The objective of this study is to identify a specific set of functions that language(s) fulfill, to demonstrate which ones are relevant in the context of migration, and to illustrate how language choices are made, influenced by the language policy of the receiving state, as well as the way it is reflected in the linguistic awareness and the identity of the migrants. It is observed that migration into new territories is, as a rule, accompanied by considerable cultural changes, most notably linguistic. For the majority of migrants, relocation necessitates the acquisition of a new language, which is an indispensable factor for successful adaptation and integration into the host community. The analysis of the situation with Armenian migrants in Russia indicates that the functional space of language is characterized by a complex composition of the functions it performs. The most pertinent functions are those of stimulating and directing migration, the adaptation function, the function of preserving and reproducing ethnic culture, and the function of identification. The effective implementation of the aforementioned functions of language can facilitate a more favorable environment for migrants in the receiving society. This depends on the language policy, which must ensure that migrants possess the requisite linguistic competence while also fostering in them a sense of belonging to their new environment, taking into account their former preferences. It is also important to consider that the sense of belonging is contingent upon migrants’ intentions. These may include the desire to settle permanently, to establish oneself in the country, or to view it as a temporary destination. The article employs a comprehensive approach, integrating modern concepts of identity, migration, and sociolinguistics.