Ideological Way Research Articles

THE TRANSHUMANISM – PARADIGM OF SECULARIZATION AN ORTHODOX PERSPECTIVE

The phenomenology of secularization is in a continuous change, generated by the alterability of all main aspects of life: the socio-political, cultural, and human psychophysiological environment, all these being affected by the technology and lifestyle specific to the 21st century. In the field of modern technology, the scientific discoveries and the fast technological progress have led most notably to an „inhuman technicalization of life”, with a strong echo in the spiritual plan of human existence. The acceleration of these changes in the last decades, have clothed the process of secularization in a new, modern garment, semantically altering the term „progress”, in an ideological way. Sciences, culture, health, medicine, life, man, and even his nature, are targeted by a radical change, through technology, with the declared purpose of an eternal state of well-being, of infinitely improved capbilitiess of the human intellect and physique

Linguocultural and conceptual features in poetic works

Relevance. The relevance of the work is conditioned upon the need to study conceptual systems in national literatures from the standpoint of different approaches. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to explore and analyze modern literature, particularly Kazakh poetry, through linguistic and cultural lenses, aiming to elucidate the conceptual core and periphery of national identity while considering global influences and the integration of international concepts into the Kazakh poetic tradition. Methodology. The methodology of the article involves a comprehensive exploration of linguistic, cultural, and conceptual analysis methods applied to the study of Kazakh poetry, emphasizing the interplay between linguistic expression and cultural context, with a focus on identifying and interpreting key thematic and symbolic elements within the poetry of Zhyrau and other Kazakh poets, ultimately aiming to advance understanding of national identity and literary traditions. Results. In the article, the problems of analysing literary texts on the example of the poetry of Zhyrau and the creativity of Kazakh poets are thoroughly and voluminously comprehended, the conceptual systems of these authors with the key (basic) dominants of the steppe, Homeland, native land, home, childhood memories, natural philosophical sketches (description of the beauty of nature, the change of seasons) are represented. Conclusions. The materials used in the work may in the future become useful for continuing the in-depth study of the conceptual foundations of modern Kazakh poetry, analysing the reintegration of Eurasian concepts into a stable national system, tracking changes, opportunities for reinterpretation, developing the poetic arsenal in a semantic-linguistic and ideological way, understanding linguocultural, psycholinguistic, communicative, conceptual processes in the interdisciplinary study of Kazakh literary tradition.

Schoolteachers in Out-of-School Hours Education: Blurring Professional Ideology in Recent Times

Teachers’ professional ideology and their involvement in out-of-school hours (OoSH) practices have been questioned in recent times. This study explores how schoolteachers understand their professional ideology in relation to their OoSH practices and how they explain their participation in private tutoring in addition to formal schooling. This study deploys a qualitative approach using in-depth semi-structured interviews with nine secondary school teachers in Bangladesh. The thematic analysis highlights a substantial gap between Bangladeshi school teachers’ professional ideologies and their involvement in private tutoring. The findings from the study reveal that the respondents perceive their dual roles as schoolteachers and tutors as controversial and detrimental to discharging their professional duties in an ideological way. They recurrently struggle to justify the dual roles that contribute to the dilemma of professional ideologies. As such, private tutoring does not just create a problem in classroom teaching but affects professional ideology and commitment to teaching principles. The study recommends policymakers and professionals look into these issues to gain a deeper insight into the existing private tutoring literature concerning teachers’ professional ideologies.

EMI, EAP, and pedagogy: An autoethnographic account of a case study at a university in Japan

ABSTRACT Kanazawa University, a national university in Japan, offers an English for Academic Purposes (EAP) program to its first-year students as a required subject of general education. It is an English-medium instruction (EMI) program with an English-only policy. In this article, I utilize autoethnography as a method to examine this EMI EAP program based on my experiences as a teacher while contextualizing my personal accounts in the extant studies of EAP, EMI, and English language teaching. The article reveals that West-centric coloniality and the native-speakerist myth are operating behind the program as the guiding language ideologies in ways to curtail non-native English-speaking teachers’ and students’ multilingual capacity. The article ends by suggesting potential changes the program may be able to incorporate to decolonize its current problematic pedagogical practices and to transform the program into a space where equitable linguistic sensibility is pursued and nurtured.

Formation and evolution of the agricultural commune “From darkness to light” in Ananiev district (1924–1926)

The content of the article addresses the history of the appearance and evolution of the agricultural commune “From darkness to light” from Lipetskoe village, Ananiev district. In the first part of the article is reflected the activity of the “Rai” monastery, which served as the foundation for the formation of the labor collective. The second part of the study mirrors the way the new agricultural entity is organized. The chronological limits are set between 1924 (the establishment of the agricultural commune) and 1926 – a year that started with the first inspection inside the village. Analyzed in general terms, the agricultural commune “From darkness to light” was itself a utopian experiment promoted by the Soviet authorities on the left bank of the Dniester River in order to restore on new economic, political, social and ideological ways the rural community of the AMSSR.

Representation of Power Struggle between Supreme Court and Government on Panama Leaks Case in the Headline Discourse of Pakistani English Newspapers

Investigation of the phenomenon of power struggle between state institutions has been a searing debate among the linguists of the world in recent decades. On the issue of Panama leaks scandal, power struggle between Supreme Court and the then government started, which resulted in disqualification of the Prime Minister and the entire issue was represented Pakistani print media.  Panama case verdict was announced on 28th July 2017 but the nexus between judiciary, establishment and media has been exposed recently. To investigate the phenomenon, 44 headlines from two widely distributed English newspapers, The Nation and, Express Tribune (May 2017-July 2017) were selected randomly. Fairclough’s (1989) three-dimensional modal of Critical Discourse Analysis was used to analyze the data. Findings of the study indicate the representation of issue as a power struggle between the dominant institutional powers using certain linguistic choices, like, metaphors, metonymic expressions, modality, passivization and nominalization in an ideological way.

Psychological experiments on student self-government: The early impact of Wilhelm Mann's work in Chile and the German Empire.

One of the most important successes in the history of psychology in Chile was the foundation in 1908 of the first experimental psychology laboratory in Santiago by the German psychologist Wilhelm Mann (1974-1943). Four years later, Mann give a shift to his classical experimental psychology research to intervene in the discussions about German School Reform (1900-1920). Mann used Chile as a "testing ground" for explore the viability of student self-government published in three papers. The method used to verify the early impact of Mann's papers was the quantitative analysis of citations with Publish or Perish software using a Google Books database and Scripta Paedagogica. The reception of Mann's texts was analyzed using the context of citation and the functions and use of those citations. The three unknow Mann's papers about Student Self-Government published in 1913 and his citations. The results shows that Mann's critics and recommendations published in one of his papers was the fourth more citated in a database of 16 foundational German works of to self-student government. Finally, this Mann's article was cited and used in an ideological way to argue in favor of reactionary and conservative opinions of school democratization in German Empire teacher circles. Mann's diagnosis and critical suggestions was recognized by prominent German philosophers and pedagogues. Precisely Mann criticized the Student Republics as the only way to stimulate the student self-government for their artificial character and especially for the loss of students' psychological individuality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Corporate Social Responsibility: A Legislative Gateway

India a country of as much diversity as is a hotspot for numerous contradictions. On the one hand, after much hardship, the country has emerged as one of the surging economies and a very important player in the new global order. In contrast, on the other hand, it is still combating issues related to impoverishment, starvation, and rights of undernourished children, societal welfare, and the like. The Indian economy sometimes rides a wave of boon and sometimes that of bane, which is because of an uneven, unseemly distribution of wealth throughout, which only increases social unrest; this uneven development and growth spread across the nation has targeted companies and corporate organizations for their contributions to the society. The scrutiny has only been increasing with the rising awareness of the gaps between the haves and the have-nots, which has further led to an outpouring in society’s expectations from the corporate giants. To this, the government has responded proactively, taking most of the corporate houses in its stride to provide for the society without commercial success and hence developing the nation getting in the way. The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), a practice where companies realize profits and fulfill philanthropic, societal expectations, has taken ground since times immemorial only to become mandatory later. In the background of such a premise, CSR has time and again presented itself as a wonderful opportunity, the need of every hour and also as a serious challenge to be overcome, with its implications on almost every sector. Ever since it became a legal mandate in the year 2014, India has been a thriving “hotbed for innovative CSR scenarios,” in the words of D S Rawa, Former Secretary-General of ASSOCHAM. This paper seeks to trace the advent and growth of Corporate Social Responsibility in India through the eyes of the law, having undergone multiple legislative changes ever since the inception of the Companies Act, 2013. The paper also analyses the legislative amendments that are already afoot and awaiting enforcement. The researcher has tried to suggest the best possible ideological way forward in light of these multifarious changes, illuminating CSR’s import and primacy as a practice in the wake of the same.

Missionary Cosmopolitanism in Nineteenth-Century British Literature

Missionary Cosmopolitanism in Nineteenth-Century British Literature

Construal of Political Identity in News Headlines: An Inquiry into Memogate Scandal

This paper explores the linguistic construal of political identity in Memogate Scandal in Pakistan with a focus on its discursive construction in a way that portrays the main stakeholders: Government, Opposition and the former Pakistani Ambassador to the US. The linguistic choices which are significant to key aspects of identity discourses within a coherent framework reflect the underlying ideology of the journalists. Therefore, deconstructing texts to identify agents helps the analysts to uncover implicit interpretations and biases that media discourses exhibit. The paper draws on two analytical frameworks of discourse analysis i.e., transitivity analysis and kinds of entities (Martin and Rose, 2003). The reason for working with two frameworks is that the former helps in finding entities deployed in different roles on the cline of dynamism (Hasan, 1985) and the latter is done through participant representation at the level of nominal group, classified in three categories - concrete, abstract and metaphoric. The analysis has shown noticeable linguistic resources which help writers to refer to entities in an ideological way; for example, in the government category, the Pakistan leader has been referred as Zardari - a politician vs. the President and Presidency, and the ambassador has been shown likewise. In contrast, entities from the opposition have been deployed in individual capacities like Nawaz, Imran etc.

A Review of Critical Disaster Studies

A Review of <i>Critical Disaster Studies</i>

Retail Practitioners’ Views vs. Ideal Theoretical Positions Concerning Ethical Business Practices with Garment Suppliers

The paper analyzes managers’ stance toward the ethical responsibility of those who work for multinational garment retailers. Most are charged with the social compliance policies affecting relationships with subcontractors. This study is based on interviews conducted with major European and American retailers. Our research question is: what is the normative stance of our respondents? We find that they reject the ideological way in which the normative debate on sweatshops has been conducted by business ethicists during the last decades. These executives’ implicit conception and scope of their moral responsibility is much more in line with Iris Young’s (2006) conception of ‘political responsibility’. This managerial ethical position has not been adequately captured by earlier writings on this topic. In general, the managerial ethical framing of issues like child labor, minimally decent labor conditions, a living wage, etc. is at odds with how these issues are usually treated in the philosophical debates around sweatshops. Examining both visions allows us to better grasp the pragmatic normative stance of business practitioners as well as the dynamics of social compliance policies. In the conclusion, we draw both management lessons and research implications for more ethical interactions with suppliers.

WHEN RELIGIOUS INDIFFERENCE BUILDS IDENTITY

Starting from the writings of Félicité de la Mennais, the article aims to analyze religious indifference as an important coordinate of the current identity profile. Finding its roots in the skepticism of humanistic thinking and in the interpretive approaches that try to elaborate rational explanations, religious indifference is, in the end, the consequence of a life choice. It can manifest itself in radical forms and in this sense, we have identified fundamentalist indifference as an expression of an intellectual manifestation that is imposed on society in an ideological way based on an artificial dichotomy between sacred and profane. All this offers a new, objectifying paradigm within which the definition of homo religious is built. Thus, religious difference accumulates a series of behaviors that subscribe to the centrality of personal experience.

한재와 기우제 관련 연관색인어로 보는 고려~조선초기 사상사적 변화

The purpose of this study is to examine the historical and ideological trends and context from the Goryeo Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty through the change of index words related to a ritual for rain(Giwooje). Therefore, this study aims to examine the use of DB in historical and ideological research and the possibility of new research. The change from the Goryeo Dynasty to the Joseon Dynasty can be regarded as a change from Buddhism to Neo-Confucianism in a historical and ideological way, and from the pluralistic ideological landscape to the unity-oriented ideological landscape, going beyond a simple dynasty change. The related index term is an index word that is expressed together in the search results when the entire historical records are searched with the index word. In general, the index terms related to a ritual for rain are composed of words derived from not only a combination of three letters：‘Gi (praying, 祈)’, ‘Do(wishing, 禱)’, and ‘Woo (ritual for rain, 雩)’, but also a combination with other letters. Each of these three letters represents an act related to faith and the form of performing a ritual for rain. In the Goryeo Dynasty, ‘Gi’ and ‘Do’ tended to be expressed together with related index words about folk beliefs or Buddhism. From the Goryeo Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty, ‘Gi ’ and ‘Do’ tended to be used much more often than ‘Woo’. However, ‘Woo’ is strongly connected with Confucianism. In China, ‘Woo’ was used in commination with Confucian political philosophy since shamanism was accepted by the state, and a similar case was found in the Goryeo Dynasty. However, in Goryeo, folk beliefs, or Buddhist rituals for rain were held together with Woosa (雩祀). Although ‘Woo’ has a strong connection with Confucian political philosophy, it can be a result of reflecting the pluralistic ideological landscape of the Goryeo Dynasty. Nonthenless, ‘Woo’ was found to be increasingly distanced from folk beliefs and Buddhism after the founding of the Joseon Dynasty. This suggests that it is related to a phenomenon where Neo-Confucianism was gradually deepening and accordingly ideologies other than Neo-Confucianism were excluded from national rituals.

Female embodiment and patriarchal bargains: a context-specific perspective on female politicians in Pakistan

The significance of the human body and the embodiment of gender identity is an important discussion that requires more attention within gender and organisation studies literatures. In this paper, we draw on high-profile interviews with female parliamentarians in Pakistan to examine how embodiment affects women in power. Our data suggests that embodiment affects social exchanges that involve power and that the physical performances of socially constructed gendered behaviours affect performances as political leaders. Women leaders use different bargains to access and exercise power while also fitting into a socially acceptable version of a woman. We expand the notion of patriarchal bargains and demonstrate that women negotiate for power with patriarchy in physical, discursive and ideological ways.

The Multidimensional Religious Ideology scale

The Multidimensional Religious Ideology (MRI) scale is a new 43-item measure that quantifies conservative versus liberal aspects of religious ideology. The MRI focuses on recurring features of ideology rooted in innate moral instincts while capturing salient differences in the ideological profiles of distinct groups and individuals. The MRI highlights how religious ideology differs from political ideology while maintaining a robust grounding in the social psychology of ideology generally. Featuring three major dimensions (religious beliefs, religious practices, and religious morality) and eight subdimensions, the MRI is sensitive enough to generate novel insights into religious ideology across demographic groups and individual differences. The MRI is also summative, yielding a single quantitative measurement of left–right religious ideology with good scale and test–retest reliability. Analysis of 839 respondents across two studies confirmed the widespread assumption that religious ideology is a parallel construct to political ideology, emerging from similar foundations but following a distinct set of rules. The MRI shows the importance of conceptualizing ideology in ways that access the full spectrum of real-world ideological convictions—an important reminder, given the salience of religious factors for influencing ideology generally.

Liquid power: reading the infinity pool as a global semioscape

The analytic focus of this article is the highly fashionable ‘infinity pool’, treated here as a visual-material realization of the cultural politics of super-elite mobility. The article is organized around a three-step analytic structure. First, I demonstrate how the infinity pool is mediatized as a status marker, and thus circulated and normalized. Second, I pinpoint the semiotic and ideological ways the infinity pool emerges as a mediated practice. Third, I examines how the infinity pool is also remediated on Instagram and thereby broadcast anew. Throughout, I evidence my analysis with visual texts drawn from a range of commercial, situated and digital media sources. My primary objective is to show how the infinity pool, as a mediatized, mediated and remediated practice, feeds the global semioscape, that more informal, often banal plane of cultural circulation where images, ideas and aesthetic ideals seed themselves all over the place. In this way, and however frivolous or innocuous infinity pools may seem, they also spread a particularly privileged way of looking at, and being in, the world.

The visual and rhetorical styles of Atomwaffen Division and their implications

ABSTRACT Atomwaffen Division (AWD) was an American neo-nazi extremist organization active between 2015 and 2020. Even after its disbanding, AWD’s influence can be felt in the symbols and media produced by other organizations in the white power space. This paper contributes to the ongoing study of violent extremism and media by categorizing, defining, and analysing AWD’s official video releases and visual/audio style. First, we explore the history and significance of AWD’s video media output, noting how AWD took advantage of existing internet aesthetics to connect their messaging to its target audience. Then, we analyse AWD’s official video releases, showing how they express white power ideology in ways which have continued to be influential after the group’s dissolution, along with ongoing implications.

Evolving Rasūlid Narratives of Opposition to Sultan al-Manṣūr Nūr al-Dīn ʿUmar (d. 647/1250) in Yemen

Abstract The Rasūlid chronicles of the reign of al-Manṣūr Nūr al-Dīn ʿUmar b. ʿAlī b. Rasūl depict its first ruler as steadily consolidating the political foundation of the sultanate. Most of these reports clearly portray the dominance of the sultan in Yemen during this period. But a few reveal the limitations of his power in a more complex political landscape, such as an aborted military campaign against a local tribe, an insurrection by a Zaydi sharīf, and the sultan’s assassination by his own military. These specific narratives of opposition to the sultan, however, progressively change over the course of their production from the late 13th century until the first half of the 15th century, as the strength of the sultanate initially peaks and then slowly declines. As a result, the ambiguity of al-Manṣūr ʿUmar’s authority in these narratives is largely reduced, and the historical memory of the sovereignty of the emergent Rasūlid sultanate solidifies in increasingly ideological ways.

Онтологические аспекты власти в западноевропейском дискурсе

The article explores the ontological foundations of power in Western European philosophical discourse. The author analyzed essential characteristics of power within classical and non-classical paradigms, thus revealing the relationship of its ontological principles with social practice in different historical periods. According to the classical rationalistic world view, power was endowed with metaphysical properties, which provided it with transcendental status and ethical characteristics. Power correlated with such concepts as "good", "hierarchy", "responsibility", "order", "law", "justice", etc. This discourse presented the government as a category of ontological order, sacrament to the Absolute, and contributed to the development of its institutional forms and management strategies based on control, subordination, and coercion. The non-classical paradigm put forward the idea of power as a manifestation of the irrationality of the human psyche. Criticism of logo-centrism made voluntaristic philosophers present power as a category of anthropological discourse. Its basic properties were defined through such concepts as "universality", "irrationality", "subjectivity", "totality", "ubiquity", etc. Power was deprived of its transcendental status and ethical character, which traditionally provided it with legitimacy in society. However, it acquired the properties of universality and immanence of human nature in the unconscious structures of human psyche. In social practice, the transformation of the principles of power led to the development of ideological discourses and new ways of exercising power