Identify Research Topics Research Articles

Web 2.0 and Destination Marketing: Current Trends and Future Directions

Over the last decade, destination marketers and Destination Marketing Organizations (DMOs) have increasingly invested in Web 2.0 technologies as a cost-effective means of promoting destinations online, in the face of drastic marketing budgets cuts. Recent scholarly and industry research has emphasized that Web 2.0 plays an increasing role in destination marketing. However, no comprehensive appraisal of this research area has been conducted so far. To address this gap, this study conducts a quantitative literature review to examine the extent to which Web 2.0 features in destination marketing research that was published until December 2019, by identifying research topics, gaps and future directions, and designing a theory-driven agenda for future research. The study’s findings indicate an increase in scholarly literature revolving around the adoption and use of Web 2.0 for destination marketing purposes. However, the emerging research field is fragmented in scope and displays several gaps. Most of the studies are descriptive in nature and a strong overarching conceptual framework that might help identify critical destination marketing problems linked to Web 2.0 technologies is missing.

PCV76 IDENTIFYING KNOWLEDGE GAPS IN HEART FAILURE (HF) RESEARCH AMONG WOMEN USING UNSUPERVISED MACHINE LEARNING METHODS

HF research topics among women are not well-known. The objective of this study was to use big data (PubMed) to identify research topics in HF among women. We searched PubMed using the following keywords and medical subject headings (MeSH): (“heart failure” OR “congestive heart failure” OR “cardiac failure” OR “heart failure therapy” OR “ejection fraction”) and retrieved all articles related to HF. Natural language processing and text-mining techniques were used to identify and screen relevant articles. We identified objective(s) of each study from PubMed abstracts after removing duplicates based on titles of the articles. To facilitate application of unsupervised machine learning algorithm, text preprocessing (e.g., stop words removal, tokenization...etc.) was conducted. We performed non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm on preprocessed text to cluster articles based on the primary topic. We performed topic modeling on all studies of women with HF and studies specific to postmenopausal women. Clusters were independently labelled and validated by three investigators familiar with HF research. All analyses were performed using Python 3.7. We identified 45,070 eligible articles on HF among women; unsupervised machine learning algorithm yielded 15 topic clusters. The largest topic cluster was related to epidemiology and disease burden of HF (4,578 articles), whereas the smallest topic cluster was related to atrial fibrillation (808 articles). We identified 77 eligible articles of HF in postmenopausal women; 5 clusters were identified. The largest topic cluster was related to cardiovascular risk (34 articles), while the smallest topic cluster was related to stress-induced cardiomyopathy (6 articles). Once the machine learning procedures were established, we were able to classify a large number of articles within a short time. However, human intelligence was required to interpret and validate the results. Topic modeling with machine learning methods can help identify understudied areas in medical research.

Research Committee Update

In official SEG terms, the Research Committee (RC) serves to improve communication among earth scientists interested in applied research, to advise the SEG Board of Directors on research matters, to identify research topics worthy of focused workshops, and to organize those workshops. The RC meets twice a year, with much of the committee's business conducted by e-mail. Membership is open to all researchers.

A review and meta-analysis of collaborative research prioritization studies in ecology, biodiversity conservation and environmental science.

Collaborative research prioritization (CRP) studies have become increasingly popular during the last decade. By bringing together a diverse group of stakeholders, and using a democratic process to create a list of research priorities, these methods purport to identify research topics that will better meet the needs of science users. Here, we review 41 CRP studies in the fields of ecology, biodiversity conservation and environmental science that collectively identify 2031 research priorities. We demonstrate that climate change, ecosystem services and protected areas are common terms found in the research priorities of many CRP studies, and that identified research priorities have become less unique over time. In addition, we show that there is a considerable variation in the size and composition of the groups involved in CRP studies, and that at least one aspect of the identified research priorities (lexical diversity) is related to the size of the CRP group. Although some CRP studies have been highly cited, the evidence that CRP studies have directly motivated research is weak, perhaps because most CRP studies have not directly involved organizations that fund science. We suggest that the most important impact of CRP studies may lie in their ability to connect individuals across sectors and help to build diverse communities of practice around important issues at the science-policy interface.

3:18 PM Abstract No. 210 Mentoring in interventional radiology: opportunities to engage the next generation through research

The purpose of this study is to assess the experience of trainees in seeking mentorship in interventional radiology and to identify the gaps in engaging them to pursue research opportunities in the field. A 27-item survey was sent to all members of the Society of Interventional Radiology Resident, Fellow and Student (SIR-RFS) section and Medical Student Section (SIR-MSC) as part of an IRB-approved prospective study between July and September 2019. Items assessed included basic demographic information, whether or not the respondent has a mentor in IR, experience in seeking mentorship in IR and what guidance trainees are hoping to obtain from mentors in IR. Descriptive statistics were computed for all assessed categorical variables. Of the trainees surveyed, 102 respondents (∼20%) completed the questionnaire. Of those: 73% were male; 73% were medical students; 50% were white and 38.5% were Asian. Only 69% of respondents indicated that they had a mentor in IR while 31% indicated that they would like to find a mentor in the field. 73% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that mentorship is essential to ensure success in IR. 80% of respondents with mentors stated that their mentors provide guidance in research, while only 64% said that they receive career guidance from their IR mentors. Unfortunately, 31% stated that they are not able to find a research mentor in IR at their institution. When it comes to research mentorship, 57.3% of respondents indicated that they are uncertain how to initiate a research project. 38.4% were uncertain how to navigate the ethical approval process at their institutions. 30.8% were looking for guidance in identifying research topics. The majority of respondents (62.7%) indicated that they meet with their mentors on a quarterly basis or less. While most respondents agreed that mentorship is essential to their success in IR, many trainees struggle with receiving career-related mentorship and may have difficulty identifying research mentors at their home institution. Greater efforts to develop IR mentorship programs for trainees is required.

Estruturas invisíveis de segregação na Região Metropolitana de Goiânia

Este artigo visa investigar a estrutura invisível de segregação da Região Metropolitana de Goiânia (RMG), a partir das inter-relações entre processos de produção do espaço urbano, princípios de planejamento e dinâmicas populacionais. Essas inter-relações são fundamentais para compreender a estruturação de desigualdades socioeconômicas nas áreas metropolitanas. Realizou-se uma análise do processo de formação da estrutura de segregação na região, abordando os diversos planos urbanísticos desenvolvidos para Goiânia. Apresenta-se, ainda, uma breve análise de indicadores populacionais com base em dados dos Censos Demográficos de 1950 a 2010 e de indicadores locais de associação espacial em 2010, para caracterizar as diferentes dinâmicas da região. Foi desenvolvida uma análise crítica destes aspectos, a fim de identificar e exibir as principais características da formação desta região em um diagrama síntese. Procuramos discutir como esta estrutura espacial resultante contribui para a reprodução de relações sociais segregadas. Os principais resultados indicam que a RMG não possui uma simples centralidade ou uma pluricentralidade. Há uma série de anéis concêntricos com diferentes tipos de centralidade funcionando em um sistema integrado – mas não inclusivo – de segregação. Identificamos também tópicos de pesquisas para investigar dinâmicas sociais, demográficas e econômicas que permitem aumentar o entendimento da formação espacial e de planejamento urbano dessa região.

A Review of Port Research using Computational Text Analysis: A Comparison of Korean and International Journals

This paper aims to identify research topics about the theme of port based on a corpus of articles published in Korean and international academic journals after the 2000s through a comprehensive literature review. Scanning the literature on port enables the authors to list up common research topics by comparing each journal paper. The scope of literature survey for this paper is limited to articles appeared in international journals in the category of seaport in science citation index (SCI) and Korea Citation Index (KCI) level journals. This study applies the topic modeling approach on collected texts and completes mapping of research trends and patterns of the existing literature by inferring key topics. This paper contributes to the literature of port research by comparing the research trends of Korean and international journals, illuminating crucial gaps that the previous studies have not addressed. Also, results in this study show that future research should focus on port cooperation and the environmental issues for the sustainable development of ports. Valuable insight from observations of this study is that the gap between recent challenges of port and topics of port studies in Korean journals needs to be bridged. This study could inspire some new discussions on port research and potential directions.

Data quality and the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is driving technological change and the development of new products and services that rely heavily on the quality of the data collected by IoT devices. There is a large body of research on data quality management and improvement in IoT, however, to date a systematic review of data quality measurement in IoT is not available. This paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) about data quality in IoT from the emergence of the term IoT in 1999 to 2018. We reviewed and analyzed 45 empirical studies to identify research themes on data quality in IoT. Based on this analysis we have established the links between data quality dimensions, manifestations of data quality problems, and methods utilized to measure data quality. The findings of this SLR suggest new research areas for further investigation and identify implications for practitioners in defining and measuring data quality in IoT.

Architecting Software for the Internet of Thing Based Systems

Context—Internet of Thing (IoT) based systems support any-time/place computations by interconnecting humans, systems, services, devices, and things that enabling autonomous systems to shape-up digitized societies. Software architecture, as the blue-print of software-intensive systems, abstracts the complexities of modeling, design, development, and evolution phases of a software to engineer complex IoT driven systems effectively and efficiently. Objectives and Method—Research and development efforts are required to exploit architectural principle and practices to design and develop IoT systems to go beyond the state-of-the-art for IoTs. The objectives of this research are to empirically investigate and systematically classify the state-of-the-art on architecting IoT based software. We have used the Evidence Based Software Engineering (EBSE) method to conduct a mapping study of the existing IoT solutions by investigating 88 qualitatively selected studies. Results and Implications—The results of the mapping study highlight various research themes that exploit software architecture models to develop IoT systems. The identified research themes include, but are not limited to, cloud-based software ecosystems, software defined networking, autonomous, and adaptive software and agent-based systems that IoTs drive. The mapping study suggests that futuristic research on architecting IoT software is focused on architectural languages and patterns that support reusability, automation, and human decision support to develop and dynamically adapt IoT software. The mapping study represents a concentrated knowledge regarding architectural principle and practices to facilitate knowledge transfer—benefiting researchers and practitioners—on the role of software architecture for IoT systems.

Research on food-related chronic diseases in Latin America and the Caribbean: Are we building the evidence for gender-equitable approaches?

ABSTRACTObjectives.Gender continues to be largely neglected in the global response to the noncommunicable disease epidemic. The objectives of this study were to examine current practice and barriers faced by Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) researchers in addressing gender in research on healthy food environments, and to identify future topics for gender-sensitive and gender-transformative research.Methods.This study involved: 1) a descriptive, three-part survey to investigate to what extent LAC researchers are integrating gender considerations in research for healthier food environments and 2) a participatory workshop to coproduce ideas for future gender-sensitive and gender-transformative research.Results.Fifty-four participants, from 19 countries, attended the workshop. Of those 54, 41 of them responded to at least one section of the three-part survey, including with 26 of the 41 responding to the section on gender. Of these 26, 17 (65.4%) had collected sex-disaggregated data and 14 (53.8%) had conducted gender analysis in recent research on food environments. Few participants had integrated gender-related findings in their recommendations and solutions. Challenges included data and methodological limitations (e.g., lack of preexisting evidence, working with secondary data), knowledge and capacity gaps, subject sensitivity, and biases. Participants identified research topics for enhancing gender equity that included food preparation norms and domestic responsibilities; differential participation of women and men in food production, distribution, and retail; and employment and school policies.Conclusions.The findings from this study suggest that gender inequity is not being well addressed in food environment research from the LAC region. The analytical framework presented here can serve as an important starting point and resource for catalyzing future gender-transformative research. Complementary efforts are needed to overcome other challenges raised by the participating researchers, including capacity gaps, resource and data limitations, and publishing barriers.

Hot topics and trends in cardiovascular research.

AimsComprehensive data on research undertaken in cardiovascular medicine can inform the scientific community and can support policy building. We used the publication output from 2004 to 2013 and the 2014 references to these documents, to identify research topics and trends in the field of cardiovascular disease.Methods and resultsText fragments were extracted from the titles and abstracts of 478 000 publications using natural language processing. Through machine-learning algorithms, these text fragments combined to identify specific topics across all publications. A second method, which included cross-references, assigned each publication document to a specific cluster. Experts named the topics and document clusters based on various outputs from these semi-automatic methods. We identified and labelled 175 cardiovascular topics and 20 large document clusters, with concordance between the approaches. Overarching, strongly growing topics in clinical and population sciences are evidence-based guidance for treatment, research on outcomes, prognosis, and risk factors. ‘Hot’ topics include novel treatments in valve disease and in coronary artery disease, and imaging. Basic research decreases its share over time but sees substantial growth of research on stem cells and tissue engineering, as well as in translational research. Inflammation, biomarkers, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and lipids are hot topics across population, clinical and basic research, supporting integration across the cardiovascular field.ConclusionGrowth in clinical and population research emphasizes improving patient outcomes through novel treatments, risk stratification, and prevention. Translation and innovation redefine basic research in cardiovascular disease. Medical need, funding and publishing policies, and scientific opportunities are potential drivers for these evolutions.

Research Priorities in the Field of Patient Safety in Iran: Results of a Delphi Study.

There is inadequate evidence to direct and support patient safety practice. Therefore, identifying research priorities in this field is relevant for many stakeholders. This study, which was built on the World Health Organization work, aimed to identify and prioritize research topics for patient safety in Iran. A 3-round Modified Delphi process was used. We purposefully recruited a panel of 45 policy makers, planners, health care managers and staff, and academic members with experience or expertise in patient safety research. A review of the literature was used to develop the first questionnaire, including 24 research topics. Respondents were asked to rate their agreement with each research topic and propose new topics. Based on the results of round 1, the second questionnaire was developed and the respondents were requested to rate 45 research topics and also put similar research topics in the same groups. Given the responses of round 2, the third questionnaire including a list of 45 research priorities categorized in 4 groups was developed. Respondents were asked to reflect their opinions. Content analysis was used to analyze round 1 data and descriptive statistics for round 2 and round 3 data. Forty-five identified research topics in round 1 prioritized and grouped in subsequent rounds. Among 4 research groups, the extent and epidemiology threatening patient safety group received the highest priority; and among research topics, adverse drug events and its epidemiology were the top-ranked research priorities. In addition to the priorities identified in previous work, more research priorities that reflect important and needed issue related to patient safety, especially in Iran, were recognized. This priority research list, which most stakeholders agree with it, can serve as a blueprint for patient safety research.

The Scleroderma Research Topics Survey for patients and health care professionals: A Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network Project.

Involving patients and health care professionals in research has been shown to be a useful strategy to generate program development ideas and establish research priorities. Online surveys can be used to identify patient research priorities. The Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network is an international collaboration dedicated to researching problems important to people with scleroderma and developing, testing, and disseminating educational, self-management, rehabilitation, and psychological tools to support coping within the disease. The objectives of the Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network Scleroderma Research Topics Survey were to (1) obtain input on online programs that Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network could develop, (2) identify research topics important to members of the scleroderma community that could be addressed via the Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network Cohort, and (3) identify potentially understudied groups. Eligible survey respondents included individuals with scleroderma and their caregivers, health care professionals, and patient organization representatives. Responses were evaluated separately for online programs, possible research questions, and understudied groups. In each category, thematic analysis was used to group responses into themes. A total of 125 participants (100 patients, 24 health care professionals, and 1 caregiver) completed the survey, and responses from patients and health care professionals were reported. For online programs, frequent recommendations included Interactive Platforms to facilitate communication between patients, as well as interventions targeting physical activity, and emotions and stress. Common responses for possible research questions were related to calcinosis, accessing health care, and quality of life. The most common suggestions for understudied groups were young patients, minority patients, and patients with calcinosis. Research topic suggestions provided in the survey will inform Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network priorities and can be considered by other researchers.

Editorial for pedometrics 2017 special issue

Editorial for pedometrics 2017 special issue

A bibliometric analysis of event detection in social media

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the research status and development trend of the field of event detection in social media (ED in SM) through a bibliometric analysis of academic publications.Design/methodology/approachFirst, publication distributions are analyzed including the trends of publications and citations, subject distribution, predominant journals, affiliations, authors, etc. Second, an indicator of collaboration degree is used to measure scientific connective relations from different perspectives. A network analysis method is then applied to reveal scientific collaboration relations. Furthermore, based on keyword co-occurrence analysis, major research themes and their evolutions throughout time span are discovered. Finally, a network analysis method is applied to visualize the analysis results.FindingsThe area of ED in SM has received increasing attention and interest in academia with Computer Science and Engineering as two major research subjects. The USA and China contribute the most to the area development. Affiliations and authors tend to collaborate more with those within the same country. Among the 14 identified research themes, newly emerged themes such as Pharmacovigilance event detection are discovered.Originality/valueThis study is the first to comprehensively illustrate the research status of ED in SM by conducting a bibliometric analysis. Up-to-date findings are reported, which can help relevant researchers understand the research trend, seek scientific collaborators and optimize research topic choices.

Establishing research priorities in prevention and control of vector-borne diseases in urban areas: a collaborative process

BackgroundIn 2015, following a call for proposals from the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), six scoping reviews on the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases in urban areas were conducted. Those reviews provided a clear picture of the available knowledge and highlighted knowledge gaps, as well as needs and opportunities for future research. Based on the research findings of the scoping reviews, a concept mapping exercise was undertaken to produce a list of priority research needs to be addressed.MethodsMembers of the six research teams responsible for the “VEctor boRne DiseAses Scoping reviews” (VERDAS) consortium’s scoping reviews met for 2 days with decision-makers from Colombia, Brazil, Peru, Pan-American Health Organization, and World Health Organization. A total of 11 researchers and seven decision-makers (from ministries of health, city and regional vector control departments, and vector control programs) completed the concept mapping, answering the question: “In view of the knowledge synthesis and your own expertise, what do we still need to know about vector-borne diseases and other infectious diseases of poverty in urban areas?” Participants rated each statement on two scales from 1 to 5, one relative to ‘priority’ and the other to ‘policy relevance’, and grouped statements into clusters based on their own individual criteria and expertise.ResultsThe final map consisted of 12 clusters. Participants considered those entitled “Equity”, “Technology”, and “Surveillance” to have the highest priority. The cluster considered the most important concerns equity issues, confirming that these issues are rarely addressed in research on vector-borne diseases. On the other hand, the “Population mobility” and “Collaboration” clusters were considered to be the lowest priority but remained identified by participants as research priorities. The average policy relevance scores for each of the 12 clusters were roughly the same as the priority scores for all clusters. Some issues were not addressed during the brain-storming. This is the case for governance and for access and quality of care.ConclusionsBased on this work, and adopting a participatory approach, the concept mapping exercise conducted collaboratively with researchers from these teams and high-level decision-makers identified research themes for which studies should be carried out as a priority.

Reaching a consensus on research priorities for supporting women with autoimmune rheumatic diseases during pre-conception, pregnancy and early parenting: A Nominal Group Technique exercise with lay and professional stakeholders

Background:Women with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) find it difficult to get information and support with family planning, pregnancy, and early parenting. A systematic approach to prioritising research is required to accelerate development and evaluation of interventions to meet the complex needs of this population. Methods:A Nominal Group Technique (NGT) exercise was carried out with lay and professional stakeholders (n=29). Stakeholders were prepared for debate through presentation of available evidence. Stakeholders completed three tasks to develop, individually rank, and reach consensus on research priorities: Task 1 – mapping challenges and services using visual timelines; Task 2 - identifying research topics; Task 3 - individually ranking research topics in priority order. Results of the ranking exercise were fed back to the group for comment. Results:The main themes emerging from Task 1 were the need for provision of information, multi-disciplinary care, and social and peer support. In Task 2, 15 research topics and 58 sub-topics were identified around addressing the challenges and gaps in care identified during Task 1. In Task 3, a consensus was reached on the ten research topics that should be given the highest priority. These were individually ranked, resulting in the following order of priorities (from 1 – highest to 10 – lowest): 1. Shared decision-making early in the care pathway; 2. Pre-conception counseling; 3. Information about medication use during pregnancy/breastfeeding; 4. Personalised care planning; 5. Support for partners/family members; 6. Information about local support/disease specific issues; 7. Shared decision-making across the care pathway; 8. Peer-support; 9. Social inequalities in care, and; 10. Guidance on holistic/alternative therapies. Conclusions:This systematic approach to identification of research priorities from a multi-disciplinary and lay perspective indicated that activities should focus on development and evaluation of interventions that increase patient involvement in clinical decision-making, multi-disciplinary models of care, and timely provision of information.

Identifying research topics in marketing science along the past decade: a content analysis

In recent years, how marketing science is conceptualized has changed, as have the methods through which data are investigated. This reconceptualization is making a significant impact on the most important topics of this discipline. Here, a novel approach is used to analyse a collection of 1169 abstracts from articles published in the Journal of Marketing Research and the Journal of Marketing from 2005 to 2014. We apply statistical methods to answer the following questions: How is vocabulary commonly used in marketing science? What are the most relevant topics of these journals? Which articles are the most influential? What words do authors prefer? Is the consumer among the primary topics in marketing research? A set of easy-to-read visual representations are provided to answer these questions. We highlight two main findings: (i) consumers and customers are the main topics of these marketing research journals, which emphasizes the growing interest in consumers and consumer behaviour as the core of both brick-and-mortar and online businesses; and (ii) in contrast to previous periods, product has become an essential concept, perhaps due to the emergence of new product considerations and new and enhanced interrelations.

Reaching a consensus on research priorities for supporting women with autoimmune rheumatic diseases during pre-conception, pregnancy and early parenting: A Nominal Group Technique exercise with lay and professional stakeholders.

Background:Women with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) find it difficult to get information and support with family planning, pregnancy, and early parenting. A systematic approach to prioritising research is required to accelerate development and evaluation of interventions to meet the complex needs of this population. Methods:A Nominal Group Technique (NGT) exercise was carried out with lay and professional stakeholders (n=29). Stakeholders were prepared for debate through presentation of available evidence. Stakeholders completed three tasks to develop, individually rank, and reach consensus on research priorities: Task 1 - mapping challenges and services using visual timelines; Task 2 - identifying research topics; Task 3 - individually ranking research topics in priority order. Results of the ranking exercise were fed back to the group for comment. Results:The main themes emerging from Task 1 were the need for provision of information, multi-disciplinary care, and social and peer support. In Task 2, 15 research topics and 58 sub-topics were identified around addressing the challenges and gaps in care identified during Task 1.In Task 3,a consensus was reached on the ten research topics that should be given the highest priority. These were individually ranked, resulting in the following order of priorities (from 1 - highest to 10 - lowest): 1. Shared decision-making early in the care pathway; 2. Pre-conception counseling; 3. Information about medication use during pregnancy/breastfeeding; 4. Personalised care planning; 5. Support for partners/family members; 6. Information about local support/disease specific issues; 7. Shared decision-making across the care pathway; 8. Peer-support; 9. Social inequalities in care, and; 10. Guidance on holistic/alternative therapies. Conclusions:This systematic approach to identification of research priorities from a multi-disciplinary and lay perspective indicated that activities should focus on development and evaluation of interventions that increase patient involvement in clinical decision-making, multi-disciplinary models of care, and timely provision of information.

Research on Participation in Working Life: On the Transfer from Theory into Practice

This study focuses on the theory-practice transfer in the field of research on participation in working life (LTA). The aim was to determine what expectations are prevalent on the part of service providers, how they access scientific knowledge, how the transfer into practice takes place and what research gaps exist. At the same time, representatives of the German Statutory Pension Insurance were asked about internal structures for identifying research topics and evaluating research results as well as for knowledge transfer. The aim of the article is to address the relationship between research and practice in the field of LTA and to create a sensitivity for this topic. The results of this study are based on a written survey of 28 Vocational Training Institutes (BFW) of the Federal Association of Vocational Rehabilitation Centres (BV BFW) and on three expert interviews with representatives of pension insurance companies (federal and regional). The response rate of the BFW survey was approximately 54% (N=15). For the evaluation of data primarily qualitative content analysis was applied, which included a step by step coding of the data. The results of the survey indicate a pronounced need for translation processes and a culture of cooperation between research and practice. At the same time, a tension between the preservation of the autonomy of research and an increasing transfer orientation became evident. In addition, a wide range of approaches for structuring possible transfer activities could be identified. In the area of research on services for participation in working life, the development of a strategy for research transfer represents a future task. It is necessary to explore new communication structures and participatory research formats in which research groups and sponsors as well as practitioners can jointly carry out research in this field.