Identical Frame Research Articles

Visibility, violence and queerness: Examining the potentiality of photographs

Salvadoran photographer Elvis Guzmán’s photo exhibit ‘El Autobautismo: De la “I” a la “S”’ (‘Self-baptism: From “I” to “S”’) portrays the quotidian balance between queer survival and celebration by telling the story of three individuals: Isaac, a drag queen; Alex, a trans man; and Stacy, a trans woman. Guzmán’s photos reveal the ephemeral nature of queer identity and the rawness of becoming self in El Salvador as the individuals’ lived realities show a layered experience of trauma and reclaimed identity. In this article, I assert that while photographs and video media are impactful tools in normalizing and educating about situations of violence, their images simultaneously have the potential to reify and retraumatize through the visualization of experienced violence. This analysis of Guzmán’s photo composition contextualizes the embodied experiences of violence within the frame of queer identity and self-baptism in El Salvador in order to illuminate the contradictory and invaluable relationship between violence and visibility.

Frame Analysis: An Inclusive Stakeholder Analysis Tool for Companion Animal Management in Remote Aboriginal Communities.

Simple SummaryThe management of dogs and cats in remote communities is challenging due to limited availability of veterinary services and high reproductive rates in companion animal populations. Support for animal management within communities is also weak, and consequently, programs delivered by external providers rarely achieve sustainable outcomes. An alternative approach whereby communities are engaged in analysing and understanding the issues, and designing solutions themselves, may help to achieve sustainable improvements in animal populations and health management. To test this approach, stakeholders involved with animal management in a remote Australian Aboriginal community were interviewed to gain their perspectives on animal management. By applying frame analysis to understand stakeholders’ perceptions, knowledge and power, interviewees fell into four distinct groups: Indigenous Locals, Indigenous Rangers, Non-Indigenous Locals and Animal Managers. The most important issue identified by all groups was the overpopulation of dogs, but there were differences in their framing of the problem and its causes. Frame analysis achieved the important first step of the process, identifying “What is the issue?”.Companion animal management in Australian remote Aboriginal communities (rAcs) is a complex problem, with multiple stakeholders involved with differing needs, knowledge, power and resources. We present our CoMM4Unity approach, a participatory systemic action research process designed to address such problems. In the first step, frame analysis is used to analyse stakeholders’ perspectives, knowledge types and power dynamics to determine their relative roles in animal management. Twenty individuals were interviewed from stakeholder groups involved in animal management in the remote, island rAc of Wurrumiyanga, Tiwi Islands. Frame analysis indicated that stakeholders aligned into four groups with distinct identity frames, knowledge types and power frames: Indigenous Locals, Indigenous Rangers, Non-Indigenous Locals and Animal Managers. All four groups shared overlapping perceptions about companion animals in Wurrumiyanga, and agreed that dog overpopulation was the primary issue. However, the groups differed in their strength of opinions about how dogs should be managed. Therefore, the situation is not one of diametrically opposing frames but more a misalignment of goals and values. Our application showed that frame analysis can reveal subtle variations in stakeholder groups’ identities, goals and values, and hence how they prioritise management measures.

Exploring the Relational Nature of Identity Gap Management in Sexual Communication

ABSTRACT Framed through the Communication Theory of Identity, the present study investigates strategies individuals in less normative relationships (e.g., LGBTQ relationships, polyamorous, BDSM) (n = 305) use to manage identity gaps that emerge in their sexual communication. A variety of passive and direct strategies occurred to manage identity-laden tensions amid partnered sexual communication. Findings support previous research, which finds individuals engage in self-acceptance, reframing normativity, label changing, passing, disengagement, hyper engagement, and closeted enactment. In addition, the present study introduces partner engagement as a management strategy for identity gaps, further framing identity gaps as a relational phenomenon.

Re(framing) identity: teacher educators’ experiences with marginalization

ABSTRACT Interest in teacher educator research continues to grow with a focus on the influence of identity development on educator practices in teacher education programs. Scant in the research, however, is an awareness about how life experiences with marginalization contribute toward the development of teacher educators’ identities, particularly those focused on social justice, inclusion and individual dignity. In this study, collaborative autoethnography, an emerging qualitative method involving two or more researchers sharing their personal and professional narratives around particular topics, is utilized to explore the individual and collective experiences with marginalization of five teacher educators, and the influences of these experiences on their professional identities and teaching practices in education preparation programs in the United States. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

Seismic response comparison of steel MRFs with yielding and low-damage connections

The development of low-damage steel moment resisting connections for seismic applications provides designers with techniques to dissipate energy without relying on plastic deformations of beam sections, thus avoiding connection strength and stiffness deterioration and providing the opportunity of adding a self-centering mechanism to avoid residual displacements. In this paper, the system-level performance of two low-damage connections, the sliding hinge joint (SHJ) connection and the self-centering sliding hinge joint (SCSHJ) connection, is evaluated using analytical models. New component models are developed for each of the connections and validated using available experimental results. The global performance of three steel frames of different heights, using either the SHJ connection or SCSHJ connection, are then compared to otherwise identical frames with either pre-Northridge (PRENORTH) connections or reduced beam section (RBS) connections. The benefits of these new connections for the global performance of the frames are presented through fragility curves for 27 response indices, comprising three engineering demand parameters (maximum inter-story drift, residual drifts, and accelerations) under three earthquake hazard types (shallow crustal, subduction, and main-shock-after-shock combinations) for three performance objectives. The global performance of the frames with the SHJ connection is similar to that of frames with the RBS connection, while avoiding yielding and damage in the connections. The SCSHJ connections further enhance the good performance of the SHJ connection by also reducing residual drifts and peak floor accelerations. This improvement in performance translates directly to reductions in the expected annual loss, particularly for structures exposed to longer duration ground motions or main-shock-after-shock sequences.

South Asian Filmscapes: Transregional Encounters ed. by Elora Halim Chowdhury and Esha Niyogi De

Reviewed by: South Asian Filmscapes: Transregional Encounters ed. by Elora Halim Chowdhury and Esha Niyogi De Sushmita Chatterjee (bio) South Asian Filmscapes: Transregional Encounters edited by Elora Halim Chowdhury and Esha Niyogi De. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2020, 330 pp., $99.00 hardcover, $35.00 paper. South Asian Filmscapes: Transregional Encounters makes exceptional contributions on varied levels to conversations in film studies, South Asian studies, gender and feminist analyses, and cultural critique. First, the book is a remarkably exemplary edited volume that showcases the magic of collaborative work and its contributions to transregional analyses. The chapters in the volume speak to each other through political borders and violent histories of the region. This shared resonance, attuned to the complexities of remembering histories and working with the complexities of the present moment that frame South Asia, powerfully draws out the significance of filmic archives for telling and re-telling histories. The book is a rare collective event that brings scholarship from Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh in conversation as oftentimes these countries are studied in isolation without noting their shared and fractured histories. Second, the book extends the breadth and depth of transnational scholarship through an emphasis on transregional filmscapes. Attentive to the politics of nation formations and attuned to critical entanglements within south-south relations, the book draws out intricate nuances to trajectories of subject formation. In critical distance to a simplistic area studies or comparative approach, the book complicates "transnational" and "South Asia" through nuanced transregional analyses. The third significant contribution of the edited volume is its powerfully evocative turn to politics and poetics that also oftentimes get sidelined in favor of one or the other when studying South Asia from the global north. The editors, Elora Halim Chowdhury and Esha Niyogi De, note, "This edited volume is born out of a collaborative effort to excavate the complex politics and poetics of bordered identity and of crossing" (3). By anchoring "filmic politics" in its involvement with gender, nationality, sexuality, language, religion, and their specific confluences, the volume consistently notes the shifting grounds of identity formation through political turmoil alongside the moving frames of representation (3). In its analysis of political events, the volume does not shy away from the political realities and hierarchies of geographical travel and access to forums and information. The editors and authors share stories about their conference travel obstacles through candid articulations of citizenship status and visa politics. Ironically, these conversations are often missing from transnational analyses even when they seek to grapple with borders and nations. By situating these conversations at the heart of "cinematic archives" through "conflicted landscapes" the book frames cinema in relation to geopolitical reality and discourse formation in an unprecedented unique manner (4, 8). Indeed, [End Page 372] this volume is a much-needed intervention in transnational studies, politics, and its relation to poetics. The edited volume comprises three sections with Part I on "Nations and Regional Margins." In Part I, Fahmidul Haq discusses independent filmmakers in Bangladesh and their negotiation of national identity. Kamran Asdar Ali's chapter discusses Pakistani films from the 1960s and analyzes politics of gender and sexuality. Amit Ranjan's chapter follows with a discussion of Sikh identity in Hindi cinema. Glen Hill and Kabita Chakma discuss cinema in the Chittagong Hill Tracts and the hegemonic impositions placed on Bangladesh's Indigenous people. In Nasreen Rehman's chapter we read about film director Hassan Tariq's film Neend and its gender politics. Part II on "Transregional Crossings" begins with Madhuja Mukherjee's chapter on cinematic confluences in the 1920s, among Bombay, Calcutta, and Lahore. The following chapter by Lotte Hoek discerns the traces of East Pakistani Urdu films in Bangladesh's cinematic history. Considering the complexities of representation, Esha Niyogi De's chapter studies action heroines in specific Pakistani films spanning the late 1970s and 1980s. Hariprasad Athanickal's chapter moves us to South Indian cinema and studies the relation of new wave directors to mainstream cinema in the area. Engaging with the role of diaspora in Pakistani Punjabi film, Gwendolyn S. Kirk's chapter analyzes Pakistani Punjabi films to trace an active framing of Punjabi identity. The next chapter by Zebunnisa Hamid studies post...

The Transnationalization of Ethno-nationalism : The Case of the Identitarian Movement

The Identitarian movement, a radical-right movement active in a number of European countries, desires to unite European nationalists in international action. Nevertheless, the theory claims that the latter ideology is based on nativism. This might create internal ideological conflict between nativism versus transnationalism. The article offers a qualitative analysis of how the movement solves the issue of identity framing on the transnational level. This is a question of how the ethno-nationalist message is transformed to the transnational level, and how national needs are translated into transnational ones. The findings show that the Identitarian movement constructs a two-fold identity – a national one and a European one; and operates with three types of identity framing, thereby building a complex picture of a common past, present, and future. All three frames always act to maintain a balance between both identities, and always work with the language of civilization. Such framing, then, might lead to the successful mobilization of international resources and turn ideas into action.

Multisensory discourse resources: decolonizing ethnographic research practices

ABSTRACT Researchers have attempted to address the intersection of multisensory and multimodal discourse practices from an interactional perspective. This study argues for the value of experiential, non-interactional multisensory discourse resources and proposes a conceptual framework of multisensory discourse resources to bridge visual and family language ideology ethnography. A year-long ethnographic case study of three Nepalese families (immigrant and transmigrant), consisting of 150 h of observational data triangulated with qualitative interviews, posed two questions: (1) How do transnational families, in the homescape, use multisensory discourse resources to provide cultural, national, religious, and ethnic identity framing? (2) How can transnational migrant and multilingual family language researchers ethically collect and analyse multisensory discourse resources as qualitative data? The findings highlight experiential multisensory discourse resources as threads of identity in the home that have yet to be fully recognised as research evidence by family language ideology and visual ethnography researchers.

The Limited Impact of Identity Frames on Support for Multiracial Candidates

The number of multiracial candidates seeking office is growing in an increasingly diverse America. This raises questions about how the media frame candidates with potentially complex racial backgrounds and how voters respond to these frames. We investigate the impact of media frames that emphasize race and gender attributes using survey experiments on Kamala Harris---the first Black woman and first Asian woman vice president. Our findings are mixed. In a survey experiment conducted after her nomination, headlines emphasizing different elements of Harris's race or gender had no impact on public attitudes. In an experiment conducted after Harris was inaugurated, however, headlines that cued her gender only or both her gender and her Black racial background boosted popular support. Taken together, these findings suggest that some types of identity-based cues may matter, but the effects are sensitive to experimental settings and contexts.

Identifying as a Good Parent: Considering the Communication Theory of Identity for Parents of Children Receiving Palliative Care.

Background: Parents of seriously ill children are at risk of psychosocial morbidity, which may be mitigated by competent family-centered communication and role-affirming conversations. Parent caregivers describe a guiding desire to do a good job in their parenting role but also depict struggling under the intense weight of parental duty. Objectives and Design: Through this case study, the Communication Theory of Identity (CTI) provides a framework for conceptualizing how palliative care teams can help parents cope with this reality. CTI views communication with care teams as formative in the development and enablement of parental perceptions of their "good parenting" role. Results: Palliative care teams may consider the four frames of identity (personal, enacted, relational, and communal) as meaningful dimensions of the parental pursuit to care well for an ill child. Conclusion: Palliative care teams may consider compassionate communication about parental roles to support the directional virtues of multilayered dynamic parental identity.

Conceptualising backlash movements: A (patch-worked) perspective from social movement studies

This article discusses the potential contribution to the concept of backlash in social movement studies. If we consider backlash politics as characterised by the convergence of an intensified organisational networking, increased capacity for collective actions and aggressive framing by retrograde actors (including movements), social movement studies might provide (a) theoretical suggestions to embed the analysis in an established sets of concepts and hypotheses on the development of contentious politics, of which backlash politics is a type and (b) empirical knowledge on a specific form of retrograde movements, those related to the radical right. Building upon some established concepts in social movement studies, I will address the identity framing, organisational resources and contextual opportunities for backlash politics.

One for one and one for all? Human rights and transgender access to legal gender recognition in Botswana

In 2017 a surprising development took place in an African nation with no lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender (LGBT) rights or protections to speak of. In two separate cases, one involving a transgender man and the other a transgender woman, the Botswana High Court ruled in favour of the two litigants. The rulings allowed each to have their gender markers on their identity documents adjusted. This was a historical first on the African continent. This paper explores how this came to pass. Providing a close reading of the Botswana cases I contend that, perhaps surprisingly, the law though crucial, seems to function as simply the final decision-making tool at the judges' disposal. Drawing on interviews undertaken with both litigants and their legal teams alongside available media including op-eds’ by members of the litigation team, I provide a comparative analysis of the two cases. I argue that each case followed a distinct strategy and that this may prove pertinent to future jurisprudence in the region. Beyond the much-derided framing of gender identity as a human right in Africa, in cases such as these it would seem that for transgender people, the heteronormative ways in which litigants are presented, along with their public in/visibility and perceived im/mobility can be critical to their outcomes.

Which Identity Frames Boost Support for and Mobilization in the #BlackLivesMatter Movement? An Experimental Test

The Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement has organized hundreds of disruptive protests in American cities since 2013 (Garza 2014; Harris 2015; Taylor 2016). The movement has garnered considerable attention from the U.S. media and is well recognized by the U.S. public (Horowitz and Livingston 2016; Neal 2017). Social movement scholars suggest that such robust mobilizations are typically predicated on clear social movement frames (Benford and Snow 2000; Snow et al. 1986). Tillery (2019b) has identified several distinct message frames within the social media communications of BLM activists. In this paper, we use a survey experiment to test the effect of three of these frames—Black Nationalist, Feminist, and LGBTQ+ Rights—on the mobilization of African Americans. We find that exposure to these frames generates differential effects on respondents’ willingness to support, trust, canvass, and write representatives about the Black Lives Matter movement. These findings raise new questions about the deployment of intersectional messaging strategies within movements for racial justice.

Automatic Identification of Individual Primates with Deep Learning Techniques.

SummaryThe difficulty of obtaining reliable individual identification of animals has limited researcher's ability to obtain quantitative data to address important ecological, behavioral, and conservation questions. Traditional marking methods placed animals at undue risk. Machine learning approaches for identifying species through analysis of animal images has been proved to be successful. But for many questions, there needs a tool to identify not only species but also individuals. Here, we introduce a system developed specifically for automated face detection and individual identification with deep learning methods using both videos and still-framed images that can be reliably used for multiple species. The system was trained and tested with a dataset containing 102,399 images of 1,040 individuals across 41 primate species whose individual identity was known and 6,562 images of 91 individuals across four carnivore species. For primates, the system correctly identified individuals 94.1% of the time and could process 31 facial images per second.

Homescape

Abstract This article presents the redefined concept of the homescape as space where transnational, newly arrived, and settled families can provide agency for their identity framing through multisensory discourse resources. The study investigated the experiential, non-interactional multisensory discourse resources in the homescape. The homescape extends from the Linguistic Landscape and houses temporal and spatial components, which occur over time. The yearlong ethnographic case study of three Nepalese families (two transmigrant Ghurkha families and one immigrant family) included 150 hours of observational data triangulated with qualitative interviews. The study posed two questions: How do transmigrant and transnational families find capacity for agency in the homescape? How do families use experiential multisensory discourse resources embedded in homescape to facilitate identity framing? Findings highlighted that experiential multisensory discourse resources are threads of identity in the home that have yet to be fully recognized as research evidence by ethnographers in the home context.

Symbolic right-sizing and Balkan nationalisms: the Macedonia name dispute and the Prespa Agreement

ABSTRACT This article examines identity politics on the Macedonian name dispute and draws parallels with identity conflicts in other divided societies to examine how peacemakers and hardliners contest the prospect of negotiated peace settlements. The first part of the article examines competing narratives of the dispute and how the unexpected challenge of ‘symbolic right-sizing’ of national identity on both parts following the dissolution of Yugoslavia provoked major public and political outrage. It compares Greek and North Macedonian understandings of national boundaries, unity and ethnic group entitlement over symbols of national unity and past glory. The second part investigates conflict resolution and the two UN mediated agreements on the Macedonian name dispute: the Interim Agreement negotiated by Richard Holbrook and Matthew Nimitz in September 1995; and the comprehensive Prespa Agreement mediated by the latter in June 2018 concluded in early 2019. In the final part of the article, the wider significance of the case for the region, symbolic ‘right-sizing’, and theories of identity framing and conflict resolution are discussed.

Imagined homogeneity: Identity and geopolitical and geoeconomic influences in the linguistic landscape of Seoul

Despite South Korea's long reputation as a homogeneous society, recent research suggests that it is facing transitions in ethnic composition and language use. This paper explores this proposition by studying the linguistic landscape (LL) of Seoul. The survey offers a varied account of and new insight into many issues, including Korean homogeneity, that are influenced and transformed by contact with superpowers. By adopting the frame-analytic perspective suggested by Scheff (2005) and Coupland (2012), we provide an interpretive and critical analysis within the frames of geopolitics, geoeconomics and identity. Each frame has specific historical, political, cultural and socioeconomic underpinnings that are sometimes in tension with or overlap each other. This study highlights the need to reconsider the increasing impact of geopolitics and geoeconomics, which continue to make their presence felt in the LL of Seoul and contemporary debates regarding Korean identity. The tendency to imagine South Korea as a homogeneous society is no longer accurate. Inherently, the LL reveals that the call for a common vision of ‘multilingualism and multiculturalism’ in traditionally homogeneous societies can be hegemonic and that maintaining identity in the face of pressures from internationalism can be difficult, representing issues that we frequently naively overlook.

Three dimensional bone mineral density changes in the femur over 1 year in primary total hip arthroplasty patients

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to compare the bone mineral density changes between unmatched patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty receiving uncemented and cemented type of implants. Previous studies have used DEXA or a two dimensional analysis to estimate the bone quality following total joint replacement, whereas this study presents the changes in three dimensions. MethodsFifty subjects both male and females receiving both cemented and uncemented type of implant were recruited. Two CT scans were taken of each subject, the first at 24 h post surgery and the second one 1 year after surgery. The scans were calibrated using a phantom converting the Hounsfield units to bone mineral density values in g/cm3. The two scans were registered together using anatomical landmarks and resliced to compare the two femurs in the identical frame of reference. The bone density gain and loss was calculated by comparing density values between the two sets of scans. FindingsThe results showed that most of the bone loss was located around the Lesser Trochanter and some bone density gain at the distal tip of the implant. The three dimensional density changes occur differently between individuals and the study showed no correlation of bone loss with age. InterpretationThe bone loss occurred mostly at the proximal femur, which is in agreement with previously presented studies. By carrying out three dimensional analysis on the bone gain and loss on the femur, it is possible to identify the patients that are showing high degree of bone loss.

English

The g-frame operator for g-frames in C* algebra is introduced. The results on g-frame operators are proved. Frame identities are shown. Result on direct sum of g-frame operators on direct sum of Hilbert Spaces is presented. I. Introduction Frames are generalization of bases .D. Han and D. R. Larson have developed a number of basic concepts of operator theoretic approach to frame theory in C* algebra. Peter G Casazza presented a tutorial on frame theory and he suggested the major directions of research in frame theory. Radu V. Balan and Peter G. Casazza have analyzed decomposition of a normalized tight frame and obtained identities for frames. A. Najati and A. Rahimi have developed the generalized frame theory and introduced methods for generating g-frames of a C* algebra.

Racialized Tensions in the Multimodal Literacies of Black Immigrant Youth

Background The chapter explores the intersection of multimodal and digital literacies and racial identities of Black Caribbean immigrant youth in the United States (U.S.). Drawing on ethnographic research on the ways in which adolescent students embody their identities online, the chapter details some of the tensions that arise when these adolescents attempt to navigate a new home country that racializes their cultural and national identities and literacy practices. Context The chapter offers a meta-analysis of case studies five Black Caribbean immigrant adolescents’ multimodal and digital literacy practices in response to the racialized category “Black.” Looking across four ethnographic case studies, and through the thematic meta-analysis of data, the chapter presents data snapshots of pivotal events that refect issues of race. These events highlight the dialogic ways that these youth make use of literacy practices to understand what it means to be Black and immigrant, and to challenge these dominant, racialized representations that negate their cultural identities. Purpose The purpose of the chapter is to explore the tensions that arise when these adolescents attempt to navigate a new home country that racializes their cultural and national identities and literacy practices. In the case of Black Caribbean immigrant youth, part of this newcomer experience involves negotiating what “race” and “blackness” mean in terms of their academic, social, and personal lives. Thus, the chapter illustrates how young people use their modally and digitally mediated practices to negotiate racialized positionings across physical and virtual spaces, affinity groups, and the school and social contexts of their adopted U.S. homes. Findings As Black Caribbean immigrants, these young persons engage in emotional identity work in their talk about and/or experiences of race. The adolescents’ emotional response to racialized categories was defined by contesting feelings of pride, shame, and resilience. Two salient themes that characterized these tensions are the conflicting sense of 1) national pride versus the racial prejudice, and 2) deficit versus worthy. Their feelings of self-worth were intrinsically connected to racialized identity labels “Black” and “immigrant.” However, the modal tools and spaces they used and created serve as sites of resilience and identity (re)framing. Conclusions Adolescents developed their own personal and/or public voice that allowed them to reevaluate their self-worth, importance of social status, opportunities for advocacy, and their redefinitions of identity labels. Modal spaces and tools offered these adolescents alternative frames of reference within which they could evaluate and reposition Self. The intentional responses of these Black immigrant youth offered positive ways to see and present themselves while challenging deficit narratives of persons of color. Recommendation Explore immigrant adolescents’ use of modal and digital tools and literacies as spaces for socially reconstructing notions of race and identity. Consider modal and virtual digital spaces and tools (e.g., social networks, blogs, photographs/images, talk/stories) as a way to create opportunities for youth to air and share their experiences and ideas, as well as have their stories and positionalities become a part of the broader educational and societal narrative.