other step in the protracted postwar process of reinstating moral education as an integral part of the curriculum. Under the American Occupation, moral education (shushin) was stricken from the curriculum. It was particularly through this course that the militarists promulgated racial supremacy, emperor worship, and expansion of the Japanese Empire. Substituted for this course by the Occupation authorities was the practice to infuse into every course experiences which may be expected to result in the pupils developing on his own responsibility standards of behavior which are socially acceptable.' With the alarming postwar increase in juvenile delinquency, the anti-government university student movements, and the leftist ideological persuasion of the Japan Teachers' Union, the Government initiated a study to consider the need for a reintroduction of moral education as a separate course. As a result, the first major stride was taken in 1958 when the Ministry of Education included in their optional Revised Course of Study for Compulsory Education (nine years) one hour a week of moral education.