Identity Conflict Research Articles

‘Unions et germanies’. Armed Mobilisation, Plebeian Politicisation and Historical Memory in the Kingdom of Valencia (fourteenth-seventeenth centuries)

Although the ‘Unions et germanies’ were forbidden, popular movements arose in the Kingdom of Valencia that expressed themselves mainly through judicial means, but sometimes also resorted to arms. Analysis of the actors’ capacity for agency is therefore complex. In particular, the Germania (1519-1522) revalued the participation of the urban majorities in public affairs, based on the armed and legal mobilisation of the city’s artisans. Other grievances throughout the Kingdom of Valencia strengthened the movement. The conflict was radicalised, giving rise to armed actions against privilege that redefined its trajectory. The classist writings of the chroniclers repudiated this collective violence. The adoption of rational choices to achieve objectives reveals the political subjectivity created by the war, which marked the memory of the commoners. A widespread resistance kept alive their banners, which became the cultural substratum of later struggles. The essay rescues the forms assumed by plebeian political identities in the sixteenth-century conflict, inscribing them in the cycle of collective action that began with the Union (1347-1348) and ended with the Second Germania (1693), also comparing the potentialities of these dissimilar experiences.

Dari Kekerasan Menuju Kesehatan Mental: Studi Kasus Konseling Realita pada Pelaku Kekerasan Seksual

Sexual violence is a serious problem that has deep psychological, physical and social impacts on victims and perpetrators. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of Reality counseling in helping male perpetrators of sexual violence overcome identity conflicts, modify maladaptive behavior, and improve their adaptation skills. This case study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and participant observation to analyze the effectiveness of Reality counseling for a perpetrator of male sexual violence against men. The study results showed that this therapy was successful in changing the perpetrator's behavior and emotional responses, and contributed to his emotional well-being while reducing the risk of relapse. Future research needs to explore the long-term effectiveness of Reality counseling in different contexts and individual characteristics to further deepen rehabilitation strategies for sexual assault perpetrators.

Development and Validation of the Identity Negotiation Experiences and Strategies Scale

ABSTRACT A rich theoretical and empirical literature captures experiences of identity conflict and tension at the nexus of identity domains that feel incompatible. The Identity Negotiation Experiences and Strategies (INES) scale was developed to provide a quantitative tool for capturing experiences of identity strain or conflict, and strategies for responding to or managing strain. Focus groups with college students from the United States, the Netherlands, and Finland were used to develop a pool of items capturing students’ identity negotiation experiences. Subsequently, two college student samples from the United States and the Netherlands were used to refine the scale and assess psychometric properties. Four subscales – Strain, Compartmentalization, Vigilance, and Identity Negotiation Resources – demonstrated strong and significant correlations with other theoretically relevant identity processes, as well as with depression symptoms. Metric measurement invariance was demonstrated across the U.S. and Dutch samples. We explore links with existing theory and research and potential future uses for the INES.

Pancasila in National Curriculum: Political Education or Doctrination?

This article examines the operation of Pancasila, the Indonesian state ideology, in school courses in an Indonesian school in the Netherlands, “Sekolah Indonesia Den Haag” (SIDH). It aims to examine the way Pancasila is taught at SIDH, whether it functions as political education or political indoctrination. The study was conducted using qualitative data analysis, with data from interviews and field observations. The findings show that the way Pancasila is taught at SIDH is a dynamic process consisting of both cultural value and critical engagement to help students understand Indonesia's cultural heritage and instill national identity. The findings also indicate that Pancasila is taught as political education, predominantly relying on rote memorisation and prescribed textbooks, within the context of Dutch liberal cultural values. This leads to identity conflicts among the students. The findings in this study can inform policymaking in education and the formulation of curriculum. For example, to promote a more holistic understanding among students, we can foster critical thinking and open dialogue and encourage interdisciplinary exploration. Investing in teacher professional development may also facilitate meaningful teaching beyond nationalistic symbolism.

From EMI to CLIL: negotiating teacher identity

ABSTRACT In English-medium instruction (EMI), students learn content knowledge through their additional language. Despite the implicit English learning goals, EMI content subject teachers have been urged to provide more language support for their students. Such expectations may not be something that EMI teachers were professionally prepared for. It is then worth examining how EMI teachers (re)construct their identity when facing such new expectations. Based on Wenger’s [Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity. Cambridge University Press] identity construction framework, this qualitative multiple case study reveals how three EMI teachers in Hong Kong and Mainland China secondary schools negotiated their identity when being supported to incorporate language teaching in their content lessons. From data collected in co-planning meetings, lesson observations and interviews, all the teachers were engaged in constructing the identity of language aware content teachers, but some of them appeared to experience identity conflicts. The contrast of the three cases reveals that teachers’ professional training, school context and curriculum requirement are important in shaping teachers’ professional identity. Teachers’ agency also impacts on how teachers negotiate their identity, especially when facing contextual constraints. These findings underscore the importance of preparing teachers both psychologically and practically in EMI teacher education.

Identity and Ethnic Conflict in Northeast India: A Historical and Comparative Approach

Identity and Ethnic Conflict in Northeast India: A Historical and Comparative Approach

Concerns about the deportation of friends or family members shape U.S.-born Latines' feelings about U.S. immigration policy with implications for collective action for immigrants' rights.

As citizens by birth, U.S.-born Latines are not subject to deportation. However, many have undocumented friends or family members who are. We examined whether concerns about the deportation of friends or family members shape U.S.-born Latines' feelings of anger and fear about U.S. immigration policy as well as identity conflict, variables associated with collective action for immigrants' rights. After establishing the effectiveness of our experimental manipulation in a pilot study (N = 378), we randomly assigned a national sample of U.S.-born Mexican and Central Americans (N = 1,244) to imagine the deportation of friends or family members or to a control condition. Participants reported their anger and fear about U.S. immigration policy, their sense of identity conflict, and their willingness to engage in collective action for immigrants' rights. Prior to the experimental manipulation, participants also reported their Latine identity centrality and fear of protesting. Concerns about the deportation of friends or family members increased anger and fear about U.S. immigration policy but not identity conflict. These feelings were independently associated with greater willingness to engage in collective action for immigrants' rights. The political consequences of the criminalization of undocumented status extend beyond undocumented immigrants themselves, strengthening feelings associated with collective action for immigrants' rights among their U.S.-born friends' and family members. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Legality of Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia: Legal Review, Implementation Management, and Psychological Impact on Families

This study aims to analyze the legality of interfaith marriage in Indonesia, including legal review, implementation management, and psychological impact on the family. The research method used is library research with a qualitative research approach. The study results show that policy recommendations must include changes to marriage laws, increasing public awareness, and education about the importance of tolerance and inclusivity in a multicultural society like Indonesia. The convoluted recording process and the inconsistency between state law and religious law are the main challenges that must be overcome. The implementation of the legality of interfaith marriage in Indonesia is still experiencing bureaucratic rigidity and a lack of coordination between related institutions. This creates administrative barriers that often prevent interfaith couples from obtaining official recognition of their marriage. Couples of different religions and their families experience significant psychological impacts, including social stigma, identity conflicts, psychological distress, and difficulties in educating children. This indicates the need for greater psychological and social support for interfaith couples

‘Am I both or not?’: The role of perceived societal norms of multiculturalism in negotiating bicultural identities

AbstractThe present study explored the role of perceived societal norms of multiculturalism in the engagement of cultural identity styles (hybridising‐HIS and altenating‐AIS) and, in turn, their impact on bicultural identity consolidation and cultural identity conflict. We examined 293 Chinese Americans' perceptions about the extent to which culturally diverse groups are in contact with one another (multicultural contact); whether diversity is valued and appreciated (multicultural ideology); and whether there are policies and practices that support and accommodate diversity (multicultural policies and practices) in the United States. Results from a path analysis showed that multicultural ideology was negatively associated with AIS and cultural identity conflict. Multicultural contact was positively associated with HIS and bicultural identity consolidation. Multicultural policies and practices had no significant associations. The findings underscore the important role of perceived societal acceptance of multicultural ideology and perceived norms of multicultural contact in managing cultural identities. Furthermore, the study highlights that perceived multiculturalism norms as societal‐level factors combined with individual‐level cultural identity styles can influence the identity outcomes of multicultural individuals. Further research into the role of perceived societal norms for both majority and cultural minority individuals in identity integration is warranted.

The Interplay Between Ethnic and National Identity of Immigrants in Samira Ahmed’s Internment

The post-9/11 has inspired a great deal of scholarship in the discipline of ethnic and cultural studies, and young adult fiction is no exception to this. Exploring the problems of identity, this article seeks to explain the interplay between an old ethnic and the newly acquired national identity in Internment, a political fiction by Indian American writer Samira Ahmed. Combining Homi K. Bhabha’s model of national identity with Stuart Hall’s model of cultural identity, this article argues that national identity is also shaped and affected by one’s ethnic identity, but prominent nation-states like the limitations of the US to nationality are germane to its racist policies, which in turn cause identity conflicts, especially in second-generation migrants who take themselves as both US nationals and Indian Muslims. In this way, the paper discusses the thematization of oppression of an ethnic minority by national politics questioning their social and political efficacy and their rejection into the mainstream culture. The nuanced understanding of the novel about identities allows us to conclude that the failure to integrate minor ethnicities into the mainstream is also expressed in real-world political decisions and has become a pertinent issue in Young Adult fiction.

Social antagonism, identity-driven beliefs, and loss avoidance: Evidence from Guinea

We use a lab-in-the-field experiment to study identity preferences, other-regarding beliefs, and conflict behavior among the Fulani and Malinke in Guinea, Sub-Saharan Africa. In a hawk-dove game, we explore the existence of out-group hostility and ingroup cooperation compared to the baseline where pairs are uninformed of each other's region of origin. We observe that ethnic identity, especially among the Malinke, encourages loss aversion in situations where negative earnings are possible. Identitydriven beliefs, i.e. expectations of others, lead to either reciprocity among homogeneous pairs or materialism in diverse pairs. Using complementary survey data, we also find that high out-group trust and less linguistic diversity are correlated with conflict avoidance.

Education as a field of conflict with the cultural identity of the Roma. A study on Roma graduates from Greek universities

The Roma, constitute the largest minority in Europe. The percentage of young Roma who have graduated from university, ranges from 1% to 4% in the member states of the European Union, resulting that the majority is being categorized as NEETs (not in education, employment, or training). The purpose of the article is to explore the identity conflicts, experienced by Roma university graduates with their traditional identity, through their educational journey, from preschool to university, as well as their relationships with the Roma Community. The sample of the qualitative research, consisted of ten Roma graduates from Greek universities. The majority of the graduates declared they were proud of their origin, although they confirmed the concealment of their cultural identity, mainly during their university studies, but also after that, for reasons related to their integration into the labor market and their social acceptance.

The Identity Crisis among Peoples from Mixed Parents from Countries under in Inter-States Conflicts: Case of Rwanda, D.R. Congo and Burundi

The study was carried out by 5 mixed- people living in Burundi, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo, within the framework of guided interview seminars, in order to analyze the construction of mixed-ethics people in the context of identity conflicts due to ethnic or cultural conflicts, otherwise known as “ethnocultural conflicts”. Mestizos are a minority in the states where we live, and are considered problematic in the various societies of Africa’s Great Lakes region country. My fieldwork revealed that mixed-ethnic people in these three countries are victims of several atrocities, including ethnic marginalization, nepotism, socio-political demonization and economic discrimination. In this context, I have attempted to identify the main actors involved in identity conflicts among mixed-ethic people, and to propose a perspective of dialogue as a solution to the situations of the mixed-ethnic people mentioned above. On this basis, a number of recommendations have been put forward to reinforce the hope of positive action at regional level for the promotion of peace and lasting stability, particularly for mixed people who are increasingly victims of appearance status at UN level.

Reflection of Immigrants’ Identity Crises in Kamila Shamsie Home Fire vs. Mohsin Hamid Exit West: A Gender-Based Thematic Exploration

Kamila Shamsie's "Home Fire" and Mohsin Hamid's "Exit West" both discover the displacement and acknowledgement in a world that is becoming a global village. "Home Fire" throws light on the crucial integration of a loyal family member as a Muslim in a post-9/11 Western society scenario. It finds out the social and political identities that can cause conflicts. Migrants from the Western world, in contrast to "Exit West", have suffered emotional and physical suffering in the journey of refugees. It shares the love and barriers through the borders of countries. Both have different approaches to narration, and both the novels share belonging and feelings of human burdens they face during migration to the Western world. This research aims to identify and analyze themes of Kamila Shamsie's "Home Fire" and Mohsin Hamid's "Exit West". Along with this, it sheds light on the writing styles used to construct the plots of the works that share a lot of similar elements. This is qualitative research, and for analyzing themes, this study takes the help of 'Critical Theory', which was propounded in the early 20th century by the Frankfurt School. The primary source for this research is the text of the novels, through which the researchers identified major themes, and the secondary source to support the arguments is already published works by different scholars to analyze and deepen understanding of the issue/s. This research concludes that migration, identity, and political conflict are the major themes in both novels, and these themes serve a significant role in constructing the plots/stories of the novels. As an implication, this study would help readers understand the texts from several new perspectives.

The Vlachs of Veria and Their Identities of Conflict (1900–1949)

Abstract This article emphasizes significant historic events that influenced the ethnic group of Vlachs of Veria that resulted in the emergence of two conflicting identities, the “Graecoman Vlachs” and the “Romanized Vlachs.” The Vlachs of Veria were divided into two subgroups forming new representations of the self and the other. In the midst of radical changes such as the transition from the multicultural Ottoman Empire to the Greek state, the article will highlight the complex historical processes of major or minor importance that contributed to the division and conflicting relations between the Vlachs of Veria. The article analysis, by considering as reference points the role of education in identity construction as well as the influence of local elites: their ability to direct the views of those whom they rule and to exercise power.

The Role of Social Media in Developing the National Identity for Social Diversity Among University Students

The study's overarching goals were to determine how college students' social interaction patterns shape their sense of national and cultural identity, how these patterns relate to one another, how these patterns vary across demographic variables (such as gender, age, location, and parental education level), and whether or not these patterns can be used to predict students' future national and cultural identities. Six hundred fourteen male and female students from three different schools made up the research sample. The results showed that there was a lot of social interaction (3.41), a strong sense of national and cultural identity (4.14) across all categories, and a high degree of tool use (4.24). In addition to explaining the dimensions of social interaction (competition, cooperation, and conflict; 20.8% of the variance ratio), the areas of social interaction had a statistically significant impact on developing cultural and national identity dimensions. When looking at the many aspects of national and cultural identity, cooperation stands out as the most important and predictive. Both aspects (competition and cooperation) were positively and statistically significantly correlated with each of the other dimensions of cultural identity, national identity, and the overall tool of cultural and national identity (conflict). Social interaction patterns, as well as national and cultural identification, did not vary by age, gender, or location. Graduate school is associated with statistically significant variations in social contact patterns, as well as national and cultural identification, as compared to parents with lower levels of education.

Exploring the Organizational Identity Structure of National Sports Federations: What Makes a Federative Identity Structure Unique?

The study investigates the Organizational Identity Structure and Formation of Sports Federations with a Meta-Structure that has not been previously studied. The aim of this research is to address the questions of how sports federations possess an organizational identity structure and what roles external stakeholders play in the formation of these identities. While the existing literature emphasizes that federations may have organizational identity structures, the contents and formation processes of these identities have not yet been thoroughly examined. In this study, data was collected through semi-structured interviews with the managers of six different sports federations in Turkey. The qualitative data obtained were analyzed using content analysis. The findings indicate that sports federations typically have a tripartite corporate identity structure, namely “pragmatic,” “normative,” and “idealist.” Relationships with external stakeholders, especially with International Federations, the Ministry of Youth and Sports, and sponsor companies play a crucial role in shaping the identities of federations. The study contributes to the understanding of the corporate identity structures of sports federations and provides new insights to the literature in this field. Additionally, practical recommendations are offered for resolving identity conflicts encountered in the management of sports federations.

Gender Identity and Cultural Conflict in Chitra Banerjee’s Select Novels

Indian-born author Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni has a postcolonial diasporic identity. It has been noted that she is an Asian American writer of exceptional talent. She employs a variety of storytelling techniques while writing with a deep human insight. Her personas are portrayed with such realism that they leave the reader with a lasting impression. This paper looks at how a well-known male characters who show gender role reversal are portrayed in a few of Divakaruni's novels. The pieces under consideration for the analysis are Sister of My Heart and The Vine of Desire. Identity cannot be separated from religious, public, ethnic, and social setting of the reality. The unpredictability of author’s circumstances and assorted nature function in various places of the world. This causes the case of comprehensiveness of gender to an excess. Both the gender has wrestled with the subject of character, yet women’s quest for acknowledgment as a distinct has been confounded, as she begins to understand her capacities and failures. Divakaruni's works are set in a setting that alternates between India and America, and her fearless female characters come from all walks of life. Indian women in Divakaruni, who were torn between the two nations, struggle to define who they are and are entrapped by societal shifts. The novels Sister of My Heart and The Vine of Desire both address identity crises.

Sex Reassignment Dilemma in 4 Yemeni Siblings with Five Alpha-Reductase Type 2 Deficiency

5α-Reductase two deficiency (5αR2D) is an autosomal recessive 46, XY disorder impacting the HeRD5A2 gene, causing ambiguous genitalia. Four Yemeni siblings with this condition sought guidance from the Sudanese Intersex Working Group (SIWG) in adulthood. A multidisciplinary evaluation was conducted, encompassing physical, mental, hormonal, and imaging examinations, although genetic mutation analysis of the srd5a2 gene was precluded due to limited facilities. Participants were initially assigned as females by an untrained birth attendant; the siblings later manifested virilisation before puberty, prompting a reassignment to the male sex. Despite presenting with 46 XY DSD due to 5αR2D, their sexual identity conflict led them to seek counsel from the SIWG. Comprehensive assessments confirmed the 5αR2D diagnosis. Extensive counselling with the family revealed their resolute decision to maintain the male sex despite concerns highlighted by the SIWG regarding future sexual function and fertility. This case underscores the significant challenges stemming from inadequate knowledge and interventions, emphasising the critical need for early diagnosis, proper genetic counselling, and expert management. Timely referrals to specialised facilities and consideration of options such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for subsequent children are imperative. This report advocates for proactive measures in similar cases, emphasising the importance of tertiary care facilities for accurate diagnosis, informed decision-making, and optimal management of 5αR2D-related dilemmas.

Managerial taboos: How the ideal of a manager may harm people and organizations

This conceptual paper explores the seldom-discussed "unspoken rules" or managerial taboos that are often part of a manager's career but are rarely acknowledged openly. These sensitive issues can trigger feelings of guilt, shame, or self-doubt, creating tension between a manager's real identity and the idealized image of an "ideal manager." We propose a conceptual model that links this identity conflict to adverse outcomes, such as decreased productivity and compromised mental and physical health. We argue that the idealized identity is facilitated by several processes in broader management education and learning processes: idealized management skills taught in business schools, popular literature that defines what a "good manager" should be, and high expectations from stakeholders, colleagues, and employees. We recommend transforming management education and training because confronting these managerial taboo topics head-on is necessary to help managers become more resilient and effective and improve their overall well-being.