Types Of Idioms Research Articles

An Analysis of Idioms Found in Avatar: The Way of Water Movie

This study analyzes the idiomatic expressions found in the movie “Avatar: the Way of Water,” aiming to identify the various types of idioms found and to highlight the most dominant idiomatic expressions found by the characters. The study underscores the importance of idioms in enriching dialogue with emotional depth and authenticity, thereby enhancing the overall narrative experience. The paper outlines its objectives to shed light on how these idiomatic expressions influence character development and audience engagement. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the research primarily draws on the moviescript as its data source. In total, 58 idiomatic expressions were identified. 1 simile, 17 clichés, 36 fixed statements, and 4 other languages. Among these, fixed statement found as the most dominant types, comprising 62% of the total instances observed. The findings indicate that idiomatic expressions not only enhance dialogue but also foster an emotional connection between the characters and the audience. Moreover, the study brings to light the difficulties that non-native English speakers face in understanding these expressions, emphasizing the necessity for idiomatic knowledge among language learners. Ultimately, this research enhances our understanding of idiomatic expressions in movie and highlights their crucial role in enhancing narrative and character engagement throughout the story.

THE TYPES OF IDIOM IN THE MALEFICENT THE MOVIE (2014) BY FERNANDO THEORY

This research is intend to define the types of idioms and meaning, especially idioms that found in movie with the tittle “Maleficent (2014)”. The purpose of this research are to find out the types of idioms found in the “Maleficent” the Movie (2014). The object of this research is English idiom, especially idiomatic expression in “Maleficent” the Movie (2014). The method employed in this research is descriptivequalitative method. The data consist of idiomatic expression in “Maleficent” the Movie (2014), there are 24 idioms were found by the researcher. After analyzing the data, the researcher found three types of idiom in this movie, there are pure idiom, semi idiom, and literal idiom. There are 4 idiomatic expression from 24 idiomatic expression of the data are included the pure idiom, then 13 idiomatic expression included semi idiom and the last is 7 data is literal idiom

Korean University Students’ Perceptions of English Idioms

Objectives This study investigates the psychological language distance regarding types of English idioms among Korean undergraduate students to elucidate the mechanisms of language transfer, hypothesizing that the perception of semantic similarity between Korean and English idioms leads to positive transfer. Methods A total of 82 undergraduate students in a metropolitan city participated in a questionnaire study that categorized English idioms based on semantic and formal similarity between Korean and English. The validity of findings regarding language transfer is enhanced when data on psychological perception, reflecting the process of language transfer, corroborates comprehension data, indicating the outcome of language transfer. In the questionnaire, therefore, the participants' psychological perceptions of the ease and difficulty of English idioms were measured using a Likert scale, and their comprehension of English idioms was assessed using a multiple-choice format. In addition, since idioms with prior knowledge are automatically processed and language transfer does not work, participants were asked to mark the items that they had prior knowledge of to exclude them from the data analysis. Results Korean students' perceived ease with English idioms was in the order of cognate idioms > pragmatic idioms > L2-only idioms > false friends idioms, while the accuracy rates of idiom comprehension were ranked as cognate idioms > pragmatic idioms > false friends idioms > L2-only idioms. The results showed that semantically similar idioms (i.e., cognate idioms, pragmatic idioms) were perceived as easier and had higher accuracy rates compared to dissimilar idioms (i.e., L2-only idioms, false friends idioms), supporting the Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis concerning transfer of meaning. However, psychological perception and accuracy rate data for dissimilar idioms produced conflicting results regarding psychological language distance. Nevertheless, pragmatic idioms with similar meanings but different forms between Korean and English were perceived as easier and had higher accuracy than false friends idioms with different meanings but similar forms. This suggests that the perception of cross-linguistic semantic similarity, rather than formal similarity, triggers positive transfer. Conclusions This study confirms the Psychotypology Hypothesis proposed by Kellerman (1983), which posits that perceived cross-linguistic similarity leads to language transfer, as supported by corroborative evidence from psychological perception and accuracy rate data. However, conflicting findings within dissimilar idioms suggest the need for follow-up studies employing various methods to measure psychological language distance, thereby validating the reality of language transfer more robustly.

IDIOMS IN THE SONG LYRICS OF ARIANA GRANDE’S “MY EVERYTHING” ALBUM

This research was carried out to investigate the idiom in the song lyrics of Ariana Grande’s “My Everything” album. The objectives of this research were to find out the types of idioms and to describe the meaning of idioms found in the song lyrics of Ariana Grande’s “My Everything” album. This research was designed to qualitative research. The researcher collected and classified the data in seven types of idioms suggested by O’Dell & McCarthy and after obtaining the data, the researcher analyzed the data by applying data reduction, data display, drawing conclusion and verification. The result of this research showed that there were various idioms found in the song lyrics of Ariana Grande’s “My Everything” album such as similes, binomials, proverbs, euphemisms, cliché, fixed statements and other language. Each of idioms has their own meaning and they were interpreted based on their context in using them. Idioms obviously most found in the song and it really helps people to enrich their vocabularies and expand their understanding about all expressions in English. The researcher suggested to the students to read this thesis to be able know the context of idioms and also interpret the meaning of idioms. Morever, the researcher also suggested to the other researcher to complete the further research better and provide more explanation and also they can use this research as their reference.

Deciphering Idioms: A Deep Dive into Elemental Force of Nature Movie Script

Idioms, intricate combinations of words whose meaning eludes straightforward interpretation, play an essential role in native speakers' discourse. It imbues speeches with a sense of fluency and creativity. Mastering idiomatic expressions is imperative for learners seeking linguistic authenticity and lexical proficiency. Thus, it is an urge to be mastered by the learners, especially English for Foreign Language (EFL) learners. This study aimed to explore the types of idioms in the Elemental Force of Nature Movie Script, employing O'Dell and McCarthy's framework. It utilized a qualitative study using content analysis. The researchers used documentation as the primary data collection method. as the data was taken from the Elemental: Force of Nature movie script dialogues. The findings unveil forty-one idioms in Elemental: Force of Nature movie. This research found four similes, two proverbs, four clichés, and thirty-three fixed statements. However, the most dominant type found in this movie was the fixed statement. It is expected that this research can provide additional insight into the types of idiomatic expressions. In addition, this study also provided valuable implications for the English learners, especially who study literary works.

Структурно-семантические характеристики идиом в англоязычном спортивном дискурсе (на материале спортивных репортажей по регби)

The aim of the research is to determine the structural and semantic peculiarities of idioms in modern English online sports discourse. The work is novel in that it is the first to identify the types of idioms in rugby match reports and to classify the main sematic fields they refer to. The paper considers the semantic peculiarities of idiomatic expressions and their role in the implementation of the main functions of a match report, i.e., the information function and the influencing function. The analysis allows the researcher to examine the communicative-pragmatic goals of using set expressions in sports discourse, as well as to determine the main types of idioms according to A. V. Kunin’s classification. It is revealed that the idioms types are represented by nominative and nominative-communicative. As a result, it has been found that the idioms can be grouped into the following semantic fields: “Success”, “Difficulty”, “Struggle”, “Support”. The majority of the idioms belong to the semantic fields “Advantage”, “Achievement”, “Leadership”. The research findings have shown that idioms in match reports help the authors to convey a dynamic sports event in an expressive and emotional way and to fulfill the function of influencing the reader.

Context, transparency and culture in motor resonance phenomena: Causal evidence of the motor cortex

A connection between language and movement information in metaphorical and literal expressions activates the motor system. Despite numerous studies exploring distinctions between idioms and metaphors, a notable research gap remains in the specific effect of idioms with different transparency levels concerning motor resonance. Our primary focus was analysing the functional role of the primary motor cortex (M1) in processing hand motor verbs both in literal expressions and in two idiomatic contexts, i.e., opaque and transparent idioms. Additionally, we explored a potential language and cultural effect by comparing Turkish and Spanish speakers. An overt priming task with self-paced reading was used to judge the relatedness of a primer and a target sentence. We implemented a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocol using continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) compared to sham stimulation over the M1 in both Turkish and Spanish native speakers prior to the experimental task. Our findings reveal that the performance of Turkish and Spanish participants in processing hand motor actions was facilitated after the application of cTBS over the left M1. Moreover, brain stimulation specifically facilitated the processing of only transparent—but not opaque—idioms in both Spanish and Turkish participants. Our study reports distinct motor resonance results between different types of idioms with a parallel cross-cultural effect.

The Translation Of Idioms In The Netflix Subtitle Of The Film Notting Hill

Idiom is one of the most complicated figurative languages for translators to render, since not all of them have the exact equivalent in another language. Related to the issue, the current study was conducted. It was a qualitative study. The data were taken from the transcript of the film “Notting Hill”, and its Indonesian translated subtitle by Netflix’s team. In analyzing the types of idioms and the translation strategies used in the subtitle, theories proposed by Fernando (1996) and Baker (2011) were used. From the analysis, it can be concluded that Pure Idiom was the most frequently found type of idiom in the movie with 35 idioms or 51% of the data, and Translation by Paraphrase was the most frequently used idiom translation strategy with 51 idioms or 75% of the data

Idioms in the Series of “Gossip Girl Season 4”: Semantics Study

The research focused on the idioms used in “Gossip Girl Season 4” after watching the phenomena of idiom use in this television series. This research aims to to identify the types of idioms and to explain the meaning of the idioms found in the series. This research used a qualitative descriptive method. This method is used to understand in detail the phenomenon of the research subject. The researcher seeks to reveal the underlying patterns, and meanings of the idioms within the series story through thorough analysis and interpretation. There are 47 idioms in the data, they are 18 transparent idioms, 27 semi-transparent idioms, and 2 semi-opaque idioms. The most frequent idiom in “Gossip Girls Season 4” belong to semi-transparent idiom. In order to fully comprehend the idiom, we must first understand the context: who is the speaker, what the speaker is talking about, when the speaker is speaking, and where the speaker is speaking.

Idiom-idiom Kematian pada Suku Batak Toba

This study analyzes 13 types of death idioms in the Batak Toba culture, a sub-ethnic group of the Batak people, to document and understand the uniqueness and complexity of their death customs. A qualitative literature review method was used to collect and analyze data from various relevant written sources. The results show that each death idiom reflects the conditions and social status of the deceased, ranging from the death of children to adults with great-grandchildren. The novelty of this research lies in the detailed documentation and in-depth analysis of each death idiom, providing insights into the values, philosophies, and beliefs of the Batak Toba regarding life and death. This research is significant in the context of cultural preservation and education for future generations. The researchers recommend further studies on the impact of modernization and social changes on the implementation of death customs, as well as the role of technology and media in documenting and disseminating knowledge about these traditions

Translation Accuracy of English Idiomatic Expression into Indonesian in Soul Film Subtitle by Disney+ Retail

The difficulty of translating idiomatic expressions arises when there is no direct equivalent between the source and target languages. In order to discover how translators deal with those issues, this study aims to identify types of idiomatic expressions and examine the accuracy of Soul film subtitle with the inspection of strategies used by the translator. This study used a qualitative descriptive method by applying the classification of idioms based on McCarthy and O’dell’s theory, the strategy in translating idioms by Mona Baker, and the translation accuracy level by Nababan. The data was gathered by watching the film, reading the subtitles, and noting the idiomatic expressions present in the film. This study took 14 samples to be analyzed from the 98 data found in the source text. From all data, there are 8 types of idioms which are verb + object, prepositional phrases, compound, simile/simili, binomial, whole clause/sentence, cliché/fixed statements, and euphemisms. The translator used 5 strategies in translating the idioms which are using an idiom of similar meaning and form, using an idiom of similar meaning but dissimilar form, translation by paraphrase, translation by omitting the play of the idiom, and translation by omitting the entire idiom. As for the accuracy, this study found 94 data of accurate translation, 2 translations of almost accurate, and 2 translations not accurate. However, it can be concluded that the translation has a high-level accuracy making the quality of the translated idioms in the subtitle is good, although it can be still improved. Keyword: Idiomatic expressions, translation strategy, and accuracy level

Idioms Analysis In The Coldplay Songs Entitled Hymn For The Weekend, Amazing Day, A Head Full Of Dreams, and Birds

<p>This research aims to analyze the types of idioms and the meaning of idioms in Coldplay's song, entitled <em>Hymn For The Weekend, Amazing Day, A Head Full Of Dreams, </em><em>And </em><em>Birds </em>by using F R Palmers theory of idiom types and Geoffrey Leech's theory of idiom meanings. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The data of this research are Coldplay song lyrics. Data analysis was carried out by categorizing all lyrics into types of idioms and idiom meanings. These types are analyzed to find out what meanings are in the song lyrics. Research used document analysis to obtain data. In analyzing the data, the research used New Criticism. In validating the data, the research used triangulation theory.The research found that the researchers found 176 of the four song lyrics. The data are classified into idiom meanings which consist of Conceptual Meaning (1 data), Connotative Meaning (22 data), Stylistic Meaning (24 data), Affective Meaning (84 data), Reflective Meaning (15 data), Collocative Meaning (1 data) , Thematic Meaning (28 data). Then the researchers also clarifies into idiom types which consist of phrasal verb (11 data), preposition verb (10 data), partial idiom (8 data) of the data, Affective and Phrasal verb meanings are more dominant than other types. This describes the speaker expressing more personal feelings or emotions and using verbs with adverbs.</p>

An Investigation of Thai University EFL Students’ Ability to Notice English Idiomatic Expressions

The main aims of this research were to investigate Thai EFL students’ level of ability to notice English idiomatic expressions and variations in their ability to notice the idioms in terms of idiom types, academic disciplines, and perceptions towards their idiom noticing ability. The participants were 162 English as a foreign language students (99 females, 63 males) selected through a purposive sampling method from a university in Northeastern Thailand. The data was collected through an Idiom Noticing and Identifying Test. The results revealed that the students had a low level of ability to notice English idiomatic expressions. The type of idioms the students had reported as the most noticed were transparent idioms, and the opaque idioms as the least noticed. The students were not different in their ability to notice idiomatic expressions regarding their academic disciplines, and they were not sure about the idiomaticity of the idioms they claimed to have noticed.

Artistic Aesthetics of English Idioms of Onomastic Nature

The article describes the ethnic and individual impact factors on the formation of conceptually linguistic picture of the world which works as a connecting primary phenomenon of every separate nationality, a marker of a national language, traditions, culture and literature. The subject of the research includes English idioms with an onomastic component, which ethnic identity is genetically determined by different strands: geographic and climate environment (natural landscape, pidsonnia (climate), natural disasters, flora, fauna), historical and social factors (economic activity (farming), occupation, relationship with the neighbours, social and political forms), mentally unique features of a national character. Phraseological units have become the ground for developing a phraseological picture of the world of the English ethnicity as an owner of an original outlook. The structure and semantics of these idioms comprise both the names connected with the England lands, and those that go far beyond its boundaries; it depends on the spreading area of a separate variant of the English language and its world significance. The key phraseological units of the English language contain toponyms (place names, proper names of geographical objects), anthroponyms (proper names of people). Thus, this study presents the other idiom groups as well. Toponyms of mythological, biblical and historical origin are the most spread among them. Sometimes English phraseological units comprise ethnonyms-componets to indicate the names of the nationalities, which representatives have contancted with an English cultural community one way or another. A specific typeof idioms is presented by the phraseological units of literary origin of the works of outstanding creative individuals. Shakespearisms make the largest group. Most of the studied idioms reflect ethnic and psychological peculiarities of a community, its national and cultural specififcs, demonstrate the sample of high artistic aesthetics.

The Impact of Pictorial Cues on Understanding Idioms Among Arab EFL Learners

Idioms vary extensively in their difficulty, especially for foreign language learners. English Foreign Language (EFL) learners often find transparent idioms, such as break someone’s heart, which means to make someone feel deep sadness, more straightforward. Whereas, they may find kicking the bucket ‘to die’ somehow opaque and challenging. The study investigates the extent to which Arabic speakers of English find contextual and pictorial cues embedded in social media platforms beneficial for understanding idioms and the methods they often use to comprehend idioms. Thirty female Arabic-speaking learners of English at a high school in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia participated in this study. The study used a three-version design to assess the participants’ understanding of idioms through a multiple-choice interpretation task. The participants were divided into three groups and received the same amount (n = 24) and type of idioms in three different methods: contextualization (i.e., participants were exposed to idioms in context), decontextualization (i.e., participants were exposed to idioms out of context) and the third group was exposed to pictorial-cued idioms. The findings revealed that visualisation was the most effective method for mastering idioms rather than contextualisation. On the other hand, decontextualisation was the least effective method. The study concludes with specific reference to some pedagogical implications.

Las locuciones hiperbólicas

Abstract In contrast to the case of metaphorical and metonymical idioms, there is no research specifically concerned with Spanish hyperbolic idioms. This article shows that it is possible to apply different definitions and characterizations of hyperbole to idioms that should be considered hyperbolic. The analysis is based on idiomaticity and is supported by the distinction between the literal and idiomatic meanings of these fixed expressions. In the conclusions, seven criteria are established to identify hyperbolic idioms, and the types are differentiated according to: 1) the conceptual mechanisms of metaphor and metonymy that explain their formation, 2) the form and meaning of their constituent parts, and 3) the semantic fields in which they are included. Finally, we point out the need to continue analyzing these types of idioms from both a theoretical and an applied perspective, in the latter case with a possible view to marking them as hyperbolic in dictionaries.

THE MOTIVATING FUNCTION OF MYTH: A COGNITIVE ONOMASIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

The article is devoted to the investigation of such special designation type of words and idioms: the mythological ones. This type is characterized by the choice of formative stems from such fragment of ethnic consciousness, which is unfoundedly taken on trust, that is a myth in the narrow meaning of this term; myth units not removing superstitions, popular belief, signs, etc. A myth is irrational, axiomatic, unfounded cognitive structure, which has powerful ability of transfer by next people generations, informative stability, absence of depth of sense, tendency of disappearance and production of new myths and others like that. Mythological motivation is appropriated to the signs of cultural codes of animals and plants; also, idioms and proverbs can have propositional, associative-metaphorical and value statuses. Mythological motivation nominative units can be of propositional, metaphorical, or evaluative character. Thus, proposition that lies in the basis of mythological motivated words and expressions, is non-controversial. It establishes an unverified idea. Sometimes mythological nominative units can be of metaphorical nature. It is explained by the fact that a myth accumulates figurative layers and hides behind the metaphorical designations of its eventual canvas. The essence of such mythological motivation words and phraseological units in using signs of one cultural code or concept for designating others. Mythologemes can reflect the evaluation of certain nominative units by ethnic consciousness their subdivision on useful and harmful, good-looking and ugly. Evaluation derives mostly from folk beliefs and Christian mythology. Mythological motivation nominative units make it possible to penetrate into the remote layers of folk consciousness and ascertain its reflections in the ethnic culture.

Comparative Images in Vietnamese Perception Through Idioms With Comparisons

Idioms are considered special linguistic units that represent national cultures and views (Giang, 2023). Idioms with comparisons are a type of idioms commonly used in Vietnamese communications. Comparative images of these idioms derive from their component parts implicitly containing typical cultural characteristics and unique perception of Vietnamese people. This paper is concerned with comparative images in Vietnamese perception through idioms with comparisons from a cultural perspective. A hand search of Vietnamese idiom dictionaries helped to establish a corpus of 731 idioms with comparisons, from which comparative image groups were identified. It was found that comparative images of Vietnamese idioms with comparisons come from humans, animals, objects and materials, natural phenomena, food, and plants. The diversity of comparative images of idioms with comparisons is a mirror that reflects not only the geographical and natural characteristics of Vietnam but also Vietnamese people’s rich material and spiritual lives.

Names Components as Part of Idioms and Proverbs: Language and Culture Peculiarities

The relevance of the research is determined by the comprehensive analysis of idioms and paroemias function-ing in modern Russian language formulating the national character. The aim of the research is to identify the charac-teristic features typical for idioms and paroemias containing names component. The research methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach and includes general scientific and special methods. The group of general scientific methods includes analysis and synthesis, as well as generalization to systematize theoretical and practical material. The special methods group includes the modeling method to identify specific linguistic and cultural properties of idi-oms and paroemias typical for Russian culture; the method of component analysis to provide semantic features anal-ysis and to give lexical and semantic variants of words with several meanings; a definitional method to obtain lexico-graphic information dealing with the meaning of the language unit. Russian idioms and paroemias with Names com-ponents reflect the specific features of the national Russian character and make it possible to determine the key properties of the Russian mentality. The research deals with the analyses idioms and paroemias with the Names component having been divided into the following group types: mythonyms, chrononyms, hagionyms, literary onyms, historical onyms, anthroponyms. According to the author, all types of idioms and paroemias with the Name compo-nent function in modern Russian and are markers of culturally significant information reflecting the specifics of Rus-sian culture. All in all, the authors rank anthroponyms as the most productive Name components types, while chrono-nyms are not a productive phenomenon.

EXPLORING THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE OF CONVENTIONALISED SIMILES IN ENGLISH LEXICOLOGY AND PHRASEOLOGY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Idioms are a colourful and fascinating aspect of English which are commonly used in all types of language, formal and informal, spoken and written. Despite the emerging theoretical accounts of idioms up to now, little attention has been paid to teaching and learning idiomatic expressions in English as a Foreign Language, English for Specific Purposes or English for Academic Purposes classroom. Developing idiomatic competence among English language learners in Slovakia remains a formidable challenge. Second-year undergraduates of the study programmes ‘Teacher Training of English Language and Literature’ (single major study) and ‘Teacher Training of English Language and Literature (double major study) need to master different types of idioms within one-term course in ‘English Lexicology and Phraseology’. Their language skills will increase rapidly if they can understand and use them confidently and correctly. The communication role of idiomatic comparisons is often neglected, as well. The aim of the paper is to find out their level of knowledge of standard idiomatic comparisons at the beginning and the end of the course. The paper intends to reveal how students of different nationalities – Slovak, Hungarian, Russian and Ukrainian – are able to explain the meaning of similes used in example sentences in English or their mother tongue. Altogether 51 students are tested twice via tests focused on similes, and their results are compared via a statistical t-Test. The results from the initial test show that their knowledge of idiomatic comparisons was not very wide. However, the results from the final test prove that they were motivated to learn idioms, and thus they extended their knowledge of idiomatic comparisons significantly. In addition, the paper suggests some implications for teaching and learning similes and phraseological units in general.