presence may be related to the cryo-recipitability of the protein.

IgD Multiple Myeloma

One hundred thirty-three patients had IgD myeloma. The IgD comprises 0.8% of M-components in general and 2.1% of myelomas in particular. Males predominate and 65% of the patients are younger than 60 years at the diagnosis. More than half of the patients have lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, or splenomegaly. Extraosseous spread and amyloidosis are frequent. Severe anemia and azotemia are common. Total serum protein and IgD M-component levels are usually not high. LAMBDA-type light chains are found in 90% of IgD M-components. Bence Jones proteinimia is frequent and Bence Jones proteinuria appears in almost all patients. Mean survival is 13.7 months from diagnosis. The IgD is different from IgG and IgA myeloma, indicating that the clinical picture and course of multiple cyeloma may be related to the class and type of M-component.

IgD multiple myeloma: a report of five cases.

Immunochemical analysis of sera from 180 patients with multiple myeloma disclosed five cases of IgD myeloma—an incidence of 2.8%. The IgD paraprotein concentrations in the sera were relatively low in three cases, and in two cases were 1,010 and 1,400 mg. per 100 ml., respectively. Starch-gel electrophoresis demonstrated the monoclonal protein band in the serum with the lowest concentration and exposed the other monoclonal protein bands when they had been obscured by merging with Bence Jones protein and/or normal ᵝ mobility proteins. Bence Jones proteinuria was present in all five patients, and extraosseous tumors causing cord compression were present in three. The light-chain type of the IgD paraproteins and corresponding Bence Jones proteins was A. in each of four patients and k in one. All patients were men. Their ages ranged from 41 to 84 years, with an average of 54 years, although three were under 50 and their ages averaged 44 years. Cyclophosphamide therapy rapidly reduced the high IgD serum concentrations of two patients to appreciably lower values, which have remained low—for three years in one patient. The availability of anti-IgD antiserum and an awareness of the anomalous serumprotein characteristics, the urine feature, and the often-aggressive clinical behavior should aid materially in the detection of additional cases of IgD multiple myeloma