Reconstruction Of Identity Research Articles

Sephardi, Jewish, Argentine: Community and National Identity, 1880–1960 by Adriana M. Brodsky (review)

Reviewed by: Sephardi, Jewish, Argentine: Community and National Identity, 1880–1960 by Adriana M. Brodsky Susana Brauner Adriana M. Brodsky. Sephardi, Jewish, Argentine: Community and National Identity, 1880–1960. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2016. 256 pp. doi:10.1017/S0364009418000685 Brodsky's work is a significant contribution to the study of the Sephardim in Argentina that calls rooted hypotheses in the current literature into question and incorporates new lines of research on the subject. The book examines processes of identity formation and modes of integration experienced by Sephardim throughout Argentina and studies the roles played by both men and women in negotiating what it meant to be Sephardi, Jewish, and Argentine in this period. Thus, Brodsky distinguishes her work from previous scholarship in that she does not restrict her study to the experience of the Sephardim in Buenos Aires, nor does she confine her investigation to the role fulfilled by men, making visible the role of women and the inland provinces in the construction and reconstruction of community identities. It is a text rich in conceptual, thematic, and interpretative suggestions. On the one hand, this book could be considered part of the lines of research that have begun to deconstruct some of the myths that prevail in the study of Jews in Argentina (including Raanan Rein's Argentine Jews or Jewish Argentines? Essays on Ethnicity, Identity, and Diaspora [Brill, 2010]). It could also be counted among more recent works that have afforded greater academic visibility [End Page 473] to contemporary Sephardic identities in the Americas (such as Margalit Bejarano and Edna Aizenberg's edited volume Contemporary Sephardic Identity in the Americas: An Interdisciplinary Approach [Syracuse University Press, 2012]). The book is thematically organized and well documented. Its solidly argued common thread points out that Sephardic identities and their boundaries "were built not out of some essence but as a result of conflict, consultation, and agreements over specific issues" (21). In other words, Brodsky emphasizes that far from remaining crystallized, Sephardic and Argentine identities and community boundaries were built and rebuilt in varying contexts and in the course of generational change. Especially interesting is the analysis of the processes of conformation of different community entities in Buenos Aires and the provinces, bringing to light the extent of the Sephardic presence nationwide. Brodsky notes both the longstanding and the new ties established by the Sephardim of different origins in Buenos Aires and the provinces with the Ashkenazim, other sectors of Argentine society, the lands of their ancestors, and Palestine. In this regard, she remarks that the Sephardim imagined themselves as part of a diasporic community and that the "diasporic boundaries helped these Jews see themselves as Argentines" (89). Nevertheless, beyond highlighting the elasticity of community boundaries, Brodsky does not overlook the regionalisms present in the Sephardic subgroups and their failed attempts to form single entities that would represent them in different environments, be they religious or cultural, or at international events. With respect to Sephardic Zionism, this work represents an enriching and highly original contribution, particularly considering that Sephardic Zionism or the role played by the Sephardim in Zionism has been mostly ignored and minimized, and has just begun to be studied more recently. (See, for example, my article, "Los judíos sirios en Buenos Aires: Frente al sionismo y el Estado de Israel," Judaica latinoamericana [2005].) What is more, Brodsky remarks that Zionism gave the Sephardim a space in which to create a new identity and legitimize the establishment of their own organizations, emphasizing their identity as Sephardim among an Ashkenazic majority while developing a strong identity as Zionist Argentines. Therefore, "they integrated themselves into the transnational Zionist structure, adding another layer to their clearly Jewish and Sephardi identities" (132). As mentioned above, Brodsky highlights the role of Sephardic women, another theme seldom discussed in the current literature. She examines women's social, philanthropic, and Zionist activities as well as their role in the private sphere through the transmission of ethnic culinary traditions, and their absence in later generations. She mentions that while men were at the head of community institutions, women were at the forefront, articulating precisely what it meant to be Jewish Sephardi and/or Argentine. The diasporic focus...

Social movement of women with HIV/AIDS: an experience between posithive citizen from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Faced with the historical role of organized civil society in the social responses to AIDS and the global health governance, this paper analyzes the biography of women living with HIV/AIDS, members of the National Movement of Posithive Citizens (MNCP), a national network of HIV-positive women. We used a qualitative approach with observations about the actions of the MNCP in Rio de Janeiro and individual interviews with eight members of the MNCP about their motivations and experiences in the movement. Most of the respondents were older than 50 years and had been diagnosed in the 1990s. Their biographies have been marked by social and gender inequalities. Their entry into the MNCP resulted from the need for HIV post-diagnosis support and in health servicesill-equipped to receive them. The movement contributed to the reconstruction of social identity, access to information on care and social support. According to the findings, the actions of the movement do not prioritize the feminist movement's agenda and coping with AIDS-related stigma and HIV vulnerability. Faced with the current global and national context of increased biomedical interventions in AIDS policies and declining resources for the social movement, the study fosters reflections on the challenges of organized civil society in local social responses to the AIDS epidemic.

Two Korean Primary School English Teachers’ Identity Reconstruction in a TESOL Program

Two Korean Primary School English Teachers’ Identity Reconstruction in a TESOL Program

Part-time graduate students’ learning experience and (re)construction of career identity

직업을 갖고 대학원에 진학하는 대학원생의 숫자가 갈수록 늘어나고 있다. 재직 대학원생은 대학원이라는 새로운 교육환경에서 학업과 직업을 병행하면서, 자아와 주변 상황에 대한 끊임없는 상호작용과 성찰을 통한 인식전환의 과정을 겪는다. 이 연구는 대학원에 진학한 초기경력 대학원생의 학습과정에서 직업정체성을 (재)형성하는 과정에 초점을 두고, 직업관과 학습관에 관한인식 변화과정과 이들이 처한 맥락적 상황이 변화과정에 어떻게 상호작용하는지 고찰하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위하여 5년 이하의 경력을 가지고 최소 3학기이상 수료한 대학원생을 대상으로 심층 인터뷰를 진행하였고, 다음과 같은 연구결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 대학원 학습과정은 재직 대학원생의 직업과 학습에 대한 관점 변화, 즉 준거 틀의 새로운 형성, 재구조화를 이끌었다. 학습과정은 타인의 관점이 아닌 자신만의 준거 틀을 만들고 본인이 추구하는 가치관과 신념에 맞는 관점을 형성하는 과정이었다. 둘째, 재직 대학원생의 학습과정에서 오는 정서적, 환경적 요인은 서로 복합적으로 얽혀 연결되어 있었으며 독립적이 아닌 맥락 간의 상호작용을 통해 직업정체성 (재)형성에 영향을 주었다. 셋째, 재직 대학원생의 대학원에서의 학습과정은 직업정체성을 (재)형성하는 과정을 통해 자신을 ‘무지한 직업인’에서 ‘겸손한 학습자’로 인식하게 되었고 ‘끊임없이 배움이 필요한 겸손한 직업인으로’ 직업정체성을 (재)형성하였다.The increase in the number of part-time graduate students has led graduate schools to become important institutes for career development in Korea. Part-time graduate students not only achieve academic knowledge and skills but also develop their career identity. The study explored how part-time graduate students transform their perspectives of learning, work, and their selves during their graduate school years. Thirteen part-time students, who completed at least three semesters in graduate school while working in careers of less than 5 years, participated in in-depth interviews. The following are the results of the study. First, the process of persisting with graduate school learning led to changes in perspectives on their work and learning of people who are early in their careers, that is, the new formation and restructuring of their frames of reference. Second, emotional, and environmental factors in the learning process of people early in their careers were intricately connected, which influenced the reconstruction of the occupational identity through their interaction. Third, participation in learning was the process of reconstructing their occupational identity. The study participants changed their identity from the career ignorant to the humble learner through learning, and reconstructed their occupational identity into the humble career man in need of endless learning through the integration.

Identidad, alteridad y el Día de los Muertos en el Altiplano aymara de Puno, Perú

<p>El propósito del presente artículo es discutir, a partir de una investigación etnográfica, el papel del Día de los Muertos en el altiplano aymara peruano, conectándolo con la identidad vivida por los y las actrices sociales involucrados. La investigación etnográfica tuvo lugar en la comunidad de San Miguel de Alpaccollo (en ese entonces, 2013 y 2014. parcialidad), en el distrito de Ilave, provincia de El Collao, departamento de Puno. En el curso del texto se mostrarán de forma detallada los tres años en que se “tiene” una machaqa alma (“alma nueva”), duración que corresponde al luto para una familia. Finalmente, se discutirá el papel de las y los niños como símbolos de los antepasados y su vinculación con la reconstrucción periódica de la identidad colectiva comunitaria. </p>

Theory-assisted determination of nano-rippling and impurities in atomic resolution images of angle-mismatched bilayer graphene

Ripples and impurity atoms are universally present in 2D materials, limiting carrier mobility, creating pseudo–magnetic fields, or affecting the electronic and magnetic properties. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) generally provides picometer-level precision in the determination of the location of atoms or atomic ‘columns’ in the in-image plane (xy plane). However, precise atomic positions in the z-direction as well as the presence of certain impurities are difficult to detect. Furthermore, images containing moiré patterns such as those in angle-mismatched bilayer graphene compound the problem by limiting the determination of atomic positions in the xy plane. Here, we introduce a reconstructive approach for the analysis of STEM images of twisted bilayers that combines the accessible xy coordinates of atomic positions in a STEM image with density-functional-theory calculations. The approach allows us to determine all three coordinates of all atomic positions in the bilayer and establishes the presence and identity of impurities. The deduced strain-induced rippling in a twisted bilayer graphene sample is consistent with the continuum model of elasticity. We also find that the moiré pattern induces undulations in the z direction that are approximately an order of magnitude smaller than the strain-induced rippling. A single substitutional impurity, identified as nitrogen, is detected. The present reconstructive approach can, therefore, distinguish between moiré and strain-induced effects and allows for the full reconstruction of 3D positions and atomic identities.

Les éléments de témoignage et d’identité dans les récits d’auteurs vietnamiens

Abstract The purpose of this study is to re-examine the stories of francophone Vietnamese authors in an interdisciplinary perspective. It will be a question of putting them back in their writing conditions to release their social and historical functions as well as their role in the reconstruction of the personal identity. Thus, this study will focus on two main dimensions of the narratives: on the one hand, as narrative discourse, the stories of these authors participate in the testimonial writing, in which the subject appears as a witness, an observer of his life and society, and on the other hand, this testimonial writing inevitably implies a way of designating and reassessing existence, so it is a process of re-configuring individual identity in the narrative.

FA04.03: MIE VERSUS RAMIE: PROMISING RESULTS OF A SINGLE-CENTER AND SINGLE-SURGEON ANALYSIS

Abstract Background Robot assisted surgery for esophageal cancer is rapidly increasing, especially high-volume centers with access to a robot. The fully robotic minimally invasive esophagectomy using 4 robotic arms in the abdomen and thorax (RAMIE4) is performed as standard procedure in our department. In this analysis we compare the results of our first 50 RAMIE4 procedures with our last 50 fully minimally-invasive esophagectomies (MIE), which was our standard prior the robotic era. Methods Between April 2016 and March 2018, the data from 100 consecutive patients with esophageal carcinoma undergoing modified Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy, performed by the same surgeon using the identical intrathoracic anastomotic reconstruction technique (circular stapler). 50 patients were treated with MIE and the other 50 with RAMIE4. Demographic data, extracted lymph nodes and R-status were compared. Complications occurred were compered according to the Dindo-Clavien classification. Results Demographic data did not show significant differences between the groups. The overall 30- and 90- mortality rates were 1% (1/100) and 3% (3/100) respectively (P = 0.305 and P = 0.499 respectively). In the RAMIE group the median lymph node harvest was significantly higher (27 vs. 23; P = 0.045), the median hospital stay was less in the RAMIE group, however not significantly (11.5d vs 13d; P = 0.112), the median ICU stay was significantly lower in the RAMIE group compared to MIE (1d vs 2.5d; P = 0.002). The complications according to the Dindo-Calvien classification were not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.091). Conclusion In this study we were able to demonstrate the superiority of robotic assisted lymph node dissection for esophageal cancer surgery in a highly comparable setting. In addition the perioperative parameters, especially ICU stay seem to be in favor of RAMIE. The future potential of standardized RAMIE and RAMIE4 seems to be high. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

The Trial of Neville Heath, the Popular Press, and the Construction of the Memory of the Second World War in Britain, 1945–1946

Abstract This article uses the press coverage of the sensational 1946 trial of Neville Heath for murder as a case-study for exploring how the memory of the Second World War in Britain was constructed in the immediate post-war period. Historians of Europe have described how painful narratives of occupation and defeat were suppressed, and more positive memories of timeless national values highlighted, in order to aid the reconstruction of national identity and gender relations. Although Britain had not experienced such upheaval, the nation did face troubling questions about the consequences of the war for criminality and violence. The popular press, however, discussed such issues in ways which did not call into question the central narratives of the ‘people’s war’. The trial of Heath highlights how questions concerning violence in Britain could be resolved: whereas post-war violent crime was understood in terms of short-term social dislocation rather than the psychological impact of the war, Heath’s sadistic violence was discussed using language which made it readily comparable to the German and Japanese war crimes being featured at the same time. As such, Heath was understandable as an individual, pathologised ‘type’ rather than as a symbol of the post-war British veteran.

Confessing Love to the Nation: Audrey Yu Jia Hui’s Works and Identity Reconstruction

This article addressed identity reconstruction through an analysis of two of the most prominent fictional works by one of the Chinese Indonesian young writers, Audrey Yu Jia Hui. In encompassing the idea of identity rewriting, I addressed Hui’s second and third novels respectively, Mellow Yellow Drama (2014) and Mencari Sila Kelima (Searching for the Fifth Principle, 2015), through the post-structural concepts of Derrida’s deconstruction, and also in relation to cultural studies views on identity. The works were analyzed through close-reading technique. The novels were published during the Reformation (Reformasi) era, where politics had served to be a profound aspect that directed the cultural identity and social attitude of the society. In a range of aspects, from narrative structure to their deeper themes, Hui’s literary works were found to draw on a distinguishable set of strategies which enabled Hui to establish her own identity as someone who was liberated, culturally accepted and free to embrace local colors. This article also showed that Audrey Yu Jia Hui’s narratives have served as an acceptance of an individual’s multiple identities, which often depends on the problem at hand as well as the context of choices.

Sites of Protest: Rethinking Everyday Spaces as Sites for Protesting the Marginalisation of Difference

Sites of Protest: Rethinking Everyday Spaces as Sites for Protesting the Marginalisation of Difference

Meaning Making Process and Recovery Journeys Explored Through Songwriting in Early Neurorehabilitation: Exploring the Perspectives of Participants of Their Self-Composed Songs Through the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

Objectives: This pilot study examined how 15 participants in early rehabilitation described their self-composed Songs 6- to 12-months following participation in a 6-week identity-focused songwriting program. Specific focus was given to the process of meaning making and identity reconstruction in the participants’ self-composed songs.Methods: Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews (n = 15) and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings were developed idiographically as super-ordinate themes unique to each participant, then analyzed across cases to identify recurrent themes and subthemes.Results: Participants described the songwriting process as taking them through one of four distinct recovery journeys described by individuals following acquired neurodisability who underwent a focused therapeutic songwriting program. These included (1) re-conceptualizing values and shifting perspectives about self (my body is broken but my mind has been set free); (2) recognizing acquired inner resources to negotiate discrepancies in self (hope is there); (3) confirming existing values and identifying resources and coping strategies (I have what I need to move forward); (4) confirming previously held values and ongoing process of negotiating discrepancies in self (I don’t yet have the answers).Conclusion: The current study provides insight into the nature and process of meaning making and recovery journeys perceived by individuals with neurodisability. Our findings suggest that songwriting could be a therapeutic tool to facilitate identity reconstruction in neurorehabilitation.

“Life if elsewhere”

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the motives of female childless self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) in deciding to work abroad, so far under-researched.Design/methodology/approachThe study departs from prior research in using a new methodological approach, i.e. the analysis of online diaries (blogs) to explore the motives of a specific population to relocate.FindingsThe emergent model of motivations is based upon four main dimensions that emerged from the socially constructed experience of these single childless female SIEs: escape as main motivation, confrontation to reality, identity reconstruction and purpose of expatriation.Originality/valueThe findings reveal new elements of motivations to move abroad such as the complete absence of the notion of career from the blog posts, replaced, however, by a feminist and existentialist reflection.

Reconstruction of Zainichi Chosenjin identity and achievement and negligence of ethnic education

Reconstruction of Zainichi Chosenjin identity and achievement and negligence of ethnic education

Six Centuries of Upper Indus Basin Streamflow Variability and Its Climatic Drivers

Our understanding of the full range of natural variability in streamflow, including how modern flow compares to the past, is poorly understood for the Upper Indus Basin (UIB) because of short instrumental gauge records. To help address this challenge, we use Hierarchical Bayesian Regression (HBR) with partial pooling to develop six centuries long (1394-2008 C.E.) streamflow reconstructions at three UIB gauges (Doyian, Gilgit, and Kachora), concurrently demonstrating that HBR can be used to reconstruct short records with interspersed missing data. At one gauge (Partab Bridge), with a longer instrumental record (47 years), we develop reconstructions using both Bayesian Regression (BR) and the more conventionally used Principal Components Regression (PCR). The reconstructions produced by PCR and BR at Partab Bridge are nearly identical and yield comparable reconstruction skill statistics, highlighting that the resulting tree-ring reconstruction of streamflow is not dependent on the choice of statistical method. Reconstructions at all four reconstructions indicate flow levels in the 1990s were higher than mean flow for the past six centuries. While streamflow appears most sensitive to accumulated winter (January-March) precipitation and summer (MJJAS) temperature, with warm summers contributing to high flow through increased melt of snow and glaciers, shifts in winter precipitation and summer temperatures cannot explain the anomalously high flow during the 1990s. Regardless, the sensitivity of streamflow to summer temperatures suggests that projected warming may increase streamflow in coming decades, though long-term water risk will additionally depend on changes in snowfall and glacial mass balance.

Transformation of Identity as a Travelling Concept: A Case Study

In his essay “Travelling Theory” Edward Said claims that when a theory and an idea moves from one place to another, it is influenced and to “some extent transformed by its new uses and its new position in new times and places.” This essay will employ the travelling theory to analyse the transformation of the identities of immigrants and ethnic minorities and will focus on how and why this transformation has been identified and explored as one of the major societal changes of migration. Since the interaction between different cultures and societies has accelerated in recent decades, the question of identity or, rather, identities is at stake. With an application Said's travelling theory, the present study seeks to investigate the identity crisis arising from the acculturation experiences of immigrants. However, the principal concern of this essay is to locate how the process of migration and settlement in Britain or the United States – so-called First World nations – might offer possibilities for (re)construction and (re)definition of an immigrant's identity. The essay adopts a case study approach in order to elucidate the relationship between travelling theory and transformation of identity. For this purpose, Buchi Emecheta's Second Class Citizen (1974), Ravinder Randhawa's A Wicked Old Woman (1987), Bharati Mukherjee's Jasmine (1989), Monica Ali's Brick Lane (2003), and Jhumpa Lahiri's The Namesake (2003) will serve as case studies.

The agentic body in immigrant maternal identity reconstruction: embodiment, consumption, acculturation

ABSTRACTDrawing from Merleau-Ponty’s theory of the agentic body, this research uses phenomenological in-depth interviews and auto-ethnographic journaling to explore South Korean immigrant women’s experiences of body changes in consumption over the course of pregnancy, childbirth and early motherhood in the U.S. The findings trace women’s experiences of disembodiment as they defer and alter their consumption, detail multicultural embodiment favoring South Korean cultural knowledge and traditions, and elaborate how their self-sacrificial and compensatory consumption aids in re-embodiment. The paper contributes to theoretical understandings by elaborating the force and layered dynamics of the agentic body in opposing and supporting women’s maternal identity construction, and as a powerful, gendered agent that orients consumer acculturation processes.

Public Space, Cultural Heritage, Basis For A Reconstruction Of GlocalIdentity The Care Of The Other And The OtherCajititlán, MuniCipality Of tlajOMulCO De Zúñiga, jalisCO

Este trabajo tiene la finalidad de un análisis teórico del espacio público y sus componentes, identidad, patrimonio cultural, en un entorno de la sociedad contemporánea, para diseñar un modelo de reconstrucción de la Identidad. La investigación se llevó a cabo en la comunidad de Cajititlán del municipio de Tlajomulco de Zúñiga Jalisco México. La teoría se fundamentó bajo la proxémica subjetiva del espacio social y sus dimensionamientos, cognitivo estético y moral, para diagnosticar el comportamiento y actitudes, así como el significado de tradiciones y costumbres. Se utilizaron las técnicas cualitativas (Etnografía, entrevistas, mapeo) y cuantitativo cuestionario con preguntas cerradas. El resultado, la población está perdiendo el interés por las tradiciones y costumbre, así como la mínima participación de vecinos, por otro lado, el municipio los consulta irregularmente. Se concluyó de manera reflexiva y comprometida con base a los resultados y así se confirmó la hipótesis del Modelo de Reconstrucción de la Identidad, que logre la integración de la sociedad y autoridad municipal con un mismo objetivo común para la formación al conocimiento social y cultural con el fin de gestionar el desarrollo de Cajititlán.

National and Cultural Identity in Iraq in the Face of the Formation of the New Order in the Middle East. Philosophical Reflection and the Political Reality

After Arab Spring many hopes were dashed. However historical change must be happening now in the area of social awareness. The rise of ex­tremism limits awareness and also endangers the Arab identity. The Arab revolution has to be more than the overthrowing of dictators. Bennabi created the concept of Post- Almohad Man and its “Colonsability” – a ten­dency to be colonized which allows the aggressor to be transformed into the colonizer. Is Bennabi’s theory applicable to Iraq? Should killing a Post- Almohad Man be the aim, as Bennabi postulated, and only this will allow society to develop? Although Bennabi rather had in mind liberation from auto-stereotype and reconstruction of identity, many still interpret his words literally.

The “Subject” and “Other” in some poems of Rita Odeh according to Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytical criticism

Jacques Lacan linked postmodern psychoanalysis with linguistics and proposed an unconscious language theory. He introduced and analyzed the stages of “subject” development through language and “other” and “little other” based on the “imaging order”, a“mirror” stage, the symbol or name of “father” and “the real”. In this process, poetry and art are replaced by a “sense of lack”. Rita Odeh is a poetess who reconstitutes her identity in relation to “other” and, by transition from this stage, she imposes her identity on all the possibilities. The unconscious language of the subject is a kind of the Other that takes the symbolic order (social and cultural rules) beyond himself. According to Lacan, Other creates fluid and splits identity through the unconscious, desire and lack. That is represented in the poetry of Rita. This article studies some of Rita’s poems in a descriptive and analytical way. The poetess lives in the Middle East, Palestine; hence her poems are fraught with such issues as identity challenges, split, integrity, hopelessness and identity reconstruction. The entire process is associated directly with other. For this reason, based on the theories of Jacques Lacan, one can feel the way the subject and the other and the sense of lack are created in her poems.